xref: /freebsd/sys/contrib/openzfs/cmd/zdb/zdb.c (revision f81cdf24ba5436367377f7c8e8f51f6df2a75ca7)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or https://opensource.org/licenses/CDDL-1.0.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
24  * Copyright (c) 2011, 2019 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
25  * Copyright (c) 2014 Integros [integros.com]
26  * Copyright 2016 Nexenta Systems, Inc.
27  * Copyright (c) 2017, 2018 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC.
28  * Copyright (c) 2015, 2017, Intel Corporation.
29  * Copyright (c) 2020 Datto Inc.
30  * Copyright (c) 2020, The FreeBSD Foundation [1]
31  *
32  * [1] Portions of this software were developed by Allan Jude
33  *     under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
34  * Copyright (c) 2021 Allan Jude
35  * Copyright (c) 2021 Toomas Soome <tsoome@me.com>
36  * Copyright (c) 2023, Klara Inc.
37  * Copyright (c) 2023, Rob Norris <robn@despairlabs.com>
38  */
39 
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include <unistd.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include <ctype.h>
44 #include <getopt.h>
45 #include <openssl/evp.h>
46 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
47 #include <sys/spa.h>
48 #include <sys/spa_impl.h>
49 #include <sys/dmu.h>
50 #include <sys/zap.h>
51 #include <sys/fs/zfs.h>
52 #include <sys/zfs_znode.h>
53 #include <sys/zfs_sa.h>
54 #include <sys/sa.h>
55 #include <sys/sa_impl.h>
56 #include <sys/vdev.h>
57 #include <sys/vdev_impl.h>
58 #include <sys/metaslab_impl.h>
59 #include <sys/dmu_objset.h>
60 #include <sys/dsl_dir.h>
61 #include <sys/dsl_dataset.h>
62 #include <sys/dsl_pool.h>
63 #include <sys/dsl_bookmark.h>
64 #include <sys/dbuf.h>
65 #include <sys/zil.h>
66 #include <sys/zil_impl.h>
67 #include <sys/stat.h>
68 #include <sys/resource.h>
69 #include <sys/dmu_send.h>
70 #include <sys/dmu_traverse.h>
71 #include <sys/zio_checksum.h>
72 #include <sys/zio_compress.h>
73 #include <sys/zfs_fuid.h>
74 #include <sys/arc.h>
75 #include <sys/arc_impl.h>
76 #include <sys/ddt.h>
77 #include <sys/zfeature.h>
78 #include <sys/abd.h>
79 #include <sys/blkptr.h>
80 #include <sys/dsl_crypt.h>
81 #include <sys/dsl_scan.h>
82 #include <sys/btree.h>
83 #include <sys/brt.h>
84 #include <sys/brt_impl.h>
85 #include <zfs_comutil.h>
86 #include <sys/zstd/zstd.h>
87 
88 #include <libnvpair.h>
89 #include <libzutil.h>
90 
91 #include <libzdb.h>
92 
93 #include "zdb.h"
94 
95 
96 extern int reference_tracking_enable;
97 extern int zfs_recover;
98 extern uint_t zfs_vdev_async_read_max_active;
99 extern boolean_t spa_load_verify_dryrun;
100 extern boolean_t spa_mode_readable_spacemaps;
101 extern uint_t zfs_reconstruct_indirect_combinations_max;
102 extern uint_t zfs_btree_verify_intensity;
103 
104 static const char cmdname[] = "zdb";
105 uint8_t dump_opt[256];
106 
107 typedef void object_viewer_t(objset_t *, uint64_t, void *data, size_t size);
108 
109 static uint64_t *zopt_metaslab = NULL;
110 static unsigned zopt_metaslab_args = 0;
111 
112 
113 static zopt_object_range_t *zopt_object_ranges = NULL;
114 static unsigned zopt_object_args = 0;
115 
116 static int flagbits[256];
117 
118 
119 static uint64_t max_inflight_bytes = 256 * 1024 * 1024; /* 256MB */
120 static int leaked_objects = 0;
121 static range_tree_t *mos_refd_objs;
122 
123 static void snprintf_blkptr_compact(char *, size_t, const blkptr_t *,
124     boolean_t);
125 static void mos_obj_refd(uint64_t);
126 static void mos_obj_refd_multiple(uint64_t);
127 static int dump_bpobj_cb(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, boolean_t free,
128     dmu_tx_t *tx);
129 
130 
131 
132 static void zdb_print_blkptr(const blkptr_t *bp, int flags);
133 
134 typedef struct sublivelist_verify_block_refcnt {
135 	/* block pointer entry in livelist being verified */
136 	blkptr_t svbr_blk;
137 
138 	/*
139 	 * Refcount gets incremented to 1 when we encounter the first
140 	 * FREE entry for the svfbr block pointer and a node for it
141 	 * is created in our ZDB verification/tracking metadata.
142 	 *
143 	 * As we encounter more FREE entries we increment this counter
144 	 * and similarly decrement it whenever we find the respective
145 	 * ALLOC entries for this block.
146 	 *
147 	 * When the refcount gets to 0 it means that all the FREE and
148 	 * ALLOC entries of this block have paired up and we no longer
149 	 * need to track it in our verification logic (e.g. the node
150 	 * containing this struct in our verification data structure
151 	 * should be freed).
152 	 *
153 	 * [refer to sublivelist_verify_blkptr() for the actual code]
154 	 */
155 	uint32_t svbr_refcnt;
156 } sublivelist_verify_block_refcnt_t;
157 
158 static int
159 sublivelist_block_refcnt_compare(const void *larg, const void *rarg)
160 {
161 	const sublivelist_verify_block_refcnt_t *l = larg;
162 	const sublivelist_verify_block_refcnt_t *r = rarg;
163 	return (livelist_compare(&l->svbr_blk, &r->svbr_blk));
164 }
165 
166 static int
167 sublivelist_verify_blkptr(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, boolean_t free,
168     dmu_tx_t *tx)
169 {
170 	ASSERT3P(tx, ==, NULL);
171 	struct sublivelist_verify *sv = arg;
172 	sublivelist_verify_block_refcnt_t current = {
173 			.svbr_blk = *bp,
174 
175 			/*
176 			 * Start with 1 in case this is the first free entry.
177 			 * This field is not used for our B-Tree comparisons
178 			 * anyway.
179 			 */
180 			.svbr_refcnt = 1,
181 	};
182 
183 	zfs_btree_index_t where;
184 	sublivelist_verify_block_refcnt_t *pair =
185 	    zfs_btree_find(&sv->sv_pair, &current, &where);
186 	if (free) {
187 		if (pair == NULL) {
188 			/* first free entry for this block pointer */
189 			zfs_btree_add(&sv->sv_pair, &current);
190 		} else {
191 			pair->svbr_refcnt++;
192 		}
193 	} else {
194 		if (pair == NULL) {
195 			/* block that is currently marked as allocated */
196 			for (int i = 0; i < SPA_DVAS_PER_BP; i++) {
197 				if (DVA_IS_EMPTY(&bp->blk_dva[i]))
198 					break;
199 				sublivelist_verify_block_t svb = {
200 				    .svb_dva = bp->blk_dva[i],
201 				    .svb_allocated_txg = bp->blk_birth
202 				};
203 
204 				if (zfs_btree_find(&sv->sv_leftover, &svb,
205 				    &where) == NULL) {
206 					zfs_btree_add_idx(&sv->sv_leftover,
207 					    &svb, &where);
208 				}
209 			}
210 		} else {
211 			/* alloc matches a free entry */
212 			pair->svbr_refcnt--;
213 			if (pair->svbr_refcnt == 0) {
214 				/* all allocs and frees have been matched */
215 				zfs_btree_remove_idx(&sv->sv_pair, &where);
216 			}
217 		}
218 	}
219 
220 	return (0);
221 }
222 
223 static int
224 sublivelist_verify_func(void *args, dsl_deadlist_entry_t *dle)
225 {
226 	int err;
227 	struct sublivelist_verify *sv = args;
228 
229 	zfs_btree_create(&sv->sv_pair, sublivelist_block_refcnt_compare, NULL,
230 	    sizeof (sublivelist_verify_block_refcnt_t));
231 
232 	err = bpobj_iterate_nofree(&dle->dle_bpobj, sublivelist_verify_blkptr,
233 	    sv, NULL);
234 
235 	sublivelist_verify_block_refcnt_t *e;
236 	zfs_btree_index_t *cookie = NULL;
237 	while ((e = zfs_btree_destroy_nodes(&sv->sv_pair, &cookie)) != NULL) {
238 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
239 		snprintf_blkptr_compact(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf),
240 		    &e->svbr_blk, B_TRUE);
241 		(void) printf("\tERROR: %d unmatched FREE(s): %s\n",
242 		    e->svbr_refcnt, blkbuf);
243 	}
244 	zfs_btree_destroy(&sv->sv_pair);
245 
246 	return (err);
247 }
248 
249 static int
250 livelist_block_compare(const void *larg, const void *rarg)
251 {
252 	const sublivelist_verify_block_t *l = larg;
253 	const sublivelist_verify_block_t *r = rarg;
254 
255 	if (DVA_GET_VDEV(&l->svb_dva) < DVA_GET_VDEV(&r->svb_dva))
256 		return (-1);
257 	else if (DVA_GET_VDEV(&l->svb_dva) > DVA_GET_VDEV(&r->svb_dva))
258 		return (+1);
259 
260 	if (DVA_GET_OFFSET(&l->svb_dva) < DVA_GET_OFFSET(&r->svb_dva))
261 		return (-1);
262 	else if (DVA_GET_OFFSET(&l->svb_dva) > DVA_GET_OFFSET(&r->svb_dva))
263 		return (+1);
264 
265 	if (DVA_GET_ASIZE(&l->svb_dva) < DVA_GET_ASIZE(&r->svb_dva))
266 		return (-1);
267 	else if (DVA_GET_ASIZE(&l->svb_dva) > DVA_GET_ASIZE(&r->svb_dva))
268 		return (+1);
269 
270 	return (0);
271 }
272 
273 /*
274  * Check for errors in a livelist while tracking all unfreed ALLOCs in the
275  * sublivelist_verify_t: sv->sv_leftover
276  */
277 static void
278 livelist_verify(dsl_deadlist_t *dl, void *arg)
279 {
280 	sublivelist_verify_t *sv = arg;
281 	dsl_deadlist_iterate(dl, sublivelist_verify_func, sv);
282 }
283 
284 /*
285  * Check for errors in the livelist entry and discard the intermediary
286  * data structures
287  */
288 static int
289 sublivelist_verify_lightweight(void *args, dsl_deadlist_entry_t *dle)
290 {
291 	(void) args;
292 	sublivelist_verify_t sv;
293 	zfs_btree_create(&sv.sv_leftover, livelist_block_compare, NULL,
294 	    sizeof (sublivelist_verify_block_t));
295 	int err = sublivelist_verify_func(&sv, dle);
296 	zfs_btree_clear(&sv.sv_leftover);
297 	zfs_btree_destroy(&sv.sv_leftover);
298 	return (err);
299 }
300 
301 typedef struct metaslab_verify {
302 	/*
303 	 * Tree containing all the leftover ALLOCs from the livelists
304 	 * that are part of this metaslab.
305 	 */
306 	zfs_btree_t mv_livelist_allocs;
307 
308 	/*
309 	 * Metaslab information.
310 	 */
311 	uint64_t mv_vdid;
312 	uint64_t mv_msid;
313 	uint64_t mv_start;
314 	uint64_t mv_end;
315 
316 	/*
317 	 * What's currently allocated for this metaslab.
318 	 */
319 	range_tree_t *mv_allocated;
320 } metaslab_verify_t;
321 
322 typedef void ll_iter_t(dsl_deadlist_t *ll, void *arg);
323 
324 typedef int (*zdb_log_sm_cb_t)(spa_t *spa, space_map_entry_t *sme, uint64_t txg,
325     void *arg);
326 
327 typedef struct unflushed_iter_cb_arg {
328 	spa_t *uic_spa;
329 	uint64_t uic_txg;
330 	void *uic_arg;
331 	zdb_log_sm_cb_t uic_cb;
332 } unflushed_iter_cb_arg_t;
333 
334 static int
335 iterate_through_spacemap_logs_cb(space_map_entry_t *sme, void *arg)
336 {
337 	unflushed_iter_cb_arg_t *uic = arg;
338 	return (uic->uic_cb(uic->uic_spa, sme, uic->uic_txg, uic->uic_arg));
339 }
340 
341 static void
342 iterate_through_spacemap_logs(spa_t *spa, zdb_log_sm_cb_t cb, void *arg)
343 {
344 	if (!spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_LOG_SPACEMAP))
345 		return;
346 
347 	spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG, RW_READER);
348 	for (spa_log_sm_t *sls = avl_first(&spa->spa_sm_logs_by_txg);
349 	    sls; sls = AVL_NEXT(&spa->spa_sm_logs_by_txg, sls)) {
350 		space_map_t *sm = NULL;
351 		VERIFY0(space_map_open(&sm, spa_meta_objset(spa),
352 		    sls->sls_sm_obj, 0, UINT64_MAX, SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT));
353 
354 		unflushed_iter_cb_arg_t uic = {
355 			.uic_spa = spa,
356 			.uic_txg = sls->sls_txg,
357 			.uic_arg = arg,
358 			.uic_cb = cb
359 		};
360 		VERIFY0(space_map_iterate(sm, space_map_length(sm),
361 		    iterate_through_spacemap_logs_cb, &uic));
362 		space_map_close(sm);
363 	}
364 	spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG);
365 }
366 
367 static void
368 verify_livelist_allocs(metaslab_verify_t *mv, uint64_t txg,
369     uint64_t offset, uint64_t size)
370 {
371 	sublivelist_verify_block_t svb = {{{0}}};
372 	DVA_SET_VDEV(&svb.svb_dva, mv->mv_vdid);
373 	DVA_SET_OFFSET(&svb.svb_dva, offset);
374 	DVA_SET_ASIZE(&svb.svb_dva, size);
375 	zfs_btree_index_t where;
376 	uint64_t end_offset = offset + size;
377 
378 	/*
379 	 *  Look for an exact match for spacemap entry in the livelist entries.
380 	 *  Then, look for other livelist entries that fall within the range
381 	 *  of the spacemap entry as it may have been condensed
382 	 */
383 	sublivelist_verify_block_t *found =
384 	    zfs_btree_find(&mv->mv_livelist_allocs, &svb, &where);
385 	if (found == NULL) {
386 		found = zfs_btree_next(&mv->mv_livelist_allocs, &where, &where);
387 	}
388 	for (; found != NULL && DVA_GET_VDEV(&found->svb_dva) == mv->mv_vdid &&
389 	    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&found->svb_dva) < end_offset;
390 	    found = zfs_btree_next(&mv->mv_livelist_allocs, &where, &where)) {
391 		if (found->svb_allocated_txg <= txg) {
392 			(void) printf("ERROR: Livelist ALLOC [%llx:%llx] "
393 			    "from TXG %llx FREED at TXG %llx\n",
394 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_OFFSET(&found->svb_dva),
395 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&found->svb_dva),
396 			    (u_longlong_t)found->svb_allocated_txg,
397 			    (u_longlong_t)txg);
398 		}
399 	}
400 }
401 
402 static int
403 metaslab_spacemap_validation_cb(space_map_entry_t *sme, void *arg)
404 {
405 	metaslab_verify_t *mv = arg;
406 	uint64_t offset = sme->sme_offset;
407 	uint64_t size = sme->sme_run;
408 	uint64_t txg = sme->sme_txg;
409 
410 	if (sme->sme_type == SM_ALLOC) {
411 		if (range_tree_contains(mv->mv_allocated,
412 		    offset, size)) {
413 			(void) printf("ERROR: DOUBLE ALLOC: "
414 			    "%llu [%llx:%llx] "
415 			    "%llu:%llu LOG_SM\n",
416 			    (u_longlong_t)txg, (u_longlong_t)offset,
417 			    (u_longlong_t)size, (u_longlong_t)mv->mv_vdid,
418 			    (u_longlong_t)mv->mv_msid);
419 		} else {
420 			range_tree_add(mv->mv_allocated,
421 			    offset, size);
422 		}
423 	} else {
424 		if (!range_tree_contains(mv->mv_allocated,
425 		    offset, size)) {
426 			(void) printf("ERROR: DOUBLE FREE: "
427 			    "%llu [%llx:%llx] "
428 			    "%llu:%llu LOG_SM\n",
429 			    (u_longlong_t)txg, (u_longlong_t)offset,
430 			    (u_longlong_t)size, (u_longlong_t)mv->mv_vdid,
431 			    (u_longlong_t)mv->mv_msid);
432 		} else {
433 			range_tree_remove(mv->mv_allocated,
434 			    offset, size);
435 		}
436 	}
437 
438 	if (sme->sme_type != SM_ALLOC) {
439 		/*
440 		 * If something is freed in the spacemap, verify that
441 		 * it is not listed as allocated in the livelist.
442 		 */
443 		verify_livelist_allocs(mv, txg, offset, size);
444 	}
445 	return (0);
446 }
447 
448 static int
449 spacemap_check_sm_log_cb(spa_t *spa, space_map_entry_t *sme,
450     uint64_t txg, void *arg)
451 {
452 	metaslab_verify_t *mv = arg;
453 	uint64_t offset = sme->sme_offset;
454 	uint64_t vdev_id = sme->sme_vdev;
455 
456 	vdev_t *vd = vdev_lookup_top(spa, vdev_id);
457 
458 	/* skip indirect vdevs */
459 	if (!vdev_is_concrete(vd))
460 		return (0);
461 
462 	if (vdev_id != mv->mv_vdid)
463 		return (0);
464 
465 	metaslab_t *ms = vd->vdev_ms[offset >> vd->vdev_ms_shift];
466 	if (ms->ms_id != mv->mv_msid)
467 		return (0);
468 
469 	if (txg < metaslab_unflushed_txg(ms))
470 		return (0);
471 
472 
473 	ASSERT3U(txg, ==, sme->sme_txg);
474 	return (metaslab_spacemap_validation_cb(sme, mv));
475 }
476 
477 static void
478 spacemap_check_sm_log(spa_t *spa, metaslab_verify_t *mv)
479 {
480 	iterate_through_spacemap_logs(spa, spacemap_check_sm_log_cb, mv);
481 }
482 
483 static void
484 spacemap_check_ms_sm(space_map_t  *sm, metaslab_verify_t *mv)
485 {
486 	if (sm == NULL)
487 		return;
488 
489 	VERIFY0(space_map_iterate(sm, space_map_length(sm),
490 	    metaslab_spacemap_validation_cb, mv));
491 }
492 
493 static void iterate_deleted_livelists(spa_t *spa, ll_iter_t func, void *arg);
494 
495 /*
496  * Transfer blocks from sv_leftover tree to the mv_livelist_allocs if
497  * they are part of that metaslab (mv_msid).
498  */
499 static void
500 mv_populate_livelist_allocs(metaslab_verify_t *mv, sublivelist_verify_t *sv)
501 {
502 	zfs_btree_index_t where;
503 	sublivelist_verify_block_t *svb;
504 	ASSERT3U(zfs_btree_numnodes(&mv->mv_livelist_allocs), ==, 0);
505 	for (svb = zfs_btree_first(&sv->sv_leftover, &where);
506 	    svb != NULL;
507 	    svb = zfs_btree_next(&sv->sv_leftover, &where, &where)) {
508 		if (DVA_GET_VDEV(&svb->svb_dva) != mv->mv_vdid)
509 			continue;
510 
511 		if (DVA_GET_OFFSET(&svb->svb_dva) < mv->mv_start &&
512 		    (DVA_GET_OFFSET(&svb->svb_dva) +
513 		    DVA_GET_ASIZE(&svb->svb_dva)) > mv->mv_start) {
514 			(void) printf("ERROR: Found block that crosses "
515 			    "metaslab boundary: <%llu:%llx:%llx>\n",
516 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_VDEV(&svb->svb_dva),
517 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_OFFSET(&svb->svb_dva),
518 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&svb->svb_dva));
519 			continue;
520 		}
521 
522 		if (DVA_GET_OFFSET(&svb->svb_dva) < mv->mv_start)
523 			continue;
524 
525 		if (DVA_GET_OFFSET(&svb->svb_dva) >= mv->mv_end)
526 			continue;
527 
528 		if ((DVA_GET_OFFSET(&svb->svb_dva) +
529 		    DVA_GET_ASIZE(&svb->svb_dva)) > mv->mv_end) {
530 			(void) printf("ERROR: Found block that crosses "
531 			    "metaslab boundary: <%llu:%llx:%llx>\n",
532 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_VDEV(&svb->svb_dva),
533 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_OFFSET(&svb->svb_dva),
534 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&svb->svb_dva));
535 			continue;
536 		}
537 
538 		zfs_btree_add(&mv->mv_livelist_allocs, svb);
539 	}
540 
541 	for (svb = zfs_btree_first(&mv->mv_livelist_allocs, &where);
542 	    svb != NULL;
543 	    svb = zfs_btree_next(&mv->mv_livelist_allocs, &where, &where)) {
544 		zfs_btree_remove(&sv->sv_leftover, svb);
545 	}
546 }
547 
548 /*
549  * [Livelist Check]
550  * Iterate through all the sublivelists and:
551  * - report leftover frees (**)
552  * - record leftover ALLOCs together with their TXG [see Cross Check]
553  *
554  * (**) Note: Double ALLOCs are valid in datasets that have dedup
555  *      enabled. Similarly double FREEs are allowed as well but
556  *      only if they pair up with a corresponding ALLOC entry once
557  *      we our done with our sublivelist iteration.
558  *
559  * [Spacemap Check]
560  * for each metaslab:
561  * - iterate over spacemap and then the metaslab's entries in the
562  *   spacemap log, then report any double FREEs and ALLOCs (do not
563  *   blow up).
564  *
565  * [Cross Check]
566  * After finishing the Livelist Check phase and while being in the
567  * Spacemap Check phase, we find all the recorded leftover ALLOCs
568  * of the livelist check that are part of the metaslab that we are
569  * currently looking at in the Spacemap Check. We report any entries
570  * that are marked as ALLOCs in the livelists but have been actually
571  * freed (and potentially allocated again) after their TXG stamp in
572  * the spacemaps. Also report any ALLOCs from the livelists that
573  * belong to indirect vdevs (e.g. their vdev completed removal).
574  *
575  * Note that this will miss Log Spacemap entries that cancelled each other
576  * out before being flushed to the metaslab, so we are not guaranteed
577  * to match all erroneous ALLOCs.
578  */
579 static void
580 livelist_metaslab_validate(spa_t *spa)
581 {
582 	(void) printf("Verifying deleted livelist entries\n");
583 
584 	sublivelist_verify_t sv;
585 	zfs_btree_create(&sv.sv_leftover, livelist_block_compare, NULL,
586 	    sizeof (sublivelist_verify_block_t));
587 	iterate_deleted_livelists(spa, livelist_verify, &sv);
588 
589 	(void) printf("Verifying metaslab entries\n");
590 	vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
591 	for (uint64_t c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
592 		vdev_t *vd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
593 
594 		if (!vdev_is_concrete(vd))
595 			continue;
596 
597 		for (uint64_t mid = 0; mid < vd->vdev_ms_count; mid++) {
598 			metaslab_t *m = vd->vdev_ms[mid];
599 
600 			(void) fprintf(stderr,
601 			    "\rverifying concrete vdev %llu, "
602 			    "metaslab %llu of %llu ...",
603 			    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_id,
604 			    (longlong_t)mid,
605 			    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_ms_count);
606 
607 			uint64_t shift, start;
608 			range_seg_type_t type =
609 			    metaslab_calculate_range_tree_type(vd, m,
610 			    &start, &shift);
611 			metaslab_verify_t mv;
612 			mv.mv_allocated = range_tree_create(NULL,
613 			    type, NULL, start, shift);
614 			mv.mv_vdid = vd->vdev_id;
615 			mv.mv_msid = m->ms_id;
616 			mv.mv_start = m->ms_start;
617 			mv.mv_end = m->ms_start + m->ms_size;
618 			zfs_btree_create(&mv.mv_livelist_allocs,
619 			    livelist_block_compare, NULL,
620 			    sizeof (sublivelist_verify_block_t));
621 
622 			mv_populate_livelist_allocs(&mv, &sv);
623 
624 			spacemap_check_ms_sm(m->ms_sm, &mv);
625 			spacemap_check_sm_log(spa, &mv);
626 
627 			range_tree_vacate(mv.mv_allocated, NULL, NULL);
628 			range_tree_destroy(mv.mv_allocated);
629 			zfs_btree_clear(&mv.mv_livelist_allocs);
630 			zfs_btree_destroy(&mv.mv_livelist_allocs);
631 		}
632 	}
633 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
634 
635 	/*
636 	 * If there are any segments in the leftover tree after we walked
637 	 * through all the metaslabs in the concrete vdevs then this means
638 	 * that we have segments in the livelists that belong to indirect
639 	 * vdevs and are marked as allocated.
640 	 */
641 	if (zfs_btree_numnodes(&sv.sv_leftover) == 0) {
642 		zfs_btree_destroy(&sv.sv_leftover);
643 		return;
644 	}
645 	(void) printf("ERROR: Found livelist blocks marked as allocated "
646 	    "for indirect vdevs:\n");
647 
648 	zfs_btree_index_t *where = NULL;
649 	sublivelist_verify_block_t *svb;
650 	while ((svb = zfs_btree_destroy_nodes(&sv.sv_leftover, &where)) !=
651 	    NULL) {
652 		int vdev_id = DVA_GET_VDEV(&svb->svb_dva);
653 		ASSERT3U(vdev_id, <, rvd->vdev_children);
654 		vdev_t *vd = rvd->vdev_child[vdev_id];
655 		ASSERT(!vdev_is_concrete(vd));
656 		(void) printf("<%d:%llx:%llx> TXG %llx\n",
657 		    vdev_id, (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_OFFSET(&svb->svb_dva),
658 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&svb->svb_dva),
659 		    (u_longlong_t)svb->svb_allocated_txg);
660 	}
661 	(void) printf("\n");
662 	zfs_btree_destroy(&sv.sv_leftover);
663 }
664 
665 /*
666  * These libumem hooks provide a reasonable set of defaults for the allocator's
667  * debugging facilities.
668  */
669 const char *
670 _umem_debug_init(void)
671 {
672 	return ("default,verbose"); /* $UMEM_DEBUG setting */
673 }
674 
675 const char *
676 _umem_logging_init(void)
677 {
678 	return ("fail,contents"); /* $UMEM_LOGGING setting */
679 }
680 
681 static void
682 usage(void)
683 {
684 	(void) fprintf(stderr,
685 	    "Usage:\t%s [-AbcdDFGhikLMPsvXy] [-e [-V] [-p <path> ...]] "
686 	    "[-I <inflight I/Os>]\n"
687 	    "\t\t[-o <var>=<value>]... [-t <txg>] [-U <cache>] [-x <dumpdir>]\n"
688 	    "\t\t[-K <key>]\n"
689 	    "\t\t[<poolname>[/<dataset | objset id>] [<object | range> ...]]\n"
690 	    "\t%s [-AdiPv] [-e [-V] [-p <path> ...]] [-U <cache>] [-K <key>]\n"
691 	    "\t\t[<poolname>[/<dataset | objset id>] [<object | range> ...]\n"
692 	    "\t%s -B [-e [-V] [-p <path> ...]] [-I <inflight I/Os>]\n"
693 	    "\t\t[-o <var>=<value>]... [-t <txg>] [-U <cache>] [-x <dumpdir>]\n"
694 	    "\t\t[-K <key>] <poolname>/<objset id> [<backupflags>]\n"
695 	    "\t%s [-v] <bookmark>\n"
696 	    "\t%s -C [-A] [-U <cache>] [<poolname>]\n"
697 	    "\t%s -l [-Aqu] <device>\n"
698 	    "\t%s -m [-AFLPX] [-e [-V] [-p <path> ...]] [-t <txg>] "
699 	    "[-U <cache>]\n\t\t<poolname> [<vdev> [<metaslab> ...]]\n"
700 	    "\t%s -O [-K <key>] <dataset> <path>\n"
701 	    "\t%s -r [-K <key>] <dataset> <path> <destination>\n"
702 	    "\t%s -R [-A] [-e [-V] [-p <path> ...]] [-U <cache>]\n"
703 	    "\t\t<poolname> <vdev>:<offset>:<size>[:<flags>]\n"
704 	    "\t%s -E [-A] word0:word1:...:word15\n"
705 	    "\t%s -S [-AP] [-e [-V] [-p <path> ...]] [-U <cache>] "
706 	    "<poolname>\n\n",
707 	    cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname,
708 	    cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname);
709 
710 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "    Dataset name must include at least one "
711 	    "separator character '/' or '@'\n");
712 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "    If dataset name is specified, only that "
713 	    "dataset is dumped\n");
714 	(void) fprintf(stderr,  "    If object numbers or object number "
715 	    "ranges are specified, only those\n"
716 	    "    objects or ranges are dumped.\n\n");
717 	(void) fprintf(stderr,
718 	    "    Object ranges take the form <start>:<end>[:<flags>]\n"
719 	    "        start    Starting object number\n"
720 	    "        end      Ending object number, or -1 for no upper bound\n"
721 	    "        flags    Optional flags to select object types:\n"
722 	    "            A     All objects (this is the default)\n"
723 	    "            d     ZFS directories\n"
724 	    "            f     ZFS files \n"
725 	    "            m     SPA space maps\n"
726 	    "            z     ZAPs\n"
727 	    "            -     Negate effect of next flag\n\n");
728 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "    Options to control amount of output:\n");
729 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -b --block-stats             "
730 	    "block statistics\n");
731 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -B --backup                  "
732 	    "backup stream\n");
733 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -c --checksum                "
734 	    "checksum all metadata (twice for all data) blocks\n");
735 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -C --config                  "
736 	    "config (or cachefile if alone)\n");
737 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -d --datasets                "
738 	    "dataset(s)\n");
739 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -D --dedup-stats             "
740 	    "dedup statistics\n");
741 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -E --embedded-block-pointer=INTEGER\n"
742 	    "                                     decode and display block "
743 	    "from an embedded block pointer\n");
744 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -h --history                 "
745 	    "pool history\n");
746 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -i --intent-logs             "
747 	    "intent logs\n");
748 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -l --label                   "
749 	    "read label contents\n");
750 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -k --checkpointed-state      "
751 	    "examine the checkpointed state of the pool\n");
752 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -L --disable-leak-tracking   "
753 	    "disable leak tracking (do not load spacemaps)\n");
754 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -m --metaslabs               "
755 	    "metaslabs\n");
756 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -M --metaslab-groups         "
757 	    "metaslab groups\n");
758 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -O --object-lookups          "
759 	    "perform object lookups by path\n");
760 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -r --copy-object             "
761 	    "copy an object by path to file\n");
762 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -R --read-block              "
763 	    "read and display block from a device\n");
764 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -s --io-stats                "
765 	    "report stats on zdb's I/O\n");
766 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -S --simulate-dedup          "
767 	    "simulate dedup to measure effect\n");
768 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -v --verbose                 "
769 	    "verbose (applies to all others)\n");
770 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -y --livelist                "
771 	    "perform livelist and metaslab validation on any livelists being "
772 	    "deleted\n\n");
773 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "    Below options are intended for use "
774 	    "with other options:\n");
775 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -A --ignore-assertions       "
776 	    "ignore assertions (-A), enable panic recovery (-AA) or both "
777 	    "(-AAA)\n");
778 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -e --exported                "
779 	    "pool is exported/destroyed/has altroot/not in a cachefile\n");
780 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -F --automatic-rewind        "
781 	    "attempt automatic rewind within safe range of transaction "
782 	    "groups\n");
783 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -G --dump-debug-msg          "
784 	    "dump zfs_dbgmsg buffer before exiting\n");
785 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -I --inflight=INTEGER        "
786 	    "specify the maximum number of checksumming I/Os "
787 	    "[default is 200]\n");
788 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -K --key=KEY                 "
789 	    "decryption key for encrypted dataset\n");
790 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -o --option=\"OPTION=INTEGER\" "
791 	    "set global variable to an unsigned 32-bit integer\n");
792 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -p --path==PATH              "
793 	    "use one or more with -e to specify path to vdev dir\n");
794 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -P --parseable               "
795 	    "print numbers in parseable form\n");
796 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -q --skip-label              "
797 	    "don't print label contents\n");
798 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -t --txg=INTEGER             "
799 	    "highest txg to use when searching for uberblocks\n");
800 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -T --brt-stats               "
801 	    "BRT statistics\n");
802 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -u --uberblock               "
803 	    "uberblock\n");
804 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -U --cachefile=PATH          "
805 	    "use alternate cachefile\n");
806 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -V --verbatim                "
807 	    "do verbatim import\n");
808 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -x --dump-blocks=PATH        "
809 	    "dump all read blocks into specified directory\n");
810 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -X --extreme-rewind          "
811 	    "attempt extreme rewind (does not work with dataset)\n");
812 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -Y --all-reconstruction      "
813 	    "attempt all reconstruction combinations for split blocks\n");
814 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -Z --zstd-headers            "
815 	    "show ZSTD headers \n");
816 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "Specify an option more than once (e.g. -bb) "
817 	    "to make only that option verbose\n");
818 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "Default is to dump everything non-verbosely\n");
819 	exit(1);
820 }
821 
822 static void
823 dump_debug_buffer(void)
824 {
825 	if (dump_opt['G']) {
826 		(void) printf("\n");
827 		(void) fflush(stdout);
828 		zfs_dbgmsg_print("zdb");
829 	}
830 }
831 
832 /*
833  * Called for usage errors that are discovered after a call to spa_open(),
834  * dmu_bonus_hold(), or pool_match().  abort() is called for other errors.
835  */
836 
837 static void
838 fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
839 {
840 	va_list ap;
841 
842 	va_start(ap, fmt);
843 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", cmdname);
844 	(void) vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
845 	va_end(ap);
846 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
847 
848 	dump_debug_buffer();
849 
850 	exit(1);
851 }
852 
853 static void
854 dump_packed_nvlist(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
855 {
856 	(void) size;
857 	nvlist_t *nv;
858 	size_t nvsize = *(uint64_t *)data;
859 	char *packed = umem_alloc(nvsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
860 
861 	VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, object, 0, nvsize, packed, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
862 
863 	VERIFY(nvlist_unpack(packed, nvsize, &nv, 0) == 0);
864 
865 	umem_free(packed, nvsize);
866 
867 	dump_nvlist(nv, 8);
868 
869 	nvlist_free(nv);
870 }
871 
872 static void
873 dump_history_offsets(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
874 {
875 	(void) os, (void) object, (void) size;
876 	spa_history_phys_t *shp = data;
877 
878 	if (shp == NULL)
879 		return;
880 
881 	(void) printf("\t\tpool_create_len = %llu\n",
882 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_pool_create_len);
883 	(void) printf("\t\tphys_max_off = %llu\n",
884 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_phys_max_off);
885 	(void) printf("\t\tbof = %llu\n",
886 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_bof);
887 	(void) printf("\t\teof = %llu\n",
888 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_eof);
889 	(void) printf("\t\trecords_lost = %llu\n",
890 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_records_lost);
891 }
892 
893 static void
894 zdb_nicenum(uint64_t num, char *buf, size_t buflen)
895 {
896 	if (dump_opt['P'])
897 		(void) snprintf(buf, buflen, "%llu", (longlong_t)num);
898 	else
899 		nicenum(num, buf, buflen);
900 }
901 
902 static void
903 zdb_nicebytes(uint64_t bytes, char *buf, size_t buflen)
904 {
905 	if (dump_opt['P'])
906 		(void) snprintf(buf, buflen, "%llu", (longlong_t)bytes);
907 	else
908 		zfs_nicebytes(bytes, buf, buflen);
909 }
910 
911 static const char histo_stars[] = "****************************************";
912 static const uint64_t histo_width = sizeof (histo_stars) - 1;
913 
914 static void
915 dump_histogram(const uint64_t *histo, int size, int offset)
916 {
917 	int i;
918 	int minidx = size - 1;
919 	int maxidx = 0;
920 	uint64_t max = 0;
921 
922 	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
923 		if (histo[i] == 0)
924 			continue;
925 		if (histo[i] > max)
926 			max = histo[i];
927 		if (i > maxidx)
928 			maxidx = i;
929 		if (i < minidx)
930 			minidx = i;
931 	}
932 
933 	if (max < histo_width)
934 		max = histo_width;
935 
936 	for (i = minidx; i <= maxidx; i++) {
937 		(void) printf("\t\t\t%3u: %6llu %s\n",
938 		    i + offset, (u_longlong_t)histo[i],
939 		    &histo_stars[(max - histo[i]) * histo_width / max]);
940 	}
941 }
942 
943 static void
944 dump_zap_stats(objset_t *os, uint64_t object)
945 {
946 	int error;
947 	zap_stats_t zs;
948 
949 	error = zap_get_stats(os, object, &zs);
950 	if (error)
951 		return;
952 
953 	if (zs.zs_ptrtbl_len == 0) {
954 		ASSERT(zs.zs_num_blocks == 1);
955 		(void) printf("\tmicrozap: %llu bytes, %llu entries\n",
956 		    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_blocksize,
957 		    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_num_entries);
958 		return;
959 	}
960 
961 	(void) printf("\tFat ZAP stats:\n");
962 
963 	(void) printf("\t\tPointer table:\n");
964 	(void) printf("\t\t\t%llu elements\n",
965 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_len);
966 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_blk: %llu\n",
967 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_zt_blk);
968 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_numblks: %llu\n",
969 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_zt_numblks);
970 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_shift: %llu\n",
971 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_zt_shift);
972 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_blks_copied: %llu\n",
973 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_blks_copied);
974 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_nextblk: %llu\n",
975 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_nextblk);
976 
977 	(void) printf("\t\tZAP entries: %llu\n",
978 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_num_entries);
979 	(void) printf("\t\tLeaf blocks: %llu\n",
980 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_num_leafs);
981 	(void) printf("\t\tTotal blocks: %llu\n",
982 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_num_blocks);
983 	(void) printf("\t\tzap_block_type: 0x%llx\n",
984 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_block_type);
985 	(void) printf("\t\tzap_magic: 0x%llx\n",
986 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_magic);
987 	(void) printf("\t\tzap_salt: 0x%llx\n",
988 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_salt);
989 
990 	(void) printf("\t\tLeafs with 2^n pointers:\n");
991 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_leafs_with_2n_pointers, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
992 
993 	(void) printf("\t\tBlocks with n*5 entries:\n");
994 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_blocks_with_n5_entries, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
995 
996 	(void) printf("\t\tBlocks n/10 full:\n");
997 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_blocks_n_tenths_full, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
998 
999 	(void) printf("\t\tEntries with n chunks:\n");
1000 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_entries_using_n_chunks, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
1001 
1002 	(void) printf("\t\tBuckets with n entries:\n");
1003 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_buckets_with_n_entries, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
1004 }
1005 
1006 static void
1007 dump_none(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1008 {
1009 	(void) os, (void) object, (void) data, (void) size;
1010 }
1011 
1012 static void
1013 dump_unknown(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1014 {
1015 	(void) os, (void) object, (void) data, (void) size;
1016 	(void) printf("\tUNKNOWN OBJECT TYPE\n");
1017 }
1018 
1019 static void
1020 dump_uint8(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1021 {
1022 	(void) os, (void) object, (void) data, (void) size;
1023 }
1024 
1025 static void
1026 dump_uint64(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1027 {
1028 	uint64_t *arr;
1029 	uint64_t oursize;
1030 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 6)
1031 		return;
1032 
1033 	if (data == NULL) {
1034 		dmu_object_info_t doi;
1035 
1036 		VERIFY0(dmu_object_info(os, object, &doi));
1037 		size = doi.doi_max_offset;
1038 		/*
1039 		 * We cap the size at 1 mebibyte here to prevent
1040 		 * allocation failures and nigh-infinite printing if the
1041 		 * object is extremely large.
1042 		 */
1043 		oursize = MIN(size, 1 << 20);
1044 		arr = kmem_alloc(oursize, KM_SLEEP);
1045 
1046 		int err = dmu_read(os, object, 0, oursize, arr, 0);
1047 		if (err != 0) {
1048 			(void) printf("got error %u from dmu_read\n", err);
1049 			kmem_free(arr, oursize);
1050 			return;
1051 		}
1052 	} else {
1053 		/*
1054 		 * Even though the allocation is already done in this code path,
1055 		 * we still cap the size to prevent excessive printing.
1056 		 */
1057 		oursize = MIN(size, 1 << 20);
1058 		arr = data;
1059 	}
1060 
1061 	if (size == 0) {
1062 		if (data == NULL)
1063 			kmem_free(arr, oursize);
1064 		(void) printf("\t\t[]\n");
1065 		return;
1066 	}
1067 
1068 	(void) printf("\t\t[%0llx", (u_longlong_t)arr[0]);
1069 	for (size_t i = 1; i * sizeof (uint64_t) < oursize; i++) {
1070 		if (i % 4 != 0)
1071 			(void) printf(", %0llx", (u_longlong_t)arr[i]);
1072 		else
1073 			(void) printf(",\n\t\t%0llx", (u_longlong_t)arr[i]);
1074 	}
1075 	if (oursize != size)
1076 		(void) printf(", ... ");
1077 	(void) printf("]\n");
1078 
1079 	if (data == NULL)
1080 		kmem_free(arr, oursize);
1081 }
1082 
1083 static void
1084 dump_zap(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1085 {
1086 	(void) data, (void) size;
1087 	zap_cursor_t zc;
1088 	zap_attribute_t attr;
1089 	void *prop;
1090 	unsigned i;
1091 
1092 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
1093 	(void) printf("\n");
1094 
1095 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, os, object);
1096 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
1097 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
1098 		(void) printf("\t\t%s = ", attr.za_name);
1099 		if (attr.za_num_integers == 0) {
1100 			(void) printf("\n");
1101 			continue;
1102 		}
1103 		prop = umem_zalloc(attr.za_num_integers *
1104 		    attr.za_integer_length, UMEM_NOFAIL);
1105 		(void) zap_lookup(os, object, attr.za_name,
1106 		    attr.za_integer_length, attr.za_num_integers, prop);
1107 		if (attr.za_integer_length == 1) {
1108 			if (strcmp(attr.za_name,
1109 			    DSL_CRYPTO_KEY_MASTER_KEY) == 0 ||
1110 			    strcmp(attr.za_name,
1111 			    DSL_CRYPTO_KEY_HMAC_KEY) == 0 ||
1112 			    strcmp(attr.za_name, DSL_CRYPTO_KEY_IV) == 0 ||
1113 			    strcmp(attr.za_name, DSL_CRYPTO_KEY_MAC) == 0 ||
1114 			    strcmp(attr.za_name, DMU_POOL_CHECKSUM_SALT) == 0) {
1115 				uint8_t *u8 = prop;
1116 
1117 				for (i = 0; i < attr.za_num_integers; i++) {
1118 					(void) printf("%02x", u8[i]);
1119 				}
1120 			} else {
1121 				(void) printf("%s", (char *)prop);
1122 			}
1123 		} else {
1124 			for (i = 0; i < attr.za_num_integers; i++) {
1125 				switch (attr.za_integer_length) {
1126 				case 2:
1127 					(void) printf("%u ",
1128 					    ((uint16_t *)prop)[i]);
1129 					break;
1130 				case 4:
1131 					(void) printf("%u ",
1132 					    ((uint32_t *)prop)[i]);
1133 					break;
1134 				case 8:
1135 					(void) printf("%lld ",
1136 					    (u_longlong_t)((int64_t *)prop)[i]);
1137 					break;
1138 				}
1139 			}
1140 		}
1141 		(void) printf("\n");
1142 		umem_free(prop, attr.za_num_integers * attr.za_integer_length);
1143 	}
1144 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
1145 }
1146 
1147 static void
1148 dump_bpobj(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1149 {
1150 	bpobj_phys_t *bpop = data;
1151 	uint64_t i;
1152 	char bytes[32], comp[32], uncomp[32];
1153 
1154 	/* make sure the output won't get truncated */
1155 	_Static_assert(sizeof (bytes) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "bytes truncated");
1156 	_Static_assert(sizeof (comp) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "comp truncated");
1157 	_Static_assert(sizeof (uncomp) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "uncomp truncated");
1158 
1159 	if (bpop == NULL)
1160 		return;
1161 
1162 	zdb_nicenum(bpop->bpo_bytes, bytes, sizeof (bytes));
1163 	zdb_nicenum(bpop->bpo_comp, comp, sizeof (comp));
1164 	zdb_nicenum(bpop->bpo_uncomp, uncomp, sizeof (uncomp));
1165 
1166 	(void) printf("\t\tnum_blkptrs = %llu\n",
1167 	    (u_longlong_t)bpop->bpo_num_blkptrs);
1168 	(void) printf("\t\tbytes = %s\n", bytes);
1169 	if (size >= BPOBJ_SIZE_V1) {
1170 		(void) printf("\t\tcomp = %s\n", comp);
1171 		(void) printf("\t\tuncomp = %s\n", uncomp);
1172 	}
1173 	if (size >= BPOBJ_SIZE_V2) {
1174 		(void) printf("\t\tsubobjs = %llu\n",
1175 		    (u_longlong_t)bpop->bpo_subobjs);
1176 		(void) printf("\t\tnum_subobjs = %llu\n",
1177 		    (u_longlong_t)bpop->bpo_num_subobjs);
1178 	}
1179 	if (size >= sizeof (*bpop)) {
1180 		(void) printf("\t\tnum_freed = %llu\n",
1181 		    (u_longlong_t)bpop->bpo_num_freed);
1182 	}
1183 
1184 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 5)
1185 		return;
1186 
1187 	for (i = 0; i < bpop->bpo_num_blkptrs; i++) {
1188 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
1189 		blkptr_t bp;
1190 
1191 		int err = dmu_read(os, object,
1192 		    i * sizeof (bp), sizeof (bp), &bp, 0);
1193 		if (err != 0) {
1194 			(void) printf("got error %u from dmu_read\n", err);
1195 			break;
1196 		}
1197 		snprintf_blkptr_compact(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), &bp,
1198 		    BP_GET_FREE(&bp));
1199 		(void) printf("\t%s\n", blkbuf);
1200 	}
1201 }
1202 
1203 static void
1204 dump_bpobj_subobjs(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1205 {
1206 	(void) data, (void) size;
1207 	dmu_object_info_t doi;
1208 	int64_t i;
1209 
1210 	VERIFY0(dmu_object_info(os, object, &doi));
1211 	uint64_t *subobjs = kmem_alloc(doi.doi_max_offset, KM_SLEEP);
1212 
1213 	int err = dmu_read(os, object, 0, doi.doi_max_offset, subobjs, 0);
1214 	if (err != 0) {
1215 		(void) printf("got error %u from dmu_read\n", err);
1216 		kmem_free(subobjs, doi.doi_max_offset);
1217 		return;
1218 	}
1219 
1220 	int64_t last_nonzero = -1;
1221 	for (i = 0; i < doi.doi_max_offset / 8; i++) {
1222 		if (subobjs[i] != 0)
1223 			last_nonzero = i;
1224 	}
1225 
1226 	for (i = 0; i <= last_nonzero; i++) {
1227 		(void) printf("\t%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)subobjs[i]);
1228 	}
1229 	kmem_free(subobjs, doi.doi_max_offset);
1230 }
1231 
1232 static void
1233 dump_ddt_zap(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1234 {
1235 	(void) data, (void) size;
1236 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
1237 	/* contents are printed elsewhere, properly decoded */
1238 }
1239 
1240 static void
1241 dump_sa_attrs(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1242 {
1243 	(void) data, (void) size;
1244 	zap_cursor_t zc;
1245 	zap_attribute_t attr;
1246 
1247 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
1248 	(void) printf("\n");
1249 
1250 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, os, object);
1251 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
1252 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
1253 		(void) printf("\t\t%s = ", attr.za_name);
1254 		if (attr.za_num_integers == 0) {
1255 			(void) printf("\n");
1256 			continue;
1257 		}
1258 		(void) printf(" %llx : [%d:%d:%d]\n",
1259 		    (u_longlong_t)attr.za_first_integer,
1260 		    (int)ATTR_LENGTH(attr.za_first_integer),
1261 		    (int)ATTR_BSWAP(attr.za_first_integer),
1262 		    (int)ATTR_NUM(attr.za_first_integer));
1263 	}
1264 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
1265 }
1266 
1267 static void
1268 dump_sa_layouts(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1269 {
1270 	(void) data, (void) size;
1271 	zap_cursor_t zc;
1272 	zap_attribute_t attr;
1273 	uint16_t *layout_attrs;
1274 	unsigned i;
1275 
1276 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
1277 	(void) printf("\n");
1278 
1279 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, os, object);
1280 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
1281 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
1282 		(void) printf("\t\t%s = [", attr.za_name);
1283 		if (attr.za_num_integers == 0) {
1284 			(void) printf("\n");
1285 			continue;
1286 		}
1287 
1288 		VERIFY(attr.za_integer_length == 2);
1289 		layout_attrs = umem_zalloc(attr.za_num_integers *
1290 		    attr.za_integer_length, UMEM_NOFAIL);
1291 
1292 		VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, object, attr.za_name,
1293 		    attr.za_integer_length,
1294 		    attr.za_num_integers, layout_attrs) == 0);
1295 
1296 		for (i = 0; i != attr.za_num_integers; i++)
1297 			(void) printf(" %d ", (int)layout_attrs[i]);
1298 		(void) printf("]\n");
1299 		umem_free(layout_attrs,
1300 		    attr.za_num_integers * attr.za_integer_length);
1301 	}
1302 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
1303 }
1304 
1305 static void
1306 dump_zpldir(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1307 {
1308 	(void) data, (void) size;
1309 	zap_cursor_t zc;
1310 	zap_attribute_t attr;
1311 	const char *typenames[] = {
1312 		/* 0 */ "not specified",
1313 		/* 1 */ "FIFO",
1314 		/* 2 */ "Character Device",
1315 		/* 3 */ "3 (invalid)",
1316 		/* 4 */ "Directory",
1317 		/* 5 */ "5 (invalid)",
1318 		/* 6 */ "Block Device",
1319 		/* 7 */ "7 (invalid)",
1320 		/* 8 */ "Regular File",
1321 		/* 9 */ "9 (invalid)",
1322 		/* 10 */ "Symbolic Link",
1323 		/* 11 */ "11 (invalid)",
1324 		/* 12 */ "Socket",
1325 		/* 13 */ "Door",
1326 		/* 14 */ "Event Port",
1327 		/* 15 */ "15 (invalid)",
1328 	};
1329 
1330 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
1331 	(void) printf("\n");
1332 
1333 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, os, object);
1334 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
1335 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
1336 		(void) printf("\t\t%s = %lld (type: %s)\n",
1337 		    attr.za_name, ZFS_DIRENT_OBJ(attr.za_first_integer),
1338 		    typenames[ZFS_DIRENT_TYPE(attr.za_first_integer)]);
1339 	}
1340 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
1341 }
1342 
1343 static int
1344 get_dtl_refcount(vdev_t *vd)
1345 {
1346 	int refcount = 0;
1347 
1348 	if (vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf) {
1349 		space_map_t *sm = vd->vdev_dtl_sm;
1350 
1351 		if (sm != NULL &&
1352 		    sm->sm_dbuf->db_size == sizeof (space_map_phys_t))
1353 			return (1);
1354 		return (0);
1355 	}
1356 
1357 	for (unsigned c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
1358 		refcount += get_dtl_refcount(vd->vdev_child[c]);
1359 	return (refcount);
1360 }
1361 
1362 static int
1363 get_metaslab_refcount(vdev_t *vd)
1364 {
1365 	int refcount = 0;
1366 
1367 	if (vd->vdev_top == vd) {
1368 		for (uint64_t m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++) {
1369 			space_map_t *sm = vd->vdev_ms[m]->ms_sm;
1370 
1371 			if (sm != NULL &&
1372 			    sm->sm_dbuf->db_size == sizeof (space_map_phys_t))
1373 				refcount++;
1374 		}
1375 	}
1376 	for (unsigned c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
1377 		refcount += get_metaslab_refcount(vd->vdev_child[c]);
1378 
1379 	return (refcount);
1380 }
1381 
1382 static int
1383 get_obsolete_refcount(vdev_t *vd)
1384 {
1385 	uint64_t obsolete_sm_object;
1386 	int refcount = 0;
1387 
1388 	VERIFY0(vdev_obsolete_sm_object(vd, &obsolete_sm_object));
1389 	if (vd->vdev_top == vd && obsolete_sm_object != 0) {
1390 		dmu_object_info_t doi;
1391 		VERIFY0(dmu_object_info(vd->vdev_spa->spa_meta_objset,
1392 		    obsolete_sm_object, &doi));
1393 		if (doi.doi_bonus_size == sizeof (space_map_phys_t)) {
1394 			refcount++;
1395 		}
1396 	} else {
1397 		ASSERT3P(vd->vdev_obsolete_sm, ==, NULL);
1398 		ASSERT3U(obsolete_sm_object, ==, 0);
1399 	}
1400 	for (unsigned c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++) {
1401 		refcount += get_obsolete_refcount(vd->vdev_child[c]);
1402 	}
1403 
1404 	return (refcount);
1405 }
1406 
1407 static int
1408 get_prev_obsolete_spacemap_refcount(spa_t *spa)
1409 {
1410 	uint64_t prev_obj =
1411 	    spa->spa_condensing_indirect_phys.scip_prev_obsolete_sm_object;
1412 	if (prev_obj != 0) {
1413 		dmu_object_info_t doi;
1414 		VERIFY0(dmu_object_info(spa->spa_meta_objset, prev_obj, &doi));
1415 		if (doi.doi_bonus_size == sizeof (space_map_phys_t)) {
1416 			return (1);
1417 		}
1418 	}
1419 	return (0);
1420 }
1421 
1422 static int
1423 get_checkpoint_refcount(vdev_t *vd)
1424 {
1425 	int refcount = 0;
1426 
1427 	if (vd->vdev_top == vd && vd->vdev_top_zap != 0 &&
1428 	    zap_contains(spa_meta_objset(vd->vdev_spa),
1429 	    vd->vdev_top_zap, VDEV_TOP_ZAP_POOL_CHECKPOINT_SM) == 0)
1430 		refcount++;
1431 
1432 	for (uint64_t c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
1433 		refcount += get_checkpoint_refcount(vd->vdev_child[c]);
1434 
1435 	return (refcount);
1436 }
1437 
1438 static int
1439 get_log_spacemap_refcount(spa_t *spa)
1440 {
1441 	return (avl_numnodes(&spa->spa_sm_logs_by_txg));
1442 }
1443 
1444 static int
1445 verify_spacemap_refcounts(spa_t *spa)
1446 {
1447 	uint64_t expected_refcount = 0;
1448 	uint64_t actual_refcount;
1449 
1450 	(void) feature_get_refcount(spa,
1451 	    &spa_feature_table[SPA_FEATURE_SPACEMAP_HISTOGRAM],
1452 	    &expected_refcount);
1453 	actual_refcount = get_dtl_refcount(spa->spa_root_vdev);
1454 	actual_refcount += get_metaslab_refcount(spa->spa_root_vdev);
1455 	actual_refcount += get_obsolete_refcount(spa->spa_root_vdev);
1456 	actual_refcount += get_prev_obsolete_spacemap_refcount(spa);
1457 	actual_refcount += get_checkpoint_refcount(spa->spa_root_vdev);
1458 	actual_refcount += get_log_spacemap_refcount(spa);
1459 
1460 	if (expected_refcount != actual_refcount) {
1461 		(void) printf("space map refcount mismatch: expected %lld != "
1462 		    "actual %lld\n",
1463 		    (longlong_t)expected_refcount,
1464 		    (longlong_t)actual_refcount);
1465 		return (2);
1466 	}
1467 	return (0);
1468 }
1469 
1470 static void
1471 dump_spacemap(objset_t *os, space_map_t *sm)
1472 {
1473 	const char *ddata[] = { "ALLOC", "FREE", "CONDENSE", "INVALID",
1474 	    "INVALID", "INVALID", "INVALID", "INVALID" };
1475 
1476 	if (sm == NULL)
1477 		return;
1478 
1479 	(void) printf("space map object %llu:\n",
1480 	    (longlong_t)sm->sm_object);
1481 	(void) printf("  smp_length = 0x%llx\n",
1482 	    (longlong_t)sm->sm_phys->smp_length);
1483 	(void) printf("  smp_alloc = 0x%llx\n",
1484 	    (longlong_t)sm->sm_phys->smp_alloc);
1485 
1486 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 6 && dump_opt['m'] < 4)
1487 		return;
1488 
1489 	/*
1490 	 * Print out the freelist entries in both encoded and decoded form.
