xref: /freebsd/sys/amd64/include/atomic.h (revision e168b357aa7fe7ae2bb9b56373a3aada3ebf56d7)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 #ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
29 #define	_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
30 
31 #ifndef _SYS_CDEFS_H_
32 #error this file needs sys/cdefs.h as a prerequisite
33 #endif
34 
35 /*
36  * Various simple arithmetic on memory which is atomic in the presence
37  * of interrupts and multiple processors.
38  *
39  * atomic_set_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) |= (V))
40  * atomic_clear_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) &= ~(V))
41  * atomic_add_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) += (V))
42  * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)	(*(u_char*)(P) -= (V))
43  *
44  * atomic_set_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) |= (V))
45  * atomic_clear_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) &= ~(V))
46  * atomic_add_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) += (V))
47  * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)	(*(u_short*)(P) -= (V))
48  *
49  * atomic_set_int(P, V)		(*(u_int*)(P) |= (V))
50  * atomic_clear_int(P, V)	(*(u_int*)(P) &= ~(V))
51  * atomic_add_int(P, V)		(*(u_int*)(P) += (V))
52  * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)	(*(u_int*)(P) -= (V))
53  * atomic_readandclear_int(P)	(return  *(u_int*)P; *(u_int*)P = 0;)
54  *
55  * atomic_set_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) |= (V))
56  * atomic_clear_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) &= ~(V))
57  * atomic_add_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) += (V))
58  * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)	(*(u_long*)(P) -= (V))
59  * atomic_readandclear_long(P)	(return  *(u_long*)P; *(u_long*)P = 0;)
60  */
61 
62 /*
63  * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
64  * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
65  * built.
66  *
67  * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
68  * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
69  */
70 #if defined(KLD_MODULE) || !(defined(__GNUCLIKE_ASM) && defined(__CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE))
71 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)			\
72 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
73 
74 int atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src);
75 int atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src);
76 
77 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)			\
78 u_##TYPE	atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p);	\
79 void		atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
80 
81 #else /* !KLD_MODULE && __GNUCLIKE_ASM && __CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE */
82 
83 /*
84  * For userland, assume the SMP case and use lock prefixes so that
85  * the binaries will run on both types of systems.
86  */
87 #if defined(SMP) || !defined(_KERNEL)
88 #define	MPLOCKED	lock ;
89 #else
90 #define	MPLOCKED
91 #endif
92 
93 /*
94  * The assembly is volatilized to demark potential before-and-after side
95  * effects if an interrupt or SMP collision were to occur.
96  */
97 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)		\
98 static __inline void					\
99 atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
100 {							\
101 	__asm __volatile(__XSTRING(MPLOCKED) OP		\
102 			 : "+m" (*p)			\
103 			 : CONS (V));			\
104 }							\
105 struct __hack
106 
107 /*
108  * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
109  *
110  * if (*dst == exp) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
111  *
112  * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
113  */
114 
115 static __inline int
116 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
117 {
118 	int res = exp;
119 
120 	__asm __volatile (
121 	"	" __XSTRING(MPLOCKED) "	"
122 	"	cmpxchgl %1,%2 ;	"
123 	"       setz	%%al ;		"
124 	"	movzbl	%%al,%0 ;	"
125 	"1:				"
126 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
127 	: "+a" (res)			/* 0 (result) */
128 	: "r" (src),			/* 1 */
129 	  "m" (*(dst))			/* 2 */
130 	: "memory");
131 
132 	return (res);
133 }
134 
135 static __inline int
136 atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src)
137 {
138 	long res = exp;
139 
140 	__asm __volatile (
141 	"	" __XSTRING(MPLOCKED) "	"
142 	"	cmpxchgq %1,%2 ;	"
143 	"       setz	%%al ;		"
144 	"	movzbq	%%al,%0 ;	"
145 	"1:				"
146 	"# atomic_cmpset_long"
147 	: "+a" (res)			/* 0 (result) */
148 	: "r" (src),			/* 1 */
149 	  "m" (*(dst))			/* 2 */
150 	: "memory");
151 
152 	return (res);
153 }
154 
155 #if defined(_KERNEL) && !defined(SMP)
156 
157 /*
158  * We assume that a = b will do atomic loads and stores.  However, on a
159  * PentiumPro or higher, reads may pass writes, so for that case we have
160  * to use a serializing instruction (i.e. with LOCK) to do the load in
161  * SMP kernels.  For UP kernels, however, the cache of the single processor
162  * is always consistent, so we don't need any memory barriers.
