xref: /freebsd/sys/amd64/vmm/intel/vmcs.c (revision b0d29bc47dba79f6f38e67eabadfb4b32ffd9390)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2011 NetApp, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NETAPP, INC ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL NETAPP, INC OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  * $FreeBSD$
29  */
30 
31 #include "opt_ddb.h"
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
38 #include <sys/systm.h>
39 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
40 
41 #include <vm/vm.h>
42 #include <vm/pmap.h>
43 
44 #include <machine/segments.h>
45 #include <machine/vmm.h>
46 #include "vmm_host.h"
47 #include "vmx_cpufunc.h"
48 #include "vmcs.h"
49 #include "ept.h"
50 #include "vmx.h"
51 
52 #ifdef DDB
53 #include <ddb/ddb.h>
54 #endif
55 
56 SYSCTL_DECL(_hw_vmm_vmx);
57 
58 static int no_flush_rsb;
59 SYSCTL_INT(_hw_vmm_vmx, OID_AUTO, no_flush_rsb, CTLFLAG_RW,
60     &no_flush_rsb, 0, "Do not flush RSB upon vmexit");
61 
62 static uint64_t
63 vmcs_fix_regval(uint32_t encoding, uint64_t val)
64 {
65 
66 	switch (encoding) {
67 	case VMCS_GUEST_CR0:
68 		val = vmx_fix_cr0(val);
69 		break;
70 	case VMCS_GUEST_CR4:
71 		val = vmx_fix_cr4(val);
72 		break;
73 	default:
74 		break;
75 	}
76 	return (val);
77 }
78 
79 static uint32_t
80 vmcs_field_encoding(int ident)
81 {
82 	switch (ident) {
83 	case VM_REG_GUEST_CR0:
84 		return (VMCS_GUEST_CR0);
85 	case VM_REG_GUEST_CR3:
86 		return (VMCS_GUEST_CR3);
87 	case VM_REG_GUEST_CR4:
88 		return (VMCS_GUEST_CR4);
89 	case VM_REG_GUEST_DR7:
90 		return (VMCS_GUEST_DR7);
91 	case VM_REG_GUEST_RSP:
92 		return (VMCS_GUEST_RSP);
93 	case VM_REG_GUEST_RIP:
94 		return (VMCS_GUEST_RIP);
95 	case VM_REG_GUEST_RFLAGS:
96 		return (VMCS_GUEST_RFLAGS);
97 	case VM_REG_GUEST_ES:
98 		return (VMCS_GUEST_ES_SELECTOR);
99 	case VM_REG_GUEST_CS:
100 		return (VMCS_GUEST_CS_SELECTOR);
101 	case VM_REG_GUEST_SS:
102 		return (VMCS_GUEST_SS_SELECTOR);
103 	case VM_REG_GUEST_DS:
104 		return (VMCS_GUEST_DS_SELECTOR);
105 	case VM_REG_GUEST_FS:
106 		return (VMCS_GUEST_FS_SELECTOR);
107 	case VM_REG_GUEST_GS:
108 		return (VMCS_GUEST_GS_SELECTOR);
109 	case VM_REG_GUEST_TR:
110 		return (VMCS_GUEST_TR_SELECTOR);
111 	case VM_REG_GUEST_LDTR:
112 		return (VMCS_GUEST_LDTR_SELECTOR);
113 	case VM_REG_GUEST_EFER:
114 		return (VMCS_GUEST_IA32_EFER);
115 	case VM_REG_GUEST_PDPTE0:
116 		return (VMCS_GUEST_PDPTE0);
117 	case VM_REG_GUEST_PDPTE1:
118 		return (VMCS_GUEST_PDPTE1);
119 	case VM_REG_GUEST_PDPTE2:
120 		return (VMCS_GUEST_PDPTE2);
121 	case VM_REG_GUEST_PDPTE3:
122 		return (VMCS_GUEST_PDPTE3);
123 	case VM_REG_GUEST_ENTRY_INST_LENGTH:
124 		return (VMCS_ENTRY_INST_LENGTH);
125 	default:
126 		return (-1);
127 	}
128 
129 }
130 
131 static int
132 vmcs_seg_desc_encoding(int seg, uint32_t *base, uint32_t *lim, uint32_t *acc)
133 {
134 
135 	switch (seg) {
136 	case VM_REG_GUEST_ES:
137 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_ES_BASE;
138 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_ES_LIMIT;
139 		*acc = VMCS_GUEST_ES_ACCESS_RIGHTS;
140 		break;
141 	case VM_REG_GUEST_CS:
142 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_CS_BASE;
143 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_CS_LIMIT;
144 		*acc = VMCS_GUEST_CS_ACCESS_RIGHTS;
145 		break;
146 	case VM_REG_GUEST_SS:
147 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_SS_BASE;
148 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_SS_LIMIT;
149 		*acc = VMCS_GUEST_SS_ACCESS_RIGHTS;
150 		break;