1491 	 */
1492 	uint8_t mapshift = sm->sm_shift;
1493 	int64_t alloc = 0;
1494 	uint64_t word, entry_id = 0;
1495 	for (uint64_t offset = 0; offset < space_map_length(sm);
1496 	    offset += sizeof (word)) {
1497 
1498 		VERIFY0(dmu_read(os, space_map_object(sm), offset,
1499 		    sizeof (word), &word, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
1500 
1501 		if (sm_entry_is_debug(word)) {
1502 			uint64_t de_txg = SM_DEBUG_TXG_DECODE(word);
1503 			uint64_t de_sync_pass = SM_DEBUG_SYNCPASS_DECODE(word);
1504 			if (de_txg == 0) {
1505 				(void) printf(
1506 				    "\t    [%6llu] PADDING\n",
1507 				    (u_longlong_t)entry_id);
1508 			} else {
1509 				(void) printf(
1510 				    "\t    [%6llu] %s: txg %llu pass %llu\n",
1511 				    (u_longlong_t)entry_id,
1512 				    ddata[SM_DEBUG_ACTION_DECODE(word)],
1513 				    (u_longlong_t)de_txg,
1514 				    (u_longlong_t)de_sync_pass);
1515 			}
1516 			entry_id++;
1517 			continue;
1518 		}
1519 
1520 		uint8_t words;
1521 		char entry_type;
1522 		uint64_t entry_off, entry_run, entry_vdev = SM_NO_VDEVID;
1523 
1524 		if (sm_entry_is_single_word(word)) {
1525 			entry_type = (SM_TYPE_DECODE(word) == SM_ALLOC) ?
1526 			    'A' : 'F';
1527 			entry_off = (SM_OFFSET_DECODE(word) << mapshift) +
1528 			    sm->sm_start;
1529 			entry_run = SM_RUN_DECODE(word) << mapshift;
1530 			words = 1;
1531 		} else {
1532 			/* it is a two-word entry so we read another word */
1533 			ASSERT(sm_entry_is_double_word(word));
1534 
1535 			uint64_t extra_word;
1536 			offset += sizeof (extra_word);
1537 			VERIFY0(dmu_read(os, space_map_object(sm), offset,
1538 			    sizeof (extra_word), &extra_word,
1539 			    DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
1540 
1541 			ASSERT3U(offset, <=, space_map_length(sm));
1542 
1543 			entry_run = SM2_RUN_DECODE(word) << mapshift;
1544 			entry_vdev = SM2_VDEV_DECODE(word);
1545 			entry_type = (SM2_TYPE_DECODE(extra_word) == SM_ALLOC) ?
1546 			    'A' : 'F';
1547 			entry_off = (SM2_OFFSET_DECODE(extra_word) <<
1548 			    mapshift) + sm->sm_start;
1549 			words = 2;
1550 		}
1551 
1552 		(void) printf("\t    [%6llu]    %c  range:"
1553 		    " %010llx-%010llx  size: %06llx vdev: %06llu words: %u\n",
1554 		    (u_longlong_t)entry_id,
1555 		    entry_type, (u_longlong_t)entry_off,
1556 		    (u_longlong_t)(entry_off + entry_run),
1557 		    (u_longlong_t)entry_run,
1558 		    (u_longlong_t)entry_vdev, words);
1559 
1560 		if (entry_type == 'A')
1561 			alloc += entry_run;
1562 		else
1563 			alloc -= entry_run;
1564 		entry_id++;
1565 	}
1566 	if (alloc != space_map_allocated(sm)) {
1567 		(void) printf("space_map_object alloc (%lld) INCONSISTENT "
1568 		    "with space map summary (%lld)\n",
1569 		    (longlong_t)space_map_allocated(sm), (longlong_t)alloc);
1570 	}
1571 }
1572 
1573 static void
1574 dump_metaslab_stats(metaslab_t *msp)
1575 {
1576 	char maxbuf[32];
1577 	range_tree_t *rt = msp->ms_allocatable;
1578 	zfs_btree_t *t = &msp->ms_allocatable_by_size;
1579 	int free_pct = range_tree_space(rt) * 100 / msp->ms_size;
1580 
1581 	/* max sure nicenum has enough space */
1582 	_Static_assert(sizeof (maxbuf) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "maxbuf truncated");
1583 
1584 	zdb_nicenum(metaslab_largest_allocatable(msp), maxbuf, sizeof (maxbuf));
1585 
1586 	(void) printf("\t %25s %10lu   %7s  %6s   %4s %4d%%\n",
1587 	    "segments", zfs_btree_numnodes(t), "maxsize", maxbuf,
1588 	    "freepct", free_pct);
1589 	(void) printf("\tIn-memory histogram:\n");
1590 	dump_histogram(rt->rt_histogram, RANGE_TREE_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
1591 }
1592 
1593 static void
1594 dump_metaslab(metaslab_t *msp)
1595 {
1596 	vdev_t *vd = msp->ms_group->mg_vd;
1597 	spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
1598 	space_map_t *sm = msp->ms_sm;
1599 	char freebuf[32];
1600 
1601 	zdb_nicenum(msp->ms_size - space_map_allocated(sm), freebuf,
1602 	    sizeof (freebuf));
1603 
1604 	(void) printf(
1605 	    "\tmetaslab %6llu   offset %12llx   spacemap %6llu   free    %5s\n",
1606 	    (u_longlong_t)msp->ms_id, (u_longlong_t)msp->ms_start,
1607 	    (u_longlong_t)space_map_object(sm), freebuf);
1608 
1609 	if (dump_opt['m'] > 2 && !dump_opt['L']) {
1610 		mutex_enter(&msp->ms_lock);
1611 		VERIFY0(metaslab_load(msp));
1612 		range_tree_stat_verify(msp->ms_allocatable);
1613 		dump_metaslab_stats(msp);
1614 		metaslab_unload(msp);
1615 		mutex_exit(&msp->ms_lock);
1616 	}
1617 
1618 	if (dump_opt['m'] > 1 && sm != NULL &&
1619 	    spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_SPACEMAP_HISTOGRAM)) {
1620 		/*
1621 		 * The space map histogram represents free space in chunks
1622 		 * of sm_shift (i.e. bucket 0 refers to 2^sm_shift).
1623 		 */
1624 		(void) printf("\tOn-disk histogram:\t\tfragmentation %llu\n",
1625 		    (u_longlong_t)msp->ms_fragmentation);
1626 		dump_histogram(sm->sm_phys->smp_histogram,
1627 		    SPACE_MAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, sm->sm_shift);
1628 	}
1629 
1630 	if (vd->vdev_ops == &vdev_draid_ops)
1631 		ASSERT3U(msp->ms_size, <=, 1ULL << vd->vdev_ms_shift);
1632 	else
1633 		ASSERT3U(msp->ms_size, ==, 1ULL << vd->vdev_ms_shift);
1634 
1635 	dump_spacemap(spa->spa_meta_objset, msp->ms_sm);
1636 
1637 	if (spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_LOG_SPACEMAP)) {
1638 		(void) printf("\tFlush data:\n\tunflushed txg=%llu\n\n",
1639 		    (u_longlong_t)metaslab_unflushed_txg(msp));
1640 	}
1641 }
1642 
1643 static void
1644 print_vdev_metaslab_header(vdev_t *vd)
1645 {
1646 	vdev_alloc_bias_t alloc_bias = vd->vdev_alloc_bias;
1647 	const char *bias_str = "";
1648 	if (alloc_bias == VDEV_BIAS_LOG || vd->vdev_islog) {
1649 		bias_str = VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_LOG;
1650 	} else if (alloc_bias == VDEV_BIAS_SPECIAL) {
1651 		bias_str = VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_SPECIAL;
1652 	} else if (alloc_bias == VDEV_BIAS_DEDUP) {
1653 		bias_str = VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_DEDUP;
1654 	}
1655 
1656 	uint64_t ms_flush_data_obj = 0;
1657 	if (vd->vdev_top_zap != 0) {
1658 		int error = zap_lookup(spa_meta_objset(vd->vdev_spa),
1659 		    vd->vdev_top_zap, VDEV_TOP_ZAP_MS_UNFLUSHED_PHYS_TXGS,
1660 		    sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &ms_flush_data_obj);
1661 		if (error != ENOENT) {
1662 			ASSERT0(error);
1663 		}
1664 	}
1665 
1666 	(void) printf("\tvdev %10llu   %s",
1667 	    (u_longlong_t)vd->vdev_id, bias_str);
1668 
1669 	if (ms_flush_data_obj != 0) {
1670 		(void) printf("   ms_unflushed_phys object %llu",
1671 		    (u_longlong_t)ms_flush_data_obj);
1672 	}
1673 
1674 	(void) printf("\n\t%-10s%5llu   %-19s   %-15s   %-12s\n",
1675 	    "metaslabs", (u_longlong_t)vd->vdev_ms_count,
1676 	    "offset", "spacemap", "free");
1677 	(void) printf("\t%15s   %19s   %15s   %12s\n",
1678 	    "---------------", "-------------------",
1679 	    "---------------", "------------");
1680 }
1681 
1682 static void
1683 dump_metaslab_groups(spa_t *spa, boolean_t show_special)
1684 {
1685 	vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
1686 	metaslab_class_t *mc = spa_normal_class(spa);
1687 	metaslab_class_t *smc = spa_special_class(spa);
1688 	uint64_t fragmentation;
1689 
1690 	metaslab_class_histogram_verify(mc);
1691 
1692 	for (unsigned c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
1693 		vdev_t *tvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
1694 		metaslab_group_t *mg = tvd->vdev_mg;
1695 
1696 		if (mg == NULL || (mg->mg_class != mc &&
1697 		    (!show_special || mg->mg_class != smc)))
1698 			continue;
1699 
1700 		metaslab_group_histogram_verify(mg);
1701 		mg->mg_fragmentation = metaslab_group_fragmentation(mg);
1702 
1703 		(void) printf("\tvdev %10llu\t\tmetaslabs%5llu\t\t"
1704 		    "fragmentation",
1705 		    (u_longlong_t)tvd->vdev_id,
1706 		    (u_longlong_t)tvd->vdev_ms_count);
1707 		if (mg->mg_fragmentation == ZFS_FRAG_INVALID) {
1708 			(void) printf("%3s\n", "-");
1709 		} else {
1710 			(void) printf("%3llu%%\n",
1711 			    (u_longlong_t)mg->mg_fragmentation);
1712 		}
1713 		dump_histogram(mg->mg_histogram, RANGE_TREE_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
1714 	}
1715 
1716 	(void) printf("\tpool %s\tfragmentation", spa_name(spa));
1717 	fragmentation = metaslab_class_fragmentation(mc);
1718 	if (fragmentation == ZFS_FRAG_INVALID)
1719 		(void) printf("\t%3s\n", "-");
1720 	else
1721 		(void) printf("\t%3llu%%\n", (u_longlong_t)fragmentation);
1722 	dump_histogram(mc->mc_histogram, RANGE_TREE_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
1723 }
1724 
1725 static void
1726 print_vdev_indirect(vdev_t *vd)
1727 {
1728 	vdev_indirect_config_t *vic = &vd->vdev_indirect_config;
1729 	vdev_indirect_mapping_t *vim = vd->vdev_indirect_mapping;
1730 	vdev_indirect_births_t *vib = vd->vdev_indirect_births;
1731 
1732 	if (vim == NULL) {
1733 		ASSERT3P(vib, ==, NULL);
1734 		return;
1735 	}
1736 
1737 	ASSERT3U(vdev_indirect_mapping_object(vim), ==,
1738 	    vic->vic_mapping_object);
1739 	ASSERT3U(vdev_indirect_births_object(vib), ==,
1740 	    vic->vic_births_object);
1741 
1742 	(void) printf("indirect births obj %llu:\n",
1743 	    (longlong_t)vic->vic_births_object);
1744 	(void) printf("    vib_count = %llu\n",
1745 	    (longlong_t)vdev_indirect_births_count(vib));
1746 	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < vdev_indirect_births_count(vib); i++) {
1747 		vdev_indirect_birth_entry_phys_t *cur_vibe =
1748 		    &vib->vib_entries[i];
1749 		(void) printf("\toffset %llx -> txg %llu\n",
1750 		    (longlong_t)cur_vibe->vibe_offset,
1751 		    (longlong_t)cur_vibe->vibe_phys_birth_txg);
1752 	}
1753 	(void) printf("\n");
1754 
1755 	(void) printf("indirect mapping obj %llu:\n",
1756 	    (longlong_t)vic->vic_mapping_object);
1757 	(void) printf("    vim_max_offset = 0x%llx\n",
1758 	    (longlong_t)vdev_indirect_mapping_max_offset(vim));
1759 	(void) printf("    vim_bytes_mapped = 0x%llx\n",
1760 	    (longlong_t)vdev_indirect_mapping_bytes_mapped(vim));
1761 	(void) printf("    vim_count = %llu\n",
1762 	    (longlong_t)vdev_indirect_mapping_num_entries(vim));
1763 
1764 	if (dump_opt['d'] <= 5 && dump_opt['m'] <= 3)
1765 		return;
1766 
1767 	uint32_t *counts = vdev_indirect_mapping_load_obsolete_counts(vim);
1768 
1769 	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < vdev_indirect_mapping_num_entries(vim); i++) {
1770 		vdev_indirect_mapping_entry_phys_t *vimep =
1771 		    &vim->vim_entries[i];
1772 		(void) printf("\t<%llx:%llx:%llx> -> "
1773 		    "<%llx:%llx:%llx> (%x obsolete)\n",
1774 		    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_id,
1775 		    (longlong_t)DVA_MAPPING_GET_SRC_OFFSET(vimep),
1776 		    (longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&vimep->vimep_dst),
1777 		    (longlong_t)DVA_GET_VDEV(&vimep->vimep_dst),
1778 		    (longlong_t)DVA_GET_OFFSET(&vimep->vimep_dst),
1779 		    (longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&vimep->vimep_dst),
1780 		    counts[i]);
1781 	}
1782 	(void) printf("\n");
1783 
1784 	uint64_t obsolete_sm_object;
1785 	VERIFY0(vdev_obsolete_sm_object(vd, &obsolete_sm_object));
1786 	if (obsolete_sm_object != 0) {
1787 		objset_t *mos = vd->vdev_spa->spa_meta_objset;
1788 		(void) printf("obsolete space map object %llu:\n",
1789 		    (u_longlong_t)obsolete_sm_object);
1790 		ASSERT(vd->vdev_obsolete_sm != NULL);
1791 		ASSERT3U(space_map_object(vd->vdev_obsolete_sm), ==,
1792 		    obsolete_sm_object);
1793 		dump_spacemap(mos, vd->vdev_obsolete_sm);
1794 		(void) printf("\n");
1795 	}
1796 }
1797 
1798 static void
1799 dump_metaslabs(spa_t *spa)
1800 {
1801 	vdev_t *vd, *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
1802 	uint64_t m, c = 0, children = rvd->vdev_children;
1803 
1804 	(void) printf("\nMetaslabs:\n");
1805 
1806 	if (!dump_opt['d'] && zopt_metaslab_args > 0) {
1807 		c = zopt_metaslab[0];
1808 
1809 		if (c >= children)
1810 			(void) fatal("bad vdev id: %llu", (u_longlong_t)c);
1811 
1812 		if (zopt_metaslab_args > 1) {
1813 			vd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
1814 			print_vdev_metaslab_header(vd);
1815 
1816 			for (m = 1; m < zopt_metaslab_args; m++) {
1817 				if (zopt_metaslab[m] < vd->vdev_ms_count)
1818 					dump_metaslab(
1819 					    vd->vdev_ms[zopt_metaslab[m]]);
1820 				else
1821 					(void) fprintf(stderr, "bad metaslab "
1822 					    "number %llu\n",
1823 					    (u_longlong_t)zopt_metaslab[m]);
1824 			}
1825 			(void) printf("\n");
1826 			return;
1827 		}
1828 		children = c + 1;
1829 	}
1830 	for (; c < children; c++) {
1831 		vd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
1832 		print_vdev_metaslab_header(vd);
1833 
1834 		print_vdev_indirect(vd);
1835 
1836 		for (m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++)
1837 			dump_metaslab(vd->vdev_ms[m]);
1838 		(void) printf("\n");
1839 	}
1840 }
1841 
1842 static void
1843 dump_log_spacemaps(spa_t *spa)
1844 {
1845 	if (!spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_LOG_SPACEMAP))
1846 		return;
1847 
1848 	(void) printf("\nLog Space Maps in Pool:\n");
1849 	for (spa_log_sm_t *sls = avl_first(&spa->spa_sm_logs_by_txg);
1850 	    sls; sls = AVL_NEXT(&spa->spa_sm_logs_by_txg, sls)) {
1851 		space_map_t *sm = NULL;
1852 		VERIFY0(space_map_open(&sm, spa_meta_objset(spa),
1853 		    sls->sls_sm_obj, 0, UINT64_MAX, SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT));
1854 
1855 		(void) printf("Log Spacemap object %llu txg %llu\n",
1856 		    (u_longlong_t)sls->sls_sm_obj, (u_longlong_t)sls->sls_txg);
1857 		dump_spacemap(spa->spa_meta_objset, sm);
1858 		space_map_close(sm);
1859 	}
1860 	(void) printf("\n");
1861 }
1862 
1863 static void
1864 dump_dde(const ddt_t *ddt, const ddt_entry_t *dde, uint64_t index)
1865 {
1866 	const ddt_phys_t *ddp = dde->dde_phys;
1867 	const ddt_key_t *ddk = &dde->dde_key;
1868 	const char *types[4] = { "ditto", "single", "double", "triple" };
1869 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
1870 	blkptr_t blk;
1871 	int p;
1872 
1873 	for (p = 0; p < DDT_PHYS_TYPES; p++, ddp++) {
1874 		if (ddp->ddp_phys_birth == 0)
1875 			continue;
1876 		ddt_bp_create(ddt->ddt_checksum, ddk, ddp, &blk);
1877 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), &blk);
1878 		(void) printf("index %llx refcnt %llu %s %s\n",
1879 		    (u_longlong_t)index, (u_longlong_t)ddp->ddp_refcnt,
1880 		    types[p], blkbuf);
1881 	}
1882 }
1883 
1884 static void
1885 dump_dedup_ratio(const ddt_stat_t *dds)
1886 {
1887 	double rL, rP, rD, D, dedup, compress, copies;
1888 
1889 	if (dds->dds_blocks == 0)
1890 		return;
1891 
1892 	rL = (double)dds->dds_ref_lsize;
1893 	rP = (double)dds->dds_ref_psize;
1894 	rD = (double)dds->dds_ref_dsize;
1895 	D = (double)dds->dds_dsize;
1896 
1897 	dedup = rD / D;
1898 	compress = rL / rP;
1899 	copies = rD / rP;
1900 
1901 	(void) printf("dedup = %.2f, compress = %.2f, copies = %.2f, "
1902 	    "dedup * compress / copies = %.2f\n\n",
1903 	    dedup, compress, copies, dedup * compress / copies);
1904 }
1905 
1906 static void
1907 dump_ddt(ddt_t *ddt, enum ddt_type type, enum ddt_class class)
1908 {
1909 	char name[DDT_NAMELEN];
1910 	ddt_entry_t dde;
1911 	uint64_t walk = 0;
1912 	dmu_object_info_t doi;
1913 	uint64_t count, dspace, mspace;
1914 	int error;
1915 
1916 	error = ddt_object_info(ddt, type, class, &doi);
1917 
1918 	if (error == ENOENT)
1919 		return;
1920 	ASSERT(error == 0);
1921 
1922 	error = ddt_object_count(ddt, type, class, &count);
1923 	ASSERT(error == 0);
1924 	if (count == 0)
1925 		return;
1926 
1927 	dspace = doi.doi_physical_blocks_512 << 9;
1928 	mspace = doi.doi_fill_count * doi.doi_data_block_size;
1929 
1930 	ddt_object_name(ddt, type, class, name);
1931 
1932 	(void) printf("%s: %llu entries, size %llu on disk, %llu in core\n",
1933 	    name,
1934 	    (u_longlong_t)count,
1935 	    (u_longlong_t)(dspace / count),
1936 	    (u_longlong_t)(mspace / count));
1937 
1938 	if (dump_opt['D'] < 3)
1939 		return;
1940 
1941 	zpool_dump_ddt(NULL, &ddt->ddt_histogram[type][class]);
1942 
1943 	if (dump_opt['D'] < 4)
1944 		return;
1945 
1946 	if (dump_opt['D'] < 5 && class == DDT_CLASS_UNIQUE)
1947 		return;
1948 
1949 	(void) printf("%s contents:\n\n", name);
1950 
1951 	while ((error = ddt_object_walk(ddt, type, class, &walk, &dde)) == 0)
1952 		dump_dde(ddt, &dde, walk);
1953 
1954 	ASSERT3U(error, ==, ENOENT);
1955 
1956 	(void) printf("\n");
1957 }
1958 
1959 static void
1960 dump_all_ddts(spa_t *spa)
1961 {
1962 	ddt_histogram_t ddh_total = {{{0}}};
1963 	ddt_stat_t dds_total = {0};
1964 
1965 	for (enum zio_checksum c = 0; c < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS; c++) {
1966 		ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[c];
1967 		for (enum ddt_type type = 0; type < DDT_TYPES; type++) {
1968 			for (enum ddt_class class = 0; class < DDT_CLASSES;
1969 			    class++) {
1970 				dump_ddt(ddt, type, class);
1971 			}
1972 		}
1973 	}
1974 
1975 	ddt_get_dedup_stats(spa, &dds_total);
1976 
1977 	if (dds_total.dds_blocks == 0) {
1978 		(void) printf("All DDTs are empty\n");
1979 		return;
1980 	}
1981 
1982 	(void) printf("\n");
1983 
1984 	if (dump_opt['D'] > 1) {
1985 		(void) printf("DDT histogram (aggregated over all DDTs):\n");
1986 		ddt_get_dedup_histogram(spa, &ddh_total);
1987 		zpool_dump_ddt(&dds_total, &ddh_total);
1988 	}
1989 
1990 	dump_dedup_ratio(&dds_total);
1991 }
1992 
1993 static void
1994 dump_brt(spa_t *spa)
1995 {
1996 	if (!spa_feature_is_enabled(spa, SPA_FEATURE_BLOCK_CLONING)) {
1997 		printf("BRT: unsupported on this pool\n");
1998 		return;
1999 	}
2000 
2001 	if (!spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_BLOCK_CLONING)) {
2002 		printf("BRT: empty\n");
2003 		return;
2004 	}
2005 
2006 	brt_t *brt = spa->spa_brt;
2007 	VERIFY(brt);
2008 
2009 	char count[32], used[32], saved[32];
2010 	zdb_nicebytes(brt_get_used(spa), used, sizeof (used));
2011 	zdb_nicebytes(brt_get_saved(spa), saved, sizeof (saved));
2012 	uint64_t ratio = brt_get_ratio(spa);
2013 	printf("BRT: used %s; saved %s; ratio %llu.%02llux\n", used, saved,
2014 	    (u_longlong_t)(ratio / 100), (u_longlong_t)(ratio % 100));
2015 
2016 	if (dump_opt['T'] < 2)
2017 		return;
2018 
2019 	for (uint64_t vdevid = 0; vdevid < brt->brt_nvdevs; vdevid++) {
2020 		brt_vdev_t *brtvd = &brt->brt_vdevs[vdevid];
2021 		if (brtvd == NULL)
2022 			continue;
2023 
2024 		if (!brtvd->bv_initiated) {
2025 			printf("BRT: vdev %" PRIu64 ": empty\n", vdevid);
2026 			continue;
2027 		}
2028 
2029 		zdb_nicenum(brtvd->bv_totalcount, count, sizeof (count));
2030 		zdb_nicebytes(brtvd->bv_usedspace, used, sizeof (used));
2031 		zdb_nicebytes(brtvd->bv_savedspace, saved, sizeof (saved));
2032 		printf("BRT: vdev %" PRIu64 ": refcnt %s; used %s; saved %s\n",
2033 		    vdevid, count, used, saved);
2034 	}
2035 
2036 	if (dump_opt['T'] < 3)
2037 		return;
2038 
2039 	char dva[64];
2040 	printf("\n%-16s %-10s\n", "DVA", "REFCNT");
2041 
2042 	for (uint64_t vdevid = 0; vdevid < brt->brt_nvdevs; vdevid++) {
2043 		brt_vdev_t *brtvd = &brt->brt_vdevs[vdevid];
2044 		if (brtvd == NULL || !brtvd->bv_initiated)
2045 			continue;
2046 
2047 		zap_cursor_t zc;
2048 		zap_attribute_t za;
2049 		for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, brt->brt_mos, brtvd->bv_mos_entries);
2050 		    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &za) == 0;
2051 		    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
2052 			uint64_t offset = *(uint64_t *)za.za_name;
2053 			uint64_t refcnt = za.za_first_integer;
2054 
2055 			snprintf(dva, sizeof (dva), "%" PRIu64 ":%llx", vdevid,
2056 			    (u_longlong_t)offset);
2057 			printf("%-16s %-10llu\n", dva, (u_longlong_t)refcnt);
2058 		}
2059 		zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
2060 	}
2061 }
2062 
2063 static void
2064 dump_dtl_seg(void *arg, uint64_t start, uint64_t size)
2065 {
2066 	char *prefix = arg;
2067 
2068 	(void) printf("%s [%llu,%llu) length %llu\n",
2069 	    prefix,
2070 	    (u_longlong_t)start,
2071 	    (u_longlong_t)(start + size),
2072 	    (u_longlong_t)(size));
2073 }
2074 
2075 static void
2076 dump_dtl(vdev_t *vd, int indent)
2077 {
2078 	spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
2079 	boolean_t required;
2080 	const char *name[DTL_TYPES] = { "missing", "partial", "scrub",
2081 		"outage" };
2082 	char prefix[256];
2083 
2084 	spa_vdev_state_enter(spa, SCL_NONE);
2085 	required = vdev_dtl_required(vd);
2086 	(void) spa_vdev_state_exit(spa, NULL, 0);
2087 
2088 	if (indent == 0)
2089 		(void) printf("\nDirty time logs:\n\n");
2090 
2091 	(void) printf("\t%*s%s [%s]\n", indent, "",
2092 	    vd->vdev_path ? vd->vdev_path :
2093 	    vd->vdev_parent ? vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_type : spa_name(spa),
2094 	    required ? "DTL-required" : "DTL-expendable");
2095 
2096 	for (int t = 0; t < DTL_TYPES; t++) {
2097 		range_tree_t *rt = vd->vdev_dtl[t];
2098 		if (range_tree_space(rt) == 0)
2099 			continue;
2100 		(void) snprintf(prefix, sizeof (prefix), "\t%*s%s",
2101 		    indent + 2, "", name[t]);
2102 		range_tree_walk(rt, dump_dtl_seg, prefix);
2103 		if (dump_opt['d'] > 5 && vd->vdev_children == 0)
2104 			dump_spacemap(spa->spa_meta_objset,
2105 			    vd->vdev_dtl_sm);
2106 	}
2107 
2108 	for (unsigned c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
2109 		dump_dtl(vd->vdev_child[c], indent + 4);
2110 }
2111 
2112 static void
2113 dump_history(spa_t *spa)
2114 {
2115 	nvlist_t **events = NULL;
2116 	char *buf;
2117 	uint64_t resid, len, off = 0;
2118 	uint_t num = 0;
2119 	int error;
2120 	char tbuf[30];
2121 
2122 	if ((buf = malloc(SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE)) == NULL) {
2123 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: unable to allocate I/O buffer\n",
2124 		    __func__);
2125 		return;
2126 	}
2127 
2128 	do {
2129 		len = SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE;
2130 
2131 		if ((error = spa_history_get(spa, &off, &len, buf)) != 0) {
2132 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "Unable to read history: "
2133 			    "error %d\n", error);
2134 			free(buf);
2135 			return;
2136 		}
2137 
2138 		if (zpool_history_unpack(buf, len, &resid, &events, &num) != 0)
2139 			break;
2140 
2141 		off -= resid;
2142 	} while (len != 0);
2143 
2144 	(void) printf("\nHistory:\n");
2145 	for (unsigned i = 0; i < num; i++) {
2146 		boolean_t printed = B_FALSE;
2147 
2148 		if (nvlist_exists(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_TIME)) {
2149 			time_t tsec;
2150 			struct tm t;
2151 
2152 			tsec = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(events[i],
2153 			    ZPOOL_HIST_TIME);
2154 			(void) localtime_r(&tsec, &t);
2155 			(void) strftime(tbuf, sizeof (tbuf), "%F.%T", &t);
2156 		} else {
2157 			tbuf[0] = '\0';
2158 		}
2159 
2160 		if (nvlist_exists(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_CMD)) {
2161 			(void) printf("%s %s\n", tbuf,
2162 			    fnvlist_lookup_string(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_CMD));
2163 		} else if (nvlist_exists(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_INT_EVENT)) {
2164 			uint64_t ievent;
2165 
2166 			ievent = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(events[i],
2167 			    ZPOOL_HIST_INT_EVENT);
2168 			if (ievent >= ZFS_NUM_LEGACY_HISTORY_EVENTS)
2169 				goto next;
2170 
2171 			(void) printf(" %s [internal %s txg:%ju] %s\n",
2172 			    tbuf,
2173 			    zfs_history_event_names[ievent],
2174 			    fnvlist_lookup_uint64(events[i],
2175 			    ZPOOL_HIST_TXG),
2176 			    fnvlist_lookup_string(events[i],
2177 			    ZPOOL_HIST_INT_STR));
2178 		} else if (nvlist_exists(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_INT_NAME)) {
2179 			(void) printf("%s [txg:%ju] %s", tbuf,
2180 			    fnvlist_lookup_uint64(events[i],
2181 			    ZPOOL_HIST_TXG),
2182 			    fnvlist_lookup_string(events[i],
2183 			    ZPOOL_HIST_INT_NAME));
2184 
2185 			if (nvlist_exists(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_DSNAME)) {
2186 				(void) printf(" %s (%llu)",
2187 				    fnvlist_lookup_string(events[i],
2188 				    ZPOOL_HIST_DSNAME),
2189 				    (u_longlong_t)fnvlist_lookup_uint64(
2190 				    events[i],
2191 				    ZPOOL_HIST_DSID));
2192 			}
2193 
2194 			(void) printf(" %s\n", fnvlist_lookup_string(events[i],
2195 			    ZPOOL_HIST_INT_STR));
2196 		} else if (nvlist_exists(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_IOCTL)) {
2197 			(void) printf("%s ioctl %s\n", tbuf,
2198 			    fnvlist_lookup_string(events[i],
2199 			    ZPOOL_HIST_IOCTL));
2200 
2201 			if (nvlist_exists(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_INPUT_NVL)) {
2202 				(void) printf("    input:\n");
2203 				dump_nvlist(fnvlist_lookup_nvlist(events[i],
2204 				    ZPOOL_HIST_INPUT_NVL), 8);
2205 			}
2206 			if (nvlist_exists(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_OUTPUT_NVL)) {
2207 				(void) printf("    output:\n");
2208 				dump_nvlist(fnvlist_lookup_nvlist(events[i],
2209 				    ZPOOL_HIST_OUTPUT_NVL), 8);
2210 			}
2211 			if (nvlist_exists(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_ERRNO)) {
2212 				(void) printf("    errno: %lld\n",
2213 				    (longlong_t)fnvlist_lookup_int64(events[i],
2214 				    ZPOOL_HIST_ERRNO));
2215 			}
2216 		} else {
2217 			goto next;
2218 		}
2219 
2220 		printed = B_TRUE;
2221 next:
2222 		if (dump_opt['h'] > 1) {
2223 			if (!printed)
2224 				(void) printf("unrecognized record:\n");
2225 			dump_nvlist(events[i], 2);
2226 		}
2227 	}
2228 	free(buf);
2229 }
2230 
2231 static void
2232 dump_dnode(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
2233 {
2234 	(void) os, (void) object, (void) data, (void) size;
2235 }
2236 
2237 static uint64_t
2238 blkid2offset(const dnode_phys_t *dnp, const blkptr_t *bp,
2239     const zbookmark_phys_t *zb)
2240 {
2241 	if (dnp == NULL) {
2242 		ASSERT(zb->zb_level < 0);
2243 		if (zb->zb_object == 0)
2244 			return (zb->zb_blkid);
2245 		return (zb->zb_blkid * BP_GET_LSIZE(bp));
2246 	}
2247 
2248 	ASSERT(zb->zb_level >= 0);
2249 
2250 	return ((zb->zb_blkid <<
2251 	    (zb->zb_level * (dnp->dn_indblkshift - SPA_BLKPTRSHIFT))) *
2252 	    dnp->dn_datablkszsec << SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT);
2253 }
2254 
2255 static void
2256 snprintf_zstd_header(spa_t *spa, char *blkbuf, size_t buflen,
2257     const blkptr_t *bp)
2258 {
2259 	static abd_t *pabd = NULL;
2260 	void *buf;
2261 	zio_t *zio;
2262 	zfs_zstdhdr_t zstd_hdr;
2263 	int error;
2264 
2265 	if (BP_GET_COMPRESS(bp) != ZIO_COMPRESS_ZSTD)
2266 		return;
2267 
2268 	if (BP_IS_HOLE(bp))
2269 		return;
2270 
2271 	if (BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp)) {
2272 		buf = malloc(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
2273 		if (buf == NULL) {
2274 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "out of memory\n");
2275 			exit(1);
2276 		}
2277 		decode_embedded_bp_compressed(bp, buf);
2278 		memcpy(&zstd_hdr, buf, sizeof (zstd_hdr));
2279 		free(buf);
2280 		zstd_hdr.c_len = BE_32(zstd_hdr.c_len);
2281 		zstd_hdr.raw_version_level = BE_32(zstd_hdr.raw_version_level);
2282 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
2283 		    buflen - strlen(blkbuf),
2284 		    " ZSTD:size=%u:version=%u:level=%u:EMBEDDED",
2285 		    zstd_hdr.c_len, zfs_get_hdrversion(&zstd_hdr),
2286 		    zfs_get_hdrlevel(&zstd_hdr));
2287 		return;
2288 	}
2289 
2290 	if (!pabd)
2291 		pabd = abd_alloc_for_io(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, B_FALSE);
2292 	zio = zio_root(spa, NULL, NULL, 0);
2293 
2294 	/* Decrypt but don't decompress so we can read the compression header */
2295 	zio_nowait(zio_read(zio, spa, bp, pabd, BP_GET_PSIZE(bp), NULL, NULL,
2296 	    ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_READ, ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_RAW_COMPRESS,
2297 	    NULL));
2298 	error = zio_wait(zio);
2299 	if (error) {
2300 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "read failed: %d\n", error);
2301 		return;
2302 	}
2303 	buf = abd_borrow_buf_copy(pabd, BP_GET_LSIZE(bp));
2304 	memcpy(&zstd_hdr, buf, sizeof (zstd_hdr));
2305 	zstd_hdr.c_len = BE_32(zstd_hdr.c_len);
2306 	zstd_hdr.raw_version_level = BE_32(zstd_hdr.raw_version_level);
2307 
2308 	(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
2309 	    buflen - strlen(blkbuf),
2310 	    " ZSTD:size=%u:version=%u:level=%u:NORMAL",
2311 	    zstd_hdr.c_len, zfs_get_hdrversion(&zstd_hdr),
2312 	    zfs_get_hdrlevel(&zstd_hdr));
2313 
2314 	abd_return_buf_copy(pabd, buf, BP_GET_LSIZE(bp));
2315 }
2316 
2317 static void
2318 snprintf_blkptr_compact(char *blkbuf, size_t buflen, const blkptr_t *bp,
2319     boolean_t bp_freed)
2320 {
2321 	const dva_t *dva = bp->blk_dva;
2322 	int ndvas = dump_opt['d'] > 5 ? BP_GET_NDVAS(bp) : 1;
2323 	int i;
2324 
2325 	if (dump_opt['b'] >= 6) {
2326 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, buflen, bp);
2327 		if (bp_freed) {
2328 			(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
2329 			    buflen - strlen(blkbuf), " %s", "FREE");
2330 		}
2331 		return;
2332 	}
2333 
2334 	if (BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp)) {
2335 		(void) sprintf(blkbuf,
2336 		    "EMBEDDED et=%u %llxL/%llxP B=%llu",
2337 		    (int)BPE_GET_ETYPE(bp),
2338 		    (u_longlong_t)BPE_GET_LSIZE(bp),
2339 		    (u_longlong_t)BPE_GET_PSIZE(bp),
2340 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_birth);
2341 		return;
2342 	}
2343 
2344 	blkbuf[0] = '\0';
2345 
2346 	for (i = 0; i < ndvas; i++)
2347 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
2348 		    buflen - strlen(blkbuf), "%llu:%llx:%llx ",
2349 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_VDEV(&dva[i]),
2350 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_OFFSET(&dva[i]),
2351 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&dva[i]));
2352 
2353 	if (BP_IS_HOLE(bp)) {
2354 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
2355 		    buflen - strlen(blkbuf),
2356 		    "%llxL B=%llu",
2357 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_LSIZE(bp),
2358 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_birth);
2359 	} else {
2360 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
2361 		    buflen - strlen(blkbuf),
2362 		    "%llxL/%llxP F=%llu B=%llu/%llu",
2363 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_LSIZE(bp),
2364 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_PSIZE(bp),
2365 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_FILL(bp),
2366 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_birth,
2367 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_PHYSICAL_BIRTH(bp));
2368 		if (bp_freed)
2369 			(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
2370 			    buflen - strlen(blkbuf), " %s", "FREE");
2371 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
2372 		    buflen - strlen(blkbuf),
2373 		    " cksum=%016llx:%016llx:%016llx:%016llx",
2374 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_cksum.zc_word[0],
2375 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_cksum.zc_word[1],
2376 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_cksum.zc_word[2],
2377 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_cksum.zc_word[3]);
2378 	}
2379 }
2380 
2381 static void
2382 print_indirect(spa_t *spa, blkptr_t *bp, const zbookmark_phys_t *zb,
2383     const dnode_phys_t *dnp)
2384 {
2385 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
2386 	int l;
2387 
2388 	if (!BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp)) {
2389 		ASSERT3U(BP_GET_TYPE(bp), ==, dnp->dn_type);
2390 		ASSERT3U(BP_GET_LEVEL(bp), ==, zb->zb_level);
2391 	}
2392 
2393 	(void) printf("%16llx ", (u_longlong_t)blkid2offset(dnp, bp, zb));
2394 
2395 	ASSERT(zb->zb_level >= 0);
2396 
2397 	for (l = dnp->dn_nlevels - 1; l >= -1; l--) {
2398 		if (l == zb->zb_level) {
2399 			(void) printf("L%llx", (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_level);
2400 		} else {
2401 			(void) printf(" ");
2402 		}
2403 	}
2404 
2405 	snprintf_blkptr_compact(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp, B_FALSE);
2406 	if (dump_opt['Z'] && BP_GET_COMPRESS(bp) == ZIO_COMPRESS_ZSTD)
2407 		snprintf_zstd_header(spa, blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
2408 	(void) printf("%s\n", blkbuf);
2409 }
2410 
2411 static int
2412 visit_indirect(spa_t *spa, const dnode_phys_t *dnp,
2413     blkptr_t *bp, const zbookmark_phys_t *zb)
2414 {
2415 	int err = 0;
2416 
2417 	if (bp->blk_birth == 0)
2418 		return (0);
2419 
2420 	print_indirect(spa, bp, zb, dnp);
2421 
2422 	if (BP_GET_LEVEL(bp) > 0 && !BP_IS_HOLE(bp)) {
2423 		arc_flags_t flags = ARC_FLAG_WAIT;
2424 		int i;
2425 		blkptr_t *cbp;
2426 		int epb = BP_GET_LSIZE(bp) >> SPA_BLKPTRSHIFT;
2427 		arc_buf_t *buf;
2428 		uint64_t fill = 0;
2429 		ASSERT(!BP_IS_REDACTED(bp));
2430 
2431 		err = arc_read(NULL, spa, bp, arc_getbuf_func, &buf,
2432 		    ZIO_PRIORITY_ASYNC_READ, ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL, &flags, zb);
2433 		if (err)
2434 			return (err);
2435 		ASSERT(buf->b_data);
2436 
2437 		/* recursively visit blocks below this */
2438 		cbp = buf->b_data;
2439 		for (i = 0; i < epb; i++, cbp++) {
2440 			zbookmark_phys_t czb;
2441 
2442 			SET_BOOKMARK(&czb, zb->zb_objset, zb->zb_object,
2443 			    zb->zb_level - 1,
2444 			    zb->zb_blkid * epb + i);
2445 			err = visit_indirect(spa, dnp, cbp, &czb);
2446 			if (err)
2447 				break;
2448 			fill += BP_GET_FILL(cbp);
2449 		}
2450 		if (!err)
2451 			ASSERT3U(fill, ==, BP_GET_FILL(bp));
2452 		arc_buf_destroy(buf, &buf);
2453 	}
2454 
2455 	return (err);
2456 }
2457 
2458 static void
2459 dump_indirect(dnode_t *dn)
2460 {
2461 	dnode_phys_t *dnp = dn->dn_phys;
2462 	zbookmark_phys_t czb;
2463 
2464 	(void) printf("Indirect blocks:\n");
2465 
2466 	SET_BOOKMARK(&czb, dmu_objset_id(dn->dn_objset),
2467 	    dn->dn_object, dnp->dn_nlevels - 1, 0);
2468 	for (int j = 0; j < dnp->dn_nblkptr; j++) {
2469 		czb.zb_blkid = j;
2470 		(void) visit_indirect(dmu_objset_spa(dn->dn_objset), dnp,
2471 		    &dnp->dn_blkptr[j], &czb);
2472 	}
2473 
2474 	(void) printf("\n");
2475 }
2476 
2477 static void
2478 dump_dsl_dir(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
2479 {
2480 	(void) os, (void) object;
2481 	dsl_dir_phys_t *dd = data;
2482 	time_t crtime;
2483 	char nice[32];
2484 
2485 	/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
2486 	_Static_assert(sizeof (nice) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "nice truncated");
2487 
2488 	if (dd == NULL)
2489 		return;
2490 
2491 	ASSERT3U(size, >=, sizeof (dsl_dir_phys_t));
2492 
2493 	crtime = dd->dd_creation_time;
2494 	(void) printf("\t\tcreation_time = %s", ctime(&crtime));
2495 	(void) printf("\t\thead_dataset_obj = %llu\n",
2496 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_head_dataset_obj);
2497 	(void) printf("\t\tparent_dir_obj = %llu\n",
2498 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_parent_obj);
2499 	(void) printf("\t\torigin_obj = %llu\n",
2500 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_origin_obj);
2501 	(void) printf("\t\tchild_dir_zapobj = %llu\n",
2502 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_child_dir_zapobj);
2503 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_used_bytes, nice, sizeof (nice));
2504 	(void) printf("\t\tused_bytes = %s\n", nice);
2505 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_compressed_bytes, nice, sizeof (nice));
2506 	(void) printf("\t\tcompressed_bytes = %s\n", nice);
2507 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_uncompressed_bytes, nice, sizeof (nice));
2508 	(void) printf("\t\tuncompressed_bytes = %s\n", nice);
2509 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_quota, nice, sizeof (nice));
2510 	(void) printf("\t\tquota = %s\n", nice);
2511 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_reserved, nice, sizeof (nice));
2512 	(void) printf("\t\treserved = %s\n", nice);
2513 	(void) printf("\t\tprops_zapobj = %llu\n",
2514 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_props_zapobj);
2515 	(void) printf("\t\tdeleg_zapobj = %llu\n",
2516 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_deleg_zapobj);
2517 	(void) printf("\t\tflags = %llx\n",
2518 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_flags);
2519 
2520 #define	DO(which) \
2521 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_used_breakdown[DD_USED_ ## which], nice, \
2522 	    sizeof (nice)); \
2523 	(void) printf("\t\tused_breakdown[" #which "] = %s\n", nice)
2524 	DO(HEAD);
2525 	DO(SNAP);
2526 	DO(CHILD);
2527 	DO(CHILD_RSRV);
2528 	DO(REFRSRV);
2529 #undef DO
2530 	(void) printf("\t\tclones = %llu\n",
2531 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_clones);
2532 }
2533 
2534 static void
2535 dump_dsl_dataset(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
2536 {
2537 	(void) os, (void) object;
2538 	dsl_dataset_phys_t *ds = data;
2539 	time_t crtime;
2540 	char used[32], compressed[32], uncompressed[32], unique[32];
2541 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
2542 
2543 	/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
2544 	_Static_assert(sizeof (used) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "used truncated");
2545 	_Static_assert(sizeof (compressed) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
2546 	    "compressed truncated");
2547 	_Static_assert(sizeof (uncompressed) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
2548 	    "uncompressed truncated");
2549 	_Static_assert(sizeof (unique) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "unique truncated");
2550 
2551 	if (ds == NULL)
2552 		return;
2553 
2554 	ASSERT(size == sizeof (*ds));
2555 	crtime = ds->ds_creation_time;
2556 	zdb_nicenum(ds->ds_referenced_bytes, used, sizeof (used));
2557 	zdb_nicenum(ds->ds_compressed_bytes, compressed, sizeof (compressed));
2558 	zdb_nicenum(ds->ds_uncompressed_bytes, uncompressed,
2559 	    sizeof (uncompressed));
2560 	zdb_nicenum(ds->ds_unique_bytes, unique, sizeof (unique));
2561 	snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), &ds->ds_bp);
2562 
2563 	(void) printf("\t\tdir_obj = %llu\n",
2564 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_dir_obj);
2565 	(void) printf("\t\tprev_snap_obj = %llu\n",
2566 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_prev_snap_obj);
