xref: /freebsd/sys/amd64/include/atomic.h (revision f0a75d274af375d15b97b830966b99a02b7db911)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 #ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
29 #define	_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
30 
31 #ifndef _SYS_CDEFS_H_
32 #error this file needs sys/cdefs.h as a prerequisite
33 #endif
34 
35 /*
36  * Various simple operations on memory, each of which is atomic in the
37  * presence of interrupts and multiple processors.
38  *
39  * atomic_set_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) |= (V))
40  * atomic_clear_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) &= ~(V))
41  * atomic_add_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) += (V))
42  * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) -= (V))
43  *
44  * atomic_set_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) |= (V))
45  * atomic_clear_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) &= ~(V))
46  * atomic_add_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) += (V))
47  * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) -= (V))
48  *
49  * atomic_set_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) |= (V))
50  * atomic_clear_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) &= ~(V))
51  * atomic_add_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) += (V))
52  * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) -= (V))
53  * atomic_readandclear_int(P)	(return (*(u_int *)(P)); *(u_int *)(P) = 0;)
54  *
55  * atomic_set_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) |= (V))
56  * atomic_clear_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) &= ~(V))
57  * atomic_add_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) += (V))
58  * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) -= (V))
59  * atomic_readandclear_long(P)	(return (*(u_long *)(P)); *(u_long *)(P) = 0;)
60  */
61 
62 /*
63  * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
64  * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
65  * built.
66  *
67  * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
68  * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
69  */
70 #if defined(KLD_MODULE) || !defined(__GNUCLIKE_ASM)
71 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)			\
72 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
73 
74 int	atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src);
75 int	atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src);
76 u_int	atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v);
77 
78 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)			\
79 u_##TYPE	atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p);	\
80 void		atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
81 
82 #else /* !KLD_MODULE && __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
83 
84 /*
85  * For userland, always use lock prefixes so that the binaries will run
86  * on both SMP and !SMP systems.
87  */
88 #if defined(SMP) || !defined(_KERNEL)
89 #define	MPLOCKED	"lock ; "
90 #else
91 #define	MPLOCKED
92 #endif
93 
94 /*
95  * The assembly is volatilized to demark potential before-and-after side
96  * effects if an interrupt or SMP collision were to occur.
97  */
98 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)		\
99 static __inline void					\
100 atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
101 {							\
102 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED OP			\
103 	: "=m" (*p)					\
104 	: CONS (V), "m" (*p));				\
105 }							\
106 struct __hack
107 
108 /*
109  * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
110  *
111  * if (*dst == exp) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
112  *
113  * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
114  */
115 
116 static __inline int
117 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
118 {
119 	u_char res;
120 
121 	__asm __volatile(
122 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
123 	"	cmpxchgl %2,%1 ;	"
124 	"       sete	%0 ;		"
125 	"1:				"
126 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
127 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */
128 	  "=m" (*dst)			/* 1 */
129 	: "r" (src),			/* 2 */
130 	  "a" (exp),			/* 3 */
131 	  "m" (*dst)			/* 4 */
132 	: "memory");
133 
134 	return (res);
135 }
136 
137 static __inline int
138 atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src)
139 {
140 	u_char res;
141 
142 	__asm __volatile(
143 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
144 	"	cmpxchgq %2,%1 ;	"
145 	"       sete	%0 ;		"
146 	"1:				"
147 	"# atomic_cmpset_long"
148 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */
149 	  "=m" (*dst)			/* 1 */
150 	: "r" (src),			/* 2 */
151 	  "a" (exp),			/* 3 */
152 	  "m" (*dst)			/* 4 */
153 	: "memory");
154 
155 	return (res);
156 }
157 
158 /*
159  * Atomically add the value of v to the integer pointed to by p and return
160  * the previous value of *p.
161  */
162 static __inline u_int
163 atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v)
164 {
165 
166 	__asm __volatile(
167 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
168 	"	xaddl	%0, %1 ;	"
169 	"# atomic_fetchadd_int"
170 	: "+r" (v),			/* 0 (result) */
171 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */
172 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */
173 
174 	return (v);
175 }
176 
177 #if defined(_KERNEL) && !defined(SMP)
178 
179 /*
180  * We assume that a = b will do atomic loads and stores.  However, on a
181  * PentiumPro or higher, reads may pass writes, so for that case we have
182  * to use a serializing instruction (i.e. with LOCK) to do the load in
183  * SMP kernels.  For UP kernels, however, the cache of the single processor
184  * is always consistent, so we don't need any memory barriers.