151 	case VM_REG_GUEST_DS:
152 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_DS_BASE;
153 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_DS_LIMIT;
154 		*acc = VMCS_GUEST_DS_ACCESS_RIGHTS;
155 		break;
156 	case VM_REG_GUEST_FS:
157 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_FS_BASE;
158 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_FS_LIMIT;
159 		*acc = VMCS_GUEST_FS_ACCESS_RIGHTS;
160 		break;
161 	case VM_REG_GUEST_GS:
162 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_GS_BASE;
163 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_GS_LIMIT;
164 		*acc = VMCS_GUEST_GS_ACCESS_RIGHTS;
165 		break;
166 	case VM_REG_GUEST_TR:
167 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_TR_BASE;
168 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_TR_LIMIT;
169 		*acc = VMCS_GUEST_TR_ACCESS_RIGHTS;
170 		break;
171 	case VM_REG_GUEST_LDTR:
172 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_LDTR_BASE;
173 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_LDTR_LIMIT;
174 		*acc = VMCS_GUEST_LDTR_ACCESS_RIGHTS;
175 		break;
176 	case VM_REG_GUEST_IDTR:
177 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_IDTR_BASE;
178 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_IDTR_LIMIT;
179 		*acc = VMCS_INVALID_ENCODING;
180 		break;
181 	case VM_REG_GUEST_GDTR:
182 		*base = VMCS_GUEST_GDTR_BASE;
183 		*lim = VMCS_GUEST_GDTR_LIMIT;
184 		*acc = VMCS_INVALID_ENCODING;
185 		break;
186 	default:
187 		return (EINVAL);
188 	}
189 
190 	return (0);
191 }
192 
193 int
194 vmcs_getreg(struct vmcs *vmcs, int running, int ident, uint64_t *retval)
195 {
196 	int error;
197 	uint32_t encoding;
198 
199 	/*
200 	 * If we need to get at vmx-specific state in the VMCS we can bypass
201 	 * the translation of 'ident' to 'encoding' by simply setting the
202 	 * sign bit. As it so happens the upper 16 bits are reserved (i.e
203 	 * set to 0) in the encodings for the VMCS so we are free to use the
204 	 * sign bit.
205 	 */
206 	if (ident < 0)
207 		encoding = ident & 0x7fffffff;
208 	else
209 		encoding = vmcs_field_encoding(ident);
210 
211 	if (encoding == (uint32_t)-1)
212 		return (EINVAL);
213 
214 	if (!running)
215 		VMPTRLD(vmcs);
216 
217 	error = vmread(encoding, retval);
218 
219 	if (!running)
220 		VMCLEAR(vmcs);
221 
222 	return (error);
223 }
224 
225 int
226 vmcs_setreg(struct vmcs *vmcs, int running, int ident, uint64_t val)
227 {
228 	int error;
229 	uint32_t encoding;
230 
231 	if (ident < 0)
232 		encoding = ident & 0x7fffffff;
233 	else
234 		encoding = vmcs_field_encoding(ident);
235 
236 	if (encoding == (uint32_t)-1)
237 		return (EINVAL);
238 
239 	val = vmcs_fix_regval(encoding, val);
240 
241 	if (!running)
242 		VMPTRLD(vmcs);
243 
244 	error = vmwrite(encoding, val);
245 
246 	if (!running)
247 		VMCLEAR(vmcs);
248 
249 	return (error);
250 }
251 
252 int
253 vmcs_setdesc(struct vmcs *vmcs, int running, int seg, struct seg_desc *desc)
254 {
255 	int error;
256 	uint32_t base, limit, access;
257 
258 	error = vmcs_seg_desc_encoding(seg, &base, &limit, &access);
259 	if (error != 0)
260 		panic("vmcs_setdesc: invalid segment register %d", seg);
261 
262 	if (!running)
263 		VMPTRLD(vmcs);
264 	if ((error = vmwrite(base, desc->base)) != 0)
265 		goto done;
266 
267 	if ((error = vmwrite(limit, desc->limit)) != 0)
268 		goto done;
269 
270 	if (access != VMCS_INVALID_ENCODING) {
271 		if ((error = vmwrite(access, desc->access)) != 0)
272 			goto done;
273 	}
274 done:
275 	if (!running)
276 		VMCLEAR(vmcs);