2567 	(void) printf("\t\tprev_snap_txg = %llu\n",
2568 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_prev_snap_txg);
2569 	(void) printf("\t\tnext_snap_obj = %llu\n",
2570 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_next_snap_obj);
2571 	(void) printf("\t\tsnapnames_zapobj = %llu\n",
2572 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_snapnames_zapobj);
2573 	(void) printf("\t\tnum_children = %llu\n",
2574 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_num_children);
2575 	(void) printf("\t\tuserrefs_obj = %llu\n",
2576 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_userrefs_obj);
2577 	(void) printf("\t\tcreation_time = %s", ctime(&crtime));
2578 	(void) printf("\t\tcreation_txg = %llu\n",
2579 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_creation_txg);
2580 	(void) printf("\t\tdeadlist_obj = %llu\n",
2581 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_deadlist_obj);
2582 	(void) printf("\t\tused_bytes = %s\n", used);
2583 	(void) printf("\t\tcompressed_bytes = %s\n", compressed);
2584 	(void) printf("\t\tuncompressed_bytes = %s\n", uncompressed);
2585 	(void) printf("\t\tunique = %s\n", unique);
2586 	(void) printf("\t\tfsid_guid = %llu\n",
2587 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_fsid_guid);
2588 	(void) printf("\t\tguid = %llu\n",
2589 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_guid);
2590 	(void) printf("\t\tflags = %llx\n",
2591 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_flags);
2592 	(void) printf("\t\tnext_clones_obj = %llu\n",
2593 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_next_clones_obj);
2594 	(void) printf("\t\tprops_obj = %llu\n",
2595 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_props_obj);
2596 	(void) printf("\t\tbp = %s\n", blkbuf);
2597 }
2598 
2599 static int
2600 dump_bptree_cb(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, dmu_tx_t *tx)
2601 {
2602 	(void) arg, (void) tx;
2603 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
2604 
2605 	if (bp->blk_birth != 0) {
2606 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
2607 		(void) printf("\t%s\n", blkbuf);
2608 	}
2609 	return (0);
2610 }
2611 
2612 static void
2613 dump_bptree(objset_t *os, uint64_t obj, const char *name)
2614 {
2615 	char bytes[32];
2616 	bptree_phys_t *bt;
2617 	dmu_buf_t *db;
2618 
2619 	/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
2620 	_Static_assert(sizeof (bytes) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "bytes truncated");
2621 
2622 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 3)
2623 		return;
2624 
2625 	VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, obj, FTAG, &db));
2626 	bt = db->db_data;
2627 	zdb_nicenum(bt->bt_bytes, bytes, sizeof (bytes));
2628 	(void) printf("\n    %s: %llu datasets, %s\n",
2629 	    name, (unsigned long long)(bt->bt_end - bt->bt_begin), bytes);
2630 	dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
2631 
2632 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 5)
2633 		return;
2634 
2635 	(void) printf("\n");
2636 
2637 	(void) bptree_iterate(os, obj, B_FALSE, dump_bptree_cb, NULL, NULL);
2638 }
2639 
2640 static int
2641 dump_bpobj_cb(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, boolean_t bp_freed, dmu_tx_t *tx)
2642 {
2643 	(void) arg, (void) tx;
2644 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
2645 
2646 	ASSERT(bp->blk_birth != 0);
2647 	snprintf_blkptr_compact(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp, bp_freed);
2648 	(void) printf("\t%s\n", blkbuf);
2649 	return (0);
2650 }
2651 
2652 static void
2653 dump_full_bpobj(bpobj_t *bpo, const char *name, int indent)
2654 {
2655 	char bytes[32];
2656 	char comp[32];
2657 	char uncomp[32];
2658 	uint64_t i;
2659 
2660 	/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
2661 	_Static_assert(sizeof (bytes) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "bytes truncated");
2662 	_Static_assert(sizeof (comp) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "comp truncated");
2663 	_Static_assert(sizeof (uncomp) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "uncomp truncated");
2664 
2665 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 3)
2666 		return;
2667 
2668 	zdb_nicenum(bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_bytes, bytes, sizeof (bytes));
2669 	if (bpo->bpo_havesubobj && bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs != 0) {
2670 		zdb_nicenum(bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_comp, comp, sizeof (comp));
2671 		zdb_nicenum(bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_uncomp, uncomp, sizeof (uncomp));
2672 		if (bpo->bpo_havefreed) {
2673 			(void) printf("    %*s: object %llu, %llu local "
2674 			    "blkptrs, %llu freed, %llu subobjs in object %llu, "
2675 			    "%s (%s/%s comp)\n",
2676 			    indent * 8, name,
2677 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_object,
2678 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_blkptrs,
2679 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_freed,
2680 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_subobjs,
2681 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs,
2682 			    bytes, comp, uncomp);
2683 		} else {
2684 			(void) printf("    %*s: object %llu, %llu local "
2685 			    "blkptrs, %llu subobjs in object %llu, "
2686 			    "%s (%s/%s comp)\n",
2687 			    indent * 8, name,
2688 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_object,
2689 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_blkptrs,
2690 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_subobjs,
2691 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs,
2692 			    bytes, comp, uncomp);
2693 		}
2694 
2695 		for (i = 0; i < bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_subobjs; i++) {
2696 			uint64_t subobj;
2697 			bpobj_t subbpo;
2698 			int error;
2699 			VERIFY0(dmu_read(bpo->bpo_os,
2700 			    bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs,
2701 			    i * sizeof (subobj), sizeof (subobj), &subobj, 0));
2702 			error = bpobj_open(&subbpo, bpo->bpo_os, subobj);
2703 			if (error != 0) {
2704 				(void) printf("ERROR %u while trying to open "
2705 				    "subobj id %llu\n",
2706 				    error, (u_longlong_t)subobj);
2707 				continue;
2708 			}
2709 			dump_full_bpobj(&subbpo, "subobj", indent + 1);
2710 			bpobj_close(&subbpo);
2711 		}
2712 	} else {
2713 		if (bpo->bpo_havefreed) {
2714 			(void) printf("    %*s: object %llu, %llu blkptrs, "
2715 			    "%llu freed, %s\n",
2716 			    indent * 8, name,
2717 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_object,
2718 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_blkptrs,
2719 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_freed,
2720 			    bytes);
2721 		} else {
2722 			(void) printf("    %*s: object %llu, %llu blkptrs, "
2723 			    "%s\n",
2724 			    indent * 8, name,
2725 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_object,
2726 			    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_blkptrs,
2727 			    bytes);
2728 		}
2729 	}
2730 
2731 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 5)
2732 		return;
2733 
2734 
2735 	if (indent == 0) {
2736 		(void) bpobj_iterate_nofree(bpo, dump_bpobj_cb, NULL, NULL);
2737 		(void) printf("\n");
2738 	}
2739 }
2740 
2741 static int
2742 dump_bookmark(dsl_pool_t *dp, char *name, boolean_t print_redact,
2743     boolean_t print_list)
2744 {
2745 	int err = 0;
2746 	zfs_bookmark_phys_t prop;
2747 	objset_t *mos = dp->dp_spa->spa_meta_objset;
2748 	err = dsl_bookmark_lookup(dp, name, NULL, &prop);
2749 
2750 	if (err != 0) {
2751 		return (err);
2752 	}
2753 
2754 	(void) printf("\t#%s: ", strchr(name, '#') + 1);
2755 	(void) printf("{guid: %llx creation_txg: %llu creation_time: "
2756 	    "%llu redaction_obj: %llu}\n", (u_longlong_t)prop.zbm_guid,
2757 	    (u_longlong_t)prop.zbm_creation_txg,
2758 	    (u_longlong_t)prop.zbm_creation_time,
2759 	    (u_longlong_t)prop.zbm_redaction_obj);
2760 
2761 	IMPLY(print_list, print_redact);
2762 	if (!print_redact || prop.zbm_redaction_obj == 0)
2763 		return (0);
2764 
2765 	redaction_list_t *rl;
2766 	VERIFY0(dsl_redaction_list_hold_obj(dp,
2767 	    prop.zbm_redaction_obj, FTAG, &rl));
2768 
2769 	redaction_list_phys_t *rlp = rl->rl_phys;
2770 	(void) printf("\tRedacted:\n\t\tProgress: ");
2771 	if (rlp->rlp_last_object != UINT64_MAX ||
2772 	    rlp->rlp_last_blkid != UINT64_MAX) {
2773 		(void) printf("%llu %llu (incomplete)\n",
2774 		    (u_longlong_t)rlp->rlp_last_object,
2775 		    (u_longlong_t)rlp->rlp_last_blkid);
2776 	} else {
2777 		(void) printf("complete\n");
2778 	}
2779 	(void) printf("\t\tSnapshots: [");
2780 	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < rlp->rlp_num_snaps; i++) {
2781 		if (i > 0)
2782 			(void) printf(", ");
2783 		(void) printf("%0llu",
2784 		    (u_longlong_t)rlp->rlp_snaps[i]);
2785 	}
2786 	(void) printf("]\n\t\tLength: %llu\n",
2787 	    (u_longlong_t)rlp->rlp_num_entries);
2788 
2789 	if (!print_list) {
2790 		dsl_redaction_list_rele(rl, FTAG);
2791 		return (0);
2792 	}
2793 
2794 	if (rlp->rlp_num_entries == 0) {
2795 		dsl_redaction_list_rele(rl, FTAG);
2796 		(void) printf("\t\tRedaction List: []\n\n");
2797 		return (0);
2798 	}
2799 
2800 	redact_block_phys_t *rbp_buf;
2801 	uint64_t size;
2802 	dmu_object_info_t doi;
2803 
2804 	VERIFY0(dmu_object_info(mos, prop.zbm_redaction_obj, &doi));
2805 	size = doi.doi_max_offset;
2806 	rbp_buf = kmem_alloc(size, KM_SLEEP);
2807 
2808 	err = dmu_read(mos, prop.zbm_redaction_obj, 0, size,
2809 	    rbp_buf, 0);
2810 	if (err != 0) {
2811 		dsl_redaction_list_rele(rl, FTAG);
2812 		kmem_free(rbp_buf, size);
2813 		return (err);
2814 	}
2815 
2816 	(void) printf("\t\tRedaction List: [{object: %llx, offset: "
2817 	    "%llx, blksz: %x, count: %llx}",
2818 	    (u_longlong_t)rbp_buf[0].rbp_object,
2819 	    (u_longlong_t)rbp_buf[0].rbp_blkid,
2820 	    (uint_t)(redact_block_get_size(&rbp_buf[0])),
2821 	    (u_longlong_t)redact_block_get_count(&rbp_buf[0]));
2822 
2823 	for (size_t i = 1; i < rlp->rlp_num_entries; i++) {
2824 		(void) printf(",\n\t\t{object: %llx, offset: %llx, "
2825 		    "blksz: %x, count: %llx}",
2826 		    (u_longlong_t)rbp_buf[i].rbp_object,
2827 		    (u_longlong_t)rbp_buf[i].rbp_blkid,
2828 		    (uint_t)(redact_block_get_size(&rbp_buf[i])),
2829 		    (u_longlong_t)redact_block_get_count(&rbp_buf[i]));
2830 	}
2831 	dsl_redaction_list_rele(rl, FTAG);
2832 	kmem_free(rbp_buf, size);
2833 	(void) printf("]\n\n");
2834 	return (0);
2835 }
2836 
2837 static void
2838 dump_bookmarks(objset_t *os, int verbosity)
2839 {
2840 	zap_cursor_t zc;
2841 	zap_attribute_t attr;
2842 	dsl_dataset_t *ds = dmu_objset_ds(os);
2843 	dsl_pool_t *dp = spa_get_dsl(os->os_spa);
2844 	objset_t *mos = os->os_spa->spa_meta_objset;
2845 	if (verbosity < 4)
2846 		return;
2847 	dsl_pool_config_enter(dp, FTAG);
2848 
2849 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, mos, ds->ds_bookmarks_obj);
2850 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
2851 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
2852 		char osname[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
2853 		char buf[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
2854 		int len;
2855 		dmu_objset_name(os, osname);
2856 		len = snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "%s#%s", osname,
2857 		    attr.za_name);
2858 		VERIFY3S(len, <, ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN);
2859 		(void) dump_bookmark(dp, buf, verbosity >= 5, verbosity >= 6);
2860 	}
2861 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
2862 	dsl_pool_config_exit(dp, FTAG);
2863 }
2864 
2865 static void
2866 bpobj_count_refd(bpobj_t *bpo)
2867 {
2868 	mos_obj_refd(bpo->bpo_object);
2869 
2870 	if (bpo->bpo_havesubobj && bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs != 0) {
2871 		mos_obj_refd(bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs);
2872 		for (uint64_t i = 0; i < bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_subobjs; i++) {
2873 			uint64_t subobj;
2874 			bpobj_t subbpo;
2875 			int error;
2876 			VERIFY0(dmu_read(bpo->bpo_os,
2877 			    bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs,
2878 			    i * sizeof (subobj), sizeof (subobj), &subobj, 0));
2879 			error = bpobj_open(&subbpo, bpo->bpo_os, subobj);
2880 			if (error != 0) {
2881 				(void) printf("ERROR %u while trying to open "
2882 				    "subobj id %llu\n",
2883 				    error, (u_longlong_t)subobj);
2884 				continue;
2885 			}
2886 			bpobj_count_refd(&subbpo);
2887 			bpobj_close(&subbpo);
2888 		}
2889 	}
2890 }
2891 
2892 static int
2893 dsl_deadlist_entry_count_refd(void *arg, dsl_deadlist_entry_t *dle)
2894 {
2895 	spa_t *spa = arg;
2896 	uint64_t empty_bpobj = spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_empty_bpobj;
2897 	if (dle->dle_bpobj.bpo_object != empty_bpobj)
2898 		bpobj_count_refd(&dle->dle_bpobj);
2899 	return (0);
2900 }
2901 
2902 static int
2903 dsl_deadlist_entry_dump(void *arg, dsl_deadlist_entry_t *dle)
2904 {
2905 	ASSERT(arg == NULL);
2906 	if (dump_opt['d'] >= 5) {
2907 		char buf[128];
2908 		(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf),
2909 		    "mintxg %llu -> obj %llu",
2910 		    (longlong_t)dle->dle_mintxg,
2911 		    (longlong_t)dle->dle_bpobj.bpo_object);
2912 
2913 		dump_full_bpobj(&dle->dle_bpobj, buf, 0);
2914 	} else {
2915 		(void) printf("mintxg %llu -> obj %llu\n",
2916 		    (longlong_t)dle->dle_mintxg,
2917 		    (longlong_t)dle->dle_bpobj.bpo_object);
2918 	}
2919 	return (0);
2920 }
2921 
2922 static void
2923 dump_blkptr_list(dsl_deadlist_t *dl, const char *name)
2924 {
2925 	char bytes[32];
2926 	char comp[32];
2927 	char uncomp[32];
2928 	char entries[32];
2929 	spa_t *spa = dmu_objset_spa(dl->dl_os);
2930 	uint64_t empty_bpobj = spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_empty_bpobj;
2931 
2932 	if (dl->dl_oldfmt) {
2933 		if (dl->dl_bpobj.bpo_object != empty_bpobj)
2934 			bpobj_count_refd(&dl->dl_bpobj);
2935 	} else {
2936 		mos_obj_refd(dl->dl_object);
2937 		dsl_deadlist_iterate(dl, dsl_deadlist_entry_count_refd, spa);
2938 	}
2939 
2940 	/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
2941 	_Static_assert(sizeof (bytes) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "bytes truncated");
2942 	_Static_assert(sizeof (comp) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "comp truncated");
2943 	_Static_assert(sizeof (uncomp) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "uncomp truncated");
2944 	_Static_assert(sizeof (entries) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "entries truncated");
2945 
2946 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 3)
2947 		return;
2948 
2949 	if (dl->dl_oldfmt) {
2950 		dump_full_bpobj(&dl->dl_bpobj, "old-format deadlist", 0);
2951 		return;
2952 	}
2953 
2954 	zdb_nicenum(dl->dl_phys->dl_used, bytes, sizeof (bytes));
2955 	zdb_nicenum(dl->dl_phys->dl_comp, comp, sizeof (comp));
2956 	zdb_nicenum(dl->dl_phys->dl_uncomp, uncomp, sizeof (uncomp));
2957 	zdb_nicenum(avl_numnodes(&dl->dl_tree), entries, sizeof (entries));
2958 	(void) printf("\n    %s: %s (%s/%s comp), %s entries\n",
2959 	    name, bytes, comp, uncomp, entries);
2960 
2961 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 4)
2962 		return;
2963 
2964 	(void) putchar('\n');
2965 
2966 	dsl_deadlist_iterate(dl, dsl_deadlist_entry_dump, NULL);
2967 }
2968 
2969 static int
2970 verify_dd_livelist(objset_t *os)
2971 {
2972 	uint64_t ll_used, used, ll_comp, comp, ll_uncomp, uncomp;
2973 	dsl_pool_t *dp = spa_get_dsl(os->os_spa);
2974 	dsl_dir_t  *dd = os->os_dsl_dataset->ds_dir;
2975 
2976 	ASSERT(!dmu_objset_is_snapshot(os));
2977 	if (!dsl_deadlist_is_open(&dd->dd_livelist))
2978 		return (0);
2979 
2980 	/* Iterate through the livelist to check for duplicates */
2981 	dsl_deadlist_iterate(&dd->dd_livelist, sublivelist_verify_lightweight,
2982 	    NULL);
2983 
2984 	dsl_pool_config_enter(dp, FTAG);
2985 	dsl_deadlist_space(&dd->dd_livelist, &ll_used,
2986 	    &ll_comp, &ll_uncomp);
2987 
2988 	dsl_dataset_t *origin_ds;
2989 	ASSERT(dsl_pool_config_held(dp));
2990 	VERIFY0(dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp,
2991 	    dsl_dir_phys(dd)->dd_origin_obj, FTAG, &origin_ds));
2992 	VERIFY0(dsl_dataset_space_written(origin_ds, os->os_dsl_dataset,
2993 	    &used, &comp, &uncomp));
2994 	dsl_dataset_rele(origin_ds, FTAG);
2995 	dsl_pool_config_exit(dp, FTAG);
2996 	/*
2997 	 *  It's possible that the dataset's uncomp space is larger than the
2998 	 *  livelist's because livelists do not track embedded block pointers
2999 	 */
3000 	if (used != ll_used || comp != ll_comp || uncomp < ll_uncomp) {
3001 		char nice_used[32], nice_comp[32], nice_uncomp[32];
3002 		(void) printf("Discrepancy in space accounting:\n");
3003 		zdb_nicenum(used, nice_used, sizeof (nice_used));
3004 		zdb_nicenum(comp, nice_comp, sizeof (nice_comp));
3005 		zdb_nicenum(uncomp, nice_uncomp, sizeof (nice_uncomp));
3006 		(void) printf("dir: used %s, comp %s, uncomp %s\n",
3007 		    nice_used, nice_comp, nice_uncomp);
3008 		zdb_nicenum(ll_used, nice_used, sizeof (nice_used));
3009 		zdb_nicenum(ll_comp, nice_comp, sizeof (nice_comp));
3010 		zdb_nicenum(ll_uncomp, nice_uncomp, sizeof (nice_uncomp));
3011 		(void) printf("livelist: used %s, comp %s, uncomp %s\n",
3012 		    nice_used, nice_comp, nice_uncomp);
3013 		return (1);
3014 	}
3015 	return (0);
3016 }
3017 
3018 static char *key_material = NULL;
3019 
3020 static boolean_t
3021 zdb_derive_key(dsl_dir_t *dd, uint8_t *key_out)
3022 {
3023 	uint64_t keyformat, salt, iters;
3024 	int i;
3025 	unsigned char c;
3026 
3027 	VERIFY0(zap_lookup(dd->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset, dd->dd_crypto_obj,
3028 	    zfs_prop_to_name(ZFS_PROP_KEYFORMAT), sizeof (uint64_t),
3029 	    1, &keyformat));
3030 
3031 	switch (keyformat) {
3032 	case ZFS_KEYFORMAT_HEX:
3033 		for (i = 0; i < WRAPPING_KEY_LEN * 2; i += 2) {
3034 			if (!isxdigit(key_material[i]) ||
3035 			    !isxdigit(key_material[i+1]))
3036 				return (B_FALSE);
3037 			if (sscanf(&key_material[i], "%02hhx", &c) != 1)
3038 				return (B_FALSE);
3039 			key_out[i / 2] = c;
3040 		}
3041 		break;
3042 
3043 	case ZFS_KEYFORMAT_PASSPHRASE:
3044 		VERIFY0(zap_lookup(dd->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset,
3045 		    dd->dd_crypto_obj, zfs_prop_to_name(ZFS_PROP_PBKDF2_SALT),
3046 		    sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &salt));
3047 		VERIFY0(zap_lookup(dd->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset,
3048 		    dd->dd_crypto_obj, zfs_prop_to_name(ZFS_PROP_PBKDF2_ITERS),
3049 		    sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &iters));
3050 
3051 		if (PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA1(key_material, strlen(key_material),
3052 		    ((uint8_t *)&salt), sizeof (uint64_t), iters,
3053 		    WRAPPING_KEY_LEN, key_out) != 1)
3054 			return (B_FALSE);
3055 
3056 		break;
3057 
3058 	default:
3059 		fatal("no support for key format %u\n",
3060 		    (unsigned int) keyformat);
3061 	}
3062 
3063 	return (B_TRUE);
3064 }
3065 
3066 static char encroot[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3067 static boolean_t key_loaded = B_FALSE;
3068 
3069 static void
3070 zdb_load_key(objset_t *os)
3071 {
3072 	dsl_pool_t *dp;
3073 	dsl_dir_t *dd, *rdd;
3074 	uint8_t key[WRAPPING_KEY_LEN];
3075 	uint64_t rddobj;
3076 	int err;
3077 
3078 	dp = spa_get_dsl(os->os_spa);
3079 	dd = os->os_dsl_dataset->ds_dir;
3080 
3081 	dsl_pool_config_enter(dp, FTAG);
3082 	VERIFY0(zap_lookup(dd->dd_pool->dp_meta_objset, dd->dd_crypto_obj,
3083 	    DSL_CRYPTO_KEY_ROOT_DDOBJ, sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &rddobj));
3084 	VERIFY0(dsl_dir_hold_obj(dd->dd_pool, rddobj, NULL, FTAG, &rdd));
3085 	dsl_dir_name(rdd, encroot);
3086 	dsl_dir_rele(rdd, FTAG);
3087 
3088 	if (!zdb_derive_key(dd, key))
3089 		fatal("couldn't derive encryption key");
3090 
3091 	dsl_pool_config_exit(dp, FTAG);
3092 
3093 	ASSERT3U(dsl_dataset_get_keystatus(dd), ==, ZFS_KEYSTATUS_UNAVAILABLE);
3094 
3095 	dsl_crypto_params_t *dcp;
3096 	nvlist_t *crypto_args;
3097 
3098 	crypto_args = fnvlist_alloc();
3099 	fnvlist_add_uint8_array(crypto_args, "wkeydata",
3100 	    (uint8_t *)key, WRAPPING_KEY_LEN);
3101 	VERIFY0(dsl_crypto_params_create_nvlist(DCP_CMD_NONE,
3102 	    NULL, crypto_args, &dcp));
3103 	err = spa_keystore_load_wkey(encroot, dcp, B_FALSE);
3104 
3105 	dsl_crypto_params_free(dcp, (err != 0));
3106 	fnvlist_free(crypto_args);
3107 
3108 	if (err != 0)
3109 		fatal(
3110 		    "couldn't load encryption key for %s: %s",
3111 		    encroot, err == ZFS_ERR_CRYPTO_NOTSUP ?
3112 		    "crypto params not supported" : strerror(err));
3113 
3114 	ASSERT3U(dsl_dataset_get_keystatus(dd), ==, ZFS_KEYSTATUS_AVAILABLE);
3115 
3116 	printf("Unlocked encryption root: %s\n", encroot);
3117 	key_loaded = B_TRUE;
3118 }
3119 
3120 static void
3121 zdb_unload_key(void)
3122 {
3123 	if (!key_loaded)
3124 		return;
3125 
3126 	VERIFY0(spa_keystore_unload_wkey(encroot));
3127 	key_loaded = B_FALSE;
3128 }
3129 
3130 static avl_tree_t idx_tree;
3131 static avl_tree_t domain_tree;
3132 static boolean_t fuid_table_loaded;
3133 static objset_t *sa_os = NULL;
3134 static sa_attr_type_t *sa_attr_table = NULL;
3135 
3136 static int
3137 open_objset(const char *path, const void *tag, objset_t **osp)
3138 {
3139 	int err;
3140 	uint64_t sa_attrs = 0;
3141 	uint64_t version = 0;
3142 
3143 	VERIFY3P(sa_os, ==, NULL);
3144 
3145 	/*
3146 	 * We can't own an objset if it's redacted.  Therefore, we do this
3147 	 * dance: hold the objset, then acquire a long hold on its dataset, then
3148 	 * release the pool (which is held as part of holding the objset).
3149 	 */
3150 
3151 	if (dump_opt['K']) {
3152 		/* decryption requested, try to load keys */
3153 		err = dmu_objset_hold(path, tag, osp);
3154 		if (err != 0) {
3155 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to hold dataset "
3156 			    "'%s': %s\n",
3157 			    path, strerror(err));
3158 			return (err);
3159 		}
3160 		dsl_dataset_long_hold(dmu_objset_ds(*osp), tag);
3161 		dsl_pool_rele(dmu_objset_pool(*osp), tag);
3162 
3163 		/* succeeds or dies */
3164 		zdb_load_key(*osp);
3165 
3166 		/* release it all */
3167 		dsl_dataset_long_rele(dmu_objset_ds(*osp), tag);
3168 		dsl_dataset_rele(dmu_objset_ds(*osp), tag);
3169 	}
3170 
3171 	int ds_hold_flags = key_loaded ? DS_HOLD_FLAG_DECRYPT : 0;
3172 
3173 	err = dmu_objset_hold_flags(path, ds_hold_flags, tag, osp);
3174 	if (err != 0) {
3175 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to hold dataset '%s': %s\n",
3176 		    path, strerror(err));
3177 		return (err);
3178 	}
3179 	dsl_dataset_long_hold(dmu_objset_ds(*osp), tag);
3180 	dsl_pool_rele(dmu_objset_pool(*osp), tag);
3181 
3182 	if (dmu_objset_type(*osp) == DMU_OST_ZFS &&
3183 	    (key_loaded || !(*osp)->os_encrypted)) {
3184 		(void) zap_lookup(*osp, MASTER_NODE_OBJ, ZPL_VERSION_STR,
3185 		    8, 1, &version);
3186 		if (version >= ZPL_VERSION_SA) {
3187 			(void) zap_lookup(*osp, MASTER_NODE_OBJ, ZFS_SA_ATTRS,
3188 			    8, 1, &sa_attrs);
3189 		}
3190 		err = sa_setup(*osp, sa_attrs, zfs_attr_table, ZPL_END,
3191 		    &sa_attr_table);
3192 		if (err != 0) {
3193 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "sa_setup failed: %s\n",
3194 			    strerror(err));
3195 			dsl_dataset_long_rele(dmu_objset_ds(*osp), tag);
3196 			dsl_dataset_rele_flags(dmu_objset_ds(*osp),
3197 			    ds_hold_flags, tag);
3198 			*osp = NULL;
3199 		}
3200 	}
3201 	sa_os = *osp;
3202 
3203 	return (err);
3204 }
3205 
3206 static void
3207 close_objset(objset_t *os, const void *tag)
3208 {
3209 	VERIFY3P(os, ==, sa_os);
3210 	if (os->os_sa != NULL)
3211 		sa_tear_down(os);
3212 	dsl_dataset_long_rele(dmu_objset_ds(os), tag);
3213 	dsl_dataset_rele_flags(dmu_objset_ds(os),
3214 	    key_loaded ? DS_HOLD_FLAG_DECRYPT : 0, tag);
3215 	sa_attr_table = NULL;
3216 	sa_os = NULL;
3217 
3218 	zdb_unload_key();
3219 }
3220 
3221 static void
3222 fuid_table_destroy(void)
3223 {
3224 	if (fuid_table_loaded) {
3225 		zfs_fuid_table_destroy(&idx_tree, &domain_tree);
3226 		fuid_table_loaded = B_FALSE;
3227 	}
3228 }
3229 
3230 /*
3231  * print uid or gid information.
3232  * For normal POSIX id just the id is printed in decimal format.
3233  * For CIFS files with FUID the fuid is printed in hex followed by
3234  * the domain-rid string.
3235  */
3236 static void
3237 print_idstr(uint64_t id, const char *id_type)
3238 {
3239 	if (FUID_INDEX(id)) {
3240 		const char *domain =
3241 		    zfs_fuid_idx_domain(&idx_tree, FUID_INDEX(id));
3242 		(void) printf("\t%s     %llx [%s-%d]\n", id_type,
3243 		    (u_longlong_t)id, domain, (int)FUID_RID(id));
3244 	} else {
3245 		(void) printf("\t%s     %llu\n", id_type, (u_longlong_t)id);
3246 	}
3247 
3248 }
3249 
3250 static void
3251 dump_uidgid(objset_t *os, uint64_t uid, uint64_t gid)
3252 {
3253 	uint32_t uid_idx, gid_idx;
3254 
3255 	uid_idx = FUID_INDEX(uid);
3256 	gid_idx = FUID_INDEX(gid);
3257 
3258 	/* Load domain table, if not already loaded */
3259 	if (!fuid_table_loaded && (uid_idx || gid_idx)) {
3260 		uint64_t fuid_obj;
3261 
3262 		/* first find the fuid object.  It lives in the master node */
3263 		VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, MASTER_NODE_OBJ, ZFS_FUID_TABLES,
3264 		    8, 1, &fuid_obj) == 0);
3265 		zfs_fuid_avl_tree_create(&idx_tree, &domain_tree);
3266 		(void) zfs_fuid_table_load(os, fuid_obj,
3267 		    &idx_tree, &domain_tree);
3268 		fuid_table_loaded = B_TRUE;
3269 	}
3270 
3271 	print_idstr(uid, "uid");
3272 	print_idstr(gid, "gid");
3273 }
3274 
3275 static void
3276 dump_znode_sa_xattr(sa_handle_t *hdl)
3277 {
3278 	nvlist_t *sa_xattr;
3279 	nvpair_t *elem = NULL;
3280 	int sa_xattr_size = 0;
3281 	int sa_xattr_entries = 0;
3282 	int error;
3283 	char *sa_xattr_packed;
3284 
3285 	error = sa_size(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_DXATTR], &sa_xattr_size);
3286 	if (error || sa_xattr_size == 0)
3287 		return;
3288 
3289 	sa_xattr_packed = malloc(sa_xattr_size);
3290 	if (sa_xattr_packed == NULL)
3291 		return;
3292 
3293 	error = sa_lookup(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_DXATTR],
3294 	    sa_xattr_packed, sa_xattr_size);
3295 	if (error) {
3296 		free(sa_xattr_packed);
3297 		return;
3298 	}
3299 
3300 	error = nvlist_unpack(sa_xattr_packed, sa_xattr_size, &sa_xattr, 0);
3301 	if (error) {
3302 		free(sa_xattr_packed);
3303 		return;
3304 	}
3305 
3306 	while ((elem = nvlist_next_nvpair(sa_xattr, elem)) != NULL)
3307 		sa_xattr_entries++;
3308 
3309 	(void) printf("\tSA xattrs: %d bytes, %d entries\n\n",
3310 	    sa_xattr_size, sa_xattr_entries);
3311 	while ((elem = nvlist_next_nvpair(sa_xattr, elem)) != NULL) {
3312 		boolean_t can_print = !dump_opt['P'];
3313 		uchar_t *value;
3314 		uint_t cnt, idx;
3315 
3316 		(void) printf("\t\t%s = ", nvpair_name(elem));
3317 		nvpair_value_byte_array(elem, &value, &cnt);
3318 
3319 		for (idx = 0; idx < cnt; ++idx) {
3320 			if (!isprint(value[idx])) {
3321 				can_print = B_FALSE;
3322 				break;
3323 			}
3324 		}
3325 
3326 		for (idx = 0; idx < cnt; ++idx) {
3327 			if (can_print)
3328 				(void) putchar(value[idx]);
3329 			else
3330 				(void) printf("\\%3.3o", value[idx]);
3331 		}
3332 		(void) putchar('\n');
3333 	}
3334 
3335 	nvlist_free(sa_xattr);
3336 	free(sa_xattr_packed);
3337 }
3338 
3339 static void
3340 dump_znode_symlink(sa_handle_t *hdl)
3341 {
3342 	int sa_symlink_size = 0;
3343 	char linktarget[MAXPATHLEN];
3344 	int error;
3345 
3346 	error = sa_size(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_SYMLINK], &sa_symlink_size);
3347 	if (error || sa_symlink_size == 0) {
3348 		return;
3349 	}
3350 	if (sa_symlink_size >= sizeof (linktarget)) {
3351 		(void) printf("symlink size %d is too large\n",
3352 		    sa_symlink_size);
3353 		return;
3354 	}
3355 	linktarget[sa_symlink_size] = '\0';
3356 	if (sa_lookup(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_SYMLINK],
3357 	    &linktarget, sa_symlink_size) == 0)
3358 		(void) printf("\ttarget	%s\n", linktarget);
3359 }
3360 
3361 static void
3362 dump_znode(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
3363 {
3364 	(void) data, (void) size;
3365 	char path[MAXPATHLEN * 2];	/* allow for xattr and failure prefix */
3366 	sa_handle_t *hdl;
3367 	uint64_t xattr, rdev, gen;
3368 	uint64_t uid, gid, mode, fsize, parent, links;
3369 	uint64_t pflags;
3370 	uint64_t acctm[2], modtm[2], chgtm[2], crtm[2];
3371 	time_t z_crtime, z_atime, z_mtime, z_ctime;
3372 	sa_bulk_attr_t bulk[12];
3373 	int idx = 0;
3374 	int error;
3375 
3376 	VERIFY3P(os, ==, sa_os);
3377 	if (sa_handle_get(os, object, NULL, SA_HDL_PRIVATE, &hdl)) {
3378 		(void) printf("Failed to get handle for SA znode\n");
3379 		return;
3380 	}
3381 
3382 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_UID], NULL, &uid, 8);
3383 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_GID], NULL, &gid, 8);
3384 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_LINKS], NULL,
3385 	    &links, 8);
3386 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_GEN], NULL, &gen, 8);
3387 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_MODE], NULL,
3388 	    &mode, 8);
3389 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_PARENT],
3390 	    NULL, &parent, 8);
3391 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_SIZE], NULL,
3392 	    &fsize, 8);
3393 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_ATIME], NULL,
3394 	    acctm, 16);
3395 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_MTIME], NULL,
3396 	    modtm, 16);
3397 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_CRTIME], NULL,
3398 	    crtm, 16);
3399 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_CTIME], NULL,
3400 	    chgtm, 16);
3401 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_FLAGS], NULL,
3402 	    &pflags, 8);
3403 
3404 	if (sa_bulk_lookup(hdl, bulk, idx)) {
3405 		(void) sa_handle_destroy(hdl);
3406 		return;
3407 	}
3408 
3409 	z_crtime = (time_t)crtm[0];
3410 	z_atime = (time_t)acctm[0];
3411 	z_mtime = (time_t)modtm[0];
3412 	z_ctime = (time_t)chgtm[0];
3413 
3414 	if (dump_opt['d'] > 4) {
3415 		error = zfs_obj_to_path(os, object, path, sizeof (path));
3416 		if (error == ESTALE) {
3417 			(void) snprintf(path, sizeof (path), "on delete queue");
3418 		} else if (error != 0) {
3419 			leaked_objects++;
3420 			(void) snprintf(path, sizeof (path),
3421 			    "path not found, possibly leaked");
3422 		}
3423 		(void) printf("\tpath	%s\n", path);
3424 	}
3425 
3426 	if (S_ISLNK(mode))
3427 		dump_znode_symlink(hdl);
3428 	dump_uidgid(os, uid, gid);
3429 	(void) printf("\tatime	%s", ctime(&z_atime));
3430 	(void) printf("\tmtime	%s", ctime(&z_mtime));
3431 	(void) printf("\tctime	%s", ctime(&z_ctime));
3432 	(void) printf("\tcrtime	%s", ctime(&z_crtime));
3433 	(void) printf("\tgen	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)gen);
3434 	(void) printf("\tmode	%llo\n", (u_longlong_t)mode);
3435 	(void) printf("\tsize	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)fsize);
3436 	(void) printf("\tparent	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)parent);
3437 	(void) printf("\tlinks	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)links);
3438 	(void) printf("\tpflags	%llx\n", (u_longlong_t)pflags);
3439 	if (dmu_objset_projectquota_enabled(os) && (pflags & ZFS_PROJID)) {
3440 		uint64_t projid;
3441 
3442 		if (sa_lookup(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_PROJID], &projid,
3443 		    sizeof (uint64_t)) == 0)
3444 			(void) printf("\tprojid	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)projid);
3445 	}
3446 	if (sa_lookup(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_XATTR], &xattr,
3447 	    sizeof (uint64_t)) == 0)
3448 		(void) printf("\txattr	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)xattr);
3449 	if (sa_lookup(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_RDEV], &rdev,
3450 	    sizeof (uint64_t)) == 0)
3451 		(void) printf("\trdev	0x%016llx\n", (u_longlong_t)rdev);
3452 	dump_znode_sa_xattr(hdl);
3453 	sa_handle_destroy(hdl);
3454 }
3455 
3456 static void
3457 dump_acl(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
3458 {
3459 	(void) os, (void) object, (void) data, (void) size;
3460 }
3461 
3462 static void
3463 dump_dmu_objset(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
3464 {
3465 	(void) os, (void) object, (void) data, (void) size;
3466 }
3467 
3468 static object_viewer_t *object_viewer[DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 1] = {
3469 	dump_none,		/* unallocated			*/
3470 	dump_zap,		/* object directory		*/
3471 	dump_uint64,		/* object array			*/
3472 	dump_none,		/* packed nvlist		*/
3473 	dump_packed_nvlist,	/* packed nvlist size		*/
3474 	dump_none,		/* bpobj			*/
3475 	dump_bpobj,		/* bpobj header			*/
3476 	dump_none,		/* SPA space map header		*/
3477 	dump_none,		/* SPA space map		*/
3478 	dump_none,		/* ZIL intent log		*/
3479 	dump_dnode,		/* DMU dnode			*/
3480 	dump_dmu_objset,	/* DMU objset			*/
3481 	dump_dsl_dir,		/* DSL directory		*/
3482 	dump_zap,		/* DSL directory child map	*/
3483 	dump_zap,		/* DSL dataset snap map		*/
3484 	dump_zap,		/* DSL props			*/
3485 	dump_dsl_dataset,	/* DSL dataset			*/
3486 	dump_znode,		/* ZFS znode			*/
3487 	dump_acl,		/* ZFS V0 ACL			*/
3488 	dump_uint8,		/* ZFS plain file		*/
3489 	dump_zpldir,		/* ZFS directory		*/
3490 	dump_zap,		/* ZFS master node		*/
3491 	dump_zap,		/* ZFS delete queue		*/
3492 	dump_uint8,		/* zvol object			*/
3493 	dump_zap,		/* zvol prop			*/
3494 	dump_uint8,		/* other uint8[]		*/
3495 	dump_uint64,		/* other uint64[]		*/
3496 	dump_zap,		/* other ZAP			*/
3497 	dump_zap,		/* persistent error log		*/
3498 	dump_uint8,		/* SPA history			*/
3499 	dump_history_offsets,	/* SPA history offsets		*/
3500 	dump_zap,		/* Pool properties		*/
3501 	dump_zap,		/* DSL permissions		*/
3502 	dump_acl,		/* ZFS ACL			*/
3503 	dump_uint8,		/* ZFS SYSACL			*/
3504 	dump_none,		/* FUID nvlist			*/
3505 	dump_packed_nvlist,	/* FUID nvlist size		*/
3506 	dump_zap,		/* DSL dataset next clones	*/
3507 	dump_zap,		/* DSL scrub queue		*/
3508 	dump_zap,		/* ZFS user/group/project used	*/
3509 	dump_zap,		/* ZFS user/group/project quota	*/
3510 	dump_zap,		/* snapshot refcount tags	*/
3511 	dump_ddt_zap,		/* DDT ZAP object		*/
3512 	dump_zap,		/* DDT statistics		*/
3513 	dump_znode,		/* SA object			*/
3514 	dump_zap,		/* SA Master Node		*/
3515 	dump_sa_attrs,		/* SA attribute registration	*/
3516 	dump_sa_layouts,	/* SA attribute layouts		*/
3517 	dump_zap,		/* DSL scrub translations	*/
3518 	dump_none,		/* fake dedup BP		*/
3519 	dump_zap,		/* deadlist			*/
3520 	dump_none,		/* deadlist hdr			*/
3521 	dump_zap,		/* dsl clones			*/
3522 	dump_bpobj_subobjs,	/* bpobj subobjs		*/
3523 	dump_unknown,		/* Unknown type, must be last	*/
3524 };
3525 
3526 static boolean_t
3527 match_object_type(dmu_object_type_t obj_type, uint64_t flags)
3528 {
3529 	boolean_t match = B_TRUE;
3530 
3531 	switch (obj_type) {
3532 	case DMU_OT_DIRECTORY_CONTENTS:
3533 		if (!(flags & ZOR_FLAG_DIRECTORY))
3534 			match = B_FALSE;
3535 		break;
3536 	case DMU_OT_PLAIN_FILE_CONTENTS:
3537 		if (!(flags & ZOR_FLAG_PLAIN_FILE))
3538 			match = B_FALSE;
3539 		break;
3540 	case DMU_OT_SPACE_MAP:
3541 		if (!(flags & ZOR_FLAG_SPACE_MAP))
3542 			match = B_FALSE;
3543 		break;
3544 	default:
3545 		if (strcmp(zdb_ot_name(obj_type), "zap") == 0) {
3546 			if (!(flags & ZOR_FLAG_ZAP))
3547 				match = B_FALSE;
3548 			break;
3549 		}
3550 
3551 		/*
3552 		 * If all bits except some of the supported flags are
3553 		 * set, the user combined the all-types flag (A) with
3554 		 * a negated flag to exclude some types (e.g. A-f to
3555 		 * show all object types except plain files).
3556 		 */
3557 		if ((flags | ZOR_SUPPORTED_FLAGS) != ZOR_FLAG_ALL_TYPES)
3558 			match = B_FALSE;
3559 
3560 		break;
3561 	}
3562 
3563 	return (match);
3564 }
3565 
3566 static void
3567 dump_object(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, int verbosity,
3568     boolean_t *print_header, uint64_t *dnode_slots_used, uint64_t flags)
3569 {
3570 	dmu_buf_t *db = NULL;
3571 	dmu_object_info_t doi;
3572 	dnode_t *dn;
3573 	boolean_t dnode_held = B_FALSE;
3574 	void *bonus = NULL;
3575 	size_t bsize = 0;
3576 	char iblk[32], dblk[32], lsize[32], asize[32], fill[32], dnsize[32];
3577 	char bonus_size[32];
3578 	char aux[50];
3579 	int error;
3580 
3581 	/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
3582 	_Static_assert(sizeof (iblk) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "iblk truncated");
3583 	_Static_assert(sizeof (dblk) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "dblk truncated");
3584 	_Static_assert(sizeof (lsize) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "lsize truncated");
3585 	_Static_assert(sizeof (asize) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "asize truncated");
3586 	_Static_assert(sizeof (bonus_size) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
3587 	    "bonus_size truncated");
3588 
3589 	if (*print_header) {
3590 		(void) printf("\n%10s  %3s  %5s  %5s  %5s  %6s  %5s  %6s  %s\n",
3591 		    "Object", "lvl", "iblk", "dblk", "dsize", "dnsize",
3592 		    "lsize", "%full", "type");
3593 		*print_header = 0;
3594 	}
3595 
3596 	if (object == 0) {
3597 		dn = DMU_META_DNODE(os);
3598 		dmu_object_info_from_dnode(dn, &doi);
3599 	} else {
3600 		/*
3601 		 * Encrypted datasets will have sensitive bonus buffers
3602 		 * encrypted. Therefore we cannot hold the bonus buffer and
3603 		 * must hold the dnode itself instead.
3604 		 */
3605 		error = dmu_object_info(os, object, &doi);
3606 		if (error)
3607 			fatal("dmu_object_info() failed, errno %u", error);
3608 
3609 		if (!key_loaded && os->os_encrypted &&
3610 		    DMU_OT_IS_ENCRYPTED(doi.doi_bonus_type)) {
3611 			error = dnode_hold(os, object, FTAG, &dn);
3612 			if (error)
3613 				fatal("dnode_hold() failed, errno %u", error);
3614 			dnode_held = B_TRUE;
3615 		} else {
3616 			error = dmu_bonus_hold(os, object, FTAG, &db);
3617 			if (error)
3618 				fatal("dmu_bonus_hold(%llu) failed, errno %u",
3619 				    object, error);
3620 			bonus = db->db_data;
3621 			bsize = db->db_size;
3622 			dn = DB_DNODE((dmu_buf_impl_t *)db);
3623 		}
3624 	}
3625 
3626 	/*
3627 	 * Default to showing all object types if no flags were specified.
