xref: /freebsd/sys/compat/linux/linux_elf.c (revision 1d386b48a555f61cb7325543adbbb5c3f3407a66)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2021 Edward Tomasz Napierala <trasz@FreeBSD.org>
5  * Copyright (c) 2018 Chuck Tuffli
6  * Copyright (c) 2017 Dell EMC
7  * Copyright (c) 2000 David O'Brien
8  * Copyright (c) 1995-1996 Søren Schmidt
9  * Copyright (c) 1996 Peter Wemm
10  * All rights reserved.
11  *
12  * This software was developed by the University of Cambridge Computer
13  * Laboratory as part of the CHERI for Hypervisors and Operating Systems
14  * (CHaOS) project, funded by EPSRC grant EP/V000292/1.
15  *
16  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
17  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
18  * are met:
19  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
20  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
21  *    in this position and unchanged.
22  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
23  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
24  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
25  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
26  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission
27  *
28  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
30  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
31  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
32  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
33  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
34  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
35  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
36  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
37  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/exec.h>
43 #include <sys/imgact.h>
44 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
45 #include <sys/lock.h>
46 #include <sys/malloc.h>
47 #include <sys/mutex.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/procfs.h>
50 #include <sys/reg.h>
51 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
52 #include <sys/sysent.h>
53 
54 #include <vm/vm.h>
55 #include <vm/pmap.h>
56 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
57 
58 #include <machine/elf.h>
59 
60 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
61 #define linux_pt_regset linux_pt_regset32
62 #define bsd_to_linux_regset bsd_to_linux_regset32
63 #include <machine/../linux32/linux.h>
64 #else
65 #include <machine/../linux/linux.h>
66 #endif
67 #include <compat/linux/linux_elf.h>
68 #include <compat/linux/linux_mib.h>
69 #include <compat/linux/linux_misc.h>
70 
71 struct l_elf_siginfo {
72 	l_int		si_signo;
73 	l_int		si_code;
74 	l_int		si_errno;
75 };
76 
77 typedef struct linux_pt_regset l_elf_gregset_t;
78 
79 struct linux_elf_prstatus {
80 	struct l_elf_siginfo pr_info;
81 	l_short		pr_cursig;
82 	l_ulong		pr_sigpend;
83 	l_ulong		pr_sighold;
84 	l_pid_t		pr_pid;
85 	l_pid_t		pr_ppid;
86 	l_pid_t		pr_pgrp;
87 	l_pid_t		pr_sid;
88 	l_timeval	pr_utime;
89 	l_timeval	pr_stime;
90 	l_timeval	pr_cutime;
91 	l_timeval	pr_cstime;
92 	l_elf_gregset_t	pr_reg;
93 	l_int		pr_fpvalid;
94 };
95 
96 #define	LINUX_NT_AUXV	6
97 
98 static void __linuxN(note_fpregset)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
99 static void __linuxN(note_prpsinfo)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
100 static void __linuxN(note_prstatus)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
101 static void __linuxN(note_threadmd)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
102 static void __linuxN(note_nt_auxv)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
103 
104 void
105 __linuxN(prepare_notes)(struct thread *td, struct note_info_list *list,
106     size_t *sizep)
107 {
108 	struct proc *p;
109 	struct thread *thr;
110 	size_t size;
111 
112 	p = td->td_proc;
113 	size = 0;
114 
115 	/*
116 	 * To have the debugger select the right thread (LWP) as the initial
117 	 * thread, we dump the state of the thread passed to us in td first.
118 	 * This is the thread that causes the core dump and thus likely to
119 	 * be the right thread one wants to have selected in the debugger.