163  */
164 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
165 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
166 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
167 {							\
168 	return (*p);					\
169 }							\
170 							\
171 static __inline void					\
172 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
173 {							\
174 	*p = v;						\
175 }							\
176 struct __hack
177 
178 #else /* defined(SMP) */
179 
180 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
181 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
182 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
183 {							\
184 	u_##TYPE res;					\
185 							\
186 	__asm __volatile(__XSTRING(MPLOCKED) LOP	\
187 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 (result) */\
188 	  "+m" (*p)			/* 1 */		\
189 	: : "memory");				 	\
190 							\
191 	return (res);					\
192 }							\
193 							\
194 /*							\
195  * The XCHG instruction asserts LOCK automagically.	\
196  */							\
197 static __inline void					\
198 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
199 {							\
200 	__asm __volatile(SOP				\
201 	: "+m" (*p),			/* 0 */		\
202 	  "+r" (v)			/* 1 */		\
203 	: : "memory");				 	\
204 }							\
205 struct __hack
206 
207 #endif /* SMP */
208 
209 #endif /* KLD_MODULE || !(__GNUCLIKE_ASM && __CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE) */
210 
211 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     char,  "orb %b1,%0",  "iq",  v);
212 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b1,%0", "iq", ~v);
213 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     char,  "addb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
214 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
215 
216 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     short, "orw %w1,%0",  "ir",  v);
217 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w1,%0", "ir", ~v);
218 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     short, "addw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
219 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
220 
221 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     int,   "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
222 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
223 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     int,   "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
224 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
225 
226 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     long,  "orq %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
227 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andq %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
228 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     long,  "addq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
229 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
230 
231 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(char,	"cmpxchgb %b0,%1", "xchgb %b1,%0");
232 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(short,"cmpxchgw %w0,%1", "xchgw %w1,%0");
233 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(int,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0");
234 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(long,	"cmpxchgq %0,%1",  "xchgq %1,%0");
235 
236 #undef ATOMIC_ASM
237 #undef ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD
238 
239 #if !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS)
240 
241 /* Read the current value and store a zero in the destination. */
242 #if defined(__GNUCLIKE_ASM) && defined(__CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE)
243 
244 static __inline u_int
245 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr)
246 {
247 	u_int result;
248 
249 	__asm __volatile (
250 	"	xorl	%0,%0 ;		"
251 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
252 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
253 	: "=&r" (result)		/* 0 (result) */
254 	: "m" (*addr));			/* 1 (addr) */
255 
256 	return (result);
257 }
258 
259 static __inline u_long
260 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr)
261 {
262 	u_long result;
263 
264 	__asm __volatile (
265 	"	xorq	%0,%0 ;		"
266 	"	xchgq	%1,%0 ;		"
267 	"# atomic_readandclear_long"
268 	: "=&r" (result)		/* 0 (result) */
269 	: "m" (*addr));			/* 1 (addr) */
270 
271 	return (result);
272 }
273 
274 #else /* !(__GNUCLIKE_ASM && __CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE) */
275 
276 u_int	atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *);
277 u_long	atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *);
278 
279 #endif /* __GNUCLIKE_ASM && __CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE */
280 