277 	return (error);
278 }
279 
280 int
281 vmcs_getdesc(struct vmcs *vmcs, int running, int seg, struct seg_desc *desc)
282 {
283 	int error;
284 	uint32_t base, limit, access;
285 	uint64_t u64;
286 
287 	error = vmcs_seg_desc_encoding(seg, &base, &limit, &access);
288 	if (error != 0)
289 		panic("vmcs_getdesc: invalid segment register %d", seg);
290 
291 	if (!running)
292 		VMPTRLD(vmcs);
293 	if ((error = vmread(base, &u64)) != 0)
294 		goto done;
295 	desc->base = u64;
296 
297 	if ((error = vmread(limit, &u64)) != 0)
298 		goto done;
299 	desc->limit = u64;
300 
301 	if (access != VMCS_INVALID_ENCODING) {
302 		if ((error = vmread(access, &u64)) != 0)
303 			goto done;
304 		desc->access = u64;
305 	}
306 done:
307 	if (!running)
308 		VMCLEAR(vmcs);
309 	return (error);
310 }
311 
312 int
313 vmcs_set_msr_save(struct vmcs *vmcs, u_long g_area, u_int g_count)
314 {
315 	int error;
316 
317 	VMPTRLD(vmcs);
318 
319 	/*
320 	 * Guest MSRs are saved in the VM-exit MSR-store area.
321 	 * Guest MSRs are loaded from the VM-entry MSR-load area.
322 	 * Both areas point to the same location in memory.
323 	 */
324 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_STORE, g_area)) != 0)
325 		goto done;
326 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_STORE_COUNT, g_count)) != 0)
327 		goto done;
328 
329 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_ENTRY_MSR_LOAD, g_area)) != 0)
330 		goto done;
331 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_ENTRY_MSR_LOAD_COUNT, g_count)) != 0)
332 		goto done;
333 
334 	error = 0;
335 done:
336 	VMCLEAR(vmcs);
337 	return (error);
338 }
339 
340 int
341 vmcs_init(struct vmcs *vmcs)
342 {
343 	int error, codesel, datasel, tsssel;
344 	u_long cr0, cr4, efer;
345 	uint64_t pat, fsbase, idtrbase;
346 
347 	codesel = vmm_get_host_codesel();
348 	datasel = vmm_get_host_datasel();
349 	tsssel = vmm_get_host_tsssel();
350 
351 	/*
352 	 * Make sure we have a "current" VMCS to work with.
353 	 */
354 	VMPTRLD(vmcs);
355 
356 	/* Host state */
357 
358 	/* Initialize host IA32_PAT MSR */
359 	pat = vmm_get_host_pat();
360 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_IA32_PAT, pat)) != 0)
361 		goto done;
362 
363 	/* Load the IA32_EFER MSR */
364 	efer = vmm_get_host_efer();
365 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_IA32_EFER, efer)) != 0)
366 		goto done;
367 
368 	/* Load the control registers */
369 
370 	cr0 = vmm_get_host_cr0();
371 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_CR0, cr0)) != 0)
372 		goto done;
373 
374 	cr4 = vmm_get_host_cr4() | CR4_VMXE;
375 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_CR4, cr4)) != 0)
376 		goto done;
377 
378 	/* Load the segment selectors */
379 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_ES_SELECTOR, datasel)) != 0)
380 		goto done;
381 
382 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_CS_SELECTOR, codesel)) != 0)
383 		goto done;
384 
385 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_SS_SELECTOR, datasel)) != 0)
386 		goto done;
387 
388 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_DS_SELECTOR, datasel)) != 0)
389 		goto done;
390 
391 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_FS_SELECTOR, datasel)) != 0)
392 		goto done;
393 
394 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_GS_SELECTOR, datasel)) != 0)
395 		goto done;
396 
397 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_TR_SELECTOR, tsssel)) != 0)
398 		goto done;
399 
400 	/*
401 	 * Load the Base-Address for %fs and idtr.
