xref: /freebsd/sys/contrib/device-tree/Bindings/i2c/i2c.txt (revision 924226fba12cc9a228c73b956e1b7fa24c60b055)
1Generic device tree bindings for I2C busses
2===========================================
3
4This document describes generic bindings which can be used to describe I2C
5busses and their child devices in a device tree.
6
7Required properties (per bus)
8-----------------------------
9
10- #address-cells  - should be <1>. Read more about addresses below.
11- #size-cells     - should be <0>.
12- compatible      - name of I2C bus controller
13
14For other required properties e.g. to describe register sets,
15clocks, etc. check the binding documentation of the specific driver.
16
17The cells properties above define that an address of children of an I2C bus
18are described by a single value.
19
20Optional properties (per bus)
21-----------------------------
22
23These properties may not be supported by all drivers. However, if a driver
24wants to support one of the below features, it should adapt these bindings.
25
26- clock-frequency
27	frequency of bus clock in Hz.
28
29- i2c-bus
30	For I2C adapters that have child nodes that are a mixture of both I2C
31	devices and non-I2C devices, the 'i2c-bus' subnode can be used for
32	populating I2C devices. If the 'i2c-bus' subnode is present, only
33	subnodes of this will be considered as I2C slaves. The properties,
34	'#address-cells' and '#size-cells' must be defined under this subnode
35	if present.
36
37- i2c-scl-falling-time-ns
38	Number of nanoseconds the SCL signal takes to fall; t(f) in the I2C
39	specification.
40
41- i2c-scl-internal-delay-ns
42	Number of nanoseconds the IP core additionally needs to setup SCL.
43
44- i2c-scl-rising-time-ns
45	Number of nanoseconds the SCL signal takes to rise; t(r) in the I2C
46	specification.
47
48- i2c-sda-falling-time-ns
49	Number of nanoseconds the SDA signal takes to fall; t(f) in the I2C
50	specification.
51
52- i2c-analog-filter
53	Enable analog filter for i2c lines.
54
55- i2c-digital-filter
56	Enable digital filter for i2c lines.
57
58- i2c-digital-filter-width-ns
59	Width of spikes which can be filtered by digital filter
60	(i2c-digital-filter). This width is specified in nanoseconds.
61
62- i2c-analog-filter-cutoff-frequency
63	Frequency that the analog filter (i2c-analog-filter) uses to distinguish
64	which signal to filter. Signal with higher frequency than specified will
65	be filtered out. Only lower frequency will pass (this is applicable to
66	a low-pass analog filter). Typical value should be above the normal
67	i2c bus clock frequency (clock-frequency).
68	Specified in Hz.
69
70- multi-master
71	states that there is another master active on this bus. The OS can use
72	this information to adapt power management to keep the arbitration awake
73	all the time, for example. Can not be combined with 'single-master'.
74
75- pinctrl
76	add extra pinctrl to configure SCL/SDA pins to GPIO function for bus
77	recovery, call it "gpio" or "recovery" (deprecated) state
78
79- scl-gpios
80	specify the gpio related to SCL pin. Used for GPIO bus recovery.
81
82- sda-gpios
83	specify the gpio related to SDA pin. Optional for GPIO bus recovery.
84
85- single-master
86	states that there is no other master active on this bus. The OS can use
87	this information to detect a stalled bus more reliably, for example.
88	Can not be combined with 'multi-master'.
89
90- smbus
91	states that additional SMBus restrictions and features apply to this bus.
92	Examples of features are SMBusHostNotify and SMBusAlert. Examples of
93	restrictions are more reserved addresses and timeout definitions.
94
95Required properties (per child device)
96--------------------------------------
97
98- compatible
99	name of I2C slave device
100
101- reg
102	One or many I2C slave addresses. These are usually a 7 bit addresses.
103	However, flags can be attached to an address. I2C_TEN_BIT_ADDRESS is
104	used to mark a 10 bit address. It is needed to avoid the ambiguity
105	between e.g. a 7 bit address of 0x50 and a 10 bit address of 0x050
106	which, in theory, can be on the same bus.
107	Another flag is I2C_OWN_SLAVE_ADDRESS to mark addresses on which we
108	listen to be devices ourselves.
109
110Optional properties (per child device)
111--------------------------------------
112
113These properties may not be supported by all drivers. However, if a driver
114wants to support one of the below features, it should adapt these bindings.
115
116- host-notify
117	device uses SMBus host notify protocol instead of interrupt line.
118
119- interrupts
120	interrupts used by the device.
121
122- interrupt-names
123	"irq", "wakeup" and "smbus_alert" names are recognized by I2C core,
124	other names are	left to individual drivers.
125
126- reg-names
127	Names of map programmable addresses.
128	It can contain any map needing another address than default one.
129
130- wakeup-source
131	device can be used as a wakeup source.
132
133Binding may contain optional "interrupts" property, describing interrupts
134used by the device. I2C core will assign "irq" interrupt (or the very first
135interrupt if not using interrupt names) as primary interrupt for the slave.
136
137Alternatively, devices supporting SMBus Host Notify, and connected to
138adapters that support this feature, may use "host-notify" property. I2C
139core will create a virtual interrupt for Host Notify and assign it as
140primary interrupt for the slave.
141
142Also, if device is marked as a wakeup source, I2C core will set up "wakeup"
143interrupt for the device. If "wakeup" interrupt name is not present in the
144binding, then primary interrupt will be used as wakeup interrupt.
145