3628 	 */
3629 	if (flags != 0 && flags != ZOR_FLAG_ALL_TYPES &&
3630 	    !match_object_type(doi.doi_type, flags))
3631 		goto out;
3632 
3633 	if (dnode_slots_used)
3634 		*dnode_slots_used = doi.doi_dnodesize / DNODE_MIN_SIZE;
3635 
3636 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_metadata_block_size, iblk, sizeof (iblk));
3637 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_data_block_size, dblk, sizeof (dblk));
3638 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_max_offset, lsize, sizeof (lsize));
3639 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_physical_blocks_512 << 9, asize, sizeof (asize));
3640 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_bonus_size, bonus_size, sizeof (bonus_size));
3641 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_dnodesize, dnsize, sizeof (dnsize));
3642 	(void) snprintf(fill, sizeof (fill), "%6.2f", 100.0 *
3643 	    doi.doi_fill_count * doi.doi_data_block_size / (object == 0 ?
3644 	    DNODES_PER_BLOCK : 1) / doi.doi_max_offset);
3645 
3646 	aux[0] = '\0';
3647 
3648 	if (doi.doi_checksum != ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT || verbosity >= 6) {
3649 		(void) snprintf(aux + strlen(aux), sizeof (aux) - strlen(aux),
3650 		    " (K=%s)", ZDB_CHECKSUM_NAME(doi.doi_checksum));
3651 	}
3652 
3653 	if (doi.doi_compress == ZIO_COMPRESS_INHERIT &&
3654 	    ZIO_COMPRESS_HASLEVEL(os->os_compress) && verbosity >= 6) {
3655 		const char *compname = NULL;
3656 		if (zfs_prop_index_to_string(ZFS_PROP_COMPRESSION,
3657 		    ZIO_COMPRESS_RAW(os->os_compress, os->os_complevel),
3658 		    &compname) == 0) {
3659 			(void) snprintf(aux + strlen(aux),
3660 			    sizeof (aux) - strlen(aux), " (Z=inherit=%s)",
3661 			    compname);
3662 		} else {
3663 			(void) snprintf(aux + strlen(aux),
3664 			    sizeof (aux) - strlen(aux),
3665 			    " (Z=inherit=%s-unknown)",
3666 			    ZDB_COMPRESS_NAME(os->os_compress));
3667 		}
3668 	} else if (doi.doi_compress == ZIO_COMPRESS_INHERIT && verbosity >= 6) {
3669 		(void) snprintf(aux + strlen(aux), sizeof (aux) - strlen(aux),
3670 		    " (Z=inherit=%s)", ZDB_COMPRESS_NAME(os->os_compress));
3671 	} else if (doi.doi_compress != ZIO_COMPRESS_INHERIT || verbosity >= 6) {
3672 		(void) snprintf(aux + strlen(aux), sizeof (aux) - strlen(aux),
3673 		    " (Z=%s)", ZDB_COMPRESS_NAME(doi.doi_compress));
3674 	}
3675 
3676 	(void) printf("%10lld  %3u  %5s  %5s  %5s  %6s  %5s  %6s  %s%s\n",
3677 	    (u_longlong_t)object, doi.doi_indirection, iblk, dblk,
3678 	    asize, dnsize, lsize, fill, zdb_ot_name(doi.doi_type), aux);
3679 
3680 	if (doi.doi_bonus_type != DMU_OT_NONE && verbosity > 3) {
3681 		(void) printf("%10s  %3s  %5s  %5s  %5s  %5s  %5s  %6s  %s\n",
3682 		    "", "", "", "", "", "", bonus_size, "bonus",
3683 		    zdb_ot_name(doi.doi_bonus_type));
3684 	}
3685 
3686 	if (verbosity >= 4) {
3687 		(void) printf("\tdnode flags: %s%s%s%s\n",
3688 		    (dn->dn_phys->dn_flags & DNODE_FLAG_USED_BYTES) ?
3689 		    "USED_BYTES " : "",
3690 		    (dn->dn_phys->dn_flags & DNODE_FLAG_USERUSED_ACCOUNTED) ?
3691 		    "USERUSED_ACCOUNTED " : "",
3692 		    (dn->dn_phys->dn_flags & DNODE_FLAG_USEROBJUSED_ACCOUNTED) ?
3693 		    "USEROBJUSED_ACCOUNTED " : "",
3694 		    (dn->dn_phys->dn_flags & DNODE_FLAG_SPILL_BLKPTR) ?
3695 		    "SPILL_BLKPTR" : "");
3696 		(void) printf("\tdnode maxblkid: %llu\n",
3697 		    (longlong_t)dn->dn_phys->dn_maxblkid);
3698 
3699 		if (!dnode_held) {
3700 			object_viewer[ZDB_OT_TYPE(doi.doi_bonus_type)](os,
3701 			    object, bonus, bsize);
3702 		} else {
3703 			(void) printf("\t\t(bonus encrypted)\n");
3704 		}
3705 
3706 		if (key_loaded ||
3707 		    (!os->os_encrypted || !DMU_OT_IS_ENCRYPTED(doi.doi_type))) {
3708 			object_viewer[ZDB_OT_TYPE(doi.doi_type)](os, object,
3709 			    NULL, 0);
3710 		} else {
3711 			(void) printf("\t\t(object encrypted)\n");
3712 		}
3713 
3714 		*print_header = B_TRUE;
3715 	}
3716 
3717 	if (verbosity >= 5) {
3718 		if (dn->dn_phys->dn_flags & DNODE_FLAG_SPILL_BLKPTR) {
3719 			char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
3720 			snprintf_blkptr_compact(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf),
3721 			    DN_SPILL_BLKPTR(dn->dn_phys), B_FALSE);
3722 			(void) printf("\nSpill block: %s\n", blkbuf);
3723 		}
3724 		dump_indirect(dn);
3725 	}
3726 
3727 	if (verbosity >= 5) {
3728 		/*
3729 		 * Report the list of segments that comprise the object.
3730 		 */
3731 		uint64_t start = 0;
3732 		uint64_t end;
3733 		uint64_t blkfill = 1;
3734 		int minlvl = 1;
3735 
3736 		if (dn->dn_type == DMU_OT_DNODE) {
3737 			minlvl = 0;
3738 			blkfill = DNODES_PER_BLOCK;
3739 		}
3740 
3741 		for (;;) {
3742 			char segsize[32];
3743 			/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
3744 			_Static_assert(sizeof (segsize) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
3745 			    "segsize truncated");
3746 			error = dnode_next_offset(dn,
3747 			    0, &start, minlvl, blkfill, 0);
3748 			if (error)
3749 				break;
3750 			end = start;
3751 			error = dnode_next_offset(dn,
3752 			    DNODE_FIND_HOLE, &end, minlvl, blkfill, 0);
3753 			zdb_nicenum(end - start, segsize, sizeof (segsize));
3754 			(void) printf("\t\tsegment [%016llx, %016llx)"
3755 			    " size %5s\n", (u_longlong_t)start,
3756 			    (u_longlong_t)end, segsize);
3757 			if (error)
3758 				break;
3759 			start = end;
3760 		}
3761 	}
3762 
3763 out:
3764 	if (db != NULL)
3765 		dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
3766 	if (dnode_held)
3767 		dnode_rele(dn, FTAG);
3768 }
3769 
3770 static void
3771 count_dir_mos_objects(dsl_dir_t *dd)
3772 {
3773 	mos_obj_refd(dd->dd_object);
3774 	mos_obj_refd(dsl_dir_phys(dd)->dd_child_dir_zapobj);
3775 	mos_obj_refd(dsl_dir_phys(dd)->dd_deleg_zapobj);
3776 	mos_obj_refd(dsl_dir_phys(dd)->dd_props_zapobj);
3777 	mos_obj_refd(dsl_dir_phys(dd)->dd_clones);
3778 
3779 	/*
3780 	 * The dd_crypto_obj can be referenced by multiple dsl_dir's.
3781 	 * Ignore the references after the first one.
3782 	 */
3783 	mos_obj_refd_multiple(dd->dd_crypto_obj);
3784 }
3785 
3786 static void
3787 count_ds_mos_objects(dsl_dataset_t *ds)
3788 {
3789 	mos_obj_refd(ds->ds_object);
3790 	mos_obj_refd(dsl_dataset_phys(ds)->ds_next_clones_obj);
3791 	mos_obj_refd(dsl_dataset_phys(ds)->ds_props_obj);
3792 	mos_obj_refd(dsl_dataset_phys(ds)->ds_userrefs_obj);
3793 	mos_obj_refd(dsl_dataset_phys(ds)->ds_snapnames_zapobj);
3794 	mos_obj_refd(ds->ds_bookmarks_obj);
3795 
3796 	if (!dsl_dataset_is_snapshot(ds)) {
3797 		count_dir_mos_objects(ds->ds_dir);
3798 	}
3799 }
3800 
3801 static const char *const objset_types[DMU_OST_NUMTYPES] = {
3802 	"NONE", "META", "ZPL", "ZVOL", "OTHER", "ANY" };
3803 
3804 /*
3805  * Parse a string denoting a range of object IDs of the form
3806  * <start>[:<end>[:flags]], and store the results in zor.
3807  * Return 0 on success. On error, return 1 and update the msg
3808  * pointer to point to a descriptive error message.
3809  */
3810 static int
3811 parse_object_range(char *range, zopt_object_range_t *zor, const char **msg)
3812 {
3813 	uint64_t flags = 0;
3814 	char *p, *s, *dup, *flagstr, *tmp = NULL;
3815 	size_t len;
3816 	int i;
3817 	int rc = 0;
3818 
3819 	if (strchr(range, ':') == NULL) {
3820 		zor->zor_obj_start = strtoull(range, &p, 0);
3821 		if (*p != '\0') {
3822 			*msg = "Invalid characters in object ID";
3823 			rc = 1;
3824 		}
3825 		zor->zor_obj_start = ZDB_MAP_OBJECT_ID(zor->zor_obj_start);
3826 		zor->zor_obj_end = zor->zor_obj_start;
3827 		return (rc);
3828 	}
3829 
3830 	if (strchr(range, ':') == range) {
3831 		*msg = "Invalid leading colon";
3832 		rc = 1;
3833 		return (rc);
3834 	}
3835 
3836 	len = strlen(range);
3837 	if (range[len - 1] == ':') {
3838 		*msg = "Invalid trailing colon";
3839 		rc = 1;
3840 		return (rc);
3841 	}
3842 
3843 	dup = strdup(range);
3844 	s = strtok_r(dup, ":", &tmp);
3845 	zor->zor_obj_start = strtoull(s, &p, 0);
3846 
3847 	if (*p != '\0') {
3848 		*msg = "Invalid characters in start object ID";
3849 		rc = 1;
3850 		goto out;
3851 	}
3852 
3853 	s = strtok_r(NULL, ":", &tmp);
3854 	zor->zor_obj_end = strtoull(s, &p, 0);
3855 
3856 	if (*p != '\0') {
3857 		*msg = "Invalid characters in end object ID";
3858 		rc = 1;
3859 		goto out;
3860 	}
3861 
3862 	if (zor->zor_obj_start > zor->zor_obj_end) {
3863 		*msg = "Start object ID may not exceed end object ID";
3864 		rc = 1;
3865 		goto out;
3866 	}
3867 
3868 	s = strtok_r(NULL, ":", &tmp);
3869 	if (s == NULL) {
3870 		zor->zor_flags = ZOR_FLAG_ALL_TYPES;
3871 		goto out;
3872 	} else if (strtok_r(NULL, ":", &tmp) != NULL) {
3873 		*msg = "Invalid colon-delimited field after flags";
3874 		rc = 1;
3875 		goto out;
3876 	}
3877 
3878 	flagstr = s;
3879 	for (i = 0; flagstr[i]; i++) {
3880 		int bit;
3881 		boolean_t negation = (flagstr[i] == '-');
3882 
3883 		if (negation) {
3884 			i++;
3885 			if (flagstr[i] == '\0') {
3886 				*msg = "Invalid trailing negation operator";
3887 				rc = 1;
3888 				goto out;
3889 			}
3890 		}
3891 		bit = flagbits[(uchar_t)flagstr[i]];
3892 		if (bit == 0) {
3893 			*msg = "Invalid flag";
3894 			rc = 1;
3895 			goto out;
3896 		}
3897 		if (negation)
3898 			flags &= ~bit;
3899 		else
3900 			flags |= bit;
3901 	}
3902 	zor->zor_flags = flags;
3903 
3904 	zor->zor_obj_start = ZDB_MAP_OBJECT_ID(zor->zor_obj_start);
3905 	zor->zor_obj_end = ZDB_MAP_OBJECT_ID(zor->zor_obj_end);
3906 
3907 out:
3908 	free(dup);
3909 	return (rc);
3910 }
3911 
3912 static void
3913 dump_objset(objset_t *os)
3914 {
3915 	dmu_objset_stats_t dds = { 0 };
3916 	uint64_t object, object_count;
3917 	uint64_t refdbytes, usedobjs, scratch;
3918 	char numbuf[32];
3919 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN + 20];
3920 	char osname[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
3921 	const char *type = "UNKNOWN";
3922 	int verbosity = dump_opt['d'];
3923 	boolean_t print_header;
3924 	unsigned i;
3925 	int error;
3926 	uint64_t total_slots_used = 0;
3927 	uint64_t max_slot_used = 0;
3928 	uint64_t dnode_slots;
3929 	uint64_t obj_start;
3930 	uint64_t obj_end;
3931 	uint64_t flags;
3932 
3933 	/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
3934 	_Static_assert(sizeof (numbuf) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "numbuf truncated");
3935 
3936 	dsl_pool_config_enter(dmu_objset_pool(os), FTAG);
3937 	dmu_objset_fast_stat(os, &dds);
3938 	dsl_pool_config_exit(dmu_objset_pool(os), FTAG);
3939 
3940 	print_header = B_TRUE;
3941 
3942 	if (dds.dds_type < DMU_OST_NUMTYPES)
3943 		type = objset_types[dds.dds_type];
3944 
3945 	if (dds.dds_type == DMU_OST_META) {
3946 		dds.dds_creation_txg = TXG_INITIAL;
3947 		usedobjs = BP_GET_FILL(os->os_rootbp);
3948 		refdbytes = dsl_dir_phys(os->os_spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_mos_dir)->
3949 		    dd_used_bytes;
3950 	} else {
3951 		dmu_objset_space(os, &refdbytes, &scratch, &usedobjs, &scratch);
3952 	}
3953 
3954 	ASSERT3U(usedobjs, ==, BP_GET_FILL(os->os_rootbp));
3955 
3956 	zdb_nicenum(refdbytes, numbuf, sizeof (numbuf));
3957 
3958 	if (verbosity >= 4) {
3959 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), ", rootbp ");
3960 		(void) snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
3961 		    sizeof (blkbuf) - strlen(blkbuf), os->os_rootbp);
3962 	} else {
3963 		blkbuf[0] = '\0';
3964 	}
3965 
3966 	dmu_objset_name(os, osname);
3967 
3968 	(void) printf("Dataset %s [%s], ID %llu, cr_txg %llu, "
3969 	    "%s, %llu objects%s%s\n",
3970 	    osname, type, (u_longlong_t)dmu_objset_id(os),
3971 	    (u_longlong_t)dds.dds_creation_txg,
3972 	    numbuf, (u_longlong_t)usedobjs, blkbuf,
3973 	    (dds.dds_inconsistent) ? " (inconsistent)" : "");
3974 
3975 	for (i = 0; i < zopt_object_args; i++) {
3976 		obj_start = zopt_object_ranges[i].zor_obj_start;
3977 		obj_end = zopt_object_ranges[i].zor_obj_end;
3978 		flags = zopt_object_ranges[i].zor_flags;
3979 
3980 		object = obj_start;
3981 		if (object == 0 || obj_start == obj_end)
3982 			dump_object(os, object, verbosity, &print_header, NULL,
3983 			    flags);
3984 		else
3985 			object--;
3986 
3987 		while ((dmu_object_next(os, &object, B_FALSE, 0) == 0) &&
3988 		    object <= obj_end) {
3989 			dump_object(os, object, verbosity, &print_header, NULL,
3990 			    flags);
3991 		}
3992 	}
3993 
3994 	if (zopt_object_args > 0) {
3995 		(void) printf("\n");
3996 		return;
3997 	}
3998 
3999 	if (dump_opt['i'] != 0 || verbosity >= 2)
4000 		dump_intent_log(dmu_objset_zil(os));
4001 
4002 	if (dmu_objset_ds(os) != NULL) {
4003 		dsl_dataset_t *ds = dmu_objset_ds(os);
4004 		dump_blkptr_list(&ds->ds_deadlist, "Deadlist");
4005 		if (dsl_deadlist_is_open(&ds->ds_dir->dd_livelist) &&
4006 		    !dmu_objset_is_snapshot(os)) {
4007 			dump_blkptr_list(&ds->ds_dir->dd_livelist, "Livelist");
4008 			if (verify_dd_livelist(os) != 0)
4009 				fatal("livelist is incorrect");
4010 		}
4011 
4012 		if (dsl_dataset_remap_deadlist_exists(ds)) {
4013 			(void) printf("ds_remap_deadlist:\n");
4014 			dump_blkptr_list(&ds->ds_remap_deadlist, "Deadlist");
4015 		}
4016 		count_ds_mos_objects(ds);
4017 	}
4018 
4019 	if (dmu_objset_ds(os) != NULL)
4020 		dump_bookmarks(os, verbosity);
4021 
4022 	if (verbosity < 2)
4023 		return;
4024 
4025 	if (BP_IS_HOLE(os->os_rootbp))
4026 		return;
4027 
4028 	dump_object(os, 0, verbosity, &print_header, NULL, 0);
4029 	object_count = 0;
4030 	if (DMU_USERUSED_DNODE(os) != NULL &&
4031 	    DMU_USERUSED_DNODE(os)->dn_type != 0) {
4032 		dump_object(os, DMU_USERUSED_OBJECT, verbosity, &print_header,
4033 		    NULL, 0);
4034 		dump_object(os, DMU_GROUPUSED_OBJECT, verbosity, &print_header,
4035 		    NULL, 0);
4036 	}
4037 
4038 	if (DMU_PROJECTUSED_DNODE(os) != NULL &&
4039 	    DMU_PROJECTUSED_DNODE(os)->dn_type != 0)
4040 		dump_object(os, DMU_PROJECTUSED_OBJECT, verbosity,
4041 		    &print_header, NULL, 0);
4042 
4043 	object = 0;
4044 	while ((error = dmu_object_next(os, &object, B_FALSE, 0)) == 0) {
4045 		dump_object(os, object, verbosity, &print_header, &dnode_slots,
4046 		    0);
4047 		object_count++;
4048 		total_slots_used += dnode_slots;
4049 		max_slot_used = object + dnode_slots - 1;
4050 	}
4051 
4052 	(void) printf("\n");
4053 
4054 	(void) printf("    Dnode slots:\n");
4055 	(void) printf("\tTotal used:    %10llu\n",
4056 	    (u_longlong_t)total_slots_used);
4057 	(void) printf("\tMax used:      %10llu\n",
4058 	    (u_longlong_t)max_slot_used);
4059 	(void) printf("\tPercent empty: %10lf\n",
4060 	    (double)(max_slot_used - total_slots_used)*100 /
4061 	    (double)max_slot_used);
4062 	(void) printf("\n");
4063 
4064 	if (error != ESRCH) {
4065 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "dmu_object_next() = %d\n", error);
4066 		abort();
4067 	}
4068 
4069 	ASSERT3U(object_count, ==, usedobjs);
4070 
4071 	if (leaked_objects != 0) {
4072 		(void) printf("%d potentially leaked objects detected\n",
4073 		    leaked_objects);
4074 		leaked_objects = 0;
4075 	}
4076 }
4077 
4078 static void
4079 dump_uberblock(uberblock_t *ub, const char *header, const char *footer)
4080 {
4081 	time_t timestamp = ub->ub_timestamp;
4082 
4083 	(void) printf("%s", header ? header : "");
4084 	(void) printf("\tmagic = %016llx\n", (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_magic);
4085 	(void) printf("\tversion = %llu\n", (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_version);
4086 	(void) printf("\ttxg = %llu\n", (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_txg);
4087 	(void) printf("\tguid_sum = %llu\n", (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_guid_sum);
4088 	(void) printf("\ttimestamp = %llu UTC = %s",
4089 	    (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_timestamp, ctime(&timestamp));
4090 
4091 	(void) printf("\tmmp_magic = %016llx\n",
4092 	    (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_mmp_magic);
4093 	if (MMP_VALID(ub)) {
4094 		(void) printf("\tmmp_delay = %0llu\n",
4095 		    (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_mmp_delay);
4096 		if (MMP_SEQ_VALID(ub))
4097 			(void) printf("\tmmp_seq = %u\n",
4098 			    (unsigned int) MMP_SEQ(ub));
4099 		if (MMP_FAIL_INT_VALID(ub))
4100 			(void) printf("\tmmp_fail = %u\n",
4101 			    (unsigned int) MMP_FAIL_INT(ub));
4102 		if (MMP_INTERVAL_VALID(ub))
4103 			(void) printf("\tmmp_write = %u\n",
4104 			    (unsigned int) MMP_INTERVAL(ub));
4105 		/* After MMP_* to make summarize_uberblock_mmp cleaner */
4106 		(void) printf("\tmmp_valid = %x\n",
4107 		    (unsigned int) ub->ub_mmp_config & 0xFF);
4108 	}
4109 
4110 	if (dump_opt['u'] >= 4) {
4111 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
4112 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), &ub->ub_rootbp);
4113 		(void) printf("\trootbp = %s\n", blkbuf);
4114 	}
4115 	(void) printf("\tcheckpoint_txg = %llu\n",
4116 	    (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_checkpoint_txg);
4117 
4118 	(void) printf("\traidz_reflow state=%u off=%llu\n",
4119 	    (int)RRSS_GET_STATE(ub),
4120 	    (u_longlong_t)RRSS_GET_OFFSET(ub));
4121 
4122 	(void) printf("%s", footer ? footer : "");
4123 }
4124 
4125 static void
4126 dump_config(spa_t *spa)
4127 {
4128 	dmu_buf_t *db;
4129 	size_t nvsize = 0;
4130 	int error = 0;
4131 
4132 
4133 	error = dmu_bonus_hold(spa->spa_meta_objset,
4134 	    spa->spa_config_object, FTAG, &db);
4135 
4136 	if (error == 0) {
4137 		nvsize = *(uint64_t *)db->db_data;
4138 		dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
4139 
4140 		(void) printf("\nMOS Configuration:\n");
4141 		dump_packed_nvlist(spa->spa_meta_objset,
4142 		    spa->spa_config_object, (void *)&nvsize, 1);
4143 	} else {
4144 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "dmu_bonus_hold(%llu) failed, errno %d",
4145 		    (u_longlong_t)spa->spa_config_object, error);
4146 	}
4147 }
4148 
4149 static void
4150 dump_cachefile(const char *cachefile)
4151 {
4152 	int fd;
4153 	struct stat64 statbuf;
4154 	char *buf;
4155 	nvlist_t *config;
4156 
4157 	if ((fd = open64(cachefile, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
4158 		(void) printf("cannot open '%s': %s\n", cachefile,
4159 		    strerror(errno));
4160 		exit(1);
4161 	}
4162 
4163 	if (fstat64(fd, &statbuf) != 0) {
4164 		(void) printf("failed to stat '%s': %s\n", cachefile,
4165 		    strerror(errno));
4166 		exit(1);
4167 	}
4168 
4169 	if ((buf = malloc(statbuf.st_size)) == NULL) {
4170 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to allocate %llu bytes\n",
4171 		    (u_longlong_t)statbuf.st_size);
4172 		exit(1);
4173 	}
4174 
4175 	if (read(fd, buf, statbuf.st_size) != statbuf.st_size) {
4176 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to read %llu bytes\n",
4177 		    (u_longlong_t)statbuf.st_size);
4178 		exit(1);
4179 	}
4180 
4181 	(void) close(fd);
4182 
4183 	if (nvlist_unpack(buf, statbuf.st_size, &config, 0) != 0) {
4184 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to unpack nvlist\n");
4185 		exit(1);
4186 	}
4187 
4188 	free(buf);
4189 
4190 	dump_nvlist(config, 0);
4191 
4192 	nvlist_free(config);
4193 }
4194 
4195 /*
4196  * ZFS label nvlist stats
4197  */
4198 typedef struct zdb_nvl_stats {
4199 	int		zns_list_count;
4200 	int		zns_leaf_count;
4201 	size_t		zns_leaf_largest;
4202 	size_t		zns_leaf_total;
4203 	nvlist_t	*zns_string;
4204 	nvlist_t	*zns_uint64;
4205 	nvlist_t	*zns_boolean;
4206 } zdb_nvl_stats_t;
4207 
4208 static void
4209 collect_nvlist_stats(nvlist_t *nvl, zdb_nvl_stats_t *stats)
4210 {
4211 	nvlist_t *list, **array;
4212 	nvpair_t *nvp = NULL;
4213 	const char *name;
4214 	uint_t i, items;
4215 
4216 	stats->zns_list_count++;
4217 
4218 	while ((nvp = nvlist_next_nvpair(nvl, nvp)) != NULL) {
4219 		name = nvpair_name(nvp);
4220 
4221 		switch (nvpair_type(nvp)) {
4222 		case DATA_TYPE_STRING:
4223 			fnvlist_add_string(stats->zns_string, name,
4224 			    fnvpair_value_string(nvp));
4225 			break;
4226 		case DATA_TYPE_UINT64:
4227 			fnvlist_add_uint64(stats->zns_uint64, name,
4228 			    fnvpair_value_uint64(nvp));
4229 			break;
4230 		case DATA_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
4231 			fnvlist_add_boolean(stats->zns_boolean, name);
4232 			break;
4233 		case DATA_TYPE_NVLIST:
4234 			if (nvpair_value_nvlist(nvp, &list) == 0)
4235 				collect_nvlist_stats(list, stats);
4236 			break;
4237 		case DATA_TYPE_NVLIST_ARRAY:
4238 			if (nvpair_value_nvlist_array(nvp, &array, &items) != 0)
4239 				break;
4240 
4241 			for (i = 0; i < items; i++) {
4242 				collect_nvlist_stats(array[i], stats);
4243 
4244 				/* collect stats on leaf vdev */
4245 				if (strcmp(name, "children") == 0) {
4246 					size_t size;
4247 
4248 					(void) nvlist_size(array[i], &size,
4249 					    NV_ENCODE_XDR);
4250 					stats->zns_leaf_total += size;
4251 					if (size > stats->zns_leaf_largest)
4252 						stats->zns_leaf_largest = size;
4253 					stats->zns_leaf_count++;
4254 				}
4255 			}
4256 			break;
4257 		default:
4258 			(void) printf("skip type %d!\n", (int)nvpair_type(nvp));
4259 		}
4260 	}
4261 }
4262 
4263 static void
4264 dump_nvlist_stats(nvlist_t *nvl, size_t cap)
4265 {
4266 	zdb_nvl_stats_t stats = { 0 };
4267 	size_t size, sum = 0, total;
4268 	size_t noise;
4269 
4270 	/* requires nvlist with non-unique names for stat collection */
4271 	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&stats.zns_string, 0, 0));
4272 	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&stats.zns_uint64, 0, 0));
4273 	VERIFY0(nvlist_alloc(&stats.zns_boolean, 0, 0));
4274 	VERIFY0(nvlist_size(stats.zns_boolean, &noise, NV_ENCODE_XDR));
4275 
4276 	(void) printf("\n\nZFS Label NVList Config Stats:\n");
4277 
4278 	VERIFY0(nvlist_size(nvl, &total, NV_ENCODE_XDR));
4279 	(void) printf("  %d bytes used, %d bytes free (using %4.1f%%)\n\n",
4280 	    (int)total, (int)(cap - total), 100.0 * total / cap);
4281 
4282 	collect_nvlist_stats(nvl, &stats);
4283 
4284 	VERIFY0(nvlist_size(stats.zns_uint64, &size, NV_ENCODE_XDR));
4285 	size -= noise;
4286 	sum += size;
4287 	(void) printf("%12s %4d %6d bytes (%5.2f%%)\n", "integers:",
4288 	    (int)fnvlist_num_pairs(stats.zns_uint64),
4289 	    (int)size, 100.0 * size / total);
4290 
4291 	VERIFY0(nvlist_size(stats.zns_string, &size, NV_ENCODE_XDR));
4292 	size -= noise;
4293 	sum += size;
4294 	(void) printf("%12s %4d %6d bytes (%5.2f%%)\n", "strings:",
4295 	    (int)fnvlist_num_pairs(stats.zns_string),
4296 	    (int)size, 100.0 * size / total);
4297 
4298 	VERIFY0(nvlist_size(stats.zns_boolean, &size, NV_ENCODE_XDR));
4299 	size -= noise;
4300 	sum += size;
4301 	(void) printf("%12s %4d %6d bytes (%5.2f%%)\n", "booleans:",
4302 	    (int)fnvlist_num_pairs(stats.zns_boolean),
4303 	    (int)size, 100.0 * size / total);
4304 
4305 	size = total - sum;	/* treat remainder as nvlist overhead */
4306 	(void) printf("%12s %4d %6d bytes (%5.2f%%)\n\n", "nvlists:",
4307 	    stats.zns_list_count, (int)size, 100.0 * size / total);
4308 
4309 	if (stats.zns_leaf_count > 0) {
4310 		size_t average = stats.zns_leaf_total / stats.zns_leaf_count;
4311 
4312 		(void) printf("%12s %4d %6d bytes average\n", "leaf vdevs:",
4313 		    stats.zns_leaf_count, (int)average);
4314 		(void) printf("%24d bytes largest\n",
4315 		    (int)stats.zns_leaf_largest);
4316 
4317 		if (dump_opt['l'] >= 3 && average > 0)
4318 			(void) printf("  space for %d additional leaf vdevs\n",
4319 			    (int)((cap - total) / average));
4320 	}
4321 	(void) printf("\n");
4322 
4323 	nvlist_free(stats.zns_string);
4324 	nvlist_free(stats.zns_uint64);
4325 	nvlist_free(stats.zns_boolean);
4326 }
4327 
4328 typedef struct cksum_record {
4329 	zio_cksum_t cksum;
4330 	boolean_t labels[VDEV_LABELS];
4331 	avl_node_t link;
4332 } cksum_record_t;
4333 
4334 static int
4335 cksum_record_compare(const void *x1, const void *x2)
4336 {
4337 	const cksum_record_t *l = (cksum_record_t *)x1;
4338 	const cksum_record_t *r = (cksum_record_t *)x2;
4339 	int arraysize = ARRAY_SIZE(l->cksum.zc_word);
4340 	int difference = 0;
4341 
4342 	for (int i = 0; i < arraysize; i++) {
4343 		difference = TREE_CMP(l->cksum.zc_word[i], r->cksum.zc_word[i]);
4344 		if (difference)
4345 			break;
4346 	}
4347 
4348 	return (difference);
4349 }
4350 
4351 static cksum_record_t *
4352 cksum_record_alloc(zio_cksum_t *cksum, int l)
4353 {
4354 	cksum_record_t *rec;
4355 
4356 	rec = umem_zalloc(sizeof (*rec), UMEM_NOFAIL);
4357 	rec->cksum = *cksum;
4358 	rec->labels[l] = B_TRUE;
4359 
4360 	return (rec);
4361 }
4362 
4363 static cksum_record_t *
4364 cksum_record_lookup(avl_tree_t *tree, zio_cksum_t *cksum)
4365 {
4366 	cksum_record_t lookup = { .cksum = *cksum };
4367 	avl_index_t where;
4368 
4369 	return (avl_find(tree, &lookup, &where));
4370 }
4371 
4372 static cksum_record_t *
4373 cksum_record_insert(avl_tree_t *tree, zio_cksum_t *cksum, int l)
4374 {
4375 	cksum_record_t *rec;
4376 
4377 	rec = cksum_record_lookup(tree, cksum);
4378 	if (rec) {
4379 		rec->labels[l] = B_TRUE;
4380 	} else {
4381 		rec = cksum_record_alloc(cksum, l);
4382 		avl_add(tree, rec);
4383 	}
4384 
4385 	return (rec);
4386 }
4387 
4388 static int
4389 first_label(cksum_record_t *rec)
4390 {
4391 	for (int i = 0; i < VDEV_LABELS; i++)
4392 		if (rec->labels[i])
4393 			return (i);
4394 
4395 	return (-1);
4396 }
4397 
4398 static void
4399 print_label_numbers(const char *prefix, const cksum_record_t *rec)
4400 {
4401 	fputs(prefix, stdout);
4402 	for (int i = 0; i < VDEV_LABELS; i++)
4403 		if (rec->labels[i] == B_TRUE)
4404 			printf("%d ", i);
4405 	putchar('\n');
4406 }
4407 
4408 #define	MAX_UBERBLOCK_COUNT (VDEV_UBERBLOCK_RING >> UBERBLOCK_SHIFT)
4409 
4410 typedef struct zdb_label {
4411 	vdev_label_t label;
4412 	uint64_t label_offset;
4413 	nvlist_t *config_nv;
4414 	cksum_record_t *config;
4415 	cksum_record_t *uberblocks[MAX_UBERBLOCK_COUNT];
4416 	boolean_t header_printed;
4417 	boolean_t read_failed;
4418 	boolean_t cksum_valid;
4419 } zdb_label_t;
4420 
4421 static void
4422 print_label_header(zdb_label_t *label, int l)
4423 {
4424 
4425 	if (dump_opt['q'])
4426 		return;
4427 
4428 	if (label->header_printed == B_TRUE)
4429 		return;
4430 
4431 	(void) printf("------------------------------------\n");
4432 	(void) printf("LABEL %d %s\n", l,
4433 	    label->cksum_valid ? "" : "(Bad label cksum)");
4434 	(void) printf("------------------------------------\n");
4435 
4436 	label->header_printed = B_TRUE;
4437 }
4438 
4439 static void
4440 print_l2arc_header(void)
4441 {
4442 	(void) printf("------------------------------------\n");
4443 	(void) printf("L2ARC device header\n");
4444 	(void) printf("------------------------------------\n");
4445 }
4446 
4447 static void
4448 print_l2arc_log_blocks(void)
4449 {
4450 	(void) printf("------------------------------------\n");
4451 	(void) printf("L2ARC device log blocks\n");
4452 	(void) printf("------------------------------------\n");
4453 }
4454 
4455 static void
4456 dump_l2arc_log_entries(uint64_t log_entries,
4457     l2arc_log_ent_phys_t *le, uint64_t i)
4458 {
4459 	for (int j = 0; j < log_entries; j++) {
4460 		dva_t dva = le[j].le_dva;
4461 		(void) printf("lb[%4llu]\tle[%4d]\tDVA asize: %llu, "
4462 		    "vdev: %llu, offset: %llu\n",
4463 		    (u_longlong_t)i, j + 1,
4464 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&dva),
4465 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_VDEV(&dva),
4466 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_OFFSET(&dva));
4467 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\tbirth: %llu\n",
4468 		    (u_longlong_t)le[j].le_birth);
4469 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\tlsize: %llu\n",
4470 		    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_LSIZE((&le[j])->le_prop));
4471 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\tpsize: %llu\n",
4472 		    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_PSIZE((&le[j])->le_prop));
4473 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\tcompr: %llu\n",
4474 		    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_COMPRESS((&le[j])->le_prop));
4475 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\tcomplevel: %llu\n",
4476 		    (u_longlong_t)(&le[j])->le_complevel);
4477 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\ttype: %llu\n",
4478 		    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_TYPE((&le[j])->le_prop));
4479 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\tprotected: %llu\n",
4480 		    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_PROTECTED((&le[j])->le_prop));
4481 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\tprefetch: %llu\n",
4482 		    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_PREFETCH((&le[j])->le_prop));
4483 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\taddress: %llu\n",
4484 		    (u_longlong_t)le[j].le_daddr);
4485 		(void) printf("|\t\t\t\tARC state: %llu\n",
4486 		    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_STATE((&le[j])->le_prop));
4487 		(void) printf("|\n");
4488 	}
4489 	(void) printf("\n");
4490 }
4491 
4492 static void
4493 dump_l2arc_log_blkptr(const l2arc_log_blkptr_t *lbps)
4494 {
4495 	(void) printf("|\t\tdaddr: %llu\n", (u_longlong_t)lbps->lbp_daddr);
4496 	(void) printf("|\t\tpayload_asize: %llu\n",
4497 	    (u_longlong_t)lbps->lbp_payload_asize);
4498 	(void) printf("|\t\tpayload_start: %llu\n",
4499 	    (u_longlong_t)lbps->lbp_payload_start);
4500 	(void) printf("|\t\tlsize: %llu\n",
4501 	    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_LSIZE(lbps->lbp_prop));
4502 	(void) printf("|\t\tasize: %llu\n",
4503 	    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_PSIZE(lbps->lbp_prop));
4504 	(void) printf("|\t\tcompralgo: %llu\n",
4505 	    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_COMPRESS(lbps->lbp_prop));
4506 	(void) printf("|\t\tcksumalgo: %llu\n",
4507 	    (u_longlong_t)L2BLK_GET_CHECKSUM(lbps->lbp_prop));
4508 	(void) printf("|\n\n");
4509 }
4510 
4511 static void
4512 dump_l2arc_log_blocks(int fd, const l2arc_dev_hdr_phys_t *l2dhdr,
4513     l2arc_dev_hdr_phys_t *rebuild)
4514 {
4515 	l2arc_log_blk_phys_t this_lb;
4516 	uint64_t asize;
4517 	l2arc_log_blkptr_t lbps[2];
4518 	abd_t *abd;
4519 	zio_cksum_t cksum;
4520 	int failed = 0;
4521 	l2arc_dev_t dev;
4522 
4523 	if (!dump_opt['q'])
4524 		print_l2arc_log_blocks();
4525 	memcpy(lbps, l2dhdr->dh_start_lbps, sizeof (lbps));
4526 
4527 	dev.l2ad_evict = l2dhdr->dh_evict;
4528 	dev.l2ad_start = l2dhdr->dh_start;
4529 	dev.l2ad_end = l2dhdr->dh_end;
4530 
4531 	if (l2dhdr->dh_start_lbps[0].lbp_daddr == 0) {
4532 		/* no log blocks to read */
4533 		if (!dump_opt['q']) {
4534 			(void) printf("No log blocks to read\n");
4535 			(void) printf("\n");
4536 		}
4537 		return;
4538 	} else {
4539 		dev.l2ad_hand = lbps[0].lbp_daddr +
4540 		    L2BLK_GET_PSIZE((&lbps[0])->lbp_prop);
4541 	}
4542 
4543 	dev.l2ad_first = !!(l2dhdr->dh_flags & L2ARC_DEV_HDR_EVICT_FIRST);
4544 
4545 	for (;;) {
4546 		if (!l2arc_log_blkptr_valid(&dev, &lbps[0]))
4547 			break;
4548 
4549 		/* L2BLK_GET_PSIZE returns aligned size for log blocks */
4550 		asize = L2BLK_GET_PSIZE((&lbps[0])->lbp_prop);
4551 		if (pread64(fd, &this_lb, asize, lbps[0].lbp_daddr) != asize) {
4552 			if (!dump_opt['q']) {
4553 				(void) printf("Error while reading next log "
4554 				    "block\n\n");
4555 			}
4556 			break;
4557 		}
4558 
4559 		fletcher_4_native_varsize(&this_lb, asize, &cksum);
4560 		if (!ZIO_CHECKSUM_EQUAL(cksum, lbps[0].lbp_cksum)) {
4561 			failed++;
4562 			if (!dump_opt['q']) {
4563 				(void) printf("Invalid cksum\n");
4564 				dump_l2arc_log_blkptr(&lbps[0]);
4565 			}
4566 			break;
4567 		}
4568 
4569 		switch (L2BLK_GET_COMPRESS((&lbps[0])->lbp_prop)) {
4570 		case ZIO_COMPRESS_OFF:
4571 			break;
4572 		default:
4573 			abd = abd_alloc_for_io(asize, B_TRUE);
4574 			abd_copy_from_buf_off(abd, &this_lb, 0, asize);
4575 			if (zio_decompress_data(L2BLK_GET_COMPRESS(
4576 			    (&lbps[0])->lbp_prop), abd, &this_lb,
4577 			    asize, sizeof (this_lb), NULL) != 0) {
4578 				(void) printf("L2ARC block decompression "
4579 				    "failed\n");
4580 				abd_free(abd);
4581 				goto out;
4582 			}
4583 			abd_free(abd);
4584 			break;
4585 		}
4586 
4587 		if (this_lb.lb_magic == BSWAP_64(L2ARC_LOG_BLK_MAGIC))
4588 			byteswap_uint64_array(&this_lb, sizeof (this_lb));
4589 		if (this_lb.lb_magic != L2ARC_LOG_BLK_MAGIC) {
4590 			if (!dump_opt['q'])
4591 				(void) printf("Invalid log block magic\n\n");
4592 			break;
4593 		}
4594 
4595 		rebuild->dh_lb_count++;
4596 		rebuild->dh_lb_asize += asize;
4597 		if (dump_opt['l'] > 1 && !dump_opt['q']) {
4598 			(void) printf("lb[%4llu]\tmagic: %llu\n",
4599 			    (u_longlong_t)rebuild->dh_lb_count,
4600 			    (u_longlong_t)this_lb.lb_magic);
4601 			dump_l2arc_log_blkptr(&lbps[0]);
4602 		}
4603 
4604 		if (dump_opt['l'] > 2 && !dump_opt['q'])
4605 			dump_l2arc_log_entries(l2dhdr->dh_log_entries,
4606 			    this_lb.lb_entries,
4607 			    rebuild->dh_lb_count);
4608 
4609 		if (l2arc_range_check_overlap(lbps[1].lbp_payload_start,
4610 		    lbps[0].lbp_payload_start, dev.l2ad_evict) &&
4611 		    !dev.l2ad_first)
4612 			break;
4613 
4614 		lbps[0] = lbps[1];
4615 		lbps[1] = this_lb.lb_prev_lbp;
4616 	}
4617 out:
4618 	if (!dump_opt['q']) {
4619 		(void) printf("log_blk_count:\t %llu with valid cksum\n",
4620 		    (u_longlong_t)rebuild->dh_lb_count);
4621 		(void) printf("\t\t %d with invalid cksum\n", failed);
4622 		(void) printf("log_blk_asize:\t %llu\n\n",
4623 		    (u_longlong_t)rebuild->dh_lb_asize);
4624 	}
4625 }
4626 
4627 static int
4628 dump_l2arc_header(int fd)
4629 {
4630 	l2arc_dev_hdr_phys_t l2dhdr = {0}, rebuild = {0};
4631 	int error = B_FALSE;
4632 
4633 	if (pread64(fd, &l2dhdr, sizeof (l2dhdr),
4634 	    VDEV_LABEL_START_SIZE) != sizeof (l2dhdr)) {
4635 		error = B_TRUE;
4636 	} else {
4637 		if (l2dhdr.dh_magic == BSWAP_64(L2ARC_DEV_HDR_MAGIC))
4638 			byteswap_uint64_array(&l2dhdr, sizeof (l2dhdr));
4639 
4640 		if (l2dhdr.dh_magic != L2ARC_DEV_HDR_MAGIC)
4641 			error = B_TRUE;
4642 	}
4643 
4644 	if (error) {
4645 		(void) printf("L2ARC device header not found\n\n");
4646 		/* Do not return an error here for backward compatibility */
4647 		return (0);
4648 	} else if (!dump_opt['q']) {
4649 		print_l2arc_header();
4650 
4651 		(void) printf("    magic: %llu\n",
4652 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_magic);
4653 		(void) printf("    version: %llu\n",
4654 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_version);
4655 		(void) printf("    pool_guid: %llu\n",
4656 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_spa_guid);
4657 		(void) printf("    flags: %llu\n",
4658 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_flags);
4659 		(void) printf("    start_lbps[0]: %llu\n",
4660 		    (u_longlong_t)
4661 		    l2dhdr.dh_start_lbps[0].lbp_daddr);
4662 		(void) printf("    start_lbps[1]: %llu\n",
4663 		    (u_longlong_t)
4664 		    l2dhdr.dh_start_lbps[1].lbp_daddr);
4665 		(void) printf("    log_blk_ent: %llu\n",
4666 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_log_entries);
4667 		(void) printf("    start: %llu\n",
4668 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_start);
4669 		(void) printf("    end: %llu\n",
4670 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_end);
4671 		(void) printf("    evict: %llu\n",
4672 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_evict);
4673 		(void) printf("    lb_asize_refcount: %llu\n",
4674 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_lb_asize);
4675 		(void) printf("    lb_count_refcount: %llu\n",
4676 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_lb_count);
4677 		(void) printf("    trim_action_time: %llu\n",
4678 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_trim_action_time);
4679 		(void) printf("    trim_state: %llu\n\n",
4680 		    (u_longlong_t)l2dhdr.dh_trim_state);
4681 	}
4682 
4683 	dump_l2arc_log_blocks(fd, &l2dhdr, &rebuild);
4684 	/*
4685 	 * The total aligned size of log blocks and the number of log blocks
4686 	 * reported in the header of the device may be less than what zdb
4687 	 * reports by dump_l2arc_log_blocks() which emulates l2arc_rebuild().
4688 	 * This happens because dump_l2arc_log_blocks() lacks the memory
4689 	 * pressure valve that l2arc_rebuild() has. Thus, if we are on a system
4690 	 * with low memory, l2arc_rebuild will exit prematurely and dh_lb_asize
4691 	 * and dh_lb_count will be lower to begin with than what exists on the
4692 	 * device. This is normal and zdb should not exit with an error. The
4693 	 * opposite case should never happen though, the values reported in the
4694 	 * header should never be higher than what dump_l2arc_log_blocks() and
4695 	 * l2arc_rebuild() report. If this happens there is a leak in the
4696 	 * accounting of log blocks.
4697 	 */
4698 	if (l2dhdr.dh_lb_asize > rebuild.dh_lb_asize ||
4699 	    l2dhdr.dh_lb_count > rebuild.dh_lb_count)
4700 		return (1);
4701 
4702 	return (0);
4703 }
4704 
4705 static void
4706 dump_config_from_label(zdb_label_t *label, size_t buflen, int l)
4707 {
4708 	if (dump_opt['q'])
4709 		return;
4710 
4711 	if ((dump_opt['l'] < 3) && (first_label(label->config) != l))
4712 		return;
4713 
4714 	print_label_header(label, l);
4715 	dump_nvlist(label->config_nv, 4);
4716 	print_label_numbers("    labels = ", label->config);
4717 
4718 	if (dump_opt['l'] >= 2)
4719 		dump_nvlist_stats(label->config_nv, buflen);
4720 }
4721 
4722 #define	ZDB_MAX_UB_HEADER_SIZE 32
4723 
4724 static void
4725 dump_label_uberblocks(zdb_label_t *label, uint64_t ashift, int label_num)
4726 {
4727 
4728 	vdev_t vd;
4729 	char header[ZDB_MAX_UB_HEADER_SIZE];
4730 
4731 	vd.vdev_ashift = ashift;
4732 	vd.vdev_top = &vd;
4733 
4734 	for (int i = 0; i < VDEV_UBERBLOCK_COUNT(&vd); i++) {
4735 		uint64_t uoff = VDEV_UBERBLOCK_OFFSET(&vd, i);
4736 		uberblock_t *ub = (void *)((char *)&label->label + uoff);
4737 		cksum_record_t *rec = label->uberblocks[i];
4738 
4739 		if (rec == NULL) {
4740 			if (dump_opt['u'] >= 2) {
4741 				print_label_header(label, label_num);
4742 				(void) printf("    Uberblock[%d] invalid\n", i);
4743 			}
4744 			continue;
4745 		}
4746 
4747 		if ((dump_opt['u'] < 3) && (first_label(rec) != label_num))
4748 			continue;
4749 
4750 		if ((dump_opt['u'] < 4) &&
4751 		    (ub->ub_mmp_magic == MMP_MAGIC) && ub->ub_mmp_delay &&
4752 		    (i >= VDEV_UBERBLOCK_COUNT(&vd) - MMP_BLOCKS_PER_LABEL))
4753 			continue;
4754 
4755 		print_label_header(label, label_num);
4756 		(void) snprintf(header, ZDB_MAX_UB_HEADER_SIZE,
4757 		    "    Uberblock[%d]\n", i);
4758 		dump_uberblock(ub, header, "");
4759 		print_label_numbers("        labels = ", rec);
4760 	}
4761 }
4762 
4763 static char curpath[PATH_MAX];
4764 
4765 /*
4766  * Iterate through the path components, recursively passing
4767  * current one's obj and remaining path until we find the obj
4768  * for the last one.