185  */
186 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
187 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
188 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
189 {							\
190 	return (*p);					\
191 }							\
192 							\
193 static __inline void					\
194 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
195 {							\
196 	*p = v;						\
197 }							\
198 struct __hack
199 
200 #else /* !(_KERNEL && !SMP) */
201 
202 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
203 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
204 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
205 {							\
206 	u_##TYPE res;					\
207 							\
208 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED LOP			\
209 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */		\
210 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */		\
211 	: "m" (*p)			/* 2 */		\
212 	: "memory");					\
213 							\
214 	return (res);					\
215 }							\
216 							\
217 /*							\
218  * The XCHG instruction asserts LOCK automagically.	\
219  */							\
220 static __inline void					\
221 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
222 {							\
223 	__asm __volatile(SOP				\
224 	: "=m" (*p),			/* 0 */		\
225 	  "+r" (v)			/* 1 */		\
226 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */		\
227 }							\
228 struct __hack
229 
230 #endif /* _KERNEL && !SMP */
231 
232 #endif /* KLD_MODULE || !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
233 
234 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     char,  "orb %b1,%0",  "iq",  v);
235 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b1,%0", "iq", ~v);
236 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     char,  "addb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
237 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
238 
239 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     short, "orw %w1,%0",  "ir",  v);
240 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w1,%0", "ir", ~v);
241 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     short, "addw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
242 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
243 
244 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     int,   "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
245 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
246 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     int,   "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
247 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
248 
249 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     long,  "orq %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
250 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andq %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
251 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     long,  "addq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
252 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
253 
254 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(char,	"cmpxchgb %b0,%1", "xchgb %b1,%0");
255 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(short,"cmpxchgw %w0,%1", "xchgw %w1,%0");
256 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(int,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0");
257 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(long,	"cmpxchgq %0,%1",  "xchgq %1,%0");
258 
259 #undef ATOMIC_ASM
260 #undef ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD
261 
262 #ifndef WANT_FUNCTIONS
263 
264 /* Read the current value and store a zero in the destination. */
265 #ifdef __GNUCLIKE_ASM
266 
267 static __inline u_int
268 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr)
269 {
270 	u_int res;
271 
272 	res = 0;
273 	__asm __volatile(
274 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
275 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
276 	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
277 	  "=m" (*addr)			/* 1 */
278 	: "m" (*addr));
279 
280 	return (res);
281 }
282 
283 static __inline u_long
284 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr)
285 {
286 	u_long res;
287 
288 	res = 0;
289 	__asm __volatile(
290 	"	xchgq	%1,%0 ;		"
291 	"# atomic_readandclear_long"
292 	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
293 	  "=m" (*addr)			/* 1 */
294 	: "m" (*addr));
295 
296 	return (res);
297 }
298 
299 #else /* !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
300 
301 u_int	atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr);
302 u_long	atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr);
303 
304 #endif /* __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
305 
306 /* Acquire and release variants are identical to the normal ones. */
307 #define	atomic_set_acq_char		atomic_set_char
308 #define	atomic_set_rel_char		atomic_set_char
309 #define	atomic_clear_acq_char		atomic_clear_char
310 #define	atomic_clear_rel_char		atomic_clear_char
311 #define	atomic_add_acq_char		atomic_add_char
312 #define	atomic_add_rel_char		atomic_add_char
313 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_char	atomic_subtract_char
314 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_char	atomic_subtract_char
315 
316 #define	atomic_set_acq_short		atomic_set_short
317 #define	atomic_set_rel_short		atomic_set_short
318 #define	atomic_clear_acq_short		atomic_clear_short
319 #define	atomic_clear_rel_short		atomic_clear_short
320 #define	atomic_add_acq_short		atomic_add_short
321 #define	atomic_add_rel_short		atomic_add_short
322 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_short	atomic_subtract_short
323 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_short	atomic_subtract_short
324 
325 #define	atomic_set_acq_int		atomic_set_int
326 #define	atomic_set_rel_int		atomic_set_int
327 #define	atomic_clear_acq_int		atomic_clear_int
328 #define	atomic_clear_rel_int		atomic_clear_int
329 #define	atomic_add_acq_int		atomic_add_int
330 #define	atomic_add_rel_int		atomic_add_int