402 	 *
403 	 * Note that we exclude %gs, tss and gdtr here because their base
404 	 * address is pcpu specific.
405 	 */
406 	fsbase = vmm_get_host_fsbase();
407 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_FS_BASE, fsbase)) != 0)
408 		goto done;
409 
410 	idtrbase = vmm_get_host_idtrbase();
411 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_IDTR_BASE, idtrbase)) != 0)
412 		goto done;
413 
414 	/* instruction pointer */
415 	if (no_flush_rsb) {
416 		if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_RIP,
417 		    (u_long)vmx_exit_guest)) != 0)
418 			goto done;
419 	} else {
420 		if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_HOST_RIP,
421 		    (u_long)vmx_exit_guest_flush_rsb)) != 0)
422 			goto done;
423 	}
424 
425 	/* link pointer */
426 	if ((error = vmwrite(VMCS_LINK_POINTER, ~0)) != 0)
427 		goto done;
428 done:
429 	VMCLEAR(vmcs);
430 	return (error);
431 }
432 
433 #ifdef DDB
434 extern int vmxon_enabled[];
435 
436 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(vmcs, db_show_vmcs)
437 {
438 	uint64_t cur_vmcs, val;
439 	uint32_t exit;
440 
441 	if (!vmxon_enabled[curcpu]) {
442 		db_printf("VMX not enabled\n");
443 		return;
444 	}
445 
446 	if (have_addr) {
447 		db_printf("Only current VMCS supported\n");
448 		return;
449 	}
450 
451 	vmptrst(&cur_vmcs);
452 	if (cur_vmcs == VMCS_INITIAL) {
453 		db_printf("No current VM context\n");
454 		return;
455 	}
456 	db_printf("VMCS: %jx\n", cur_vmcs);
457 	db_printf("VPID: %lu\n", vmcs_read(VMCS_VPID));
458 	db_printf("Activity: ");
459 	val = vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_ACTIVITY);
460 	switch (val) {
461 	case 0:
462 		db_printf("Active");
463 		break;
464 	case 1:
465 		db_printf("HLT");
466 		break;
467 	case 2:
468 		db_printf("Shutdown");
469 		break;
470 	case 3:
471 		db_printf("Wait for SIPI");
472 		break;
473 	default:
474 		db_printf("Unknown: %#lx", val);
475 	}
476 	db_printf("\n");
477 	exit = vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_REASON);
478 	if (exit & 0x80000000)
479 		db_printf("Entry Failure Reason: %u\n", exit & 0xffff);
480 	else
481 		db_printf("Exit Reason: %u\n", exit & 0xffff);
482 	db_printf("Qualification: %#lx\n", vmcs_exit_qualification());
483 	db_printf("Guest Linear Address: %#lx\n",
484 	    vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_LINEAR_ADDRESS));
485 	switch (exit & 0x8000ffff) {
486 	case EXIT_REASON_EXCEPTION:
487 	case EXIT_REASON_EXT_INTR:
488 		val = vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INTR_INFO);
489 		db_printf("Interrupt Type: ");
490 		switch (val >> 8 & 0x7) {
491 		case 0:
492 			db_printf("external");
493 			break;
494 		case 2:
495 			db_printf("NMI");
496 			break;
497 		case 3:
498 			db_printf("HW exception");
499 			break;
500 		case 4:
501 			db_printf("SW exception");
502 			break;
503 		default:
504 			db_printf("?? %lu", val >> 8 & 0x7);
505 			break;
506 		}
507 		db_printf("  Vector: %lu", val & 0xff);
508 		if (val & 0x800)
509 			db_printf("  Error Code: %lx",
510 			    vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INTR_ERRCODE));
511 		db_printf("\n");
512 		break;
513 	case EXIT_REASON_EPT_FAULT:
514 	case EXIT_REASON_EPT_MISCONFIG:
515 		db_printf("Guest Physical Address: %#lx\n",
516 		    vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS));
517 		break;
518 	}
519 	db_printf("VM-instruction error: %#lx\n", vmcs_instruction_error());
520 }
521 #endif
522