120 	 */
121 	thr = td;
122 	while (thr != NULL) {
123 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
124 		    NT_PRSTATUS, __linuxN(note_prstatus), thr);
125 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
126 		    NT_PRPSINFO, __linuxN(note_prpsinfo), p);
127 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
128 		    LINUX_NT_AUXV, __linuxN(note_nt_auxv), p);
129 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
130 		    NT_FPREGSET, __linuxN(note_fpregset), thr);
131 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
132 		    -1, __linuxN(note_threadmd), thr);
133 
134 		thr = thr == td ? TAILQ_FIRST(&p->p_threads) :
135 		    TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
136 		if (thr == td)
137 			thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
138 	}
139 
140 	*sizep = size;
141 }
142 
143 typedef struct linux_elf_prstatus linux_elf_prstatus_t;
144 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
145 typedef struct prpsinfo32 linux_elf_prpsinfo_t;
146 typedef struct fpreg32 linux_elf_prfpregset_t;
147 #else
148 typedef prpsinfo_t linux_elf_prpsinfo_t;
149 typedef prfpregset_t linux_elf_prfpregset_t;
150 #endif
151 
152 static void
153 __linuxN(note_prpsinfo)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
154 {
155 	struct sbuf sbarg;
156 	size_t len;
157 	char *cp, *end;
158 	struct proc *p;
159 	linux_elf_prpsinfo_t *psinfo;
160 	int error;
161 
162 	p = arg;
163 	if (sb != NULL) {
164 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(*psinfo), ("invalid size"));
165 		psinfo = malloc(sizeof(*psinfo), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
166 		psinfo->pr_version = PRPSINFO_VERSION;
167 		psinfo->pr_psinfosz = sizeof(linux_elf_prpsinfo_t);
168 		strlcpy(psinfo->pr_fname, p->p_comm, sizeof(psinfo->pr_fname));
169 		PROC_LOCK(p);
170 		if (p->p_args != NULL) {
171 			len = sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs) - 1;
172 			if (len > p->p_args->ar_length)
173 				len = p->p_args->ar_length;
174 			memcpy(psinfo->pr_psargs, p->p_args->ar_args, len);
175 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
176 			error = 0;
177 		} else {
178 			_PHOLD(p);
179 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
180 			sbuf_new(&sbarg, psinfo->pr_psargs,
181 			    sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs), SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
182 			error = proc_getargv(curthread, p, &sbarg);
183 			PRELE(p);
184 			if (sbuf_finish(&sbarg) == 0) {
185 				len = sbuf_len(&sbarg) - 1;
186 				if (len > 0)
187 					len--;
188 			} else {
189 				len = sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs) - 1;
190 			}
191 			sbuf_delete(&sbarg);
192 		}
193 		if (error != 0 || len == 0 || (ssize_t)len == -1)
194 			strlcpy(psinfo->pr_psargs, p->p_comm,
195 			    sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs));
196 		else {
197 			KASSERT(len < sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs),
198 			    ("len is too long: %zu vs %zu", len,
199 			    sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs)));
200 			cp = psinfo->pr_psargs;
201 			end = cp + len - 1;
202 			for (;;) {
203 				cp = memchr(cp, '\0', end - cp);
204 				if (cp == NULL)
205 					break;
206 				*cp = ' ';
207 			}
208 		}
209 		psinfo->pr_pid = p->p_pid;
210 		sbuf_bcat(sb, psinfo, sizeof(*psinfo));
211 		free(psinfo, M_TEMP);
212 	}
213 	*sizep = sizeof(*psinfo);
214 }
215 
216 static void
217 __linuxN(note_prstatus)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
218 {
219 	struct thread *td;
220 	linux_elf_prstatus_t *status;
221 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
222 	struct reg32 pr_reg;
223 #else
224 	struct reg pr_reg;
225 #endif
226 
227 	td = arg;
228 	if (sb != NULL) {
229 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(*status), ("invalid size"));
230 		status = malloc(sizeof(*status), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
231 
232 		/*
233 		 * XXX: Some fields missing.
234 		 */
235 		status->pr_cursig = td->td_proc->p_sig;
236 		status->pr_pid = td->td_tid;
237 
238 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
239 		fill_regs32(td, &pr_reg);
240 #else
241 		fill_regs(td, &pr_reg);
242 #endif
243 		bsd_to_linux_regset(&pr_reg, &status->pr_reg);
244 		sbuf_bcat(sb, status, sizeof(*status));
245 		free(status, M_TEMP);
246 	}
247 	*sizep = sizeof(*status);
248 }
249 
250 static void
251 __linuxN(note_fpregset)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
252 {
253 	struct thread *td;
254 	linux_elf_prfpregset_t *fpregset;
255 
256 	td = arg;
257 	if (sb != NULL) {
258 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(*fpregset), ("invalid size"));
259 		fpregset = malloc(sizeof(*fpregset), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
260 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
261 		fill_fpregs32(td, fpregset);
262 #else
263 		fill_fpregs(td, fpregset);
264 #endif
265 		sbuf_bcat(sb, fpregset, sizeof(*fpregset));
266 		free(fpregset, M_TEMP);
267 	}
268 	*sizep = sizeof(*fpregset);
269 }
270 
271 /*
272  * Allow for MD specific notes, as well as any MD
273  * specific preparations for writing MI notes.