331 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_int		atomic_subtract_int
332 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_int		atomic_subtract_int
333 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_int		atomic_cmpset_int
334 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_int		atomic_cmpset_int
335 
336 #define	atomic_set_acq_long		atomic_set_long
337 #define	atomic_set_rel_long		atomic_set_long
338 #define	atomic_clear_acq_long		atomic_clear_long
339 #define	atomic_clear_rel_long		atomic_clear_long
340 #define	atomic_add_acq_long		atomic_add_long
341 #define	atomic_add_rel_long		atomic_add_long
342 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_long	atomic_subtract_long
343 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_long	atomic_subtract_long
344 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_long		atomic_cmpset_long
345 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_long		atomic_cmpset_long
346 
347 /* Operations on 8-bit bytes. */
348 #define	atomic_set_8		atomic_set_char
349 #define	atomic_set_acq_8	atomic_set_acq_char
350 #define	atomic_set_rel_8	atomic_set_rel_char
351 #define	atomic_clear_8		atomic_clear_char
352 #define	atomic_clear_acq_8	atomic_clear_acq_char
353 #define	atomic_clear_rel_8	atomic_clear_rel_char
354 #define	atomic_add_8		atomic_add_char
355 #define	atomic_add_acq_8	atomic_add_acq_char
356 #define	atomic_add_rel_8	atomic_add_rel_char
357 #define	atomic_subtract_8	atomic_subtract_char
358 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_8	atomic_subtract_acq_char
359 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_8	atomic_subtract_rel_char
360 #define	atomic_load_acq_8	atomic_load_acq_char
361 #define	atomic_store_rel_8	atomic_store_rel_char
362 
363 /* Operations on 16-bit words. */
364 #define	atomic_set_16		atomic_set_short
365 #define	atomic_set_acq_16	atomic_set_acq_short
366 #define	atomic_set_rel_16	atomic_set_rel_short
367 #define	atomic_clear_16		atomic_clear_short
368 #define	atomic_clear_acq_16	atomic_clear_acq_short
369 #define	atomic_clear_rel_16	atomic_clear_rel_short
370 #define	atomic_add_16		atomic_add_short
371 #define	atomic_add_acq_16	atomic_add_acq_short
372 #define	atomic_add_rel_16	atomic_add_rel_short
373 #define	atomic_subtract_16	atomic_subtract_short
374 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_16	atomic_subtract_acq_short
375 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_16	atomic_subtract_rel_short
376 #define	atomic_load_acq_16	atomic_load_acq_short
377 #define	atomic_store_rel_16	atomic_store_rel_short
378 
379 /* Operations on 32-bit double words. */
380 #define	atomic_set_32		atomic_set_int
381 #define	atomic_set_acq_32	atomic_set_acq_int
382 #define	atomic_set_rel_32	atomic_set_rel_int
383 #define	atomic_clear_32		atomic_clear_int
384 #define	atomic_clear_acq_32	atomic_clear_acq_int
385 #define	atomic_clear_rel_32	atomic_clear_rel_int
386 #define	atomic_add_32		atomic_add_int
387 #define	atomic_add_acq_32	atomic_add_acq_int
388 #define	atomic_add_rel_32	atomic_add_rel_int
389 #define	atomic_subtract_32	atomic_subtract_int
390 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_32	atomic_subtract_acq_int
391 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_32	atomic_subtract_rel_int
392 #define	atomic_load_acq_32	atomic_load_acq_int
393 #define	atomic_store_rel_32	atomic_store_rel_int
394 #define	atomic_cmpset_32	atomic_cmpset_int
395 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_32	atomic_cmpset_acq_int
396 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_32	atomic_cmpset_rel_int
397 #define	atomic_readandclear_32	atomic_readandclear_int
398 #define	atomic_fetchadd_32	atomic_fetchadd_int
399 
400 /* Operations on 64-bit quad words. */
401 #define	atomic_set_64		atomic_set_long
402 #define	atomic_set_acq_64	atomic_set_acq_long
403 #define	atomic_set_rel_64	atomic_set_rel_long
404 #define	atomic_clear_64		atomic_clear_long
405 #define	atomic_clear_acq_64	atomic_clear_acq_long
406 #define	atomic_clear_rel_64	atomic_clear_rel_long
407 #define	atomic_add_64		atomic_add_long
408 #define	atomic_add_acq_64	atomic_add_acq_long
409 #define	atomic_add_rel_64	atomic_add_rel_long
410 #define	atomic_subtract_64	atomic_subtract_long
411 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_64	atomic_subtract_acq_long
412 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_64	atomic_subtract_rel_long
413 #define	atomic_load_acq_64	atomic_load_acq_long
414 #define	atomic_store_rel_64	atomic_store_rel_long
415 #define	atomic_cmpset_64	atomic_cmpset_long
416 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_64	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
417 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_64	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
418 #define	atomic_readandclear_64	atomic_readandclear_long
419 
420 /* Operations on pointers. */
421 #define	atomic_set_ptr		atomic_set_long
422 #define	atomic_set_acq_ptr	atomic_set_acq_long
423 #define	atomic_set_rel_ptr	atomic_set_rel_long
424 #define	atomic_clear_ptr	atomic_clear_long
425 #define	atomic_clear_acq_ptr	atomic_clear_acq_long
426 #define	atomic_clear_rel_ptr	atomic_clear_rel_long
427 #define	atomic_add_ptr		atomic_add_long
428 #define	atomic_add_acq_ptr	atomic_add_acq_long
429 #define	atomic_add_rel_ptr	atomic_add_rel_long
430 #define	atomic_subtract_ptr	atomic_subtract_long
431 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_ptr	atomic_subtract_acq_long
432 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_ptr	atomic_subtract_rel_long
433 #define	atomic_load_acq_ptr	atomic_load_acq_long
434 #define	atomic_store_rel_ptr	atomic_store_rel_long
435 #define	atomic_cmpset_ptr	atomic_cmpset_long
436 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
437 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
438 #define	atomic_readandclear_ptr	atomic_readandclear_long
439 
440 #endif /* !WANT_FUNCTIONS */
441 
442 #endif /* !_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */
443