4769  */
4770 static int
4771 dump_path_impl(objset_t *os, uint64_t obj, char *name, uint64_t *retobj)
4772 {
4773 	int err;
4774 	boolean_t header = B_TRUE;
4775 	uint64_t child_obj;
4776 	char *s;
4777 	dmu_buf_t *db;
4778 	dmu_object_info_t doi;
4779 
4780 	if ((s = strchr(name, '/')) != NULL)
4781 		*s = '\0';
4782 	err = zap_lookup(os, obj, name, 8, 1, &child_obj);
4783 
4784 	(void) strlcat(curpath, name, sizeof (curpath));
4785 
4786 	if (err != 0) {
4787 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to lookup %s: %s\n",
4788 		    curpath, strerror(err));
4789 		return (err);
4790 	}
4791 
4792 	child_obj = ZFS_DIRENT_OBJ(child_obj);
4793 	err = sa_buf_hold(os, child_obj, FTAG, &db);
4794 	if (err != 0) {
4795 		(void) fprintf(stderr,
4796 		    "failed to get SA dbuf for obj %llu: %s\n",
4797 		    (u_longlong_t)child_obj, strerror(err));
4798 		return (EINVAL);
4799 	}
4800 	dmu_object_info_from_db(db, &doi);
4801 	sa_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
4802 
4803 	if (doi.doi_bonus_type != DMU_OT_SA &&
4804 	    doi.doi_bonus_type != DMU_OT_ZNODE) {
4805 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "invalid bonus type %d for obj %llu\n",
4806 		    doi.doi_bonus_type, (u_longlong_t)child_obj);
4807 		return (EINVAL);
4808 	}
4809 
4810 	if (dump_opt['v'] > 6) {
4811 		(void) printf("obj=%llu %s type=%d bonustype=%d\n",
4812 		    (u_longlong_t)child_obj, curpath, doi.doi_type,
4813 		    doi.doi_bonus_type);
4814 	}
4815 
4816 	(void) strlcat(curpath, "/", sizeof (curpath));
4817 
4818 	switch (doi.doi_type) {
4819 	case DMU_OT_DIRECTORY_CONTENTS:
4820 		if (s != NULL && *(s + 1) != '\0')
4821 			return (dump_path_impl(os, child_obj, s + 1, retobj));
4822 		zfs_fallthrough;
4823 	case DMU_OT_PLAIN_FILE_CONTENTS:
4824 		if (retobj != NULL) {
4825 			*retobj = child_obj;
4826 		} else {
4827 			dump_object(os, child_obj, dump_opt['v'], &header,
4828 			    NULL, 0);
4829 		}
4830 		return (0);
4831 	default:
4832 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "object %llu has non-file/directory "
4833 		    "type %d\n", (u_longlong_t)obj, doi.doi_type);
4834 		break;
4835 	}
4836 
4837 	return (EINVAL);
4838 }
4839 
4840 /*
4841  * Dump the blocks for the object specified by path inside the dataset.
4842  */
4843 static int
4844 dump_path(char *ds, char *path, uint64_t *retobj)
4845 {
4846 	int err;
4847 	objset_t *os;
4848 	uint64_t root_obj;
4849 
4850 	err = open_objset(ds, FTAG, &os);
4851 	if (err != 0)
4852 		return (err);
4853 
4854 	err = zap_lookup(os, MASTER_NODE_OBJ, ZFS_ROOT_OBJ, 8, 1, &root_obj);
4855 	if (err != 0) {
4856 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "can't lookup root znode: %s\n",
4857 		    strerror(err));
4858 		close_objset(os, FTAG);
4859 		return (EINVAL);
4860 	}
4861 
4862 	(void) snprintf(curpath, sizeof (curpath), "dataset=%s path=/", ds);
4863 
4864 	err = dump_path_impl(os, root_obj, path, retobj);
4865 
4866 	close_objset(os, FTAG);
4867 	return (err);
4868 }
4869 
4870 static int
4871 dump_backup_bytes(objset_t *os, void *buf, int len, void *arg)
4872 {
4873 	const char *p = (const char *)buf;
4874 	ssize_t nwritten;
4875 
4876 	(void) os;
4877 	(void) arg;
4878 
4879 	/* Write the data out, handling short writes and signals. */
4880 	while ((nwritten = write(STDOUT_FILENO, p, len)) < len) {
4881 		if (nwritten < 0) {
4882 			if (errno == EINTR)
4883 				continue;
4884 			return (errno);
4885 		}
4886 		p += nwritten;
4887 		len -= nwritten;
4888 	}
4889 
4890 	return (0);
4891 }
4892 
4893 static void
4894 dump_backup(const char *pool, uint64_t objset_id, const char *flagstr)
4895 {
4896 	boolean_t embed = B_FALSE;
4897 	boolean_t large_block = B_FALSE;
4898 	boolean_t compress = B_FALSE;
4899 	boolean_t raw = B_FALSE;
4900 
4901 	const char *c;
4902 	for (c = flagstr; c != NULL && *c != '\0'; c++) {
4903 		switch (*c) {
4904 			case 'e':
4905 				embed = B_TRUE;
4906 				break;
4907 			case 'L':
4908 				large_block = B_TRUE;
4909 				break;
4910 			case 'c':
4911 				compress = B_TRUE;
4912 				break;
4913 			case 'w':
4914 				raw = B_TRUE;
4915 				break;
4916 			default:
4917 				fprintf(stderr, "dump_backup: invalid flag "
4918 				    "'%c'\n", *c);
4919 				return;
4920 		}
4921 	}
4922 
4923 	if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) {
4924 		fprintf(stderr, "dump_backup: stream cannot be written "
4925 		    "to a terminal\n");
4926 		return;
4927 	}
4928 
4929 	offset_t off = 0;
4930 	dmu_send_outparams_t out = {
4931 	    .dso_outfunc = dump_backup_bytes,
4932 	    .dso_dryrun  = B_FALSE,
4933 	};
4934 
4935 	int err = dmu_send_obj(pool, objset_id, /* fromsnap */0, embed,
4936 	    large_block, compress, raw, /* saved */ B_FALSE, STDOUT_FILENO,
4937 	    &off, &out);
4938 	if (err != 0) {
4939 		fprintf(stderr, "dump_backup: dmu_send_obj: %s\n",
4940 		    strerror(err));
4941 		return;
4942 	}
4943 }
4944 
4945 static int
4946 zdb_copy_object(objset_t *os, uint64_t srcobj, char *destfile)
4947 {
4948 	int err = 0;
4949 	uint64_t size, readsize, oursize, offset;
4950 	ssize_t writesize;
4951 	sa_handle_t *hdl;
4952 
4953 	(void) printf("Copying object %" PRIu64 " to file %s\n", srcobj,
4954 	    destfile);
4955 
4956 	VERIFY3P(os, ==, sa_os);
4957 	if ((err = sa_handle_get(os, srcobj, NULL, SA_HDL_PRIVATE, &hdl))) {
4958 		(void) printf("Failed to get handle for SA znode\n");
4959 		return (err);
4960 	}
4961 	if ((err = sa_lookup(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_SIZE], &size, 8))) {
4962 		(void) sa_handle_destroy(hdl);
4963 		return (err);
4964 	}
4965 	(void) sa_handle_destroy(hdl);
4966 
4967 	(void) printf("Object %" PRIu64 " is %" PRIu64 " bytes\n", srcobj,
4968 	    size);
4969 	if (size == 0) {
4970 		return (EINVAL);
4971 	}
4972 
4973 	int fd = open(destfile, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
4974 	if (fd == -1)
4975 		return (errno);
4976 	/*
4977 	 * We cap the size at 1 mebibyte here to prevent
4978 	 * allocation failures and nigh-infinite printing if the
4979 	 * object is extremely large.
4980 	 */
4981 	oursize = MIN(size, 1 << 20);
4982 	offset = 0;
4983 	char *buf = kmem_alloc(oursize, KM_NOSLEEP);
4984 	if (buf == NULL) {
4985 		(void) close(fd);
4986 		return (ENOMEM);
4987 	}
4988 
4989 	while (offset < size) {
4990 		readsize = MIN(size - offset, 1 << 20);
4991 		err = dmu_read(os, srcobj, offset, readsize, buf, 0);
4992 		if (err != 0) {
4993 			(void) printf("got error %u from dmu_read\n", err);
4994 			kmem_free(buf, oursize);
4995 			(void) close(fd);
4996 			return (err);
4997 		}
4998 		if (dump_opt['v'] > 3) {
4999 			(void) printf("Read offset=%" PRIu64 " size=%" PRIu64
5000 			    " error=%d\n", offset, readsize, err);
5001 		}
5002 
5003 		writesize = write(fd, buf, readsize);
5004 		if (writesize < 0) {
5005 			err = errno;
5006 			break;
5007 		} else if (writesize != readsize) {
5008 			/* Incomplete write */
5009 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "Short write, only wrote %llu of"
5010 			    " %" PRIu64 " bytes, exiting...\n",
5011 			    (u_longlong_t)writesize, readsize);
5012 			break;
5013 		}
5014 
5015 		offset += readsize;
5016 	}
5017 
5018 	(void) close(fd);
5019 
5020 	if (buf != NULL)
5021 		kmem_free(buf, oursize);
5022 
5023 	return (err);
5024 }
5025 
5026 static boolean_t
5027 label_cksum_valid(vdev_label_t *label, uint64_t offset)
5028 {
5029 	zio_checksum_info_t *ci = &zio_checksum_table[ZIO_CHECKSUM_LABEL];
5030 	zio_cksum_t expected_cksum;
5031 	zio_cksum_t actual_cksum;
5032 	zio_cksum_t verifier;
5033 	zio_eck_t *eck;
5034 	int byteswap;
5035 
5036 	void *data = (char *)label + offsetof(vdev_label_t, vl_vdev_phys);
5037 	eck = (zio_eck_t *)((char *)(data) + VDEV_PHYS_SIZE) - 1;
5038 
5039 	offset += offsetof(vdev_label_t, vl_vdev_phys);
5040 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(&verifier, offset, 0, 0, 0);
5041 
5042 	byteswap = (eck->zec_magic == BSWAP_64(ZEC_MAGIC));
5043 	if (byteswap)
5044 		byteswap_uint64_array(&verifier, sizeof (zio_cksum_t));
5045 
5046 	expected_cksum = eck->zec_cksum;
5047 	eck->zec_cksum = verifier;
5048 
5049 	abd_t *abd = abd_get_from_buf(data, VDEV_PHYS_SIZE);
5050 	ci->ci_func[byteswap](abd, VDEV_PHYS_SIZE, NULL, &actual_cksum);
5051 	abd_free(abd);
5052 
5053 	if (byteswap)
5054 		byteswap_uint64_array(&expected_cksum, sizeof (zio_cksum_t));
5055 
5056 	if (ZIO_CHECKSUM_EQUAL(actual_cksum, expected_cksum))
5057 		return (B_TRUE);
5058 
5059 	return (B_FALSE);
5060 }
5061 
5062 static int
5063 dump_label(const char *dev)
5064 {
5065 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
5066 	zdb_label_t labels[VDEV_LABELS] = {{{{0}}}};
5067 	uint64_t psize, ashift, l2cache;
5068 	struct stat64 statbuf;
5069 	boolean_t config_found = B_FALSE;
5070 	boolean_t error = B_FALSE;
5071 	boolean_t read_l2arc_header = B_FALSE;
5072 	avl_tree_t config_tree;
5073 	avl_tree_t uberblock_tree;
5074 	void *node, *cookie;
5075 	int fd;
5076 
5077 	/*
5078 	 * Check if we were given absolute path and use it as is.
5079 	 * Otherwise if the provided vdev name doesn't point to a file,
5080 	 * try prepending expected disk paths and partition numbers.
5081 	 */
5082 	(void) strlcpy(path, dev, sizeof (path));
5083 	if (dev[0] != '/' && stat64(path, &statbuf) != 0) {
5084 		int error;
5085 
5086 		error = zfs_resolve_shortname(dev, path, MAXPATHLEN);
5087 		if (error == 0 && zfs_dev_is_whole_disk(path)) {
5088 			if (zfs_append_partition(path, MAXPATHLEN) == -1)
5089 				error = ENOENT;
5090 		}
5091 
5092 		if (error || (stat64(path, &statbuf) != 0)) {
5093 			(void) printf("failed to find device %s, try "
5094 			    "specifying absolute path instead\n", dev);
5095 			return (1);
5096 		}
5097 	}
5098 
5099 	if ((fd = open64(path, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
5100 		(void) printf("cannot open '%s': %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
5101 		exit(1);
5102 	}
5103 
5104 	if (fstat64_blk(fd, &statbuf) != 0) {
5105 		(void) printf("failed to stat '%s': %s\n", path,
5106 		    strerror(errno));
5107 		(void) close(fd);
5108 		exit(1);
5109 	}
5110 
5111 	if (S_ISBLK(statbuf.st_mode) && zfs_dev_flush(fd) != 0)
5112 		(void) printf("failed to invalidate cache '%s' : %s\n", path,
5113 		    strerror(errno));
5114 
5115 	avl_create(&config_tree, cksum_record_compare,
5116 	    sizeof (cksum_record_t), offsetof(cksum_record_t, link));
5117 	avl_create(&uberblock_tree, cksum_record_compare,
5118 	    sizeof (cksum_record_t), offsetof(cksum_record_t, link));
5119 
5120 	psize = statbuf.st_size;
5121 	psize = P2ALIGN(psize, (uint64_t)sizeof (vdev_label_t));
5122 	ashift = SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT;
5123 
5124 	/*
5125 	 * 1. Read the label from disk
5126 	 * 2. Verify label cksum
5127 	 * 3. Unpack the configuration and insert in config tree.
5128 	 * 4. Traverse all uberblocks and insert in uberblock tree.
5129 	 */
5130 	for (int l = 0; l < VDEV_LABELS; l++) {
5131 		zdb_label_t *label = &labels[l];
5132 		char *buf = label->label.vl_vdev_phys.vp_nvlist;
5133 		size_t buflen = sizeof (label->label.vl_vdev_phys.vp_nvlist);
5134 		nvlist_t *config;
5135 		cksum_record_t *rec;
5136 		zio_cksum_t cksum;
5137 		vdev_t vd;
5138 
5139 		label->label_offset = vdev_label_offset(psize, l, 0);
5140 
5141 		if (pread64(fd, &label->label, sizeof (label->label),
5142 		    label->label_offset) != sizeof (label->label)) {
5143 			if (!dump_opt['q'])
5144 				(void) printf("failed to read label %d\n", l);
5145 			label->read_failed = B_TRUE;
5146 			error = B_TRUE;
5147 			continue;
5148 		}
5149 
5150 		label->read_failed = B_FALSE;
5151 		label->cksum_valid = label_cksum_valid(&label->label,
5152 		    label->label_offset);
5153 
5154 		if (nvlist_unpack(buf, buflen, &config, 0) == 0) {
5155 			nvlist_t *vdev_tree = NULL;
5156 			size_t size;
5157 
5158 			if ((nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config,
5159 			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE, &vdev_tree) != 0) ||
5160 			    (nvlist_lookup_uint64(vdev_tree,
5161 			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_ASHIFT, &ashift) != 0))
5162 				ashift = SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT;
5163 
5164 			if (nvlist_size(config, &size, NV_ENCODE_XDR) != 0)
5165 				size = buflen;
5166 
5167 			/* If the device is a cache device read the header. */
5168 			if (!read_l2arc_header) {
5169 				if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(config,
5170 				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_STATE, &l2cache) == 0 &&
5171 				    l2cache == POOL_STATE_L2CACHE) {
5172 					read_l2arc_header = B_TRUE;
5173 				}
5174 			}
5175 
5176 			fletcher_4_native_varsize(buf, size, &cksum);
5177 			rec = cksum_record_insert(&config_tree, &cksum, l);
5178 
5179 			label->config = rec;
5180 			label->config_nv = config;
5181 			config_found = B_TRUE;
5182 		} else {
5183 			error = B_TRUE;
5184 		}
5185 
5186 		vd.vdev_ashift = ashift;
5187 		vd.vdev_top = &vd;
5188 
5189 		for (int i = 0; i < VDEV_UBERBLOCK_COUNT(&vd); i++) {
5190 			uint64_t uoff = VDEV_UBERBLOCK_OFFSET(&vd, i);
5191 			uberblock_t *ub = (void *)((char *)label + uoff);
5192 
5193 			if (uberblock_verify(ub))
5194 				continue;
5195 
5196 			fletcher_4_native_varsize(ub, sizeof (*ub), &cksum);
5197 			rec = cksum_record_insert(&uberblock_tree, &cksum, l);
5198 
5199 			label->uberblocks[i] = rec;
5200 		}
5201 	}
5202 
5203 	/*
5204 	 * Dump the label and uberblocks.
5205 	 */
5206 	for (int l = 0; l < VDEV_LABELS; l++) {
5207 		zdb_label_t *label = &labels[l];
5208 		size_t buflen = sizeof (label->label.vl_vdev_phys.vp_nvlist);
5209 
5210 		if (label->read_failed == B_TRUE)
5211 			continue;
5212 
5213 		if (label->config_nv) {
5214 			dump_config_from_label(label, buflen, l);
5215 		} else {
5216 			if (!dump_opt['q'])
5217 				(void) printf("failed to unpack label %d\n", l);
5218 		}
5219 
5220 		if (dump_opt['u'])
5221 			dump_label_uberblocks(label, ashift, l);
5222 
5223 		nvlist_free(label->config_nv);
5224 	}
5225 
5226 	/*
5227 	 * Dump the L2ARC header, if existent.
5228 	 */
5229 	if (read_l2arc_header)
5230 		error |= dump_l2arc_header(fd);
5231 
5232 	cookie = NULL;
5233 	while ((node = avl_destroy_nodes(&config_tree, &cookie)) != NULL)
5234 		umem_free(node, sizeof (cksum_record_t));
5235 
5236 	cookie = NULL;
5237 	while ((node = avl_destroy_nodes(&uberblock_tree, &cookie)) != NULL)
5238 		umem_free(node, sizeof (cksum_record_t));
5239 
5240 	avl_destroy(&config_tree);
5241 	avl_destroy(&uberblock_tree);
5242 
5243 	(void) close(fd);
5244 
5245 	return (config_found == B_FALSE ? 2 :
5246 	    (error == B_TRUE ? 1 : 0));
5247 }
5248 
5249 static uint64_t dataset_feature_count[SPA_FEATURES];
5250 static uint64_t global_feature_count[SPA_FEATURES];
5251 static uint64_t remap_deadlist_count = 0;
5252 
5253 static int
5254 dump_one_objset(const char *dsname, void *arg)
5255 {
5256 	(void) arg;
5257 	int error;
5258 	objset_t *os;
5259 	spa_feature_t f;
5260 
5261 	error = open_objset(dsname, FTAG, &os);
5262 	if (error != 0)
5263 		return (0);
5264 
5265 	for (f = 0; f < SPA_FEATURES; f++) {
5266 		if (!dsl_dataset_feature_is_active(dmu_objset_ds(os), f))
5267 			continue;
5268 		ASSERT(spa_feature_table[f].fi_flags &
5269 		    ZFEATURE_FLAG_PER_DATASET);
5270 		dataset_feature_count[f]++;
5271 	}
5272 
5273 	if (dsl_dataset_remap_deadlist_exists(dmu_objset_ds(os))) {
5274 		remap_deadlist_count++;
5275 	}
5276 
5277 	for (dsl_bookmark_node_t *dbn =
5278 	    avl_first(&dmu_objset_ds(os)->ds_bookmarks); dbn != NULL;
5279 	    dbn = AVL_NEXT(&dmu_objset_ds(os)->ds_bookmarks, dbn)) {
5280 		mos_obj_refd(dbn->dbn_phys.zbm_redaction_obj);
5281 		if (dbn->dbn_phys.zbm_redaction_obj != 0) {
5282 			global_feature_count[
5283 			    SPA_FEATURE_REDACTION_BOOKMARKS]++;
5284 			objset_t *mos = os->os_spa->spa_meta_objset;
5285 			dnode_t *rl;
5286 			VERIFY0(dnode_hold(mos,
5287 			    dbn->dbn_phys.zbm_redaction_obj, FTAG, &rl));
5288 			if (rl->dn_have_spill) {
5289 				global_feature_count[
5290 				    SPA_FEATURE_REDACTION_LIST_SPILL]++;
5291 			}
5292 		}
5293 		if (dbn->dbn_phys.zbm_flags & ZBM_FLAG_HAS_FBN)
5294 			global_feature_count[SPA_FEATURE_BOOKMARK_WRITTEN]++;
5295 	}
5296 
5297 	if (dsl_deadlist_is_open(&dmu_objset_ds(os)->ds_dir->dd_livelist) &&
5298 	    !dmu_objset_is_snapshot(os)) {
5299 		global_feature_count[SPA_FEATURE_LIVELIST]++;
5300 	}
5301 
5302 	dump_objset(os);
5303 	close_objset(os, FTAG);
5304 	fuid_table_destroy();
5305 	return (0);
5306 }
5307 
5308 /*
5309  * Block statistics.
5310  */
5311 #define	PSIZE_HISTO_SIZE (SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE / SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE + 2)
5312 typedef struct zdb_blkstats {
5313 	uint64_t zb_asize;
5314 	uint64_t zb_lsize;
5315 	uint64_t zb_psize;
5316 	uint64_t zb_count;
5317 	uint64_t zb_gangs;
5318 	uint64_t zb_ditto_samevdev;
5319 	uint64_t zb_ditto_same_ms;
5320 	uint64_t zb_psize_histogram[PSIZE_HISTO_SIZE];
5321 } zdb_blkstats_t;
5322 
5323 /*
5324  * Extended object types to report deferred frees and dedup auto-ditto blocks.
5325  */
5326 #define	ZDB_OT_DEFERRED	(DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 0)
5327 #define	ZDB_OT_DITTO	(DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 1)
5328 #define	ZDB_OT_OTHER	(DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 2)
5329 #define	ZDB_OT_TOTAL	(DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 3)
5330 
5331 static const char *zdb_ot_extname[] = {
5332 	"deferred free",
5333 	"dedup ditto",
5334 	"other",
5335 	"Total",
5336 };
5337 
5338 #define	ZB_TOTAL	DN_MAX_LEVELS
5339 #define	SPA_MAX_FOR_16M	(SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT+1)
5340 
5341 typedef struct zdb_brt_entry {
5342 	dva_t		zbre_dva;
5343 	uint64_t	zbre_refcount;
5344 	avl_node_t	zbre_node;
5345 } zdb_brt_entry_t;
5346 
5347 typedef struct zdb_cb {
5348 	zdb_blkstats_t	zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL + 1][ZDB_OT_TOTAL + 1];
5349 	uint64_t	zcb_removing_size;
5350 	uint64_t	zcb_checkpoint_size;
5351 	uint64_t	zcb_dedup_asize;
5352 	uint64_t	zcb_dedup_blocks;
5353 	uint64_t	zcb_clone_asize;
5354 	uint64_t	zcb_clone_blocks;
5355 	uint64_t	zcb_psize_count[SPA_MAX_FOR_16M];
5356 	uint64_t	zcb_lsize_count[SPA_MAX_FOR_16M];
5357 	uint64_t	zcb_asize_count[SPA_MAX_FOR_16M];
5358 	uint64_t	zcb_psize_len[SPA_MAX_FOR_16M];
5359 	uint64_t	zcb_lsize_len[SPA_MAX_FOR_16M];
5360 	uint64_t	zcb_asize_len[SPA_MAX_FOR_16M];
5361 	uint64_t	zcb_psize_total;
5362 	uint64_t	zcb_lsize_total;
5363 	uint64_t	zcb_asize_total;
5364 	uint64_t	zcb_embedded_blocks[NUM_BP_EMBEDDED_TYPES];
5365 	uint64_t	zcb_embedded_histogram[NUM_BP_EMBEDDED_TYPES]
5366 	    [BPE_PAYLOAD_SIZE + 1];
5367 	uint64_t	zcb_start;
5368 	hrtime_t	zcb_lastprint;
5369 	uint64_t	zcb_totalasize;
5370 	uint64_t	zcb_errors[256];
5371 	int		zcb_readfails;
5372 	int		zcb_haderrors;
5373 	spa_t		*zcb_spa;
5374 	uint32_t	**zcb_vd_obsolete_counts;
5375 	avl_tree_t	zcb_brt;
5376 	boolean_t	zcb_brt_is_active;
5377 } zdb_cb_t;
5378 
5379 /* test if two DVA offsets from same vdev are within the same metaslab */
5380 static boolean_t
5381 same_metaslab(spa_t *spa, uint64_t vdev, uint64_t off1, uint64_t off2)
5382 {
5383 	vdev_t *vd = vdev_lookup_top(spa, vdev);
5384 	uint64_t ms_shift = vd->vdev_ms_shift;
5385 
5386 	return ((off1 >> ms_shift) == (off2 >> ms_shift));
5387 }
5388 
5389 /*
5390  * Used to simplify reporting of the histogram data.
5391  */
5392 typedef struct one_histo {
5393 	const char *name;
5394 	uint64_t *count;
5395 	uint64_t *len;
5396 	uint64_t cumulative;
5397 } one_histo_t;
5398 
5399 /*
5400  * The number of separate histograms processed for psize, lsize and asize.
5401  */
5402 #define	NUM_HISTO 3
5403 
5404 /*
5405  * This routine will create a fixed column size output of three different
5406  * histograms showing by blocksize of 512 - 2^ SPA_MAX_FOR_16M
5407  * the count, length and cumulative length of the psize, lsize and
5408  * asize blocks.
5409  *
5410  * All three types of blocks are listed on a single line
5411  *
5412  * By default the table is printed in nicenumber format (e.g. 123K) but
5413  * if the '-P' parameter is specified then the full raw number (parseable)
5414  * is printed out.
5415  */
5416 static void
5417 dump_size_histograms(zdb_cb_t *zcb)
5418 {
5419 	/*
5420 	 * A temporary buffer that allows us to convert a number into
5421 	 * a string using zdb_nicenumber to allow either raw or human
5422 	 * readable numbers to be output.
5423 	 */
5424 	char numbuf[32];
5425 
5426 	/*
5427 	 * Define titles which are used in the headers of the tables
5428 	 * printed by this routine.
5429 	 */
5430 	const char blocksize_title1[] = "block";
5431 	const char blocksize_title2[] = "size";
5432 	const char count_title[] = "Count";
5433 	const char length_title[] = "Size";
5434 	const char cumulative_title[] = "Cum.";
5435 
5436 	/*
5437 	 * Setup the histogram arrays (psize, lsize, and asize).
5438 	 */
5439 	one_histo_t parm_histo[NUM_HISTO];
5440 
5441 	parm_histo[0].name = "psize";
5442 	parm_histo[0].count = zcb->zcb_psize_count;
5443 	parm_histo[0].len = zcb->zcb_psize_len;
5444 	parm_histo[0].cumulative = 0;
5445 
5446 	parm_histo[1].name = "lsize";
5447 	parm_histo[1].count = zcb->zcb_lsize_count;
5448 	parm_histo[1].len = zcb->zcb_lsize_len;
5449 	parm_histo[1].cumulative = 0;
5450 
5451 	parm_histo[2].name = "asize";
5452 	parm_histo[2].count = zcb->zcb_asize_count;
5453 	parm_histo[2].len = zcb->zcb_asize_len;
5454 	parm_histo[2].cumulative = 0;
5455 
5456 
5457 	(void) printf("\nBlock Size Histogram\n");
5458 	/*
5459 	 * Print the first line titles
5460 	 */
5461 	if (dump_opt['P'])
5462 		(void) printf("\n%s\t", blocksize_title1);
5463 	else
5464 		(void) printf("\n%7s   ", blocksize_title1);
5465 
5466 	for (int j = 0; j < NUM_HISTO; j++) {
5467 		if (dump_opt['P']) {
5468 			if (j < NUM_HISTO - 1) {
5469 				(void) printf("%s\t\t\t", parm_histo[j].name);
5470 			} else {
5471 				/* Don't print trailing spaces */
5472 				(void) printf("  %s", parm_histo[j].name);
5473 			}
5474 		} else {
5475 			if (j < NUM_HISTO - 1) {
5476 				/* Left aligned strings in the output */
5477 				(void) printf("%-7s              ",
5478 				    parm_histo[j].name);
5479 			} else {
5480 				/* Don't print trailing spaces */
5481 				(void) printf("%s", parm_histo[j].name);
5482 			}
5483 		}
5484 	}
5485 	(void) printf("\n");
5486 
5487 	/*
5488 	 * Print the second line titles
5489 	 */
5490 	if (dump_opt['P']) {
5491 		(void) printf("%s\t", blocksize_title2);
5492 	} else {
5493 		(void) printf("%7s ", blocksize_title2);
5494 	}
5495 
5496 	for (int i = 0; i < NUM_HISTO; i++) {
5497 		if (dump_opt['P']) {
5498 			(void) printf("%s\t%s\t%s\t",
5499 			    count_title, length_title, cumulative_title);
5500 		} else {
5501 			(void) printf("%7s%7s%7s",
5502 			    count_title, length_title, cumulative_title);
5503 		}
5504 	}
5505 	(void) printf("\n");
5506 
5507 	/*
5508 	 * Print the rows
5509 	 */
5510 	for (int i = SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT; i < SPA_MAX_FOR_16M; i++) {
5511 
5512 		/*
5513 		 * Print the first column showing the blocksize
5514 		 */
5515 		zdb_nicenum((1ULL << i), numbuf, sizeof (numbuf));
5516 
5517 		if (dump_opt['P']) {
5518 			printf("%s", numbuf);
5519 		} else {
5520 			printf("%7s:", numbuf);
5521 		}
5522 
5523 		/*
5524 		 * Print the remaining set of 3 columns per size:
5525 		 * for psize, lsize and asize
5526 		 */
5527 		for (int j = 0; j < NUM_HISTO; j++) {
5528 			parm_histo[j].cumulative += parm_histo[j].len[i];
5529 
5530 			zdb_nicenum(parm_histo[j].count[i],
5531 			    numbuf, sizeof (numbuf));
5532 			if (dump_opt['P'])
5533 				(void) printf("\t%s", numbuf);
5534 			else
5535 				(void) printf("%7s", numbuf);
5536 
5537 			zdb_nicenum(parm_histo[j].len[i],
5538 			    numbuf, sizeof (numbuf));
5539 			if (dump_opt['P'])
5540 				(void) printf("\t%s", numbuf);
5541 			else
5542 				(void) printf("%7s", numbuf);
5543 
5544 			zdb_nicenum(parm_histo[j].cumulative,
5545 			    numbuf, sizeof (numbuf));
5546 			if (dump_opt['P'])
5547 				(void) printf("\t%s", numbuf);
5548 			else
5549 				(void) printf("%7s", numbuf);
5550 		}
5551 		(void) printf("\n");
5552 	}
5553 }
5554 
5555 static void
5556 zdb_count_block(zdb_cb_t *zcb, zilog_t *zilog, const blkptr_t *bp,
5557     dmu_object_type_t type)
5558 {
5559 	uint64_t refcnt = 0;
5560 	int i;
5561 
5562 	ASSERT(type < ZDB_OT_TOTAL);
5563 
5564 	if (zilog && zil_bp_tree_add(zilog, bp) != 0)
5565 		return;
5566 
5567 	spa_config_enter(zcb->zcb_spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG, RW_READER);
5568 
5569 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
5570 		int l = (i < 2) ? BP_GET_LEVEL(bp) : ZB_TOTAL;
5571 		int t = (i & 1) ? type : ZDB_OT_TOTAL;
5572 		int equal;
5573 		zdb_blkstats_t *zb = &zcb->zcb_type[l][t];
5574 
5575 		zb->zb_asize += BP_GET_ASIZE(bp);
5576 		zb->zb_lsize += BP_GET_LSIZE(bp);
5577 		zb->zb_psize += BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
5578 		zb->zb_count++;
5579 
5580 		/*
5581 		 * The histogram is only big enough to record blocks up to
5582 		 * SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE; larger blocks go into the last,
5583 		 * "other", bucket.
5584 		 */
5585 		unsigned idx = BP_GET_PSIZE(bp) >> SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT;
5586 		idx = MIN(idx, SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE / SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE + 1);
5587 		zb->zb_psize_histogram[idx]++;
5588 
5589 		zb->zb_gangs += BP_COUNT_GANG(bp);
5590 
5591 		switch (BP_GET_NDVAS(bp)) {
5592 		case 2:
5593 			if (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]) ==
5594 			    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[1])) {
5595 				zb->zb_ditto_samevdev++;
5596 
5597 				if (same_metaslab(zcb->zcb_spa,
5598 				    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]),
5599 				    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&bp->blk_dva[0]),
5600 				    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&bp->blk_dva[1])))
5601 					zb->zb_ditto_same_ms++;
5602 			}
5603 			break;
5604 		case 3:
5605 			equal = (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]) ==
5606 			    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[1])) +
5607 			    (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]) ==
5608 			    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[2])) +
5609 			    (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[1]) ==
5610 			    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[2]));
5611 			if (equal != 0) {
5612 				zb->zb_ditto_samevdev++;
5613 
5614 				if (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]) ==
5615 				    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[1]) &&
5616 				    same_metaslab(zcb->zcb_spa,
5617 				    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]),
5618 				    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&bp->blk_dva[0]),
5619 				    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&bp->blk_dva[1])))
5620 					zb->zb_ditto_same_ms++;
5621 				else if (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]) ==
5622 				    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[2]) &&
5623 				    same_metaslab(zcb->zcb_spa,
5624 				    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]),
5625 				    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&bp->blk_dva[0]),
5626 				    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&bp->blk_dva[2])))
5627 					zb->zb_ditto_same_ms++;
5628 				else if (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[1]) ==
5629 				    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[2]) &&
5630 				    same_metaslab(zcb->zcb_spa,
5631 				    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[1]),
5632 				    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&bp->blk_dva[1]),
5633 				    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&bp->blk_dva[2])))
5634 					zb->zb_ditto_same_ms++;
5635 			}
5636 			break;
5637 		}
5638 	}
5639 
5640 	spa_config_exit(zcb->zcb_spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG);
5641 
5642 	if (BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp)) {
5643 		zcb->zcb_embedded_blocks[BPE_GET_ETYPE(bp)]++;
5644 		zcb->zcb_embedded_histogram[BPE_GET_ETYPE(bp)]
5645 		    [BPE_GET_PSIZE(bp)]++;
5646 		return;
5647 	}
5648 	/*
5649 	 * The binning histogram bins by powers of two up to
5650 	 * SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE rather than creating bins for
5651 	 * every possible blocksize found in the pool.
5652 	 */
5653 	int bin = highbit64(BP_GET_PSIZE(bp)) - 1;
5654 
5655 	zcb->zcb_psize_count[bin]++;
5656 	zcb->zcb_psize_len[bin] += BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
5657 	zcb->zcb_psize_total += BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
5658 
5659 	bin = highbit64(BP_GET_LSIZE(bp)) - 1;
5660 
5661 	zcb->zcb_lsize_count[bin]++;
5662 	zcb->zcb_lsize_len[bin] += BP_GET_LSIZE(bp);
5663 	zcb->zcb_lsize_total += BP_GET_LSIZE(bp);
5664 
5665 	bin = highbit64(BP_GET_ASIZE(bp)) - 1;
5666 
5667 	zcb->zcb_asize_count[bin]++;
5668 	zcb->zcb_asize_len[bin] += BP_GET_ASIZE(bp);
5669 	zcb->zcb_asize_total += BP_GET_ASIZE(bp);
5670 
5671 	if (zcb->zcb_brt_is_active && brt_maybe_exists(zcb->zcb_spa, bp)) {
5672 		/*
5673 		 * Cloned blocks are special. We need to count them, so we can
5674 		 * later uncount them when reporting leaked space, and we must
5675 		 * only claim them them once.
5676 		 *
5677 		 * To do this, we keep our own in-memory BRT. For each block
5678 		 * we haven't seen before, we look it up in the real BRT and
5679 		 * if its there, we note it and its refcount then proceed as
5680 		 * normal. If we see the block again, we count it as a clone
5681 		 * and then give it no further consideration.
5682 		 */
5683 		zdb_brt_entry_t zbre_search, *zbre;
5684 		avl_index_t where;
5685 
5686 		zbre_search.zbre_dva = bp->blk_dva[0];
5687 		zbre = avl_find(&zcb->zcb_brt, &zbre_search, &where);
5688 		if (zbre != NULL) {
5689 			zcb->zcb_clone_asize += BP_GET_ASIZE(bp);
5690 			zcb->zcb_clone_blocks++;
5691 
5692 			zbre->zbre_refcount--;
5693 			if (zbre->zbre_refcount == 0) {
5694 				avl_remove(&zcb->zcb_brt, zbre);
5695 				umem_free(zbre, sizeof (zdb_brt_entry_t));
5696 			}
5697 			return;
5698 		}
5699 
5700 		uint64_t crefcnt = brt_entry_get_refcount(zcb->zcb_spa, bp);
5701 		if (crefcnt > 0) {
5702 			zbre = umem_zalloc(sizeof (zdb_brt_entry_t),
5703 			    UMEM_NOFAIL);
5704 			zbre->zbre_dva = bp->blk_dva[0];
5705 			zbre->zbre_refcount = crefcnt;
5706 			avl_insert(&zcb->zcb_brt, zbre, where);
5707 		}
5708 	}
5709 
5710 	if (dump_opt['L'])
5711 		return;
5712 
5713 	if (BP_GET_DEDUP(bp)) {
5714 		ddt_t *ddt;
5715 		ddt_entry_t *dde;
5716 
5717 		ddt = ddt_select(zcb->zcb_spa, bp);
5718 		ddt_enter(ddt);
5719 		dde = ddt_lookup(ddt, bp, B_FALSE);
5720 
5721 		if (dde == NULL) {
5722 			refcnt = 0;
5723 		} else {
5724 			ddt_phys_t *ddp = ddt_phys_select(dde, bp);
5725 			ddt_phys_decref(ddp);
5726 			refcnt = ddp->ddp_refcnt;
5727 			if (ddt_phys_total_refcnt(dde) == 0)
5728 				ddt_remove(ddt, dde);
5729 		}
5730 		ddt_exit(ddt);
5731 	}
5732 
5733 	VERIFY3U(zio_wait(zio_claim(NULL, zcb->zcb_spa,
5734 	    refcnt ? 0 : spa_min_claim_txg(zcb->zcb_spa),
5735 	    bp, NULL, NULL, ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL)), ==, 0);
5736 }
5737 
5738 static void
5739 zdb_blkptr_done(zio_t *zio)
5740 {
5741 	spa_t *spa = zio->io_spa;
5742 	blkptr_t *bp = zio->io_bp;
5743 	int ioerr = zio->io_error;
5744 	zdb_cb_t *zcb = zio->io_private;
5745 	zbookmark_phys_t *zb = &zio->io_bookmark;
5746 
5747 	mutex_enter(&spa->spa_scrub_lock);
5748 	spa->spa_load_verify_bytes -= BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
5749 	cv_broadcast(&spa->spa_scrub_io_cv);
5750 
5751 	if (ioerr && !(zio->io_flags & ZIO_FLAG_SPECULATIVE)) {
5752 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
5753 
5754 		zcb->zcb_haderrors = 1;
5755 		zcb->zcb_errors[ioerr]++;
5756 
5757 		if (dump_opt['b'] >= 2)
5758 			snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
5759 		else
5760 			blkbuf[0] = '\0';
5761 
5762 		(void) printf("zdb_blkptr_cb: "
5763 		    "Got error %d reading "
5764 		    "<%llu, %llu, %lld, %llx> %s -- skipping\n",
5765 		    ioerr,
5766 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_objset,
5767 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_object,
5768 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_level,
5769 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_blkid,
5770 		    blkbuf);
5771 	}
5772 	mutex_exit(&spa->spa_scrub_lock);
5773 
5774 	abd_free(zio->io_abd);
5775 }
5776 
5777 static int
5778 zdb_blkptr_cb(spa_t *spa, zilog_t *zilog, const blkptr_t *bp,
5779     const zbookmark_phys_t *zb, const dnode_phys_t *dnp, void *arg)
5780 {
5781 	zdb_cb_t *zcb = arg;
5782 	dmu_object_type_t type;
5783 	boolean_t is_metadata;
5784 
5785 	if (zb->zb_level == ZB_DNODE_LEVEL)
5786 		return (0);
5787 
5788 	if (dump_opt['b'] >= 5 && bp->blk_birth > 0) {
5789 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
5790 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
5791 		(void) printf("objset %llu object %llu "
5792 		    "level %lld offset 0x%llx %s\n",
5793 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_objset,
5794 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_object,
5795 		    (longlong_t)zb->zb_level,
5796 		    (u_longlong_t)blkid2offset(dnp, bp, zb),
5797 		    blkbuf);
5798 	}
5799 
5800 	if (BP_IS_HOLE(bp) || BP_IS_REDACTED(bp))
5801 		return (0);
5802 
5803 	type = BP_GET_TYPE(bp);
5804 
5805 	zdb_count_block(zcb, zilog, bp,
5806 	    (type & DMU_OT_NEWTYPE) ? ZDB_OT_OTHER : type);
5807 
5808 	is_metadata = (BP_GET_LEVEL(bp) != 0 || DMU_OT_IS_METADATA(type));
5809 
5810 	if (!BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp) &&
5811 	    (dump_opt['c'] > 1 || (dump_opt['c'] && is_metadata))) {
5812 		size_t size = BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
5813 		abd_t *abd = abd_alloc(size, B_FALSE);
5814 		int flags = ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_SCRUB | ZIO_FLAG_RAW;
5815 
5816 		/* If it's an intent log block, failure is expected. */
5817 		if (zb->zb_level == ZB_ZIL_LEVEL)
5818 			flags |= ZIO_FLAG_SPECULATIVE;
5819 
5820 		mutex_enter(&spa->spa_scrub_lock);
5821 		while (spa->spa_load_verify_bytes > max_inflight_bytes)
5822 			cv_wait(&spa->spa_scrub_io_cv, &spa->spa_scrub_lock);
5823 		spa->spa_load_verify_bytes += size;
5824 		mutex_exit(&spa->spa_scrub_lock);
5825 
5826 		zio_nowait(zio_read(NULL, spa, bp, abd, size,
5827 		    zdb_blkptr_done, zcb, ZIO_PRIORITY_ASYNC_READ, flags, zb));
5828 	}
5829 
5830 	zcb->zcb_readfails = 0;
5831 
5832 	/* only call gethrtime() every 100 blocks */
5833 	static int iters;
5834 	if (++iters > 100)
5835 		iters = 0;
5836 	else
5837 		return (0);
5838 
5839 	if (dump_opt['b'] < 5 && gethrtime() > zcb->zcb_lastprint + NANOSEC) {
5840 		uint64_t now = gethrtime();
5841 		char buf[10];
5842 		uint64_t bytes = zcb->zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL][ZDB_OT_TOTAL].zb_asize;
5843 		uint64_t kb_per_sec =
5844 		    1 + bytes / (1 + ((now - zcb->zcb_start) / 1000 / 1000));
5845 		uint64_t sec_remaining =
5846 		    (zcb->zcb_totalasize - bytes) / 1024 / kb_per_sec;
5847 
5848 		/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
5849 		_Static_assert(sizeof (buf) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ, "buf truncated");
5850 
5851 		zfs_nicebytes(bytes, buf, sizeof (buf));
5852 		(void) fprintf(stderr,
5853 		    "\r%5s completed (%4"PRIu64"MB/s) "
5854 		    "estimated time remaining: "
5855 		    "%"PRIu64"hr %02"PRIu64"min %02"PRIu64"sec        ",
5856 		    buf, kb_per_sec / 1024,
5857 		    sec_remaining / 60 / 60,
5858 		    sec_remaining / 60 % 60,
5859 		    sec_remaining % 60);
5860 
5861 		zcb->zcb_lastprint = now;
5862 	}
5863 
5864 	return (0);
5865 }
5866 
5867 static void
5868 zdb_leak(void *arg, uint64_t start, uint64_t size)
5869 {
5870 	vdev_t *vd = arg;
5871 
5872 	(void) printf("leaked space: vdev %llu, offset 0x%llx, size %llu\n",
5873 	    (u_longlong_t)vd->vdev_id, (u_longlong_t)start, (u_longlong_t)size);
5874 }
5875 
5876 static metaslab_ops_t zdb_metaslab_ops = {
5877 	NULL	/* alloc */
5878 };
5879 
5880 static int
5881 load_unflushed_svr_segs_cb(spa_t *spa, space_map_entry_t *sme,
5882     uint64_t txg, void *arg)
5883 {
5884 	spa_vdev_removal_t *svr = arg;
5885 
5886 	uint64_t offset = sme->sme_offset;
5887 	uint64_t size = sme->sme_run;
5888 
5889 	/* skip vdevs we don't care about */
5890 	if (sme->sme_vdev != svr->svr_vdev_id)
5891 		return (0);
5892 
5893 	vdev_t *vd = vdev_lookup_top(spa, sme->sme_vdev);
5894 	metaslab_t *ms = vd->vdev_ms[offset >> vd->vdev_ms_shift];
5895 	ASSERT(sme->sme_type == SM_ALLOC || sme->sme_type == SM_FREE);
5896 
5897 	if (txg < metaslab_unflushed_txg(ms))
5898 		return (0);
5899 
5900 	if (sme->sme_type == SM_ALLOC)
5901 		range_tree_add(svr->svr_allocd_segs, offset, size);
5902 	else
5903 		range_tree_remove(svr->svr_allocd_segs, offset, size);
5904 
5905 	return (0);
5906 }
5907 
5908 static void
5909 claim_segment_impl_cb(uint64_t inner_offset, vdev_t *vd, uint64_t offset,
5910     uint64_t size, void *arg)
5911 {
5912 	(void) inner_offset, (void) arg;
5913 
5914 	/*
5915 	 * This callback was called through a remap from
5916 	 * a device being removed. Therefore, the vdev that
5917 	 * this callback is applied to is a concrete
5918 	 * vdev.
5919 	 */
5920 	ASSERT(vdev_is_concrete(vd));
5921 
5922 	VERIFY0(metaslab_claim_impl(vd, offset, size,
5923 	    spa_min_claim_txg(vd->vdev_spa)));
5924 }
5925 
5926 static void
5927 claim_segment_cb(void *arg, uint64_t offset, uint64_t size)
5928 {
5929 	vdev_t *vd = arg;
5930 
5931 	vdev_indirect_ops.vdev_op_remap(vd, offset, size,
5932 	    claim_segment_impl_cb, NULL);
5933 }
5934 
5935 /*
5936  * After accounting for all allocated blocks that are directly referenced,
5937  * we might have missed a reference to a block from a partially complete
5938  * (and thus unused) indirect mapping object. We perform a secondary pass
5939  * through the metaslabs we have already mapped and claim the destination
5940  * blocks.
5941  */
5942 static void
5943 zdb_claim_removing(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
5944 {
5945 	if (dump_opt['L'])
5946 		return;
5947 
5948 	if (spa->spa_vdev_removal == NULL)
5949 		return;
5950 
5951 	spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG, RW_READER);
5952 
5953 	spa_vdev_removal_t *svr = spa->spa_vdev_removal;
5954 	vdev_t *vd = vdev_lookup_top(spa, svr->svr_vdev_id);
5955 	vdev_indirect_mapping_t *vim = vd->vdev_indirect_mapping;
5956 
5957 	ASSERT0(range_tree_space(svr->svr_allocd_segs));
5958 
5959 	range_tree_t *allocs = range_tree_create(NULL, RANGE_SEG64, NULL, 0, 0);
5960 	for (uint64_t msi = 0; msi < vd->vdev_ms_count; msi++) {
5961 		metaslab_t *msp = vd->vdev_ms[msi];
5962 
5963 		ASSERT0(range_tree_space(allocs));
5964 		if (msp->ms_sm != NULL)
5965 			VERIFY0(space_map_load(msp->ms_sm, allocs, SM_ALLOC));
5966 		range_tree_vacate(allocs, range_tree_add, svr->svr_allocd_segs);
5967 	}
5968 	range_tree_destroy(allocs);
5969 
5970 	iterate_through_spacemap_logs(spa, load_unflushed_svr_segs_cb, svr);
5971 
5972 	/*
5973 	 * Clear everything past what has been synced,
5974 	 * because we have not allocated mappings for
5975 	 * it yet.