274  */
275 static void
276 __linuxN(note_threadmd)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
277 {
278 	struct thread *td;
279 	void *buf;
280 	size_t size;
281 
282 	td = arg;
283 	size = *sizep;
284 	if (size != 0 && sb != NULL)
285 		buf = malloc(size, M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
286 	else
287 		buf = NULL;
288 	size = 0;
289 	__elfN(dump_thread)(td, buf, &size);
290 	KASSERT(sb == NULL || *sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
291 	if (size != 0 && sb != NULL)
292 		sbuf_bcat(sb, buf, size);
293 	free(buf, M_TEMP);
294 	*sizep = size;
295 }
296 
297 static void
298 __linuxN(note_nt_auxv)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
299 {
300 	struct proc *p;
301 	size_t size;
302 
303 	p = arg;
304 	if (sb == NULL) {
305 		size = 0;
306 		sb = sbuf_new(NULL, NULL, LINUX_AT_COUNT * sizeof(Elf_Auxinfo),
307 		    SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
308 		sbuf_set_drain(sb, sbuf_count_drain, &size);
309 		PHOLD(p);
310 		proc_getauxv(curthread, p, sb);
311 		PRELE(p);
312 		sbuf_finish(sb);
313 		sbuf_delete(sb);
314 		*sizep = size;
315 	} else {
316 		PHOLD(p);
317 		proc_getauxv(curthread, p, sb);
318 		PRELE(p);
319 	}
320 }
321 
322 /*
323  * Copy strings out to the new process address space, constructing new arg
324  * and env vector tables. Return a pointer to the base so that it can be used
325  * as the initial stack pointer.
326  */
327 int
328 __linuxN(copyout_strings)(struct image_params *imgp, uintptr_t *stack_base)
329 {
330 	char canary[LINUX_AT_RANDOM_LEN];
331 	char **vectp;
332 	char *stringp;
333 	uintptr_t destp, ustringp;
334 	struct ps_strings *arginfo;
335 	struct proc *p;
336 	size_t execpath_len;
337 	int argc, envc;
338 	int error;
339 
340 	p = imgp->proc;
341 	destp =	PROC_PS_STRINGS(p);
342 	arginfo = imgp->ps_strings = (void *)destp;
343 
344 	/*
345 	 * Copy the image path for the rtld.
346 	 */
347 	if (imgp->execpath != NULL && imgp->auxargs != NULL) {
348 		execpath_len = strlen(imgp->execpath) + 1;
349 		destp -= execpath_len;
350 		destp = rounddown2(destp, sizeof(void *));
351 		imgp->execpathp = (void *)destp;
352 		error = copyout(imgp->execpath, imgp->execpathp, execpath_len);
353 		if (error != 0)
354 			return (error);
355 	}
356 
357 	/*
358 	 * Prepare the canary for SSP.
359 	 */
360 	arc4rand(canary, sizeof(canary), 0);
361 	destp -= sizeof(canary);
362 	imgp->canary = (void *)destp;
363 	error = copyout(canary, imgp->canary, sizeof(canary));
364 	if (error != 0)
365 		return (error);
366 	imgp->canarylen = sizeof(canary);
367 
368 	/*
369 	 * Allocate room for the argument and environment strings.
370 	 */
371 	destp -= ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace;
372 	destp = rounddown2(destp, sizeof(void *));
373 	ustringp = destp;
374 
375 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
376 		/*
377 		 * Allocate room on the stack for the ELF auxargs
378 		 * array.  It has up to LINUX_AT_COUNT entries.
379 		 */
380 		destp -= LINUX_AT_COUNT * sizeof(Elf_Auxinfo);
381 		destp = rounddown2(destp, sizeof(void *));
382 	}
383 
384 	vectp = (char **)destp;
385 
386 	/*
387 	 * Allocate room for the argv[] and env vectors including the
388 	 * terminating NULL pointers.
389 	 */
390 	vectp -= imgp->args->argc + 1 + imgp->args->envc + 1;
391 
392 	/*
393 	 * Starting with 2.24, glibc depends on a 16-byte stack alignment.
394 	 */
395 	vectp = (char **)((((uintptr_t)vectp + 8) & ~0xF) - 8);
396 
397 	/*
398 	 * vectp also becomes our initial stack base
399 	 */
400 	*stack_base = (uintptr_t)vectp;
401 
402 	stringp = imgp->args->begin_argv;
403 	argc = imgp->args->argc;
404 	envc = imgp->args->envc;
405 
406 	/*
407 	 * Copy out strings - arguments and environment.
408 	 */
409 	error = copyout(stringp, (void *)ustringp,
410 	    ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace);
411 	if (error != 0)
412 		return (error);
413 
414 	/*
415 	 * Fill in "ps_strings" struct for ps, w, etc.
416 	 */
417 	imgp->argv = vectp;
418 	if (suword(&arginfo->ps_argvstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp) != 0 ||
419 	    suword32(&arginfo->ps_nargvstr, argc) != 0)
420 		return (EFAULT);
421 
422 	/*
423 	 * Fill in argument portion of vector table.