5976 	 */
5977 	range_tree_clear(svr->svr_allocd_segs,
5978 	    vdev_indirect_mapping_max_offset(vim),
5979 	    vd->vdev_asize - vdev_indirect_mapping_max_offset(vim));
5980 
5981 	zcb->zcb_removing_size += range_tree_space(svr->svr_allocd_segs);
5982 	range_tree_vacate(svr->svr_allocd_segs, claim_segment_cb, vd);
5983 
5984 	spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG);
5985 }
5986 
5987 static int
5988 increment_indirect_mapping_cb(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, boolean_t bp_freed,
5989     dmu_tx_t *tx)
5990 {
5991 	(void) tx;
5992 	zdb_cb_t *zcb = arg;
5993 	spa_t *spa = zcb->zcb_spa;
5994 	vdev_t *vd;
5995 	const dva_t *dva = &bp->blk_dva[0];
5996 
5997 	ASSERT(!bp_freed);
5998 	ASSERT(!dump_opt['L']);
5999 	ASSERT3U(BP_GET_NDVAS(bp), ==, 1);
6000 
6001 	spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG, RW_READER);
6002 	vd = vdev_lookup_top(zcb->zcb_spa, DVA_GET_VDEV(dva));
6003 	ASSERT3P(vd, !=, NULL);
6004 	spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_VDEV, FTAG);
6005 
6006 	ASSERT(vd->vdev_indirect_config.vic_mapping_object != 0);
6007 	ASSERT3P(zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts[vd->vdev_id], !=, NULL);
6008 
6009 	vdev_indirect_mapping_increment_obsolete_count(
6010 	    vd->vdev_indirect_mapping,
6011 	    DVA_GET_OFFSET(dva), DVA_GET_ASIZE(dva),
6012 	    zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts[vd->vdev_id]);
6013 
6014 	return (0);
6015 }
6016 
6017 static uint32_t *
6018 zdb_load_obsolete_counts(vdev_t *vd)
6019 {
6020 	vdev_indirect_mapping_t *vim = vd->vdev_indirect_mapping;
6021 	spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
6022 	spa_condensing_indirect_phys_t *scip =
6023 	    &spa->spa_condensing_indirect_phys;
6024 	uint64_t obsolete_sm_object;
6025 	uint32_t *counts;
6026 
6027 	VERIFY0(vdev_obsolete_sm_object(vd, &obsolete_sm_object));
6028 	EQUIV(obsolete_sm_object != 0, vd->vdev_obsolete_sm != NULL);
6029 	counts = vdev_indirect_mapping_load_obsolete_counts(vim);
6030 	if (vd->vdev_obsolete_sm != NULL) {
6031 		vdev_indirect_mapping_load_obsolete_spacemap(vim, counts,
6032 		    vd->vdev_obsolete_sm);
6033 	}
6034 	if (scip->scip_vdev == vd->vdev_id &&
6035 	    scip->scip_prev_obsolete_sm_object != 0) {
6036 		space_map_t *prev_obsolete_sm = NULL;
6037 		VERIFY0(space_map_open(&prev_obsolete_sm, spa->spa_meta_objset,
6038 		    scip->scip_prev_obsolete_sm_object, 0, vd->vdev_asize, 0));
6039 		vdev_indirect_mapping_load_obsolete_spacemap(vim, counts,
6040 		    prev_obsolete_sm);
6041 		space_map_close(prev_obsolete_sm);
6042 	}
6043 	return (counts);
6044 }
6045 
6046 static void
6047 zdb_ddt_leak_init(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
6048 {
6049 	ddt_bookmark_t ddb = {0};
6050 	ddt_entry_t dde;
6051 	int error;
6052 	int p;
6053 
6054 	ASSERT(!dump_opt['L']);
6055 
6056 	while ((error = ddt_walk(spa, &ddb, &dde)) == 0) {
6057 		blkptr_t blk;
6058 		ddt_phys_t *ddp = dde.dde_phys;
6059 
6060 		if (ddb.ddb_class == DDT_CLASS_UNIQUE)
6061 			return;
6062 
6063 		ASSERT(ddt_phys_total_refcnt(&dde) > 1);
6064 
6065 		for (p = 0; p < DDT_PHYS_TYPES; p++, ddp++) {
6066 			if (ddp->ddp_phys_birth == 0)
6067 				continue;
6068 			ddt_bp_create(ddb.ddb_checksum,
6069 			    &dde.dde_key, ddp, &blk);
6070 			if (p == DDT_PHYS_DITTO) {
6071 				zdb_count_block(zcb, NULL, &blk, ZDB_OT_DITTO);
6072 			} else {
6073 				zcb->zcb_dedup_asize +=
6074 				    BP_GET_ASIZE(&blk) * (ddp->ddp_refcnt - 1);
6075 				zcb->zcb_dedup_blocks++;
6076 			}
6077 		}
6078 		ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[ddb.ddb_checksum];
6079 		ddt_enter(ddt);
6080 		VERIFY(ddt_lookup(ddt, &blk, B_TRUE) != NULL);
6081 		ddt_exit(ddt);
6082 	}
6083 
6084 	ASSERT(error == ENOENT);
6085 }
6086 
6087 typedef struct checkpoint_sm_exclude_entry_arg {
6088 	vdev_t *cseea_vd;
6089 	uint64_t cseea_checkpoint_size;
6090 } checkpoint_sm_exclude_entry_arg_t;
6091 
6092 static int
6093 checkpoint_sm_exclude_entry_cb(space_map_entry_t *sme, void *arg)
6094 {
6095 	checkpoint_sm_exclude_entry_arg_t *cseea = arg;
6096 	vdev_t *vd = cseea->cseea_vd;
6097 	metaslab_t *ms = vd->vdev_ms[sme->sme_offset >> vd->vdev_ms_shift];
6098 	uint64_t end = sme->sme_offset + sme->sme_run;
6099 
6100 	ASSERT(sme->sme_type == SM_FREE);
6101 
6102 	/*
6103 	 * Since the vdev_checkpoint_sm exists in the vdev level
6104 	 * and the ms_sm space maps exist in the metaslab level,
6105 	 * an entry in the checkpoint space map could theoretically
6106 	 * cross the boundaries of the metaslab that it belongs.
6107 	 *
6108 	 * In reality, because of the way that we populate and
6109 	 * manipulate the checkpoint's space maps currently,
6110 	 * there shouldn't be any entries that cross metaslabs.
6111 	 * Hence the assertion below.
6112 	 *
6113 	 * That said, there is no fundamental requirement that
6114 	 * the checkpoint's space map entries should not cross
6115 	 * metaslab boundaries. So if needed we could add code
6116 	 * that handles metaslab-crossing segments in the future.
6117 	 */
6118 	VERIFY3U(sme->sme_offset, >=, ms->ms_start);
6119 	VERIFY3U(end, <=, ms->ms_start + ms->ms_size);
6120 
6121 	/*
6122 	 * By removing the entry from the allocated segments we
6123 	 * also verify that the entry is there to begin with.
6124 	 */
6125 	mutex_enter(&ms->ms_lock);
6126 	range_tree_remove(ms->ms_allocatable, sme->sme_offset, sme->sme_run);
6127 	mutex_exit(&ms->ms_lock);
6128 
6129 	cseea->cseea_checkpoint_size += sme->sme_run;
6130 	return (0);
6131 }
6132 
6133 static void
6134 zdb_leak_init_vdev_exclude_checkpoint(vdev_t *vd, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
6135 {
6136 	spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
6137 	space_map_t *checkpoint_sm = NULL;
6138 	uint64_t checkpoint_sm_obj;
6139 
6140 	/*
6141 	 * If there is no vdev_top_zap, we are in a pool whose
6142 	 * version predates the pool checkpoint feature.
6143 	 */
6144 	if (vd->vdev_top_zap == 0)
6145 		return;
6146 
6147 	/*
6148 	 * If there is no reference of the vdev_checkpoint_sm in
6149 	 * the vdev_top_zap, then one of the following scenarios
6150 	 * is true:
6151 	 *
6152 	 * 1] There is no checkpoint
6153 	 * 2] There is a checkpoint, but no checkpointed blocks
6154 	 *    have been freed yet
6155 	 * 3] The current vdev is indirect
6156 	 *
6157 	 * In these cases we return immediately.
6158 	 */
6159 	if (zap_contains(spa_meta_objset(spa), vd->vdev_top_zap,
6160 	    VDEV_TOP_ZAP_POOL_CHECKPOINT_SM) != 0)
6161 		return;
6162 
6163 	VERIFY0(zap_lookup(spa_meta_objset(spa), vd->vdev_top_zap,
6164 	    VDEV_TOP_ZAP_POOL_CHECKPOINT_SM, sizeof (uint64_t), 1,
6165 	    &checkpoint_sm_obj));
6166 
6167 	checkpoint_sm_exclude_entry_arg_t cseea;
6168 	cseea.cseea_vd = vd;
6169 	cseea.cseea_checkpoint_size = 0;
6170 
6171 	VERIFY0(space_map_open(&checkpoint_sm, spa_meta_objset(spa),
6172 	    checkpoint_sm_obj, 0, vd->vdev_asize, vd->vdev_ashift));
6173 
6174 	VERIFY0(space_map_iterate(checkpoint_sm,
6175 	    space_map_length(checkpoint_sm),
6176 	    checkpoint_sm_exclude_entry_cb, &cseea));
6177 	space_map_close(checkpoint_sm);
6178 
6179 	zcb->zcb_checkpoint_size += cseea.cseea_checkpoint_size;
6180 }
6181 
6182 static void
6183 zdb_leak_init_exclude_checkpoint(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
6184 {
6185 	ASSERT(!dump_opt['L']);
6186 
6187 	vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
6188 	for (uint64_t c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
6189 		ASSERT3U(c, ==, rvd->vdev_child[c]->vdev_id);
6190 		zdb_leak_init_vdev_exclude_checkpoint(rvd->vdev_child[c], zcb);
6191 	}
6192 }
6193 
6194 static int
6195 count_unflushed_space_cb(spa_t *spa, space_map_entry_t *sme,
6196     uint64_t txg, void *arg)
6197 {
6198 	int64_t *ualloc_space = arg;
6199 
6200 	uint64_t offset = sme->sme_offset;
6201 	uint64_t vdev_id = sme->sme_vdev;
6202 
6203 	vdev_t *vd = vdev_lookup_top(spa, vdev_id);
6204 	if (!vdev_is_concrete(vd))
6205 		return (0);
6206 
6207 	metaslab_t *ms = vd->vdev_ms[offset >> vd->vdev_ms_shift];
6208 	ASSERT(sme->sme_type == SM_ALLOC || sme->sme_type == SM_FREE);
6209 
6210 	if (txg < metaslab_unflushed_txg(ms))
6211 		return (0);
6212 
6213 	if (sme->sme_type == SM_ALLOC)
6214 		*ualloc_space += sme->sme_run;
6215 	else
6216 		*ualloc_space -= sme->sme_run;
6217 
6218 	return (0);
6219 }
6220 
6221 static int64_t
6222 get_unflushed_alloc_space(spa_t *spa)
6223 {
6224 	if (dump_opt['L'])
6225 		return (0);
6226 
6227 	int64_t ualloc_space = 0;
6228 	iterate_through_spacemap_logs(spa, count_unflushed_space_cb,
6229 	    &ualloc_space);
6230 	return (ualloc_space);
6231 }
6232 
6233 static int
6234 load_unflushed_cb(spa_t *spa, space_map_entry_t *sme, uint64_t txg, void *arg)
6235 {
6236 	maptype_t *uic_maptype = arg;
6237 
6238 	uint64_t offset = sme->sme_offset;
6239 	uint64_t size = sme->sme_run;
6240 	uint64_t vdev_id = sme->sme_vdev;
6241 
6242 	vdev_t *vd = vdev_lookup_top(spa, vdev_id);
6243 
6244 	/* skip indirect vdevs */
6245 	if (!vdev_is_concrete(vd))
6246 		return (0);
6247 
6248 	metaslab_t *ms = vd->vdev_ms[offset >> vd->vdev_ms_shift];
6249 
6250 	ASSERT(sme->sme_type == SM_ALLOC || sme->sme_type == SM_FREE);
6251 	ASSERT(*uic_maptype == SM_ALLOC || *uic_maptype == SM_FREE);
6252 
6253 	if (txg < metaslab_unflushed_txg(ms))
6254 		return (0);
6255 
6256 	if (*uic_maptype == sme->sme_type)
6257 		range_tree_add(ms->ms_allocatable, offset, size);
6258 	else
6259 		range_tree_remove(ms->ms_allocatable, offset, size);
6260 
6261 	return (0);
6262 }
6263 
6264 static void
6265 load_unflushed_to_ms_allocatables(spa_t *spa, maptype_t maptype)
6266 {
6267 	iterate_through_spacemap_logs(spa, load_unflushed_cb, &maptype);
6268 }
6269 
6270 static void
6271 load_concrete_ms_allocatable_trees(spa_t *spa, maptype_t maptype)
6272 {
6273 	vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
6274 	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < rvd->vdev_children; i++) {
6275 		vdev_t *vd = rvd->vdev_child[i];
6276 
6277 		ASSERT3U(i, ==, vd->vdev_id);
6278 
6279 		if (vd->vdev_ops == &vdev_indirect_ops)
6280 			continue;
6281 
6282 		for (uint64_t m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++) {
6283 			metaslab_t *msp = vd->vdev_ms[m];
6284 
6285 			(void) fprintf(stderr,
6286 			    "\rloading concrete vdev %llu, "
6287 			    "metaslab %llu of %llu ...",
6288 			    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_id,
6289 			    (longlong_t)msp->ms_id,
6290 			    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_ms_count);
6291 
6292 			mutex_enter(&msp->ms_lock);
6293 			range_tree_vacate(msp->ms_allocatable, NULL, NULL);
6294 
6295 			/*
6296 			 * We don't want to spend the CPU manipulating the
6297 			 * size-ordered tree, so clear the range_tree ops.
6298 			 */
6299 			msp->ms_allocatable->rt_ops = NULL;
6300 
6301 			if (msp->ms_sm != NULL) {
6302 				VERIFY0(space_map_load(msp->ms_sm,
6303 				    msp->ms_allocatable, maptype));
6304 			}
6305 			if (!msp->ms_loaded)
6306 				msp->ms_loaded = B_TRUE;
6307 			mutex_exit(&msp->ms_lock);
6308 		}
6309 	}
6310 
6311 	load_unflushed_to_ms_allocatables(spa, maptype);
6312 }
6313 
6314 /*
6315  * vm_idxp is an in-out parameter which (for indirect vdevs) is the
6316  * index in vim_entries that has the first entry in this metaslab.
6317  * On return, it will be set to the first entry after this metaslab.
6318  */
6319 static void
6320 load_indirect_ms_allocatable_tree(vdev_t *vd, metaslab_t *msp,
6321     uint64_t *vim_idxp)
6322 {
6323 	vdev_indirect_mapping_t *vim = vd->vdev_indirect_mapping;
6324 
6325 	mutex_enter(&msp->ms_lock);
6326 	range_tree_vacate(msp->ms_allocatable, NULL, NULL);
6327 
6328 	/*
6329 	 * We don't want to spend the CPU manipulating the
6330 	 * size-ordered tree, so clear the range_tree ops.
6331 	 */
6332 	msp->ms_allocatable->rt_ops = NULL;
6333 
6334 	for (; *vim_idxp < vdev_indirect_mapping_num_entries(vim);
6335 	    (*vim_idxp)++) {
6336 		vdev_indirect_mapping_entry_phys_t *vimep =
6337 		    &vim->vim_entries[*vim_idxp];
6338 		uint64_t ent_offset = DVA_MAPPING_GET_SRC_OFFSET(vimep);
6339 		uint64_t ent_len = DVA_GET_ASIZE(&vimep->vimep_dst);
6340 		ASSERT3U(ent_offset, >=, msp->ms_start);
6341 		if (ent_offset >= msp->ms_start + msp->ms_size)
6342 			break;
6343 
6344 		/*
6345 		 * Mappings do not cross metaslab boundaries,
6346 		 * because we create them by walking the metaslabs.
6347 		 */
6348 		ASSERT3U(ent_offset + ent_len, <=,
6349 		    msp->ms_start + msp->ms_size);
6350 		range_tree_add(msp->ms_allocatable, ent_offset, ent_len);
6351 	}
6352 
6353 	if (!msp->ms_loaded)
6354 		msp->ms_loaded = B_TRUE;
6355 	mutex_exit(&msp->ms_lock);
6356 }
6357 
6358 static void
6359 zdb_leak_init_prepare_indirect_vdevs(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
6360 {
6361 	ASSERT(!dump_opt['L']);
6362 
6363 	vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
6364 	for (uint64_t c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
6365 		vdev_t *vd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
6366 
6367 		ASSERT3U(c, ==, vd->vdev_id);
6368 
6369 		if (vd->vdev_ops != &vdev_indirect_ops)
6370 			continue;
6371 
6372 		/*
6373 		 * Note: we don't check for mapping leaks on
6374 		 * removing vdevs because their ms_allocatable's
6375 		 * are used to look for leaks in allocated space.
6376 		 */
6377 		zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts[c] = zdb_load_obsolete_counts(vd);
6378 
6379 		/*
6380 		 * Normally, indirect vdevs don't have any
6381 		 * metaslabs.  We want to set them up for
6382 		 * zio_claim().
6383 		 */
6384 		vdev_metaslab_group_create(vd);
6385 		VERIFY0(vdev_metaslab_init(vd, 0));
6386 
6387 		vdev_indirect_mapping_t *vim __maybe_unused =
6388 		    vd->vdev_indirect_mapping;
6389 		uint64_t vim_idx = 0;
6390 		for (uint64_t m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++) {
6391 
6392 			(void) fprintf(stderr,
6393 			    "\rloading indirect vdev %llu, "
6394 			    "metaslab %llu of %llu ...",
6395 			    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_id,
6396 			    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_ms[m]->ms_id,
6397 			    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_ms_count);
6398 
6399 			load_indirect_ms_allocatable_tree(vd, vd->vdev_ms[m],
6400 			    &vim_idx);
6401 		}
6402 		ASSERT3U(vim_idx, ==, vdev_indirect_mapping_num_entries(vim));
6403 	}
6404 }
6405 
6406 static void
6407 zdb_leak_init(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
6408 {
6409 	zcb->zcb_spa = spa;
6410 
6411 	if (dump_opt['L'])
6412 		return;
6413 
6414 	dsl_pool_t *dp = spa->spa_dsl_pool;
6415 	vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
6416 
6417 	/*
6418 	 * We are going to be changing the meaning of the metaslab's
6419 	 * ms_allocatable.  Ensure that the allocator doesn't try to
6420 	 * use the tree.
6421 	 */
6422 	spa->spa_normal_class->mc_ops = &zdb_metaslab_ops;
6423 	spa->spa_log_class->mc_ops = &zdb_metaslab_ops;
6424 	spa->spa_embedded_log_class->mc_ops = &zdb_metaslab_ops;
6425 
6426 	zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts =
6427 	    umem_zalloc(rvd->vdev_children * sizeof (uint32_t *),
6428 	    UMEM_NOFAIL);
6429 
6430 	/*
6431 	 * For leak detection, we overload the ms_allocatable trees
6432 	 * to contain allocated segments instead of free segments.
6433 	 * As a result, we can't use the normal metaslab_load/unload
6434 	 * interfaces.
6435 	 */
6436 	zdb_leak_init_prepare_indirect_vdevs(spa, zcb);
6437 	load_concrete_ms_allocatable_trees(spa, SM_ALLOC);
6438 
6439 	/*
6440 	 * On load_concrete_ms_allocatable_trees() we loaded all the
6441 	 * allocated entries from the ms_sm to the ms_allocatable for
6442 	 * each metaslab. If the pool has a checkpoint or is in the
6443 	 * middle of discarding a checkpoint, some of these blocks
6444 	 * may have been freed but their ms_sm may not have been
6445 	 * updated because they are referenced by the checkpoint. In
6446 	 * order to avoid false-positives during leak-detection, we
6447 	 * go through the vdev's checkpoint space map and exclude all
6448 	 * its entries from their relevant ms_allocatable.
6449 	 *
6450 	 * We also aggregate the space held by the checkpoint and add
6451 	 * it to zcb_checkpoint_size.
6452 	 *
6453 	 * Note that at this point we are also verifying that all the
6454 	 * entries on the checkpoint_sm are marked as allocated in
6455 	 * the ms_sm of their relevant metaslab.
6456 	 * [see comment in checkpoint_sm_exclude_entry_cb()]
6457 	 */
6458 	zdb_leak_init_exclude_checkpoint(spa, zcb);
6459 	ASSERT3U(zcb->zcb_checkpoint_size, ==, spa_get_checkpoint_space(spa));
6460 
6461 	/* for cleaner progress output */
6462 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
6463 
6464 	if (bpobj_is_open(&dp->dp_obsolete_bpobj)) {
6465 		ASSERT(spa_feature_is_enabled(spa,
6466 		    SPA_FEATURE_DEVICE_REMOVAL));
6467 		(void) bpobj_iterate_nofree(&dp->dp_obsolete_bpobj,
6468 		    increment_indirect_mapping_cb, zcb, NULL);
6469 	}
6470 
6471 	spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG, RW_READER);
6472 	zdb_ddt_leak_init(spa, zcb);
6473 	spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG);
6474 }
6475 
6476 static boolean_t
6477 zdb_check_for_obsolete_leaks(vdev_t *vd, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
6478 {
6479 	boolean_t leaks = B_FALSE;
6480 	vdev_indirect_mapping_t *vim = vd->vdev_indirect_mapping;
6481 	uint64_t total_leaked = 0;
6482 	boolean_t are_precise = B_FALSE;
6483 
6484 	ASSERT(vim != NULL);
6485 
6486 	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < vdev_indirect_mapping_num_entries(vim); i++) {
6487 		vdev_indirect_mapping_entry_phys_t *vimep =
6488 		    &vim->vim_entries[i];
6489 		uint64_t obsolete_bytes = 0;
6490 		uint64_t offset = DVA_MAPPING_GET_SRC_OFFSET(vimep);
6491 		metaslab_t *msp = vd->vdev_ms[offset >> vd->vdev_ms_shift];
6492 
6493 		/*
6494 		 * This is not very efficient but it's easy to
6495 		 * verify correctness.
6496 		 */
6497 		for (uint64_t inner_offset = 0;
6498 		    inner_offset < DVA_GET_ASIZE(&vimep->vimep_dst);
6499 		    inner_offset += 1ULL << vd->vdev_ashift) {
6500 			if (range_tree_contains(msp->ms_allocatable,
6501 			    offset + inner_offset, 1ULL << vd->vdev_ashift)) {
6502 				obsolete_bytes += 1ULL << vd->vdev_ashift;
6503 			}
6504 		}
6505 
6506 		int64_t bytes_leaked = obsolete_bytes -
6507 		    zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts[vd->vdev_id][i];
6508 		ASSERT3U(DVA_GET_ASIZE(&vimep->vimep_dst), >=,
6509 		    zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts[vd->vdev_id][i]);
6510 
6511 		VERIFY0(vdev_obsolete_counts_are_precise(vd, &are_precise));
6512 		if (bytes_leaked != 0 && (are_precise || dump_opt['d'] >= 5)) {
6513 			(void) printf("obsolete indirect mapping count "
6514 			    "mismatch on %llu:%llx:%llx : %llx bytes leaked\n",
6515 			    (u_longlong_t)vd->vdev_id,
6516 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_MAPPING_GET_SRC_OFFSET(vimep),
6517 			    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&vimep->vimep_dst),
6518 			    (u_longlong_t)bytes_leaked);
6519 		}
6520 		total_leaked += ABS(bytes_leaked);
6521 	}
6522 
6523 	VERIFY0(vdev_obsolete_counts_are_precise(vd, &are_precise));
6524 	if (!are_precise && total_leaked > 0) {
6525 		int pct_leaked = total_leaked * 100 /
6526 		    vdev_indirect_mapping_bytes_mapped(vim);
6527 		(void) printf("cannot verify obsolete indirect mapping "
6528 		    "counts of vdev %llu because precise feature was not "
6529 		    "enabled when it was removed: %d%% (%llx bytes) of mapping"
6530 		    "unreferenced\n",
6531 		    (u_longlong_t)vd->vdev_id, pct_leaked,
6532 		    (u_longlong_t)total_leaked);
6533 	} else if (total_leaked > 0) {
6534 		(void) printf("obsolete indirect mapping count mismatch "
6535 		    "for vdev %llu -- %llx total bytes mismatched\n",
6536 		    (u_longlong_t)vd->vdev_id,
6537 		    (u_longlong_t)total_leaked);
6538 		leaks |= B_TRUE;
6539 	}
6540 
6541 	vdev_indirect_mapping_free_obsolete_counts(vim,
6542 	    zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts[vd->vdev_id]);
6543 	zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts[vd->vdev_id] = NULL;
6544 
6545 	return (leaks);
6546 }
6547 
6548 static boolean_t
6549 zdb_leak_fini(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
6550 {
6551 	if (dump_opt['L'])
6552 		return (B_FALSE);
6553 
6554 	boolean_t leaks = B_FALSE;
6555 	vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
6556 	for (unsigned c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
6557 		vdev_t *vd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
6558 
6559 		if (zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts[c] != NULL) {
6560 			leaks |= zdb_check_for_obsolete_leaks(vd, zcb);
6561 		}
6562 
6563 		for (uint64_t m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++) {
6564 			metaslab_t *msp = vd->vdev_ms[m];
6565 			ASSERT3P(msp->ms_group, ==, (msp->ms_group->mg_class ==
6566 			    spa_embedded_log_class(spa)) ?
6567 			    vd->vdev_log_mg : vd->vdev_mg);
6568 
6569 			/*
6570 			 * ms_allocatable has been overloaded
6571 			 * to contain allocated segments. Now that
6572 			 * we finished traversing all blocks, any
6573 			 * block that remains in the ms_allocatable
6574 			 * represents an allocated block that we
6575 			 * did not claim during the traversal.
6576 			 * Claimed blocks would have been removed
6577 			 * from the ms_allocatable.  For indirect
6578 			 * vdevs, space remaining in the tree
6579 			 * represents parts of the mapping that are
6580 			 * not referenced, which is not a bug.
6581 			 */
6582 			if (vd->vdev_ops == &vdev_indirect_ops) {
6583 				range_tree_vacate(msp->ms_allocatable,
6584 				    NULL, NULL);
6585 			} else {
6586 				range_tree_vacate(msp->ms_allocatable,
6587 				    zdb_leak, vd);
6588 			}
6589 			if (msp->ms_loaded) {
6590 				msp->ms_loaded = B_FALSE;
6591 			}
6592 		}
6593 	}
6594 
6595 	umem_free(zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts,
6596 	    rvd->vdev_children * sizeof (uint32_t *));
6597 	zcb->zcb_vd_obsolete_counts = NULL;
6598 
6599 	return (leaks);
6600 }
6601 
6602 static int
6603 count_block_cb(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, dmu_tx_t *tx)
6604 {
6605 	(void) tx;
6606 	zdb_cb_t *zcb = arg;
6607 
6608 	if (dump_opt['b'] >= 5) {
6609 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
6610 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
6611 		(void) printf("[%s] %s\n",
6612 		    "deferred free", blkbuf);
6613 	}
6614 	zdb_count_block(zcb, NULL, bp, ZDB_OT_DEFERRED);
6615 	return (0);
6616 }
6617 
6618 /*
6619  * Iterate over livelists which have been destroyed by the user but
6620  * are still present in the MOS, waiting to be freed
6621  */
6622 static void
6623 iterate_deleted_livelists(spa_t *spa, ll_iter_t func, void *arg)
6624 {
6625 	objset_t *mos = spa->spa_meta_objset;
6626 	uint64_t zap_obj;
6627 	int err = zap_lookup(mos, DMU_POOL_DIRECTORY_OBJECT,
6628 	    DMU_POOL_DELETED_CLONES, sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &zap_obj);
6629 	if (err == ENOENT)
6630 		return;
6631 	ASSERT0(err);
6632 
6633 	zap_cursor_t zc;
6634 	zap_attribute_t attr;
6635 	dsl_deadlist_t ll;
6636 	/* NULL out os prior to dsl_deadlist_open in case it's garbage */
6637 	ll.dl_os = NULL;
6638 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, mos, zap_obj);
6639 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
6640 	    (void) zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
6641 		dsl_deadlist_open(&ll, mos, attr.za_first_integer);
6642 		func(&ll, arg);
6643 		dsl_deadlist_close(&ll);
6644 	}
6645 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
6646 }
6647 
6648 static int
6649 bpobj_count_block_cb(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, boolean_t bp_freed,
6650     dmu_tx_t *tx)
6651 {
6652 	ASSERT(!bp_freed);
6653 	return (count_block_cb(arg, bp, tx));
6654 }
6655 
6656 static int
6657 livelist_entry_count_blocks_cb(void *args, dsl_deadlist_entry_t *dle)
6658 {
6659 	zdb_cb_t *zbc = args;
6660 	bplist_t blks;
6661 	bplist_create(&blks);
6662 	/* determine which blocks have been alloc'd but not freed */
6663 	VERIFY0(dsl_process_sub_livelist(&dle->dle_bpobj, &blks, NULL, NULL));
6664 	/* count those blocks */
6665 	(void) bplist_iterate(&blks, count_block_cb, zbc, NULL);
6666 	bplist_destroy(&blks);
6667 	return (0);
6668 }
6669 
6670 static void
6671 livelist_count_blocks(dsl_deadlist_t *ll, void *arg)
6672 {
6673 	dsl_deadlist_iterate(ll, livelist_entry_count_blocks_cb, arg);
6674 }
6675 
6676 /*
6677  * Count the blocks in the livelists that have been destroyed by the user
6678  * but haven't yet been freed.
6679  */
6680 static void
6681 deleted_livelists_count_blocks(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zbc)
6682 {
6683 	iterate_deleted_livelists(spa, livelist_count_blocks, zbc);
6684 }
6685 
6686 static void
6687 dump_livelist_cb(dsl_deadlist_t *ll, void *arg)
6688 {
6689 	ASSERT3P(arg, ==, NULL);
6690 	global_feature_count[SPA_FEATURE_LIVELIST]++;
6691 	dump_blkptr_list(ll, "Deleted Livelist");
6692 	dsl_deadlist_iterate(ll, sublivelist_verify_lightweight, NULL);
6693 }
6694 
6695 /*
6696  * Print out, register object references to, and increment feature counts for
6697  * livelists that have been destroyed by the user but haven't yet been freed.
6698  */
6699 static void
6700 deleted_livelists_dump_mos(spa_t *spa)
6701 {
6702 	uint64_t zap_obj;
6703 	objset_t *mos = spa->spa_meta_objset;
6704 	int err = zap_lookup(mos, DMU_POOL_DIRECTORY_OBJECT,
6705 	    DMU_POOL_DELETED_CLONES, sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &zap_obj);
6706 	if (err == ENOENT)
6707 		return;
6708 	mos_obj_refd(zap_obj);
6709 	iterate_deleted_livelists(spa, dump_livelist_cb, NULL);
6710 }
6711 
6712 static int
6713 zdb_brt_entry_compare(const void *zcn1, const void *zcn2)
6714 {
6715 	const dva_t *dva1 = &((const zdb_brt_entry_t *)zcn1)->zbre_dva;
6716 	const dva_t *dva2 = &((const zdb_brt_entry_t *)zcn2)->zbre_dva;
6717 	int cmp;
6718 
6719 	cmp = TREE_CMP(DVA_GET_VDEV(dva1), DVA_GET_VDEV(dva2));
6720 	if (cmp == 0)
6721 		cmp = TREE_CMP(DVA_GET_OFFSET(dva1), DVA_GET_OFFSET(dva2));
6722 
6723 	return (cmp);
6724 }
6725 
6726 static int
6727 dump_block_stats(spa_t *spa)
6728 {
6729 	zdb_cb_t *zcb;
6730 	zdb_blkstats_t *zb, *tzb;
6731 	uint64_t norm_alloc, norm_space, total_alloc, total_found;
6732 	int flags = TRAVERSE_PRE | TRAVERSE_PREFETCH_METADATA |
6733 	    TRAVERSE_NO_DECRYPT | TRAVERSE_HARD;
6734 	boolean_t leaks = B_FALSE;
6735 	int e, c, err;
6736 	bp_embedded_type_t i;
6737 
6738 	zcb = umem_zalloc(sizeof (zdb_cb_t), UMEM_NOFAIL);
6739 
6740 	if (spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_BLOCK_CLONING)) {
6741 		avl_create(&zcb->zcb_brt, zdb_brt_entry_compare,
6742 		    sizeof (zdb_brt_entry_t),
6743 		    offsetof(zdb_brt_entry_t, zbre_node));
6744 		zcb->zcb_brt_is_active = B_TRUE;
6745 	}
6746 
6747 	(void) printf("\nTraversing all blocks %s%s%s%s%s...\n\n",
6748 	    (dump_opt['c'] || !dump_opt['L']) ? "to verify " : "",
6749 	    (dump_opt['c'] == 1) ? "metadata " : "",
6750 	    dump_opt['c'] ? "checksums " : "",
6751 	    (dump_opt['c'] && !dump_opt['L']) ? "and verify " : "",
6752 	    !dump_opt['L'] ? "nothing leaked " : "");
6753 
6754 	/*
6755 	 * When leak detection is enabled we load all space maps as SM_ALLOC
6756 	 * maps, then traverse the pool claiming each block we discover. If
6757 	 * the pool is perfectly consistent, the segment trees will be empty
6758 	 * when we're done. Anything left over is a leak; any block we can't
6759 	 * claim (because it's not part of any space map) is a double
6760 	 * allocation, reference to a freed block, or an unclaimed log block.
6761 	 *
6762 	 * When leak detection is disabled (-L option) we still traverse the
6763 	 * pool claiming each block we discover, but we skip opening any space
6764 	 * maps.
6765 	 */
6766 	zdb_leak_init(spa, zcb);
6767 
6768 	/*
6769 	 * If there's a deferred-free bplist, process that first.
6770 	 */
6771 	(void) bpobj_iterate_nofree(&spa->spa_deferred_bpobj,
6772 	    bpobj_count_block_cb, zcb, NULL);
6773 
6774 	if (spa_version(spa) >= SPA_VERSION_DEADLISTS) {
6775 		(void) bpobj_iterate_nofree(&spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_free_bpobj,
6776 		    bpobj_count_block_cb, zcb, NULL);
6777 	}
6778 
6779 	zdb_claim_removing(spa, zcb);
6780 
6781 	if (spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_ASYNC_DESTROY)) {
6782 		VERIFY3U(0, ==, bptree_iterate(spa->spa_meta_objset,
6783 		    spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_bptree_obj, B_FALSE, count_block_cb,
6784 		    zcb, NULL));
6785 	}
6786 
6787 	deleted_livelists_count_blocks(spa, zcb);
6788 
6789 	if (dump_opt['c'] > 1)
6790 		flags |= TRAVERSE_PREFETCH_DATA;
6791 
6792 	zcb->zcb_totalasize = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(spa));
6793 	zcb->zcb_totalasize += metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_special_class(spa));
6794 	zcb->zcb_totalasize += metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_dedup_class(spa));
6795 	zcb->zcb_totalasize +=
6796 	    metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_embedded_log_class(spa));
6797 	zcb->zcb_start = zcb->zcb_lastprint = gethrtime();
6798 	err = traverse_pool(spa, 0, flags, zdb_blkptr_cb, zcb);
6799 
6800 	/*
6801 	 * If we've traversed the data blocks then we need to wait for those
6802 	 * I/Os to complete. We leverage "The Godfather" zio to wait on
6803 	 * all async I/Os to complete.
6804 	 */
6805 	if (dump_opt['c']) {
6806 		for (c = 0; c < max_ncpus; c++) {
6807 			(void) zio_wait(spa->spa_async_zio_root[c]);
6808 			spa->spa_async_zio_root[c] = zio_root(spa, NULL, NULL,
6809 			    ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_SPECULATIVE |
6810 			    ZIO_FLAG_GODFATHER);
6811 		}
6812 	}
6813 	ASSERT0(spa->spa_load_verify_bytes);
6814 
6815 	/*
6816 	 * Done after zio_wait() since zcb_haderrors is modified in
6817 	 * zdb_blkptr_done()
6818 	 */
6819 	zcb->zcb_haderrors |= err;
6820 
6821 	if (zcb->zcb_haderrors) {
6822 		(void) printf("\nError counts:\n\n");
6823 		(void) printf("\t%5s  %s\n", "errno", "count");
6824 		for (e = 0; e < 256; e++) {
6825 			if (zcb->zcb_errors[e] != 0) {
6826 				(void) printf("\t%5d  %llu\n",
6827 				    e, (u_longlong_t)zcb->zcb_errors[e]);
6828 			}
6829 		}
6830 	}
6831 
6832 	/*
6833 	 * Report any leaked segments.
6834 	 */
6835 	leaks |= zdb_leak_fini(spa, zcb);
6836 
6837 	tzb = &zcb->zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL][ZDB_OT_TOTAL];
6838 
6839 	norm_alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(spa));
6840 	norm_space = metaslab_class_get_space(spa_normal_class(spa));
6841 
6842 	total_alloc = norm_alloc +
6843 	    metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_log_class(spa)) +
6844 	    metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_embedded_log_class(spa)) +
6845 	    metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_special_class(spa)) +
6846 	    metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_dedup_class(spa)) +
6847 	    get_unflushed_alloc_space(spa);
6848 	total_found =
6849 	    tzb->zb_asize - zcb->zcb_dedup_asize - zcb->zcb_clone_asize +
6850 	    zcb->zcb_removing_size + zcb->zcb_checkpoint_size;
6851 
6852 	if (total_found == total_alloc && !dump_opt['L']) {
6853 		(void) printf("\n\tNo leaks (block sum matches space"
6854 		    " maps exactly)\n");
6855 	} else if (!dump_opt['L']) {
6856 		(void) printf("block traversal size %llu != alloc %llu "
6857 		    "(%s %lld)\n",
6858 		    (u_longlong_t)total_found,
6859 		    (u_longlong_t)total_alloc,
6860 		    (dump_opt['L']) ? "unreachable" : "leaked",
6861 		    (longlong_t)(total_alloc - total_found));
6862 		leaks = B_TRUE;
6863 	}
6864 
6865 	if (tzb->zb_count == 0) {
6866 		umem_free(zcb, sizeof (zdb_cb_t));
6867 		return (2);
6868 	}
6869 
6870 	(void) printf("\n");
6871 	(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu\n", "bp count:",
6872 	    (u_longlong_t)tzb->zb_count);
6873 	(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu\n", "ganged count:",
6874 	    (longlong_t)tzb->zb_gangs);
6875 	(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu      avg: %6llu\n", "bp logical:",
6876 	    (u_longlong_t)tzb->zb_lsize,
6877 	    (u_longlong_t)(tzb->zb_lsize / tzb->zb_count));
6878 	(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu      avg: %6llu     compression: %6.2f\n",
6879 	    "bp physical:", (u_longlong_t)tzb->zb_psize,
6880 	    (u_longlong_t)(tzb->zb_psize / tzb->zb_count),
6881 	    (double)tzb->zb_lsize / tzb->zb_psize);
6882 	(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu      avg: %6llu     compression: %6.2f\n",
6883 	    "bp allocated:", (u_longlong_t)tzb->zb_asize,
6884 	    (u_longlong_t)(tzb->zb_asize / tzb->zb_count),
6885 	    (double)tzb->zb_lsize / tzb->zb_asize);
6886 	(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu    ref>1: %6llu   deduplication: %6.2f\n",
6887 	    "bp deduped:", (u_longlong_t)zcb->zcb_dedup_asize,
6888 	    (u_longlong_t)zcb->zcb_dedup_blocks,
6889 	    (double)zcb->zcb_dedup_asize / tzb->zb_asize + 1.0);
6890 	(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu    count: %6llu\n",
6891 	    "bp cloned:", (u_longlong_t)zcb->zcb_clone_asize,
6892 	    (u_longlong_t)zcb->zcb_clone_blocks);
6893 	(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu     used: %5.2f%%\n", "Normal class:",
6894 	    (u_longlong_t)norm_alloc, 100.0 * norm_alloc / norm_space);
6895 
6896 	if (spa_special_class(spa)->mc_allocator[0].mca_rotor != NULL) {
6897 		uint64_t alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(
6898 		    spa_special_class(spa));
6899 		uint64_t space = metaslab_class_get_space(
6900 		    spa_special_class(spa));
6901 
6902 		(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu     used: %5.2f%%\n",
6903 		    "Special class", (u_longlong_t)alloc,
6904 		    100.0 * alloc / space);
6905 	}
6906 
6907 	if (spa_dedup_class(spa)->mc_allocator[0].mca_rotor != NULL) {
6908 		uint64_t alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(
6909 		    spa_dedup_class(spa));
6910 		uint64_t space = metaslab_class_get_space(
6911 		    spa_dedup_class(spa));
6912 
6913 		(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu     used: %5.2f%%\n",
6914 		    "Dedup class", (u_longlong_t)alloc,
6915 		    100.0 * alloc / space);
6916 	}
6917 
6918 	if (spa_embedded_log_class(spa)->mc_allocator[0].mca_rotor != NULL) {
6919 		uint64_t alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(
6920 		    spa_embedded_log_class(spa));
6921 		uint64_t space = metaslab_class_get_space(
6922 		    spa_embedded_log_class(spa));
6923 
6924 		(void) printf("\t%-16s %14llu     used: %5.2f%%\n",
6925 		    "Embedded log class", (u_longlong_t)alloc,
6926 		    100.0 * alloc / space);
6927 	}
6928 
6929 	for (i = 0; i < NUM_BP_EMBEDDED_TYPES; i++) {
6930 		if (zcb->zcb_embedded_blocks[i] == 0)
6931 			continue;
6932 		(void) printf("\n");
6933 		(void) printf("\tadditional, non-pointer bps of type %u: "
6934 		    "%10llu\n",
6935 		    i, (u_longlong_t)zcb->zcb_embedded_blocks[i]);
6936 
6937 		if (dump_opt['b'] >= 3) {
6938 			(void) printf("\t number of (compressed) bytes:  "
6939 			    "number of bps\n");
6940 			dump_histogram(zcb->zcb_embedded_histogram[i],
6941 			    sizeof (zcb->zcb_embedded_histogram[i]) /
6942 			    sizeof (zcb->zcb_embedded_histogram[i][0]), 0);
6943 		}
6944 	}
6945 
6946 	if (tzb->zb_ditto_samevdev != 0) {
6947 		(void) printf("\tDittoed blocks on same vdev: %llu\n",
6948 		    (longlong_t)tzb->zb_ditto_samevdev);
6949 	}
6950 	if (tzb->zb_ditto_same_ms != 0) {
6951 		(void) printf("\tDittoed blocks in same metaslab: %llu\n",
6952 		    (longlong_t)tzb->zb_ditto_same_ms);
6953 	}
6954 
6955 	for (uint64_t v = 0; v < spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_children; v++) {
6956 		vdev_t *vd = spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[v];
6957 		vdev_indirect_mapping_t *vim = vd->vdev_indirect_mapping;
6958 
6959 		if (vim == NULL) {
6960 			continue;
6961 		}
6962 
6963 		char mem[32];
6964 		zdb_nicenum(vdev_indirect_mapping_num_entries(vim),
6965 		    mem, vdev_indirect_mapping_size(vim));
6966 
6967 		(void) printf("\tindirect vdev id %llu has %llu segments "
6968 		    "(%s in memory)\n",
6969 		    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_id,
6970 		    (longlong_t)vdev_indirect_mapping_num_entries(vim), mem);
6971 	}
6972 
6973 	if (dump_opt['b'] >= 2) {
6974 		int l, t, level;
6975 		char csize[32], lsize[32], psize[32], asize[32];
6976 		char avg[32], gang[32];
6977 		(void) printf("\nBlocks\tLSIZE\tPSIZE\tASIZE"
6978 		    "\t  avg\t comp\t%%Total\tType\n");
6979 
6980 		zfs_blkstat_t *mdstats = umem_zalloc(sizeof (zfs_blkstat_t),
6981 		    UMEM_NOFAIL);
6982 
6983 		for (t = 0; t <= ZDB_OT_TOTAL; t++) {
6984 			const char *typename;
6985 
6986 			/* make sure nicenum has enough space */
6987 			_Static_assert(sizeof (csize) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
6988 			    "csize truncated");
6989 			_Static_assert(sizeof (lsize) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
6990 			    "lsize truncated");
6991 			_Static_assert(sizeof (psize) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
6992 			    "psize truncated");
6993 			_Static_assert(sizeof (asize) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
6994 			    "asize truncated");
6995 			_Static_assert(sizeof (avg) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
6996 			    "avg truncated");
6997 			_Static_assert(sizeof (gang) >= NN_NUMBUF_SZ,
6998 			    "gang truncated");
6999 
7000 			if (t < DMU_OT_NUMTYPES)
7001 				typename = dmu_ot[t].ot_name;
7002 			else
7003 				typename = zdb_ot_extname[t - DMU_OT_NUMTYPES];
7004 
7005 			if (zcb->zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL][t].zb_asize == 0) {
7006 				(void) printf("%6s\t%5s\t%5s\t%5s"
7007 				    "\t%5s\t%5s\t%6s\t%s\n",
7008 				    "-",
7009 				    "-",
7010 				    "-",
7011 				    "-",
7012 				    "-",
7013 				    "-",
7014 				    "-",
7015 				    typename);
7016 				continue;
7017 			}
7018 
7019 			for (l = ZB_TOTAL - 1; l >= -1; l--) {
7020 				level = (l == -1 ? ZB_TOTAL : l);
7021 				zb = &zcb->zcb_type[level][t];
7022 
7023 				if (zb->zb_asize == 0)
7024 					continue;
7025 
7026 				if (level != ZB_TOTAL && t < DMU_OT_NUMTYPES &&
7027 				    (level > 0 || DMU_OT_IS_METADATA(t))) {
7028 					mdstats->zb_count += zb->zb_count;
7029 					mdstats->zb_lsize += zb->zb_lsize;
7030 					mdstats->zb_psize += zb->zb_psize;
7031 					mdstats->zb_asize += zb->zb_asize;
7032 					mdstats->zb_gangs += zb->zb_gangs;
7033 				}
7034 
7035 				if (dump_opt['b'] < 3 && level != ZB_TOTAL)
7036 					continue;
7037 
7038 				if (level == 0 && zb->zb_asize ==
7039 				    zcb->zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL][t].zb_asize)
7040 					continue;
7041 
7042 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_count, csize,
7043 				    sizeof (csize));
7044 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_lsize, lsize,
7045 				    sizeof (lsize));
7046 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_psize, psize,
7047 				    sizeof (psize));
7048 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_asize, asize,
7049 				    sizeof (asize));
7050 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_asize / zb->zb_count, avg,
7051 				    sizeof (avg));
7052 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_gangs, gang, sizeof (gang));
7053 
7054 				(void) printf("%6s\t%5s\t%5s\t%5s\t%5s"
7055 				    "\t%5.2f\t%6.2f\t",
7056 				    csize, lsize, psize, asize, avg,
7057 				    (double)zb->zb_lsize / zb->zb_psize,
7058 				    100.0 * zb->zb_asize / tzb->zb_asize);
7059 
7060 				if (level == ZB_TOTAL)
7061 					(void) printf("%s\n", typename);
7062 				else
7063 					(void) printf("    L%d %s\n",
7064 					    level, typename);
7065 
7066 				if (dump_opt['b'] >= 3 && zb->zb_gangs > 0) {
7067 					(void) printf("\t number of ganged "
7068 					    "blocks: %s\n", gang);
7069 				}
7070 
7071 				if (dump_opt['b'] >= 4) {
7072 					(void) printf("psize "
7073 					    "(in 512-byte sectors): "
7074 					    "number of blocks\n");
7075 					dump_histogram(zb->zb_psize_histogram,
7076 					    PSIZE_HISTO_SIZE, 0);
7077 				}
7078 			}
7079 		}
7080 		zdb_nicenum(mdstats->zb_count, csize,
7081 		    sizeof (csize));
7082 		zdb_nicenum(mdstats->zb_lsize, lsize,
7083 		    sizeof (lsize));
7084 		zdb_nicenum(mdstats->zb_psize, psize,
7085 		    sizeof (psize));
7086 		zdb_nicenum(mdstats->zb_asize, asize,
7087 		    sizeof (asize));
7088 		zdb_nicenum(mdstats->zb_asize / mdstats->zb_count, avg,
7089 		    sizeof (avg));
7090 		zdb_nicenum(mdstats->zb_gangs, gang, sizeof (gang));
7091 
7092 		(void) printf("%6s\t%5s\t%5s\t%5s\t%5s"
7093 		    "\t%5.2f\t%6.2f\t",
7094 		    csize, lsize, psize, asize, avg,
7095 		    (double)mdstats->zb_lsize / mdstats->zb_psize,
7096 		    100.0 * mdstats->zb_asize / tzb->zb_asize);
7097 		(void) printf("%s\n", "Metadata Total");
7098 
7099 		/* Output a table summarizing block sizes in the pool */
7100 		if (dump_opt['b'] >= 2) {
7101 			dump_size_histograms(zcb);
7102 		}
7103 
7104 		umem_free(mdstats, sizeof (zfs_blkstat_t));
7105 	}
7106 
7107 	(void) printf("\n");
7108 
7109 	if (leaks) {
7110 		umem_free(zcb, sizeof (zdb_cb_t));
7111 		return (2);
7112 	}
7113 
7114 	if (zcb->zcb_haderrors) {
7115 		umem_free(zcb, sizeof (zdb_cb_t));
7116 		return (3);
7117 	}
7118 
7119 	umem_free(zcb, sizeof (zdb_cb_t));
7120 	return (0);
7121 }
7122 
7123 typedef struct zdb_ddt_entry {
7124 	ddt_key_t	zdde_key;
7125 	uint64_t	zdde_ref_blocks;
7126 	uint64_t	zdde_ref_lsize;
7127 	uint64_t	zdde_ref_psize;
7128 	uint64_t	zdde_ref_dsize;
7129 	avl_node_t	zdde_node;
7130 } zdb_ddt_entry_t;
7131 
7132 static int
7133 zdb_ddt_add_cb(spa_t *spa, zilog_t *zilog, const blkptr_t *bp,
7134     const zbookmark_phys_t *zb, const dnode_phys_t *dnp, void *arg)
7135 {
7136 	(void) zilog, (void) dnp;
7137 	avl_tree_t *t = arg;
7138 	avl_index_t where;
7139 	zdb_ddt_entry_t *zdde, zdde_search;
7140 
7141 	if (zb->zb_level == ZB_DNODE_LEVEL || BP_IS_HOLE(bp) ||
7142 	    BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp))
7143 		return (0);
7144 
7145 	if (dump_opt['S'] > 1 && zb->zb_level == ZB_ROOT_LEVEL) {
7146 		(void) printf("traversing objset %llu, %llu objects, "
7147 		    "%lu blocks so far\n",
7148 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_objset,
7149 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_FILL(bp),
7150 		    avl_numnodes(t));
7151 	}
7152 
7153 	if (BP_IS_HOLE(bp) || BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp) == ZIO_CHECKSUM_OFF ||
7154 	    BP_GET_LEVEL(bp) > 0 || DMU_OT_IS_METADATA(BP_GET_TYPE(bp)))
7155 		return (0);
7156 
7157 	ddt_key_fill(&zdde_search.zdde_key, bp);
7158 
7159 	zdde = avl_find(t, &zdde_search, &where);
7160 
7161 	if (zdde == NULL) {
7162 		zdde = umem_zalloc(sizeof (*zdde), UMEM_NOFAIL);
7163 		zdde->zdde_key = zdde_search.zdde_key;
7164 		avl_insert(t, zdde, where);
7165 	}
7166 
7167 	zdde->zdde_ref_blocks += 1;
7168 	zdde->zdde_ref_lsize += BP_GET_LSIZE(bp);
7169 	zdde->zdde_ref_psize += BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
7170 	zdde->zdde_ref_dsize += bp_get_dsize_sync(spa, bp);
7171 
7172 	return (0);
7173 }
7174 
7175 static void
7176 dump_simulated_ddt(spa_t *spa)
7177 {
7178 	avl_tree_t t;
7179 	void *cookie = NULL;
7180 	zdb_ddt_entry_t *zdde;
7181 	ddt_histogram_t ddh_total = {{{0}}};
7182 	ddt_stat_t dds_total = {0};
7183 
7184 	avl_create(&t, ddt_entry_compare,
7185 	    sizeof (zdb_ddt_entry_t), offsetof(zdb_ddt_entry_t, zdde_node));
7186 
7187 	spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG, RW_READER);
7188 
7189 	(void) traverse_pool(spa, 0, TRAVERSE_PRE | TRAVERSE_PREFETCH_METADATA |
7190 	    TRAVERSE_NO_DECRYPT, zdb_ddt_add_cb, &t);
7191 
7192 	spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG);
7193 
7194 	while ((zdde = avl_destroy_nodes(&t, &cookie)) != NULL) {
7195 		ddt_stat_t dds;
7196 		uint64_t refcnt = zdde->zdde_ref_blocks;
7197 		ASSERT(refcnt != 0);
7198 
7199 		dds.dds_blocks = zdde->zdde_ref_blocks / refcnt;
7200 		dds.dds_lsize = zdde->zdde_ref_lsize / refcnt;
7201 		dds.dds_psize = zdde->zdde_ref_psize / refcnt;
7202 		dds.dds_dsize = zdde->zdde_ref_dsize / refcnt;
7203 
7204 		dds.dds_ref_blocks = zdde->zdde_ref_blocks;
7205 		dds.dds_ref_lsize = zdde->zdde_ref_lsize;
7206 		dds.dds_ref_psize = zdde->zdde_ref_psize;
7207 		dds.dds_ref_dsize = zdde->zdde_ref_dsize;
7208 
7209 		ddt_stat_add(&ddh_total.ddh_stat[highbit64(refcnt) - 1],
7210 		    &dds, 0);
7211 
7212 		umem_free(zdde, sizeof (*zdde));
7213 	}
7214 
7215 	avl_destroy(&t);
7216 
7217 	ddt_histogram_stat(&dds_total, &ddh_total);
7218 
7219 	(void) printf("Simulated DDT histogram:\n");
7220 
7221 	zpool_dump_ddt(&dds_total, &ddh_total);
7222 
7223 	dump_dedup_ratio(&dds_total);
7224 }
7225 
7226 static int
7227 verify_device_removal_feature_counts(spa_t *spa)
7228 {
7229 	uint64_t dr_feature_refcount = 0;
7230 	uint64_t oc_feature_refcount = 0;
7231 	uint64_t indirect_vdev_count = 0;
7232 	uint64_t precise_vdev_count = 0;
7233 	uint64_t obsolete_counts_object_count = 0;
7234 	uint64_t obsolete_sm_count = 0;
7235 	uint64_t obsolete_counts_count = 0;
7236 	uint64_t scip_count = 0;
7237 	uint64_t obsolete_bpobj_count = 0;
7238 	int ret = 0;
7239 
7240 	spa_condensing_indirect_phys_t *scip =
7241 	    &spa->spa_condensing_indirect_phys;
7242 	if (scip->scip_next_mapping_object != 0) {
7243 		vdev_t *vd = spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[scip->scip_vdev];
7244 		ASSERT(scip->scip_prev_obsolete_sm_object != 0);
7245 		ASSERT3P(vd->vdev_ops, ==, &vdev_indirect_ops);
7246 
7247 		(void) printf("Condensing indirect vdev %llu: new mapping "
7248 		    "object %llu, prev obsolete sm %llu\n",
7249 		    (u_longlong_t)scip->scip_vdev,
7250 		    (u_longlong_t)scip->scip_next_mapping_object,
7251 		    (u_longlong_t)scip->scip_prev_obsolete_sm_object);
7252 		if (scip->scip_prev_obsolete_sm_object != 0) {
7253 			space_map_t *prev_obsolete_sm = NULL;
7254 			VERIFY0(space_map_open(&prev_obsolete_sm,
7255 			    spa->spa_meta_objset,
7256 			    scip->scip_prev_obsolete_sm_object,
7257 			    0, vd->vdev_asize, 0));
7258 			dump_spacemap(spa->spa_meta_objset, prev_obsolete_sm);
7259 			(void) printf("\n");
7260 			space_map_close(prev_obsolete_sm);
7261 		}
7262 
7263 		scip_count += 2;
7264 	}
7265 
7266 	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_children; i++) {
7267 		vdev_t *vd = spa->spa_root_vdev->vdev_child[i];
7268 		vdev_indirect_config_t *vic = &vd->vdev_indirect_config;
7269 
7270 		if (vic->vic_mapping_object != 0) {
7271 			ASSERT(vd->vdev_ops == &vdev_indirect_ops ||
7272 			    vd->vdev_removing);
7273 			indirect_vdev_count++;
7274 
7275 			if (vd->vdev_indirect_mapping->vim_havecounts) {
7276 				obsolete_counts_count++;
7277 			}
7278 		}
7279 
7280 		boolean_t are_precise;
7281 		VERIFY0(vdev_obsolete_counts_are_precise(vd, &are_precise));
7282 		if (are_precise) {
7283 			ASSERT(vic->vic_mapping_object != 0);
7284 			precise_vdev_count++;
7285 		}
7286 
7287 		uint64_t obsolete_sm_object;
7288 		VERIFY0(vdev_obsolete_sm_object(vd, &obsolete_sm_object));
7289 		if (obsolete_sm_object != 0) {
7290 			ASSERT(vic->vic_mapping_object != 0);
7291 			obsolete_sm_count++;
7292 		}
7293 	}
7294 
7295 	(void) feature_get_refcount(spa,
7296 	    &spa_feature_table[SPA_FEATURE_DEVICE_REMOVAL],
7297 	    &dr_feature_refcount);
7298 	(void) feature_get_refcount(spa,
7299 	    &spa_feature_table[SPA_FEATURE_OBSOLETE_COUNTS],
7300 	    &oc_feature_refcount);
7301 
7302 	if (dr_feature_refcount != indirect_vdev_count) {
7303 		ret = 1;
7304 		(void) printf("Number of indirect vdevs (%llu) " \
7305 		    "does not match feature count (%llu)\n",
7306 		    (u_longlong_t)indirect_vdev_count,
7307 		    (u_longlong_t)dr_feature_refcount);
7308 	} else {
7309 		(void) printf("Verified device_removal feature refcount " \
7310 		    "of %llu is correct\n",
7311 		    (u_longlong_t)dr_feature_refcount);
7312 	}
7313 
7314 	if (zap_contains(spa_meta_objset(spa), DMU_POOL_DIRECTORY_OBJECT,
7315 	    DMU_POOL_OBSOLETE_BPOBJ) == 0) {
7316 		obsolete_bpobj_count++;
7317 	}
7318 
7319 
7320 	obsolete_counts_object_count = precise_vdev_count;
7321 	obsolete_counts_object_count += obsolete_sm_count;
7322 	obsolete_counts_object_count += obsolete_counts_count;
7323 	obsolete_counts_object_count += scip_count;
7324 	obsolete_counts_object_count += obsolete_bpobj_count;
7325 	obsolete_counts_object_count += remap_deadlist_count;
7326 
7327 	if (oc_feature_refcount != obsolete_counts_object_count) {
7328 		ret = 1;
7329 		(void) printf("Number of obsolete counts objects (%llu) " \
7330 		    "does not match feature count (%llu)\n",
7331 		    (u_longlong_t)obsolete_counts_object_count,
7332 		    (u_longlong_t)oc_feature_refcount);
7333 		(void) printf("pv:%llu os:%llu oc:%llu sc:%llu "
7334 		    "ob:%llu rd:%llu\n",
7335 		    (u_longlong_t)precise_vdev_count,
7336 		    (u_longlong_t)obsolete_sm_count,
7337 		    (u_longlong_t)obsolete_counts_count,
7338 		    (u_longlong_t)scip_count,
7339 		    (u_longlong_t)obsolete_bpobj_count,
7340 		    (u_longlong_t)remap_deadlist_count);
7341 	} else {
7342 		(void) printf("Verified indirect_refcount feature refcount " \
7343 		    "of %llu is correct\n",
7344 		    (u_longlong_t)oc_feature_refcount);
7345 	}
7346 	return (ret);
7347 }
7348 
7349 static void
7350 zdb_set_skip_mmp(char *target)
7351 {
7352 	spa_t *spa;
7353 
7354 	/*
7355 	 * Disable the activity check to allow examination of
7356 	 * active pools.
7357 	 */
7358 	mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
7359 	if ((spa = spa_lookup(target)) != NULL) {
7360 		spa->spa_import_flags |= ZFS_IMPORT_SKIP_MMP;
7361 	}
7362 	mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
7363 }
7364 
7365 #define	BOGUS_SUFFIX "_CHECKPOINTED_UNIVERSE"
7366 /*
7367  * Import the checkpointed state of the pool specified by the target
7368  * parameter as readonly. The function also accepts a pool config
7369  * as an optional parameter, else it attempts to infer the config by
7370  * the name of the target pool.
7371  *
7372  * Note that the checkpointed state's pool name will be the name of
7373  * the original pool with the above suffix appended to it. In addition,
7374  * if the target is not a pool name (e.g. a path to a dataset) then
7375  * the new_path parameter is populated with the updated path to
7376  * reflect the fact that we are looking into the checkpointed state.
7377  *
7378  * The function returns a newly-allocated copy of the name of the
7379  * pool containing the checkpointed state. When this copy is no
7380  * longer needed it should be freed with free(3C). Same thing
7381  * applies to the new_path parameter if allocated.
7382  */
7383 static char *
7384 import_checkpointed_state(char *target, nvlist_t *cfg, char **new_path)
7385 {
7386 	int error = 0;
7387 	char *poolname, *bogus_name = NULL;
7388 	boolean_t freecfg = B_FALSE;
7389 
7390 	/* If the target is not a pool, the extract the pool name */
7391 	char *path_start = strchr(target, '/');
7392 	if (path_start != NULL) {
7393 		size_t poolname_len = path_start - target;
7394 		poolname = strndup(target, poolname_len);
7395 	} else {
7396 		poolname = target;
7397 	}
7398 
7399 	if (cfg == NULL) {
7400 		zdb_set_skip_mmp(poolname);
7401 		error = spa_get_stats(poolname, &cfg, NULL, 0);
7402 		if (error != 0) {
7403 			fatal("Tried to read config of pool \"%s\" but "
7404 			    "spa_get_stats() failed with error %d\n",
7405 			    poolname, error);
7406 		}
7407 		freecfg = B_TRUE;
7408 	}
7409 
7410 	if (asprintf(&bogus_name, "%s%s", poolname, BOGUS_SUFFIX) == -1) {
7411 		if (target != poolname)
7412 			free(poolname);
7413 		return (NULL);
7414 	}
7415 	fnvlist_add_string(cfg, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_NAME, bogus_name);
7416 
7417 	error = spa_import(bogus_name, cfg, NULL,
7418 	    ZFS_IMPORT_MISSING_LOG | ZFS_IMPORT_CHECKPOINT |
7419 	    ZFS_IMPORT_SKIP_MMP);
7420 	if (freecfg)
7421 		nvlist_free(cfg);
7422 	if (error != 0) {
7423 		fatal("Tried to import pool \"%s\" but spa_import() failed "
7424 		    "with error %d\n", bogus_name, error);
7425 	}
7426 
7427 	if (new_path != NULL && path_start != NULL) {
7428 		if (asprintf(new_path, "%s%s", bogus_name, path_start) == -1) {
7429 			free(bogus_name);
7430 			if (path_start != NULL)
7431 				free(poolname);
7432 			return (NULL);
7433 		}
7434 	}
7435 
7436 	if (target != poolname)
7437 		free(poolname);
7438 
7439 	return (bogus_name);
7440 }
7441 
7442 typedef struct verify_checkpoint_sm_entry_cb_arg {
7443 	vdev_t *vcsec_vd;
7444 
7445 	/* the following fields are only used for printing progress */
7446 	uint64_t vcsec_entryid;
7447 	uint64_t vcsec_num_entries;
7448 } verify_checkpoint_sm_entry_cb_arg_t;
7449 
7450 #define	ENTRIES_PER_PROGRESS_UPDATE 10000
7451 
7452 static int
7453 verify_checkpoint_sm_entry_cb(space_map_entry_t *sme, void *arg)
7454 {
7455 	verify_checkpoint_sm_entry_cb_arg_t *vcsec = arg;
7456 	vdev_t *vd = vcsec->vcsec_vd;
7457 	metaslab_t *ms = vd->vdev_ms[sme->sme_offset >> vd->vdev_ms_shift];
7458 	uint64_t end = sme->sme_offset + sme->sme_run;
7459 
7460 	ASSERT(sme->sme_type == SM_FREE);
7461 
7462 	if ((vcsec->vcsec_entryid % ENTRIES_PER_PROGRESS_UPDATE) == 0) {
7463 		(void) fprintf(stderr,
7464 		    "\rverifying vdev %llu, space map entry %llu of %llu ...",
7465 		    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_id,
7466 		    (longlong_t)vcsec->vcsec_entryid,
7467 		    (longlong_t)vcsec->vcsec_num_entries);
7468 	}
7469 	vcsec->vcsec_entryid++;
7470 
7471 	/*
7472 	 * See comment in checkpoint_sm_exclude_entry_cb()
7473 	 */
7474 	VERIFY3U(sme->sme_offset, >=, ms->ms_start);
7475 	VERIFY3U(end, <=, ms->ms_start + ms->ms_size);
7476 
7477 	/*
7478 	 * The entries in the vdev_checkpoint_sm should be marked as
7479 	 * allocated in the checkpointed state of the pool, therefore
7480 	 * their respective ms_allocateable trees should not contain them.
7481 	 */
7482 	mutex_enter(&ms->ms_lock);
7483 	range_tree_verify_not_present(ms->ms_allocatable,
7484 	    sme->sme_offset, sme->sme_run);
7485 	mutex_exit(&ms->ms_lock);
7486 
7487 	return (0);
7488 }
7489 
7490 /*
7491  * Verify that all segments in the vdev_checkpoint_sm are allocated
7492  * according to the checkpoint's ms_sm (i.e. are not in the checkpoint's
7493  * ms_allocatable).
7494  *
7495  * Do so by comparing the checkpoint space maps (vdev_checkpoint_sm) of
7496  * each vdev in the current state of the pool to the metaslab space maps
7497  * (ms_sm) of the checkpointed state of the pool.
7498  *
7499  * Note that the function changes the state of the ms_allocatable
7500  * trees of the current spa_t. The entries of these ms_allocatable
7501  * trees are cleared out and then repopulated from with the free
7502  * entries of their respective ms_sm space maps.
7503  */
7504 static void
7505 verify_checkpoint_vdev_spacemaps(spa_t *checkpoint, spa_t *current)
7506 {
7507 	vdev_t *ckpoint_rvd = checkpoint->spa_root_vdev;
7508 	vdev_t *current_rvd = current->spa_root_vdev;
7509 
7510 	load_concrete_ms_allocatable_trees(checkpoint, SM_FREE);
7511 
7512 	for (uint64_t c = 0; c < ckpoint_rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
7513 		vdev_t *ckpoint_vd = ckpoint_rvd->vdev_child[c];
7514 		vdev_t *current_vd = current_rvd->vdev_child[c];
7515 
7516 		space_map_t *checkpoint_sm = NULL;
7517 		uint64_t checkpoint_sm_obj;
7518 
7519 		if (ckpoint_vd->vdev_ops == &vdev_indirect_ops) {
7520 			/*
7521 			 * Since we don't allow device removal in a pool
7522 			 * that has a checkpoint, we expect that all removed
7523 			 * vdevs were removed from the pool before the
7524 			 * checkpoint.
7525 			 */
7526 			ASSERT3P(current_vd->vdev_ops, ==, &vdev_indirect_ops);
7527 			continue;
7528 		}
7529 
7530 		/*
7531 		 * If the checkpoint space map doesn't exist, then nothing
7532 		 * here is checkpointed so there's nothing to verify.
7533 		 */
7534 		if (current_vd->vdev_top_zap == 0 ||
7535 		    zap_contains(spa_meta_objset(current),
7536 		    current_vd->vdev_top_zap,
7537 		    VDEV_TOP_ZAP_POOL_CHECKPOINT_SM) != 0)
7538 			continue;
7539 
7540 		VERIFY0(zap_lookup(spa_meta_objset(current),
7541 		    current_vd->vdev_top_zap, VDEV_TOP_ZAP_POOL_CHECKPOINT_SM,
7542 		    sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &checkpoint_sm_obj));
7543 
7544 		VERIFY0(space_map_open(&checkpoint_sm, spa_meta_objset(current),
7545 		    checkpoint_sm_obj, 0, current_vd->vdev_asize,
7546 		    current_vd->vdev_ashift));
7547 
7548 		verify_checkpoint_sm_entry_cb_arg_t vcsec;
7549 		vcsec.vcsec_vd = ckpoint_vd;
7550 		vcsec.vcsec_entryid = 0;
7551 		vcsec.vcsec_num_entries =
7552 		    space_map_length(checkpoint_sm) / sizeof (uint64_t);
7553 		VERIFY0(space_map_iterate(checkpoint_sm,
7554 		    space_map_length(checkpoint_sm),
7555 		    verify_checkpoint_sm_entry_cb, &vcsec));
7556 		if (dump_opt['m'] > 3)
7557 			dump_spacemap(current->spa_meta_objset, checkpoint_sm);
7558 		space_map_close(checkpoint_sm);
7559 	}
7560 
7561 	/*
7562 	 * If we've added vdevs since we took the checkpoint, ensure
7563 	 * that their checkpoint space maps are empty.
7564 	 */
7565 	if (ckpoint_rvd->vdev_children < current_rvd->vdev_children) {
7566 		for (uint64_t c = ckpoint_rvd->vdev_children;
7567 		    c < current_rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
7568 			vdev_t *current_vd = current_rvd->vdev_child[c];
7569 			VERIFY3P(current_vd->vdev_checkpoint_sm, ==, NULL);
7570 		}
7571 	}
7572 
7573 	/* for cleaner progress output */
7574 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
7575 }
7576 
7577 /*
7578  * Verifies that all space that's allocated in the checkpoint is
7579  * still allocated in the current version, by checking that everything
7580  * in checkpoint's ms_allocatable (which is actually allocated, not
7581  * allocatable/free) is not present in current's ms_allocatable.
7582  *
7583  * Note that the function changes the state of the ms_allocatable
7584  * trees of both spas when called. The entries of all ms_allocatable
7585  * trees are cleared out and then repopulated from their respective
7586  * ms_sm space maps. In the checkpointed state we load the allocated
7587  * entries, and in the current state we load the free entries.
7588  */
7589 static void
7590 verify_checkpoint_ms_spacemaps(spa_t *checkpoint, spa_t *current)
7591 {
7592 	vdev_t *ckpoint_rvd = checkpoint->spa_root_vdev;
7593 	vdev_t *current_rvd = current->spa_root_vdev;
7594 
7595 	load_concrete_ms_allocatable_trees(checkpoint, SM_ALLOC);
7596 	load_concrete_ms_allocatable_trees(current, SM_FREE);
7597 
7598 	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < ckpoint_rvd->vdev_children; i++) {
7599 		vdev_t *ckpoint_vd = ckpoint_rvd->vdev_child[i];
7600 		vdev_t *current_vd = current_rvd->vdev_child[i];
7601 
7602 		if (ckpoint_vd->vdev_ops == &vdev_indirect_ops) {
7603 			/*
7604 			 * See comment in verify_checkpoint_vdev_spacemaps()
7605 			 */
7606 			ASSERT3P(current_vd->vdev_ops, ==, &vdev_indirect_ops);
7607 			continue;
7608 		}
7609 
7610 		for (uint64_t m = 0; m < ckpoint_vd->vdev_ms_count; m++) {
7611 			metaslab_t *ckpoint_msp = ckpoint_vd->vdev_ms[m];
7612 			metaslab_t *current_msp = current_vd->vdev_ms[m];
7613 
7614 			(void) fprintf(stderr,
7615 			    "\rverifying vdev %llu of %llu, "
7616 			    "metaslab %llu of %llu ...",
7617 			    (longlong_t)current_vd->vdev_id,
7618 			    (longlong_t)current_rvd->vdev_children,
7619 			    (longlong_t)current_vd->vdev_ms[m]->ms_id,
7620 			    (longlong_t)current_vd->vdev_ms_count);
7621 
7622 			/*
7623 			 * We walk through the ms_allocatable trees that
7624 			 * are loaded with the allocated blocks from the
7625 			 * ms_sm spacemaps of the checkpoint. For each
7626 			 * one of these ranges we ensure that none of them
7627 			 * exists in the ms_allocatable trees of the
7628 			 * current state which are loaded with the ranges
7629 			 * that are currently free.
7630 			 *
7631 			 * This way we ensure that none of the blocks that
7632 			 * are part of the checkpoint were freed by mistake.
7633 			 */
7634 			range_tree_walk(ckpoint_msp->ms_allocatable,
7635 			    (range_tree_func_t *)range_tree_verify_not_present,
7636 			    current_msp->ms_allocatable);
7637 		}
7638 	}
7639 
7640 	/* for cleaner progress output */
7641 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
7642 }
7643 
7644 static void
7645 verify_checkpoint_blocks(spa_t *spa)
7646 {
7647 	ASSERT(!dump_opt['L']);
7648 
7649 	spa_t *checkpoint_spa;
7650 	char *checkpoint_pool;
7651 	int error = 0;
7652 
7653 	/*
7654 	 * We import the checkpointed state of the pool (under a different
7655 	 * name) so we can do verification on it against the current state
7656 	 * of the pool.
7657 	 */
7658 	checkpoint_pool = import_checkpointed_state(spa->spa_name, NULL,
7659 	    NULL);
7660 	ASSERT(strcmp(spa->spa_name, checkpoint_pool) != 0);
7661 
7662 	error = spa_open(checkpoint_pool, &checkpoint_spa, FTAG);
7663 	if (error != 0) {
7664 		fatal("Tried to open pool \"%s\" but spa_open() failed with "
7665 		    "error %d\n", checkpoint_pool, error);
7666 	}
7667 
7668 	/*
7669 	 * Ensure that ranges in the checkpoint space maps of each vdev
7670 	 * are allocated according to the checkpointed state's metaslab
7671 	 * space maps.
7672 	 */
7673 	verify_checkpoint_vdev_spacemaps(checkpoint_spa, spa);
7674 
7675 	/*
7676 	 * Ensure that allocated ranges in the checkpoint's metaslab
7677 	 * space maps remain allocated in the metaslab space maps of
7678 	 * the current state.
7679 	 */
7680 	verify_checkpoint_ms_spacemaps(checkpoint_spa, spa);
7681 
7682 	/*
7683 	 * Once we are done, we get rid of the checkpointed state.
7684 	 */
7685 	spa_close(checkpoint_spa, FTAG);
7686 	free(checkpoint_pool);
7687 }
7688 
7689 static void
7690 dump_leftover_checkpoint_blocks(spa_t *spa)
7691 {
7692 	vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
7693 
7694 	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < rvd->vdev_children; i++) {
7695 		vdev_t *vd = rvd->vdev_child[i];
7696 
7697 		space_map_t *checkpoint_sm = NULL;
7698 		uint64_t checkpoint_sm_obj;
7699 
7700 		if (vd->vdev_top_zap == 0)
7701 			continue;
7702 
7703 		if (zap_contains(spa_meta_objset(spa), vd->vdev_top_zap,
7704 		    VDEV_TOP_ZAP_POOL_CHECKPOINT_SM) != 0)
7705 			continue;
7706 
7707 		VERIFY0(zap_lookup(spa_meta_objset(spa), vd->vdev_top_zap,
7708 		    VDEV_TOP_ZAP_POOL_CHECKPOINT_SM,
7709 		    sizeof (uint64_t), 1, &checkpoint_sm_obj));
7710 
7711 		VERIFY0(space_map_open(&checkpoint_sm, spa_meta_objset(spa),
7712 		    checkpoint_sm_obj, 0, vd->vdev_asize, vd->vdev_ashift));
7713 		dump_spacemap(spa->spa_meta_objset, checkpoint_sm);
7714 		space_map_close(checkpoint_sm);
7715 	}
7716 }
7717 
7718 static int
7719 verify_checkpoint(spa_t *spa)
7720 {
7721 	uberblock_t checkpoint;
7722 	int error;
7723 
7724 	if (!spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_POOL_CHECKPOINT))
7725 		return (0);
7726 
7727 	error = zap_lookup(spa->spa_meta_objset, DMU_POOL_DIRECTORY_OBJECT,
7728 	    DMU_POOL_ZPOOL_CHECKPOINT, sizeof (uint64_t),
7729 	    sizeof (uberblock_t) / sizeof (uint64_t), &checkpoint);
7730 
7731 	if (error == ENOENT && !dump_opt['L']) {
7732 		/*
7733 		 * If the feature is active but the uberblock is missing
7734 		 * then we must be in the middle of discarding the
7735 		 * checkpoint.
7736 		 */
7737 		(void) printf("\nPartially discarded checkpoint "
7738 		    "state found:\n");
7739 		if (dump_opt['m'] > 3)
7740 			dump_leftover_checkpoint_blocks(spa);
7741 		return (0);
7742 	} else if (error != 0) {
7743 		(void) printf("lookup error %d when looking for "
7744 		    "checkpointed uberblock in MOS\n", error);
7745 		return (error);
7746 	}
7747 	dump_uberblock(&checkpoint, "\nCheckpointed uberblock found:\n", "\n");
7748 
7749 	if (checkpoint.ub_checkpoint_txg == 0) {
7750 		(void) printf("\nub_checkpoint_txg not set in checkpointed "
7751 		    "uberblock\n");
7752 		error = 3;
7753 	}
7754 
7755 	if (error == 0 && !dump_opt['L'])
7756 		verify_checkpoint_blocks(spa);
7757 
7758 	return (error);
7759 }
7760 
7761 static void
7762 mos_leaks_cb(void *arg, uint64_t start, uint64_t size)
7763 {
7764 	(void) arg;
7765 	for (uint64_t i = start; i < size; i++) {
7766 		(void) printf("MOS object %llu referenced but not allocated\n",
7767 		    (u_longlong_t)i);
7768 	}
7769 }
7770 
7771 static void
7772 mos_obj_refd(uint64_t obj)
7773 {
7774 	if (obj != 0 && mos_refd_objs != NULL)
7775 		range_tree_add(mos_refd_objs, obj, 1);
7776 }
7777 
7778 /*
7779  * Call on a MOS object that may already have been referenced.
7780  */
7781 static void
7782 mos_obj_refd_multiple(uint64_t obj)
7783 {
7784 	if (obj != 0 && mos_refd_objs != NULL &&
7785 	    !range_tree_contains(mos_refd_objs, obj, 1))
7786 		range_tree_add(mos_refd_objs, obj, 1);
7787 }
7788 
7789 static void
7790 mos_leak_vdev_top_zap(vdev_t *vd)
7791 {
7792 	uint64_t ms_flush_data_obj;
7793 	int error = zap_lookup(spa_meta_objset(vd->vdev_spa),
7794 	    vd->vdev_top_zap, VDEV_TOP_ZAP_MS_UNFLUSHED_PHYS_TXGS,
7795 	    sizeof (ms_flush_data_obj), 1, &ms_flush_data_obj);
7796 	if (error == ENOENT)
7797 		return;
7798 	ASSERT0(error);
7799 
7800 	mos_obj_refd(ms_flush_data_obj);
7801 }
7802 
7803 static void
7804 mos_leak_vdev(vdev_t *vd)
7805 {
7806 	mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_dtl_object);
7807 	mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_ms_array);
7808 	mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_indirect_config.vic_births_object);
7809 	mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_indirect_config.vic_mapping_object);
7810 	mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_leaf_zap);
7811 	if (vd->vdev_checkpoint_sm != NULL)
7812 		mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_checkpoint_sm->sm_object);
7813 	if (vd->vdev_indirect_mapping != NULL) {
7814 		mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_indirect_mapping->
7815 		    vim_phys->vimp_counts_object);
7816 	}
7817 	if (vd->vdev_obsolete_sm != NULL)
7818 		mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_obsolete_sm->sm_object);
7819 
7820 	for (uint64_t m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++) {
7821 		metaslab_t *ms = vd->vdev_ms[m];
7822 		mos_obj_refd(space_map_object(ms->ms_sm));
7823 	}
7824 
7825 	if (vd->vdev_root_zap != 0)
7826 		mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_root_zap);
7827 
7828 	if (vd->vdev_top_zap != 0) {
7829 		mos_obj_refd(vd->vdev_top_zap);
7830 		mos_leak_vdev_top_zap(vd);
7831 	}
7832 
7833 	for (uint64_t c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++) {
7834 		mos_leak_vdev(vd->vdev_child[c]);
7835 	}
7836 }
7837 
7838 static void
7839 mos_leak_log_spacemaps(spa_t *spa)
7840 {
7841 	uint64_t spacemap_zap;
7842 	int error = zap_lookup(spa_meta_objset(spa),
7843 	    DMU_POOL_DIRECTORY_OBJECT, DMU_POOL_LOG_SPACEMAP_ZAP,
7844 	    sizeof (spacemap_zap), 1, &spacemap_zap);
7845 	if (error == ENOENT)
7846 		return;
7847 	ASSERT0(error);
7848 
7849 	mos_obj_refd(spacemap_zap);
7850 	for (spa_log_sm_t *sls = avl_first(&spa->spa_sm_logs_by_txg);
7851 	    sls; sls = AVL_NEXT(&spa->spa_sm_logs_by_txg, sls))
7852 		mos_obj_refd(sls->sls_sm_obj);
7853 }
7854 
7855 static void
7856 errorlog_count_refd(objset_t *mos, uint64_t errlog)
7857 {
7858 	zap_cursor_t zc;
7859 	zap_attribute_t za;
7860 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, mos, errlog);
7861 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &za) == 0;
7862 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
7863 		mos_obj_refd(za.za_first_integer);
7864 	}
7865 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
7866 }
7867 
7868 static int
7869 dump_mos_leaks(spa_t *spa)
7870 {
7871 	int rv = 0;
7872 	objset_t *mos = spa->spa_meta_objset;
7873 	dsl_pool_t *dp = spa->spa_dsl_pool;
7874 
7875 	/* Visit and mark all referenced objects in the MOS */
7876 
7877 	mos_obj_refd(DMU_POOL_DIRECTORY_OBJECT);
7878 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_pool_props_object);
7879 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_config_object);
7880 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_ddt_stat_object);
7881 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_feat_desc_obj);
7882 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_feat_enabled_txg_obj);
7883 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_feat_for_read_obj);
7884 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_feat_for_write_obj);
7885 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_history);
7886 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_errlog_last);
7887 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_errlog_scrub);
7888 
7889 	if (spa_feature_is_enabled(spa, SPA_FEATURE_HEAD_ERRLOG)) {
7890 		errorlog_count_refd(mos, spa->spa_errlog_last);
7891 		errorlog_count_refd(mos, spa->spa_errlog_scrub);
7892 	}
7893 
7894 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_all_vdev_zaps);
7895 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_bptree_obj);
7896 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_tmp_userrefs_obj);
7897 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_scan->scn_phys.scn_queue_obj);
7898 	bpobj_count_refd(&spa->spa_deferred_bpobj);
7899 	mos_obj_refd(dp->dp_empty_bpobj);
7900 	bpobj_count_refd(&dp->dp_obsolete_bpobj);
7901 	bpobj_count_refd(&dp->dp_free_bpobj);
7902 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_l2cache.sav_object);
7903 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_spares.sav_object);
7904 
7905 	if (spa->spa_syncing_log_sm != NULL)
7906 		mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_syncing_log_sm->sm_object);
7907 	mos_leak_log_spacemaps(spa);
7908 
7909 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_condensing_indirect_phys.
7910 	    scip_next_mapping_object);
7911 	mos_obj_refd(spa->spa_condensing_indirect_phys.
7912 	    scip_prev_obsolete_sm_object);
7913 	if (spa->spa_condensing_indirect_phys.scip_next_mapping_object != 0) {
7914 		vdev_indirect_mapping_t *vim =
7915 		    vdev_indirect_mapping_open(mos,
7916 		    spa->spa_condensing_indirect_phys.scip_next_mapping_object);
7917 		mos_obj_refd(vim->vim_phys->vimp_counts_object);
7918 		vdev_indirect_mapping_close(vim);
7919 	}
7920 	deleted_livelists_dump_mos(spa);
7921 
7922 	if (dp->dp_origin_snap != NULL) {
7923 		dsl_dataset_t *ds;
7924 
7925 		dsl_pool_config_enter(dp, FTAG);
7926 		VERIFY0(dsl_dataset_hold_obj(dp,
7927 		    dsl_dataset_phys(dp->dp_origin_snap)->ds_next_snap_obj,
7928 		    FTAG, &ds));
7929 		count_ds_mos_objects(ds);
7930 		dump_blkptr_list(&ds->ds_deadlist, "Deadlist");
7931 		dsl_dataset_rele(ds, FTAG);
7932 		dsl_pool_config_exit(dp, FTAG);
7933 
7934 		count_ds_mos_objects(dp->dp_origin_snap);
7935 		dump_blkptr_list(&dp->dp_origin_snap->ds_deadlist, "Deadlist");
7936 	}
7937 	count_dir_mos_objects(dp->dp_mos_dir);
7938 	if (dp->dp_free_dir != NULL)
7939 		count_dir_mos_objects(dp->dp_free_dir);
7940 	if (dp->dp_leak_dir != NULL)
7941 		count_dir_mos_objects(dp->dp_leak_dir);
7942 
7943 	mos_leak_vdev(spa->spa_root_vdev);
7944 
7945 	for (uint64_t class = 0; class < DDT_CLASSES; class++) {
7946 		for (uint64_t type = 0; type < DDT_TYPES; type++) {
7947 			for (uint64_t cksum = 0;
7948 			    cksum < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS; cksum++) {
7949 				ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[cksum];
7950 				mos_obj_refd(ddt->ddt_object[type][class]);
7951 			}
7952 		}
7953 	}
7954 
7955 	if (spa->spa_brt != NULL) {
7956 		brt_t *brt = spa->spa_brt;
7957 		for (uint64_t vdevid = 0; vdevid < brt->brt_nvdevs; vdevid++) {
7958 			brt_vdev_t *brtvd = &brt->brt_vdevs[vdevid];
7959 			if (brtvd != NULL && brtvd->bv_initiated) {
7960 				mos_obj_refd(brtvd->bv_mos_brtvdev);
7961 				mos_obj_refd(brtvd->bv_mos_entries);
7962 			}
7963 		}
7964 	}
7965 
7966 	/*
7967 	 * Visit all allocated objects and make sure they are referenced.
7968 	 */
7969 	uint64_t object = 0;
7970 	while (dmu_object_next(mos, &object, B_FALSE, 0) == 0) {
7971 		if (range_tree_contains(mos_refd_objs, object, 1)) {
7972 			range_tree_remove(mos_refd_objs, object, 1);
7973 		} else {
7974 			dmu_object_info_t doi;
7975 			const char *name;
7976 			VERIFY0(dmu_object_info(mos, object, &doi));
7977 			if (doi.doi_type & DMU_OT_NEWTYPE) {
7978 				dmu_object_byteswap_t bswap =
7979 				    DMU_OT_BYTESWAP(doi.doi_type);
7980 				name = dmu_ot_byteswap[bswap].ob_name;
7981 			} else {
7982 				name = dmu_ot[doi.doi_type].ot_name;
7983 			}
7984 
7985 			(void) printf("MOS object %llu (%s) leaked\n",
7986 			    (u_longlong_t)object, name);
7987 			rv = 2;
7988 		}
7989 	}
7990 	(void) range_tree_walk(mos_refd_objs, mos_leaks_cb, NULL);
7991 	if (!range_tree_is_empty(mos_refd_objs))
7992 		rv = 2;
7993 	range_tree_vacate(mos_refd_objs, NULL, NULL);
7994 	range_tree_destroy(mos_refd_objs);
7995 	return (rv);
7996 }
7997 
7998 typedef struct log_sm_obsolete_stats_arg {
7999 	uint64_t lsos_current_txg;
8000 
8001 	uint64_t lsos_total_entries;
8002 	uint64_t lsos_valid_entries;
8003 
8004 	uint64_t lsos_sm_entries;
8005 	uint64_t lsos_valid_sm_entries;
8006 } log_sm_obsolete_stats_arg_t;
8007 
8008 static int
8009 log_spacemap_obsolete_stats_cb(spa_t *spa, space_map_entry_t *sme,
8010     uint64_t txg, void *arg)
8011 {
8012 	log_sm_obsolete_stats_arg_t *lsos = arg;
8013 
8014 	uint64_t offset = sme->sme_offset;
8015 	uint64_t vdev_id = sme->sme_vdev;
8016 
8017 	if (lsos->lsos_current_txg == 0) {
8018 		/* this is the first log */
8019 		lsos->lsos_current_txg = txg;
8020 	} else if (lsos->lsos_current_txg < txg) {
8021 		/* we just changed log - print stats and reset */
8022 		(void) printf("%-8llu valid entries out of %-8llu - txg %llu\n",
8023 		    (u_longlong_t)lsos->lsos_valid_sm_entries,
8024 		    (u_longlong_t)lsos->lsos_sm_entries,
8025 		    (u_longlong_t)lsos->lsos_current_txg);
8026 		lsos->lsos_valid_sm_entries = 0;
8027 		lsos->lsos_sm_entries = 0;
8028 		lsos->lsos_current_txg = txg;
8029 	}
8030 	ASSERT3U(lsos->lsos_current_txg, ==, txg);
8031 
8032 	lsos->lsos_sm_entries++;
8033 	lsos->lsos_total_entries++;
8034 
8035 	vdev_t *vd = vdev_lookup_top(spa, vdev_id);
8036 	if (!vdev_is_concrete(vd))
8037 		return (0);
8038 
8039 	metaslab_t *ms = vd->vdev_ms[offset >> vd->vdev_ms_shift];
8040 	ASSERT(sme->sme_type == SM_ALLOC || sme->sme_type == SM_FREE);
8041 
8042 	if (txg < metaslab_unflushed_txg(ms))
8043 		return (0);
8044 	lsos->lsos_valid_sm_entries++;
8045 	lsos->lsos_valid_entries++;
8046 	return (0);
8047 }
8048 
8049 static void
8050 dump_log_spacemap_obsolete_stats(spa_t *spa)
8051 {
8052 	if (!spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_LOG_SPACEMAP))
8053 		return;
8054 
8055 	log_sm_obsolete_stats_arg_t lsos = {0};
8056 
8057 	(void) printf("Log Space Map Obsolete Entry Statistics:\n");
8058 
8059 	iterate_through_spacemap_logs(spa,
8060 	    log_spacemap_obsolete_stats_cb, &lsos);
8061 
8062 	/* print stats for latest log */
8063 	(void) printf("%-8llu valid entries out of %-8llu - txg %llu\n",
8064 	    (u_longlong_t)lsos.lsos_valid_sm_entries,
8065 	    (u_longlong_t)lsos.lsos_sm_entries,
8066 	    (u_longlong_t)lsos.lsos_current_txg);
8067 
8068 	(void) printf("%-8llu valid entries out of %-8llu - total\n\n",
8069 	    (u_longlong_t)lsos.lsos_valid_entries,
8070 	    (u_longlong_t)lsos.lsos_total_entries);
8071 }
8072 
8073 static void
8074 dump_zpool(spa_t *spa)
8075 {
8076 	dsl_pool_t *dp = spa_get_dsl(spa);
8077 	int rc = 0;
8078 
8079 	if (dump_opt['y']) {
8080 		livelist_metaslab_validate(spa);
8081 	}
8082 
8083 	if (dump_opt['S']) {
8084 		dump_simulated_ddt(spa);
8085 		return;
8086 	}
8087 
8088 	if (!dump_opt['e'] && dump_opt['C'] > 1) {
8089 		(void) printf("\nCached configuration:\n");
8090 		dump_nvlist(spa->spa_config, 8);
8091 	}
8092 
8093 	if (dump_opt['C'])
8094 		dump_config(spa);
8095 
8096 	if (dump_opt['u'])
8097 		dump_uberblock(&spa->spa_uberblock, "\nUberblock:\n", "\n");
8098 
8099 	if (dump_opt['D'])
8100 		dump_all_ddts(spa);
8101 
8102 	if (dump_opt['T'])
8103 		dump_brt(spa);
8104 
8105 	if (dump_opt['d'] > 2 || dump_opt['m'])
8106 		dump_metaslabs(spa);
8107 	if (dump_opt['M'])
8108 		dump_metaslab_groups(spa, dump_opt['M'] > 1);
8109 	if (dump_opt['d'] > 2 || dump_opt['m']) {
8110 		dump_log_spacemaps(spa);
8111 		dump_log_spacemap_obsolete_stats(spa);
8112 	}
8113 
8114 	if (dump_opt['d'] || dump_opt['i']) {
8115 		spa_feature_t f;
8116 		mos_refd_objs = range_tree_create(NULL, RANGE_SEG64, NULL, 0,
8117 		    0);
8118 		dump_objset(dp->dp_meta_objset);
8119 
8120 		if (dump_opt['d'] >= 3) {
8121 			dsl_pool_t *dp = spa->spa_dsl_pool;
8122 			dump_full_bpobj(&spa->spa_deferred_bpobj,
8123 			    "Deferred frees", 0);
8124 			if (spa_version(spa) >= SPA_VERSION_DEADLISTS) {
8125 				dump_full_bpobj(&dp->dp_free_bpobj,
8126 				    "Pool snapshot frees", 0);
8127 			}
8128 			if (bpobj_is_open(&dp->dp_obsolete_bpobj)) {
8129 				ASSERT(spa_feature_is_enabled(spa,
8130 				    SPA_FEATURE_DEVICE_REMOVAL));
8131 				dump_full_bpobj(&dp->dp_obsolete_bpobj,
8132 				    "Pool obsolete blocks", 0);
8133 			}
8134 
8135 			if (spa_feature_is_active(spa,
8136 			    SPA_FEATURE_ASYNC_DESTROY)) {
8137 				dump_bptree(spa->spa_meta_objset,
8138 				    dp->dp_bptree_obj,
8139 				    "Pool dataset frees");
8140 			}
8141 			dump_dtl(spa->spa_root_vdev, 0);
8142 		}
8143 
8144 		for (spa_feature_t f = 0; f < SPA_FEATURES; f++)
8145 			global_feature_count[f] = UINT64_MAX;
8146 		global_feature_count[SPA_FEATURE_REDACTION_BOOKMARKS] = 0;
8147 		global_feature_count[SPA_FEATURE_REDACTION_LIST_SPILL] = 0;
8148 		global_feature_count[SPA_FEATURE_BOOKMARK_WRITTEN] = 0;
8149 		global_feature_count[SPA_FEATURE_LIVELIST] = 0;
8150 
8151 		(void) dmu_objset_find(spa_name(spa), dump_one_objset,
8152 		    NULL, DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS | DS_FIND_CHILDREN);
8153 
8154 		if (rc == 0 && !dump_opt['L'])
8155 			rc = dump_mos_leaks(spa);
8156 
8157 		for (f = 0; f < SPA_FEATURES; f++) {
8158 			uint64_t refcount;
8159 
8160 			uint64_t *arr;
8161 			if (!(spa_feature_table[f].fi_flags &
8162 			    ZFEATURE_FLAG_PER_DATASET)) {
8163 				if (global_feature_count[f] == UINT64_MAX)
8164 					continue;
8165 				if (!spa_feature_is_enabled(spa, f)) {
8166 					ASSERT0(global_feature_count[f]);
8167 					continue;
8168 				}
8169 				arr = global_feature_count;
8170 			} else {
8171 				if (!spa_feature_is_enabled(spa, f)) {
8172 					ASSERT0(dataset_feature_count[f]);
8173 					continue;
8174 				}
8175 				arr = dataset_feature_count;
8176 			}
8177 			if (feature_get_refcount(spa, &spa_feature_table[f],
8178 			    &refcount) == ENOTSUP)
8179 				continue;
8180 			if (arr[f] != refcount) {
8181 				(void) printf("%s feature refcount mismatch: "
8182 				    "%lld consumers != %lld refcount\n",
8183 				    spa_feature_table[f].fi_uname,
8184 				    (longlong_t)arr[f], (longlong_t)refcount);
8185 				rc = 2;
8186 			} else {
8187 				(void) printf("Verified %s feature refcount "
8188 				    "of %llu is correct\n",
8189 				    spa_feature_table[f].fi_uname,
8190 				    (longlong_t)refcount);
8191 			}
8192 		}
8193 
8194 		if (rc == 0)
8195 			rc = verify_device_removal_feature_counts(spa);
8196 	}
8197 
8198 	if (rc == 0 && (dump_opt['b'] || dump_opt['c']))
8199 		rc = dump_block_stats(spa);
8200 
8201 	if (rc == 0)
8202 		rc = verify_spacemap_refcounts(spa);
8203 
8204 	if (dump_opt['s'])
8205 		show_pool_stats(spa);
8206 
8207 	if (dump_opt['h'])
8208 		dump_history(spa);
8209 
8210 	if (rc == 0)
8211 		rc = verify_checkpoint(spa);
8212 
8213 	if (rc != 0) {
8214 		dump_debug_buffer();
8215 		exit(rc);
8216 	}
8217 }
8218 
8219 #define	ZDB_FLAG_CHECKSUM	0x0001
8220 #define	ZDB_FLAG_DECOMPRESS	0x0002
8221 #define	ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP		0x0004
8222 #define	ZDB_FLAG_GBH		0x0008
8223 #define	ZDB_FLAG_INDIRECT	0x0010
8224 #define	ZDB_FLAG_RAW		0x0020
8225 #define	ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR	0x0040
8226 #define	ZDB_FLAG_VERBOSE	0x0080
8227 
8228 static int flagbits[256];
8229 static char flagbitstr[16];
8230 
8231 static void
8232 zdb_print_blkptr(const blkptr_t *bp, int flags)
8233 {
8234 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
8235 
8236 	if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP)
8237 		byteswap_uint64_array((void *)bp, sizeof (blkptr_t));
8238 
8239 	snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
8240 	(void) printf("%s\n", blkbuf);
8241 }
8242 
8243 static void
8244 zdb_dump_indirect(blkptr_t *bp, int nbps, int flags)
8245 {
8246 	int i;
8247 
8248 	for (i = 0; i < nbps; i++)
8249 		zdb_print_blkptr(&bp[i], flags);
8250 }
8251 
8252 static void
8253 zdb_dump_gbh(void *buf, int flags)
8254 {
8255 	zdb_dump_indirect((blkptr_t *)buf, SPA_GBH_NBLKPTRS, flags);
8256 }
8257 
8258 static void
8259 zdb_dump_block_raw(void *buf, uint64_t size, int flags)
8260 {
8261 	if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP)
8262 		byteswap_uint64_array(buf, size);
8263 	VERIFY(write(fileno(stdout), buf, size) == size);
8264 }
8265 
8266 static void
8267 zdb_dump_block(char *label, void *buf, uint64_t size, int flags)
8268 {
8269 	uint64_t *d = (uint64_t *)buf;
8270 	unsigned nwords = size / sizeof (uint64_t);
8271 	int do_bswap = !!(flags & ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP);
8272 	unsigned i, j;
8273 	const char *hdr;
8274 	char *c;
8275 
8276 
8277 	if (do_bswap)
8278 		hdr = " 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0   f e d c b a 9 8";
8279 	else
8280 		hdr = " 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7   8 9 a b c d e f";
8281 
8282 	(void) printf("\n%s\n%6s   %s  0123456789abcdef\n", label, "", hdr);
8283 
8284 #ifdef _LITTLE_ENDIAN
8285 	/* correct the endianness */
8286 	do_bswap = !do_bswap;
8287 #endif
8288 	for (i = 0; i < nwords; i += 2) {
8289 		(void) printf("%06llx:  %016llx  %016llx  ",
8290 		    (u_longlong_t)(i * sizeof (uint64_t)),
8291 		    (u_longlong_t)(do_bswap ? BSWAP_64(d[i]) : d[i]),
8292 		    (u_longlong_t)(do_bswap ? BSWAP_64(d[i + 1]) : d[i + 1]));
8293 
8294 		c = (char *)&d[i];
8295 		for (j = 0; j < 2 * sizeof (uint64_t); j++)
8296 			(void) printf("%c", isprint(c[j]) ? c[j] : '.');
8297 		(void) printf("\n");
8298 	}
8299 }
8300 
8301 /*
8302  * There are two acceptable formats:
8303  *	leaf_name	  - For example: c1t0d0 or /tmp/ztest.0a
8304  *	child[.child]*    - For example: 0.1.1
8305  *
8306  * The second form can be used to specify arbitrary vdevs anywhere
8307  * in the hierarchy.  For example, in a pool with a mirror of
8308  * RAID-Zs, you can specify either RAID-Z vdev with 0.0 or 0.1 .