424 	 */
425 	for (; argc > 0; --argc) {
426 		if (suword(vectp++, ustringp) != 0)
427 			return (EFAULT);
428 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
429 			ustringp++;
430 		ustringp++;
431 	}
432 
433 	/* a null vector table pointer separates the argp's from the envp's */
434 	if (suword(vectp++, 0) != 0)
435 		return (EFAULT);
436 
437 	imgp->envv = vectp;
438 	if (suword(&arginfo->ps_envstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp) != 0 ||
439 	    suword32(&arginfo->ps_nenvstr, envc) != 0)
440 		return (EFAULT);
441 
442 	/*
443 	 * Fill in environment portion of vector table.
444 	 */
445 	for (; envc > 0; --envc) {
446 		if (suword(vectp++, ustringp) != 0)
447 			return (EFAULT);
448 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
449 			ustringp++;
450 		ustringp++;
451 	}
452 
453 	/* end of vector table is a null pointer */
454 	if (suword(vectp, 0) != 0)
455 		return (EFAULT);
456 
457 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
458 		vectp++;
459 		error = imgp->sysent->sv_copyout_auxargs(imgp,
460 		    (uintptr_t)vectp);
461 		if (error != 0)
462 			return (error);
463 	}
464 
465 	return (0);
466 }
467 
468 bool
469 linux_trans_osrel(const Elf_Note *note, int32_t *osrel)
470 {
471 	const Elf32_Word *desc;
472 	uintptr_t p;
473 
474 	p = (uintptr_t)(note + 1);
475 	p += roundup2(note->n_namesz, sizeof(Elf32_Addr));
476 
477 	desc = (const Elf32_Word *)p;
478 	if (desc[0] != GNU_ABI_LINUX)
479 		return (false);
480 	/*
481 	 * For Linux we encode osrel using the Linux convention of
482 	 * 	(version << 16) | (major << 8) | (minor)
483 	 * See macro in linux_mib.h
484 	 */
485 	*osrel = LINUX_KERNVER(desc[1], desc[2], desc[3]);
486 
487 	return (true);
488 }
489 
490 int
491 __linuxN(copyout_auxargs)(struct image_params *imgp, uintptr_t base)
492 {
493 	struct thread *td = curthread;
494 	Elf_Auxargs *args;
495 	Elf_Auxinfo *aarray, *pos;
496 	struct proc *p;
497 	int error, issetugid;
498 
499 	p = imgp->proc;
500 	issetugid = p->p_flag & P_SUGID ? 1 : 0;
501 	args = imgp->auxargs;
502 	aarray = pos = malloc(LINUX_AT_COUNT * sizeof(*pos), M_TEMP,
503 	    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
504 
505 	__linuxN(arch_copyout_auxargs)(imgp, &pos);
506 	/*
507 	 * Do not export AT_CLKTCK when emulating Linux kernel prior to 2.4.0,
508 	 * as it has appeared in the 2.4.0-rc7 first time.
509 	 * Being exported, AT_CLKTCK is returned by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK),
510 	 * glibc falls back to the hard-coded CLK_TCK value when aux entry
511 	 * is not present.
512 	 * Also see linux_times() implementation.
513 	 */
514 	if (linux_kernver(td) >= LINUX_KERNVER(2,4,0))
515 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, LINUX_AT_CLKTCK, stclohz);
516 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PAGESZ, args->pagesz);
517 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PHDR, args->phdr);
518 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PHENT, args->phent);
519 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PHNUM, args->phnum);
520 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_BASE, args->base);
521 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_FLAGS, args->flags);
522 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_ENTRY, args->entry);
523 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_UID, imgp->proc->p_ucred->cr_ruid);
524 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_EUID, imgp->proc->p_ucred->cr_svuid);
525 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_GID, imgp->proc->p_ucred->cr_rgid);
526 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_EGID, imgp->proc->p_ucred->cr_svgid);
527 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, LINUX_AT_SECURE, issetugid);
528 	if (linux_kernver(td) >= LINUX_KERNVER(2,6,30))
529 		AUXARGS_ENTRY_PTR(pos, LINUX_AT_RANDOM, imgp->canary);
530 	if (linux_kernver(td) >= LINUX_KERNVER(2,6,26) && imgp->execpathp != 0)
531 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, LINUX_AT_EXECFN, PTROUT(imgp->execpathp));
532 	if (args->execfd != -1)
533 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_EXECFD, args->execfd);
534 	if (linux_kernver(td) >= LINUX_KERNVER(5,13,0))
535 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, LINUX_AT_MINSIGSTKSZ,
536 		    imgp->sysent->sv_minsigstksz);
537 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_NULL, 0);
538 
539 	free(imgp->auxargs, M_TEMP);
540 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
541 	KASSERT(pos - aarray <= LINUX_AT_COUNT, ("Too many auxargs"));
542 
543 	error = copyout(aarray, PTRIN(base), sizeof(*aarray) * LINUX_AT_COUNT);
544 	free(aarray, M_TEMP);
545 	return (error);
546 }
547