8309  */
8310 static vdev_t *
8311 zdb_vdev_lookup(vdev_t *vdev, const char *path)
8312 {
8313 	char *s, *p, *q;
8314 	unsigned i;
8315 
8316 	if (vdev == NULL)
8317 		return (NULL);
8318 
8319 	/* First, assume the x.x.x.x format */
8320 	i = strtoul(path, &s, 10);
8321 	if (s == path || (s && *s != '.' && *s != '\0'))
8322 		goto name;
8323 	if (i >= vdev->vdev_children)
8324 		return (NULL);
8325 
8326 	vdev = vdev->vdev_child[i];
8327 	if (s && *s == '\0')
8328 		return (vdev);
8329 	return (zdb_vdev_lookup(vdev, s+1));
8330 
8331 name:
8332 	for (i = 0; i < vdev->vdev_children; i++) {
8333 		vdev_t *vc = vdev->vdev_child[i];
8334 
8335 		if (vc->vdev_path == NULL) {
8336 			vc = zdb_vdev_lookup(vc, path);
8337 			if (vc == NULL)
8338 				continue;
8339 			else
8340 				return (vc);
8341 		}
8342 
8343 		p = strrchr(vc->vdev_path, '/');
8344 		p = p ? p + 1 : vc->vdev_path;
8345 		q = &vc->vdev_path[strlen(vc->vdev_path) - 2];
8346 
8347 		if (strcmp(vc->vdev_path, path) == 0)
8348 			return (vc);
8349 		if (strcmp(p, path) == 0)
8350 			return (vc);
8351 		if (strcmp(q, "s0") == 0 && strncmp(p, path, q - p) == 0)
8352 			return (vc);
8353 	}
8354 
8355 	return (NULL);
8356 }
8357 
8358 static int
8359 name_from_objset_id(spa_t *spa, uint64_t objset_id, char *outstr)
8360 {
8361 	dsl_dataset_t *ds;
8362 
8363 	dsl_pool_config_enter(spa->spa_dsl_pool, FTAG);
8364 	int error = dsl_dataset_hold_obj(spa->spa_dsl_pool, objset_id,
8365 	    NULL, &ds);
8366 	if (error != 0) {
8367 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to hold objset %llu: %s\n",
8368 		    (u_longlong_t)objset_id, strerror(error));
8369 		dsl_pool_config_exit(spa->spa_dsl_pool, FTAG);
8370 		return (error);
8371 	}
8372 	dsl_dataset_name(ds, outstr);
8373 	dsl_dataset_rele(ds, NULL);
8374 	dsl_pool_config_exit(spa->spa_dsl_pool, FTAG);
8375 	return (0);
8376 }
8377 
8378 static boolean_t
8379 zdb_parse_block_sizes(char *sizes, uint64_t *lsize, uint64_t *psize)
8380 {
8381 	char *s0, *s1, *tmp = NULL;
8382 
8383 	if (sizes == NULL)
8384 		return (B_FALSE);
8385 
8386 	s0 = strtok_r(sizes, "/", &tmp);
8387 	if (s0 == NULL)
8388 		return (B_FALSE);
8389 	s1 = strtok_r(NULL, "/", &tmp);
8390 	*lsize = strtoull(s0, NULL, 16);
8391 	*psize = s1 ? strtoull(s1, NULL, 16) : *lsize;
8392 	return (*lsize >= *psize && *psize > 0);
8393 }
8394 
8395 #define	ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(alg)	(1ULL << (ZIO_COMPRESS_##alg))
8396 
8397 static boolean_t
8398 try_decompress_block(abd_t *pabd, uint64_t lsize, uint64_t psize,
8399     int flags, int cfunc, void *lbuf, void *lbuf2)
8400 {
8401 	if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_VERBOSE) {
8402 		(void) fprintf(stderr,
8403 		    "Trying %05llx -> %05llx (%s)\n",
8404 		    (u_longlong_t)psize,
8405 		    (u_longlong_t)lsize,
8406 		    zio_compress_table[cfunc].ci_name);
8407 	}
8408 
8409 	/*
8410 	 * We set lbuf to all zeros and lbuf2 to all
8411 	 * ones, then decompress to both buffers and
8412 	 * compare their contents. This way we can
8413 	 * know if decompression filled exactly to
8414 	 * lsize or if it left some bytes unwritten.
8415 	 */
8416 
8417 	memset(lbuf, 0x00, lsize);
8418 	memset(lbuf2, 0xff, lsize);
8419 
8420 	if (zio_decompress_data(cfunc, pabd,
8421 	    lbuf, psize, lsize, NULL) == 0 &&
8422 	    zio_decompress_data(cfunc, pabd,
8423 	    lbuf2, psize, lsize, NULL) == 0 &&
8424 	    memcmp(lbuf, lbuf2, lsize) == 0)
8425 		return (B_TRUE);
8426 	return (B_FALSE);
8427 }
8428 
8429 static uint64_t
8430 zdb_decompress_block(abd_t *pabd, void *buf, void *lbuf, uint64_t lsize,
8431     uint64_t psize, int flags)
8432 {
8433 	(void) buf;
8434 	uint64_t orig_lsize = lsize;
8435 	boolean_t tryzle = ((getenv("ZDB_NO_ZLE") == NULL));
8436 	boolean_t found = B_FALSE;
8437 	/*
8438 	 * We don't know how the data was compressed, so just try
8439 	 * every decompress function at every inflated blocksize.
8440 	 */
8441 	void *lbuf2 = umem_alloc(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, UMEM_NOFAIL);
8442 	int cfuncs[ZIO_COMPRESS_FUNCTIONS] = { 0 };
8443 	int *cfuncp = cfuncs;
8444 	uint64_t maxlsize = SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE;
8445 	uint64_t mask = ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(ON) | ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(OFF) |
8446 	    ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(INHERIT) | ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(EMPTY) |
8447 	    ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(ZLE);
8448 	*cfuncp++ = ZIO_COMPRESS_LZ4;
8449 	*cfuncp++ = ZIO_COMPRESS_LZJB;
8450 	mask |= ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(LZ4) | ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(LZJB);
8451 	/*
8452 	 * Every gzip level has the same decompressor, no need to
8453 	 * run it 9 times per bruteforce attempt.
8454 	 */
8455 	mask |= ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(GZIP_2) | ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(GZIP_3);
8456 	mask |= ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(GZIP_4) | ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(GZIP_5);
8457 	mask |= ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(GZIP_6) | ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(GZIP_7);
8458 	mask |= ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(GZIP_8) | ZIO_COMPRESS_MASK(GZIP_9);
8459 	for (int c = 0; c < ZIO_COMPRESS_FUNCTIONS; c++)
8460 		if (((1ULL << c) & mask) == 0)
8461 			*cfuncp++ = c;
8462 
8463 	/*
8464 	 * On the one hand, with SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE at 16MB, this
8465 	 * could take a while and we should let the user know
8466 	 * we are not stuck.  On the other hand, printing progress
8467 	 * info gets old after a while.  User can specify 'v' flag
8468 	 * to see the progression.
8469 	 */
8470 	if (lsize == psize)
8471 		lsize += SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE;
8472 	else
8473 		maxlsize = lsize;
8474 
8475 	for (; lsize <= maxlsize; lsize += SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE) {
8476 		for (cfuncp = cfuncs; *cfuncp; cfuncp++) {
8477 			if (try_decompress_block(pabd, lsize, psize, flags,
8478 			    *cfuncp, lbuf, lbuf2)) {
8479 				found = B_TRUE;
8480 				break;
8481 			}
8482 		}
8483 		if (*cfuncp != 0)
8484 			break;
8485 	}
8486 	if (!found && tryzle) {
8487 		for (lsize = orig_lsize; lsize <= maxlsize;
8488 		    lsize += SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE) {
8489 			if (try_decompress_block(pabd, lsize, psize, flags,
8490 			    ZIO_COMPRESS_ZLE, lbuf, lbuf2)) {
8491 				*cfuncp = ZIO_COMPRESS_ZLE;
8492 				found = B_TRUE;
8493 				break;
8494 			}
8495 		}
8496 	}
8497 	umem_free(lbuf2, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
8498 
8499 	if (*cfuncp == ZIO_COMPRESS_ZLE) {
8500 		printf("\nZLE decompression was selected. If you "
8501 		    "suspect the results are wrong,\ntry avoiding ZLE "
8502 		    "by setting and exporting ZDB_NO_ZLE=\"true\"\n");
8503 	}
8504 
8505 	return (lsize > maxlsize ? -1 : lsize);
8506 }
8507 
8508 /*
8509  * Read a block from a pool and print it out.  The syntax of the
8510  * block descriptor is:
8511  *
8512  *	pool:vdev_specifier:offset:[lsize/]psize[:flags]
8513  *
8514  *	pool           - The name of the pool you wish to read from
8515  *	vdev_specifier - Which vdev (see comment for zdb_vdev_lookup)
8516  *	offset         - offset, in hex, in bytes
8517  *	size           - Amount of data to read, in hex, in bytes
8518  *	flags          - A string of characters specifying options
8519  *		 b: Decode a blkptr at given offset within block
8520  *		 c: Calculate and display checksums
8521  *		 d: Decompress data before dumping
8522  *		 e: Byteswap data before dumping
8523  *		 g: Display data as a gang block header
8524  *		 i: Display as an indirect block
8525  *		 r: Dump raw data to stdout
8526  *		 v: Verbose
8527  *
8528  */
8529 static void
8530 zdb_read_block(char *thing, spa_t *spa)
8531 {
8532 	blkptr_t blk, *bp = &blk;
8533 	dva_t *dva = bp->blk_dva;
8534 	int flags = 0;
8535 	uint64_t offset = 0, psize = 0, lsize = 0, blkptr_offset = 0;
8536 	zio_t *zio;
8537 	vdev_t *vd;
8538 	abd_t *pabd;
8539 	void *lbuf, *buf;
8540 	char *s, *p, *dup, *flagstr, *sizes, *tmp = NULL;
8541 	const char *vdev, *errmsg = NULL;
8542 	int i, error;
8543 	boolean_t borrowed = B_FALSE, found = B_FALSE;
8544 
8545 	dup = strdup(thing);
8546 	s = strtok_r(dup, ":", &tmp);
8547 	vdev = s ?: "";
8548 	s = strtok_r(NULL, ":", &tmp);
8549 	offset = strtoull(s ? s : "", NULL, 16);
8550 	sizes = strtok_r(NULL, ":", &tmp);
8551 	s = strtok_r(NULL, ":", &tmp);
8552 	flagstr = strdup(s ?: "");
8553 
8554 	if (!zdb_parse_block_sizes(sizes, &lsize, &psize))
8555 		errmsg = "invalid size(s)";
8556 	if (!IS_P2ALIGNED(psize, DEV_BSIZE) || !IS_P2ALIGNED(lsize, DEV_BSIZE))
8557 		errmsg = "size must be a multiple of sector size";
8558 	if (!IS_P2ALIGNED(offset, DEV_BSIZE))
8559 		errmsg = "offset must be a multiple of sector size";
8560 	if (errmsg) {
8561 		(void) printf("Invalid block specifier: %s  - %s\n",
8562 		    thing, errmsg);
8563 		goto done;
8564 	}
8565 
8566 	tmp = NULL;
8567 	for (s = strtok_r(flagstr, ":", &tmp);
8568 	    s != NULL;
8569 	    s = strtok_r(NULL, ":", &tmp)) {
8570 		for (i = 0; i < strlen(flagstr); i++) {
8571 			int bit = flagbits[(uchar_t)flagstr[i]];
8572 
8573 			if (bit == 0) {
8574 				(void) printf("***Ignoring flag: %c\n",
8575 				    (uchar_t)flagstr[i]);
8576 				continue;
8577 			}
8578 			found = B_TRUE;
8579 			flags |= bit;
8580 
8581 			p = &flagstr[i + 1];
8582 			if (*p != ':' && *p != '\0') {
8583 				int j = 0, nextbit = flagbits[(uchar_t)*p];
8584 				char *end, offstr[8] = { 0 };
8585 				if ((bit == ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR) &&
8586 				    (nextbit == 0)) {
8587 					/* look ahead to isolate the offset */
8588 					while (nextbit == 0 &&
8589 					    strchr(flagbitstr, *p) == NULL) {
8590 						offstr[j] = *p;
8591 						j++;
8592 						if (i + j > strlen(flagstr))
8593 							break;
8594 						p++;
8595 						nextbit = flagbits[(uchar_t)*p];
8596 					}
8597 					blkptr_offset = strtoull(offstr, &end,
8598 					    16);
8599 					i += j;
8600 				} else if (nextbit == 0) {
8601 					(void) printf("***Ignoring flag arg:"
8602 					    " '%c'\n", (uchar_t)*p);
8603 				}
8604 			}
8605 		}
8606 	}
8607 	if (blkptr_offset % sizeof (blkptr_t)) {
8608 		printf("Block pointer offset 0x%llx "
8609 		    "must be divisible by 0x%x\n",
8610 		    (longlong_t)blkptr_offset, (int)sizeof (blkptr_t));
8611 		goto done;
8612 	}
8613 	if (found == B_FALSE && strlen(flagstr) > 0) {
8614 		printf("Invalid flag arg: '%s'\n", flagstr);
8615 		goto done;
8616 	}
8617 
8618 	vd = zdb_vdev_lookup(spa->spa_root_vdev, vdev);
8619 	if (vd == NULL) {
8620 		(void) printf("***Invalid vdev: %s\n", vdev);
8621 		goto done;
8622 	} else {
8623 		if (vd->vdev_path)
8624 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "Found vdev: %s\n",
8625 			    vd->vdev_path);
8626 		else
8627 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "Found vdev type: %s\n",
8628 			    vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_type);
8629 	}
8630 
8631 	pabd = abd_alloc_for_io(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, B_FALSE);
8632 	lbuf = umem_alloc(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, UMEM_NOFAIL);
8633 
8634 	BP_ZERO(bp);
8635 
8636 	DVA_SET_VDEV(&dva[0], vd->vdev_id);
8637 	DVA_SET_OFFSET(&dva[0], offset);
8638 	DVA_SET_GANG(&dva[0], !!(flags & ZDB_FLAG_GBH));
8639 	DVA_SET_ASIZE(&dva[0], vdev_psize_to_asize(vd, psize));
8640 
8641 	BP_SET_BIRTH(bp, TXG_INITIAL, TXG_INITIAL);
8642 
8643 	BP_SET_LSIZE(bp, lsize);
8644 	BP_SET_PSIZE(bp, psize);
8645 	BP_SET_COMPRESS(bp, ZIO_COMPRESS_OFF);
8646 	BP_SET_CHECKSUM(bp, ZIO_CHECKSUM_OFF);
8647 	BP_SET_TYPE(bp, DMU_OT_NONE);
8648 	BP_SET_LEVEL(bp, 0);
8649 	BP_SET_DEDUP(bp, 0);
8650 	BP_SET_BYTEORDER(bp, ZFS_HOST_BYTEORDER);
8651 
8652 	spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG, RW_READER);
8653 	zio = zio_root(spa, NULL, NULL, 0);
8654 
8655 	if (vd == vd->vdev_top) {
8656 		/*
8657 		 * Treat this as a normal block read.
8658 		 */
8659 		zio_nowait(zio_read(zio, spa, bp, pabd, psize, NULL, NULL,
8660 		    ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_READ,
8661 		    ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_RAW, NULL));
8662 	} else {
8663 		/*
8664 		 * Treat this as a vdev child I/O.
8665 		 */
8666 		zio_nowait(zio_vdev_child_io(zio, bp, vd, offset, pabd,
8667 		    psize, ZIO_TYPE_READ, ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_READ,
8668 		    ZIO_FLAG_DONT_PROPAGATE | ZIO_FLAG_DONT_RETRY |
8669 		    ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_RAW | ZIO_FLAG_OPTIONAL,
8670 		    NULL, NULL));
8671 	}
8672 
8673 	error = zio_wait(zio);
8674 	spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG);
8675 
8676 	if (error) {
8677 		(void) printf("Read of %s failed, error: %d\n", thing, error);
8678 		goto out;
8679 	}
8680 
8681 	uint64_t orig_lsize = lsize;
8682 	buf = lbuf;
8683 	if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_DECOMPRESS) {
8684 		lsize = zdb_decompress_block(pabd, buf, lbuf,
8685 		    lsize, psize, flags);
8686 		if (lsize == -1) {
8687 			(void) printf("Decompress of %s failed\n", thing);
8688 			goto out;
8689 		}
8690 	} else {
8691 		buf = abd_borrow_buf_copy(pabd, lsize);
8692 		borrowed = B_TRUE;
8693 	}
8694 	/*
8695 	 * Try to detect invalid block pointer.  If invalid, try
8696 	 * decompressing.
8697 	 */
8698 	if ((flags & ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR || flags & ZDB_FLAG_INDIRECT) &&
8699 	    !(flags & ZDB_FLAG_DECOMPRESS)) {
8700 		const blkptr_t *b = (const blkptr_t *)(void *)
8701 		    ((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)blkptr_offset);
8702 		if (zfs_blkptr_verify(spa, b,
8703 		    BLK_CONFIG_NEEDED, BLK_VERIFY_ONLY) == B_FALSE) {
8704 			abd_return_buf_copy(pabd, buf, lsize);
8705 			borrowed = B_FALSE;
8706 			buf = lbuf;
8707 			lsize = zdb_decompress_block(pabd, buf,
8708 			    lbuf, lsize, psize, flags);
8709 			b = (const blkptr_t *)(void *)
8710 			    ((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)blkptr_offset);
8711 			if (lsize == -1 || zfs_blkptr_verify(spa, b,
8712 			    BLK_CONFIG_NEEDED, BLK_VERIFY_LOG) == B_FALSE) {
8713 				printf("invalid block pointer at this DVA\n");
8714 				goto out;
8715 			}
8716 		}
8717 	}
8718 
8719 	if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR)
8720 		zdb_print_blkptr((blkptr_t *)(void *)
8721 		    ((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)blkptr_offset), flags);
8722 	else if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_RAW)
8723 		zdb_dump_block_raw(buf, lsize, flags);
8724 	else if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_INDIRECT)
8725 		zdb_dump_indirect((blkptr_t *)buf,
8726 		    orig_lsize / sizeof (blkptr_t), flags);
8727 	else if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_GBH)
8728 		zdb_dump_gbh(buf, flags);
8729 	else
8730 		zdb_dump_block(thing, buf, lsize, flags);
8731 
8732 	/*
8733 	 * If :c was specified, iterate through the checksum table to
8734 	 * calculate and display each checksum for our specified
8735 	 * DVA and length.
8736 	 */
8737 	if ((flags & ZDB_FLAG_CHECKSUM) && !(flags & ZDB_FLAG_RAW) &&
8738 	    !(flags & ZDB_FLAG_GBH)) {
8739 		zio_t *czio;
8740 		(void) printf("\n");
8741 		for (enum zio_checksum ck = ZIO_CHECKSUM_LABEL;
8742 		    ck < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS; ck++) {
8743 
8744 			if ((zio_checksum_table[ck].ci_flags &
8745 			    ZCHECKSUM_FLAG_EMBEDDED) ||
8746 			    ck == ZIO_CHECKSUM_NOPARITY) {
8747 				continue;
8748 			}
8749 			BP_SET_CHECKSUM(bp, ck);
8750 			spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG, RW_READER);
8751 			czio = zio_root(spa, NULL, NULL, ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL);
8752 			if (vd == vd->vdev_top) {
8753 				zio_nowait(zio_read(czio, spa, bp, pabd, psize,
8754 				    NULL, NULL,
8755 				    ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_READ,
8756 				    ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_RAW |
8757 				    ZIO_FLAG_DONT_RETRY, NULL));
8758 			} else {
8759 				zio_nowait(zio_vdev_child_io(czio, bp, vd,
8760 				    offset, pabd, psize, ZIO_TYPE_READ,
8761 				    ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_READ,
8762 				    ZIO_FLAG_DONT_PROPAGATE |
8763 				    ZIO_FLAG_DONT_RETRY |
8764 				    ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_RAW |
8765 				    ZIO_FLAG_SPECULATIVE |
8766 				    ZIO_FLAG_OPTIONAL, NULL, NULL));
8767 			}
8768 			error = zio_wait(czio);
8769 			if (error == 0 || error == ECKSUM) {
8770 				zio_t *ck_zio = zio_null(NULL, spa, NULL,
8771 				    NULL, NULL, 0);
8772 				ck_zio->io_offset =
8773 				    DVA_GET_OFFSET(&bp->blk_dva[0]);
8774 				ck_zio->io_bp = bp;
8775 				zio_checksum_compute(ck_zio, ck, pabd, lsize);
8776 				printf(
8777 				    "%12s\t"
8778 				    "cksum=%016llx:%016llx:%016llx:%016llx\n",
8779 				    zio_checksum_table[ck].ci_name,
8780 				    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_cksum.zc_word[0],
8781 				    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_cksum.zc_word[1],
8782 				    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_cksum.zc_word[2],
8783 				    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_cksum.zc_word[3]);
8784 				zio_wait(ck_zio);
8785 			} else {
8786 				printf("error %d reading block\n", error);
8787 			}
8788 			spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG);
8789 		}
8790 	}
8791 
8792 	if (borrowed)
8793 		abd_return_buf_copy(pabd, buf, lsize);
8794 
8795 out:
8796 	abd_free(pabd);
8797 	umem_free(lbuf, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
8798 done:
8799 	free(flagstr);
8800 	free(dup);
8801 }
8802 
8803 static void
8804 zdb_embedded_block(char *thing)
8805 {
8806 	blkptr_t bp = {{{{0}}}};
8807 	unsigned long long *words = (void *)&bp;
8808 	char *buf;
8809 	int err;
8810 
8811 	err = sscanf(thing, "%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx:"
8812 	    "%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx:%llx",
8813 	    words + 0, words + 1, words + 2, words + 3,
8814 	    words + 4, words + 5, words + 6, words + 7,
8815 	    words + 8, words + 9, words + 10, words + 11,
8816 	    words + 12, words + 13, words + 14, words + 15);
8817 	if (err != 16) {
8818 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "invalid input format\n");
8819 		exit(1);
8820 	}
8821 	ASSERT3U(BPE_GET_LSIZE(&bp), <=, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
8822 	buf = malloc(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
8823 	if (buf == NULL) {
8824 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "out of memory\n");
8825 		exit(1);
8826 	}
8827 	err = decode_embedded_bp(&bp, buf, BPE_GET_LSIZE(&bp));
8828 	if (err != 0) {
8829 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "decode failed: %u\n", err);
8830 		exit(1);
8831 	}
8832 	zdb_dump_block_raw(buf, BPE_GET_LSIZE(&bp), 0);
8833 	free(buf);
8834 }
8835 
8836 /* check for valid hex or decimal numeric string */
8837 static boolean_t
8838 zdb_numeric(char *str)
8839 {
8840 	int i = 0;
8841 
8842 	if (strlen(str) == 0)
8843 		return (B_FALSE);
8844 	if (strncmp(str, "0x", 2) == 0 || strncmp(str, "0X", 2) == 0)
8845 		i = 2;
8846 	for (; i < strlen(str); i++) {
8847 		if (!isxdigit(str[i]))
8848 			return (B_FALSE);
8849 	}
8850 	return (B_TRUE);
8851 }
8852 
8853 int
8854 main(int argc, char **argv)
8855 {
8856 	int c;
8857 	spa_t *spa = NULL;
8858 	objset_t *os = NULL;
8859 	int dump_all = 1;
8860 	int verbose = 0;
8861 	int error = 0;
8862 	char **searchdirs = NULL;
8863 	int nsearch = 0;
8864 	char *target, *target_pool, dsname[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
8865 	nvlist_t *policy = NULL;
8866 	uint64_t max_txg = UINT64_MAX;
8867 	int64_t objset_id = -1;
8868 	uint64_t object;
8869 	int flags = ZFS_IMPORT_MISSING_LOG;
8870 	int rewind = ZPOOL_NEVER_REWIND;
8871 	char *spa_config_path_env, *objset_str;
8872 	boolean_t target_is_spa = B_TRUE, dataset_lookup = B_FALSE;
8873 	nvlist_t *cfg = NULL;
8874 
8875 	dprintf_setup(&argc, argv);
8876 
8877 	/*
8878 	 * If there is an environment variable SPA_CONFIG_PATH it overrides
8879 	 * default spa_config_path setting. If -U flag is specified it will
8880 	 * override this environment variable settings once again.
8881 	 */
8882 	spa_config_path_env = getenv("SPA_CONFIG_PATH");
8883 	if (spa_config_path_env != NULL)
8884 		spa_config_path = spa_config_path_env;
8885 
8886 	/*
8887 	 * For performance reasons, we set this tunable down. We do so before
8888 	 * the arg parsing section so that the user can override this value if
8889 	 * they choose.
8890 	 */
8891 	zfs_btree_verify_intensity = 3;
8892 
8893 	struct option long_options[] = {
8894 		{"ignore-assertions",	no_argument,		NULL, 'A'},
8895 		{"block-stats",		no_argument,		NULL, 'b'},
8896 		{"backup",		no_argument,		NULL, 'B'},
8897 		{"checksum",		no_argument,		NULL, 'c'},
8898 		{"config",		no_argument,		NULL, 'C'},
8899 		{"datasets",		no_argument,		NULL, 'd'},
8900 		{"dedup-stats",		no_argument,		NULL, 'D'},
8901 		{"exported",		no_argument,		NULL, 'e'},
8902 		{"embedded-block-pointer",	no_argument,	NULL, 'E'},
8903 		{"automatic-rewind",	no_argument,		NULL, 'F'},
8904 		{"dump-debug-msg",	no_argument,		NULL, 'G'},
8905 		{"history",		no_argument,		NULL, 'h'},
8906 		{"intent-logs",		no_argument,		NULL, 'i'},
8907 		{"inflight",		required_argument,	NULL, 'I'},
8908 		{"checkpointed-state",	no_argument,		NULL, 'k'},
8909 		{"key",			required_argument,	NULL, 'K'},
8910 		{"label",		no_argument,		NULL, 'l'},
8911 		{"disable-leak-tracking",	no_argument,	NULL, 'L'},
8912 		{"metaslabs",		no_argument,		NULL, 'm'},
8913 		{"metaslab-groups",	no_argument,		NULL, 'M'},
8914 		{"numeric",		no_argument,		NULL, 'N'},
8915 		{"option",		required_argument,	NULL, 'o'},
8916 		{"object-lookups",	no_argument,		NULL, 'O'},
8917 		{"path",		required_argument,	NULL, 'p'},
8918 		{"parseable",		no_argument,		NULL, 'P'},
8919 		{"skip-label",		no_argument,		NULL, 'q'},
8920 		{"copy-object",		no_argument,		NULL, 'r'},
8921 		{"read-block",		no_argument,		NULL, 'R'},
8922 		{"io-stats",		no_argument,		NULL, 's'},
8923 		{"simulate-dedup",	no_argument,		NULL, 'S'},
8924 		{"txg",			required_argument,	NULL, 't'},
8925 		{"brt-stats",		no_argument,		NULL, 'T'},
8926 		{"uberblock",		no_argument,		NULL, 'u'},
8927 		{"cachefile",		required_argument,	NULL, 'U'},
8928 		{"verbose",		no_argument,		NULL, 'v'},
8929 		{"verbatim",		no_argument,		NULL, 'V'},
8930 		{"dump-blocks",		required_argument,	NULL, 'x'},
8931 		{"extreme-rewind",	no_argument,		NULL, 'X'},
8932 		{"all-reconstruction",	no_argument,		NULL, 'Y'},
8933 		{"livelist",		no_argument,		NULL, 'y'},
8934 		{"zstd-headers",	no_argument,		NULL, 'Z'},
8935 		{0, 0, 0, 0}
8936 	};
8937 
8938 	while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv,
8939 	    "AbBcCdDeEFGhiI:kK:lLmMNo:Op:PqrRsSt:TuU:vVx:XYyZ",
8940 	    long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
8941 		switch (c) {
8942 		case 'b':
8943 		case 'B':
8944 		case 'c':
8945 		case 'C':
8946 		case 'd':
8947 		case 'D':
8948 		case 'E':
8949 		case 'G':
8950 		case 'h':
8951 		case 'i':
8952 		case 'l':
8953 		case 'm':
8954 		case 'M':
8955 		case 'N':
8956 		case 'O':
8957 		case 'r':
8958 		case 'R':
8959 		case 's':
8960 		case 'S':
8961 		case 'T':
8962 		case 'u':
8963 		case 'y':
8964 		case 'Z':
8965 			dump_opt[c]++;
8966 			dump_all = 0;
8967 			break;
8968 		case 'A':
8969 		case 'e':
8970 		case 'F':
8971 		case 'k':
8972 		case 'L':
8973 		case 'P':
8974 		case 'q':
8975 		case 'X':
8976 			dump_opt[c]++;
8977 			break;
8978 		case 'Y':
8979 			zfs_reconstruct_indirect_combinations_max = INT_MAX;
8980 			zfs_deadman_enabled = 0;
8981 			break;
8982 		/* NB: Sort single match options below. */
8983 		case 'I':
8984 			max_inflight_bytes = strtoull(optarg, NULL, 0);
8985 			if (max_inflight_bytes == 0) {
8986 				(void) fprintf(stderr, "maximum number "
8987 				    "of inflight bytes must be greater "
8988 				    "than 0\n");
8989 				usage();
8990 			}
8991 			break;
8992 		case 'K':
8993 			dump_opt[c]++;
8994 			key_material = strdup(optarg);
8995 			/* redact key material in process table */
8996 			while (*optarg != '\0') { *optarg++ = '*'; }
8997 			break;
8998 		case 'o':
8999 			error = set_global_var(optarg);
9000 			if (error != 0)
9001 				usage();
9002 			break;
9003 		case 'p':
9004 			if (searchdirs == NULL) {
9005 				searchdirs = umem_alloc(sizeof (char *),
9006 				    UMEM_NOFAIL);
9007 			} else {
9008 				char **tmp = umem_alloc((nsearch + 1) *
9009 				    sizeof (char *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
9010 				memcpy(tmp, searchdirs, nsearch *
9011 				    sizeof (char *));
9012 				umem_free(searchdirs,
9013 				    nsearch * sizeof (char *));
9014 				searchdirs = tmp;
9015 			}
9016 			searchdirs[nsearch++] = optarg;
9017 			break;
9018 		case 't':
9019 			max_txg = strtoull(optarg, NULL, 0);
9020 			if (max_txg < TXG_INITIAL) {
9021 				(void) fprintf(stderr, "incorrect txg "
9022 				    "specified: %s\n", optarg);
9023 				usage();
9024 			}
9025 			break;
9026 		case 'U':
9027 			spa_config_path = optarg;
9028 			if (spa_config_path[0] != '/') {
9029 				(void) fprintf(stderr,
9030 				    "cachefile must be an absolute path "
9031 				    "(i.e. start with a slash)\n");
9032 				usage();
9033 			}
9034 			break;
9035 		case 'v':
9036 			verbose++;
9037 			break;
9038 		case 'V':
9039 			flags = ZFS_IMPORT_VERBATIM;
9040 			break;
9041 		case 'x':
9042 			vn_dumpdir = optarg;
9043 			break;
9044 		default:
9045 			usage();
9046 			break;
9047 		}
9048 	}
9049 
9050 	if (!dump_opt['e'] && searchdirs != NULL) {
9051 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "-p option requires use of -e\n");
9052 		usage();
9053 	}
9054 #if defined(_LP64)
9055 	/*
9056 	 * ZDB does not typically re-read blocks; therefore limit the ARC
9057 	 * to 256 MB, which can be used entirely for metadata.
9058 	 */
9059 	zfs_arc_min = 2ULL << SPA_MAXBLOCKSHIFT;
9060 	zfs_arc_max = 256 * 1024 * 1024;
9061 #endif
9062 
9063 	/*
9064 	 * "zdb -c" uses checksum-verifying scrub i/os which are async reads.
9065 	 * "zdb -b" uses traversal prefetch which uses async reads.
9066 	 * For good performance, let several of them be active at once.
9067 	 */
9068 	zfs_vdev_async_read_max_active = 10;
9069 
9070 	/*
9071 	 * Disable reference tracking for better performance.
9072 	 */
9073 	reference_tracking_enable = B_FALSE;
9074 
9075 	/*
9076 	 * Do not fail spa_load when spa_load_verify fails. This is needed
9077 	 * to load non-idle pools.
9078 	 */
9079 	spa_load_verify_dryrun = B_TRUE;
9080 
9081 	/*
9082 	 * ZDB should have ability to read spacemaps.
9083 	 */
9084 	spa_mode_readable_spacemaps = B_TRUE;
9085 
9086 	kernel_init(SPA_MODE_READ);
9087 
9088 	if (dump_all)
9089 		verbose = MAX(verbose, 1);
9090 
9091 	for (c = 0; c < 256; c++) {
9092 		if (dump_all && strchr("ABeEFkKlLNOPrRSXy", c) == NULL)
9093 			dump_opt[c] = 1;
9094 		if (dump_opt[c])
9095 			dump_opt[c] += verbose;
9096 	}
9097 
9098 	libspl_set_assert_ok((dump_opt['A'] == 1) || (dump_opt['A'] > 2));
9099 	zfs_recover = (dump_opt['A'] > 1);
9100 
9101 	argc -= optind;
9102 	argv += optind;
9103 	if (argc < 2 && dump_opt['R'])
9104 		usage();
9105 
9106 	if (dump_opt['E']) {
9107 		if (argc != 1)
9108 			usage();
9109 		zdb_embedded_block(argv[0]);
9110 		return (0);
9111 	}
9112 
9113 	if (argc < 1) {
9114 		if (!dump_opt['e'] && dump_opt['C']) {
9115 			dump_cachefile(spa_config_path);
9116 			return (0);
9117 		}
9118 		usage();
9119 	}
9120 
9121 	if (dump_opt['l'])
9122 		return (dump_label(argv[0]));
9123 
9124 	if (dump_opt['X'] || dump_opt['F'])
9125 		rewind = ZPOOL_DO_REWIND |
9126 		    (dump_opt['X'] ? ZPOOL_EXTREME_REWIND : 0);
9127 
9128 	/* -N implies -d */
9129 	if (dump_opt['N'] && dump_opt['d'] == 0)
9130 		dump_opt['d'] = dump_opt['N'];
9131 
9132 	if (nvlist_alloc(&policy, NV_UNIQUE_NAME_TYPE, 0) != 0 ||
9133 	    nvlist_add_uint64(policy, ZPOOL_LOAD_REQUEST_TXG, max_txg) != 0 ||
9134 	    nvlist_add_uint32(policy, ZPOOL_LOAD_REWIND_POLICY, rewind) != 0)
9135 		fatal("internal error: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
9136 
9137 	error = 0;
9138 	target = argv[0];
9139 
9140 	if (strpbrk(target, "/@") != NULL) {
9141 		size_t targetlen;
9142 
9143 		target_pool = strdup(target);
9144 		*strpbrk(target_pool, "/@") = '\0';
9145 
9146 		target_is_spa = B_FALSE;
9147 		targetlen = strlen(target);
9148 		if (targetlen && target[targetlen - 1] == '/')
9149 			target[targetlen - 1] = '\0';
9150 
9151 		/*
9152 		 * See if an objset ID was supplied (-d <pool>/<objset ID>).
9153 		 * To disambiguate tank/100, consider the 100 as objsetID
9154 		 * if -N was given, otherwise 100 is an objsetID iff
9155 		 * tank/100 as a named dataset fails on lookup.
9156 		 */
9157 		objset_str = strchr(target, '/');
9158 		if (objset_str && strlen(objset_str) > 1 &&
9159 		    zdb_numeric(objset_str + 1)) {
9160 			char *endptr;
9161 			errno = 0;
9162 			objset_str++;
9163 			objset_id = strtoull(objset_str, &endptr, 0);
9164 			/* dataset 0 is the same as opening the pool */
9165 			if (errno == 0 && endptr != objset_str &&
9166 			    objset_id != 0) {
9167 				if (dump_opt['N'])
9168 					dataset_lookup = B_TRUE;
9169 			}
9170 			/* normal dataset name not an objset ID */
9171 			if (endptr == objset_str) {
9172 				objset_id = -1;
9173 			}
9174 		} else if (objset_str && !zdb_numeric(objset_str + 1) &&
9175 		    dump_opt['N']) {
9176 			printf("Supply a numeric objset ID with -N\n");
9177 			exit(1);
9178 		}
9179 	} else {
9180 		target_pool = target;
9181 	}
9182 
9183 	if (dump_opt['e']) {
9184 		importargs_t args = { 0 };
9185 
9186 		args.paths = nsearch;
9187 		args.path = searchdirs;
9188 		args.can_be_active = B_TRUE;
9189 
9190 		libpc_handle_t lpch = {
9191 			.lpc_lib_handle = NULL,
9192 			.lpc_ops = &libzpool_config_ops,
9193 			.lpc_printerr = B_TRUE
9194 		};
9195 		error = zpool_find_config(&lpch, target_pool, &cfg, &args);
9196 
9197 		if (error == 0) {
9198 
9199 			if (nvlist_add_nvlist(cfg,
9200 			    ZPOOL_LOAD_POLICY, policy) != 0) {
9201 				fatal("can't open '%s': %s",
9202 				    target, strerror(ENOMEM));
9203 			}
9204 
9205 			if (dump_opt['C'] > 1) {
9206 				(void) printf("\nConfiguration for import:\n");
9207 				dump_nvlist(cfg, 8);
9208 			}
9209 
9210 			/*
9211 			 * Disable the activity check to allow examination of
9212 			 * active pools.
9213 			 */
9214 			error = spa_import(target_pool, cfg, NULL,
9215 			    flags | ZFS_IMPORT_SKIP_MMP);
9216 		}
9217 	}
9218 
9219 	if (searchdirs != NULL) {
9220 		umem_free(searchdirs, nsearch * sizeof (char *));
9221 		searchdirs = NULL;
9222 	}
9223 
9224 	/*
9225 	 * We need to make sure to process -O option or call
9226 	 * dump_path after the -e option has been processed,
9227 	 * which imports the pool to the namespace if it's
9228 	 * not in the cachefile.
9229 	 */
9230 	if (dump_opt['O']) {
9231 		if (argc != 2)
9232 			usage();
9233 		dump_opt['v'] = verbose + 3;
9234 		return (dump_path(argv[0], argv[1], NULL));
9235 	}
9236 
9237 	if (dump_opt['r']) {
9238 		target_is_spa = B_FALSE;
9239 		if (argc != 3)
9240 			usage();
9241 		dump_opt['v'] = verbose;
9242 		error = dump_path(argv[0], argv[1], &object);
9243 		if (error != 0)
9244 			fatal("internal error: %s", strerror(error));
9245 	}
9246 
9247 	/*
9248 	 * import_checkpointed_state makes the assumption that the
9249 	 * target pool that we pass it is already part of the spa
9250 	 * namespace. Because of that we need to make sure to call
9251 	 * it always after the -e option has been processed, which
9252 	 * imports the pool to the namespace if it's not in the
9253 	 * cachefile.
9254 	 */
9255 	char *checkpoint_pool = NULL;
9256 	char *checkpoint_target = NULL;
9257 	if (dump_opt['k']) {
9258 		checkpoint_pool = import_checkpointed_state(target, cfg,
9259 		    &checkpoint_target);
9260 
9261 		if (checkpoint_target != NULL)
9262 			target = checkpoint_target;
9263 	}
9264 
9265 	if (cfg != NULL) {
9266 		nvlist_free(cfg);
9267 		cfg = NULL;
9268 	}
9269 
9270 	if (target_pool != target)
9271 		free(target_pool);
9272 
9273 	if (error == 0) {
9274 		if (dump_opt['k'] && (target_is_spa || dump_opt['R'])) {
9275 			ASSERT(checkpoint_pool != NULL);
9276 			ASSERT(checkpoint_target == NULL);
9277 
9278 			error = spa_open(checkpoint_pool, &spa, FTAG);
9279 			if (error != 0) {
9280 				fatal("Tried to open pool \"%s\" but "
9281 				    "spa_open() failed with error %d\n",
9282 				    checkpoint_pool, error);
9283 			}
9284 
9285 		} else if (target_is_spa || dump_opt['R'] || dump_opt['B'] ||
9286 		    objset_id == 0) {
9287 			zdb_set_skip_mmp(target);
9288 			error = spa_open_rewind(target, &spa, FTAG, policy,
9289 			    NULL);
9290 			if (error) {
9291 				/*
9292 				 * If we're missing the log device then
9293 				 * try opening the pool after clearing the
9294 				 * log state.
9295 				 */
9296 				mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
9297 				if ((spa = spa_lookup(target)) != NULL &&
9298 				    spa->spa_log_state == SPA_LOG_MISSING) {
9299 					spa->spa_log_state = SPA_LOG_CLEAR;
9300 					error = 0;
9301 				}
9302 				mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
9303 
9304 				if (!error) {
9305 					error = spa_open_rewind(target, &spa,
9306 					    FTAG, policy, NULL);
9307 				}
9308 			}
9309 		} else if (strpbrk(target, "#") != NULL) {
9310 			dsl_pool_t *dp;
9311 			error = dsl_pool_hold(target, FTAG, &dp);
9312 			if (error != 0) {
9313 				fatal("can't dump '%s': %s", target,
9314 				    strerror(error));
9315 			}
9316 			error = dump_bookmark(dp, target, B_TRUE, verbose > 1);
9317 			dsl_pool_rele(dp, FTAG);
9318 			if (error != 0) {
9319 				fatal("can't dump '%s': %s", target,
9320 				    strerror(error));
9321 			}
9322 			return (error);
9323 		} else {
9324 			target_pool = strdup(target);
9325 			if (strpbrk(target, "/@") != NULL)
9326 				*strpbrk(target_pool, "/@") = '\0';
9327 
9328 			zdb_set_skip_mmp(target);
9329 			/*
9330 			 * If -N was supplied, the user has indicated that
9331 			 * zdb -d <pool>/<objsetID> is in effect.  Otherwise
9332 			 * we first assume that the dataset string is the
9333 			 * dataset name.  If dmu_objset_hold fails with the
9334 			 * dataset string, and we have an objset_id, retry the
9335 			 * lookup with the objsetID.
9336 			 */
9337 			boolean_t retry = B_TRUE;
9338 retry_lookup:
9339 			if (dataset_lookup == B_TRUE) {
9340 				/*
9341 				 * Use the supplied id to get the name
9342 				 * for open_objset.
9343 				 */
9344 				error = spa_open(target_pool, &spa, FTAG);
9345 				if (error == 0) {
9346 					error = name_from_objset_id(spa,
9347 					    objset_id, dsname);
9348 					spa_close(spa, FTAG);
9349 					if (error == 0)
9350 						target = dsname;
9351 				}
9352 			}
9353 			if (error == 0) {
9354 				if (objset_id > 0 && retry) {
9355 					int err = dmu_objset_hold(target, FTAG,
9356 					    &os);
9357 					if (err) {
9358 						dataset_lookup = B_TRUE;
9359 						retry = B_FALSE;
9360 						goto retry_lookup;
9361 					} else {
9362 						dmu_objset_rele(os, FTAG);
9363 					}
9364 				}
9365 				error = open_objset(target, FTAG, &os);
9366 			}
9367 			if (error == 0)
9368 				spa = dmu_objset_spa(os);
9369 			free(target_pool);
9370 		}
9371 	}
9372 	nvlist_free(policy);
9373 
9374 	if (error)
9375 		fatal("can't open '%s': %s", target, strerror(error));
9376 
9377 	/*
9378 	 * Set the pool failure mode to panic in order to prevent the pool
9379 	 * from suspending.  A suspended I/O will have no way to resume and
9380 	 * can prevent the zdb(8) command from terminating as expected.
9381 	 */
9382 	if (spa != NULL)
9383 		spa->spa_failmode = ZIO_FAILURE_MODE_PANIC;
9384 
9385 	argv++;
9386 	argc--;
9387 	if (dump_opt['r']) {
9388 		error = zdb_copy_object(os, object, argv[1]);
9389 	} else if (!dump_opt['R']) {
9390 		flagbits['d'] = ZOR_FLAG_DIRECTORY;
9391 		flagbits['f'] = ZOR_FLAG_PLAIN_FILE;
9392 		flagbits['m'] = ZOR_FLAG_SPACE_MAP;
9393 		flagbits['z'] = ZOR_FLAG_ZAP;
9394 		flagbits['A'] = ZOR_FLAG_ALL_TYPES;
9395 
9396 		if (argc > 0 && dump_opt['d']) {
9397 			zopt_object_args = argc;
9398 			zopt_object_ranges = calloc(zopt_object_args,
9399 			    sizeof (zopt_object_range_t));
9400 			for (unsigned i = 0; i < zopt_object_args; i++) {
9401 				int err;
9402 				const char *msg = NULL;
9403 
9404 				err = parse_object_range(argv[i],
9405 				    &zopt_object_ranges[i], &msg);
9406 				if (err != 0)
9407 					fatal("Bad object or range: '%s': %s\n",
9408 					    argv[i], msg ?: "");
9409 			}
9410 		} else if (argc > 0 && dump_opt['m']) {
9411 			zopt_metaslab_args = argc;
9412 			zopt_metaslab = calloc(zopt_metaslab_args,
9413 			    sizeof (uint64_t));
9414 			for (unsigned i = 0; i < zopt_metaslab_args; i++) {
9415 				errno = 0;
9416 				zopt_metaslab[i] = strtoull(argv[i], NULL, 0);
9417 				if (zopt_metaslab[i] == 0 && errno != 0)
9418 					fatal("bad number %s: %s", argv[i],
9419 					    strerror(errno));
9420 			}
9421 		}
9422 		if (dump_opt['B']) {
9423 			dump_backup(target, objset_id,
9424 			    argc > 0 ? argv[0] : NULL);
9425 		} else if (os != NULL) {
9426 			dump_objset(os);
9427 		} else if (zopt_object_args > 0 && !dump_opt['m']) {
9428 			dump_objset(spa->spa_meta_objset);
9429 		} else {
9430 			dump_zpool(spa);
9431 		}
9432 	} else {
9433 		flagbits['b'] = ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR;
9434 		flagbits['c'] = ZDB_FLAG_CHECKSUM;
9435 		flagbits['d'] = ZDB_FLAG_DECOMPRESS;
9436 		flagbits['e'] = ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP;
9437 		flagbits['g'] = ZDB_FLAG_GBH;
9438 		flagbits['i'] = ZDB_FLAG_INDIRECT;
9439 		flagbits['r'] = ZDB_FLAG_RAW;
9440 		flagbits['v'] = ZDB_FLAG_VERBOSE;
9441 
9442 		for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++)
9443 			zdb_read_block(argv[i], spa);
9444 	}
9445 
9446 	if (dump_opt['k']) {
9447 		free(checkpoint_pool);
9448 		if (!target_is_spa)
9449 			free(checkpoint_target);
9450 	}
9451 
9452 	if (os != NULL) {
9453 		close_objset(os, FTAG);
9454 	} else {
9455 		spa_close(spa, FTAG);
9456 	}
9457 
9458 	fuid_table_destroy();
9459 
9460 	dump_debug_buffer();
9461 
9462 	kernel_fini();
9463 
9464 	return (error);
9465 }
9466