281 /* Acquire and release variants are identical to the normal ones. */
282 #define	atomic_set_acq_char		atomic_set_char
283 #define	atomic_set_rel_char		atomic_set_char
284 #define	atomic_clear_acq_char		atomic_clear_char
285 #define	atomic_clear_rel_char		atomic_clear_char
286 #define	atomic_add_acq_char		atomic_add_char
287 #define	atomic_add_rel_char		atomic_add_char
288 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_char	atomic_subtract_char
289 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_char	atomic_subtract_char
290 
291 #define	atomic_set_acq_short		atomic_set_short
292 #define	atomic_set_rel_short		atomic_set_short
293 #define	atomic_clear_acq_short		atomic_clear_short
294 #define	atomic_clear_rel_short		atomic_clear_short
295 #define	atomic_add_acq_short		atomic_add_short
296 #define	atomic_add_rel_short		atomic_add_short
297 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_short	atomic_subtract_short
298 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_short	atomic_subtract_short
299 
300 #define	atomic_set_acq_int		atomic_set_int
301 #define	atomic_set_rel_int		atomic_set_int
302 #define	atomic_clear_acq_int		atomic_clear_int
303 #define	atomic_clear_rel_int		atomic_clear_int
304 #define	atomic_add_acq_int		atomic_add_int
305 #define	atomic_add_rel_int		atomic_add_int
306 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_int		atomic_subtract_int
307 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_int		atomic_subtract_int
308 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_int		atomic_cmpset_int
309 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_int		atomic_cmpset_int
310 
311 #define	atomic_set_acq_long		atomic_set_long
312 #define	atomic_set_rel_long		atomic_set_long
313 #define	atomic_clear_acq_long		atomic_clear_long
314 #define	atomic_clear_rel_long		atomic_clear_long
315 #define	atomic_add_acq_long		atomic_add_long
316 #define	atomic_add_rel_long		atomic_add_long
317 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_long	atomic_subtract_long
318 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_long	atomic_subtract_long
319 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_long		atomic_cmpset_long
320 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_long		atomic_cmpset_long
321 
322 /* Operations on 8-bit bytes. */
323 #define	atomic_set_8		atomic_set_char
324 #define	atomic_set_acq_8	atomic_set_acq_char
325 #define	atomic_set_rel_8	atomic_set_rel_char
326 #define	atomic_clear_8		atomic_clear_char
327 #define	atomic_clear_acq_8	atomic_clear_acq_char
328 #define	atomic_clear_rel_8	atomic_clear_rel_char
329 #define	atomic_add_8		atomic_add_char
330 #define	atomic_add_acq_8	atomic_add_acq_char
331 #define	atomic_add_rel_8	atomic_add_rel_char
332 #define	atomic_subtract_8	atomic_subtract_char
333 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_8	atomic_subtract_acq_char
334 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_8	atomic_subtract_rel_char
335 #define	atomic_load_acq_8	atomic_load_acq_char
336 #define	atomic_store_rel_8	atomic_store_rel_char
337 
338 /* Operations on 16-bit words. */
339 #define	atomic_set_16		atomic_set_short
340 #define	atomic_set_acq_16	atomic_set_acq_short
341 #define	atomic_set_rel_16	atomic_set_rel_short
342 #define	atomic_clear_16		atomic_clear_short
343 #define	atomic_clear_acq_16	atomic_clear_acq_short
344 #define	atomic_clear_rel_16	atomic_clear_rel_short
345 #define	atomic_add_16		atomic_add_short
346 #define	atomic_add_acq_16	atomic_add_acq_short
347 #define	atomic_add_rel_16	atomic_add_rel_short
348 #define	atomic_subtract_16	atomic_subtract_short
349 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_16	atomic_subtract_acq_short
350 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_16	atomic_subtract_rel_short
351 #define	atomic_load_acq_16	atomic_load_acq_short
352 #define	atomic_store_rel_16	atomic_store_rel_short
353 
354 /* Operations on 32-bit double words. */
355 #define	atomic_set_32		atomic_set_int
356 #define	atomic_set_acq_32	atomic_set_acq_int
357 #define	atomic_set_rel_32	atomic_set_rel_int
358 #define	atomic_clear_32		atomic_clear_int
359 #define	atomic_clear_acq_32	atomic_clear_acq_int
360 #define	atomic_clear_rel_32	atomic_clear_rel_int
361 #define	atomic_add_32		atomic_add_int
362 #define	atomic_add_acq_32	atomic_add_acq_int
363 #define	atomic_add_rel_32	atomic_add_rel_int
364 #define	atomic_subtract_32	atomic_subtract_int
365 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_32	atomic_subtract_acq_int
366 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_32	atomic_subtract_rel_int
367 #define	atomic_load_acq_32	atomic_load_acq_int
368 #define	atomic_store_rel_32	atomic_store_rel_int
369 #define	atomic_cmpset_32	atomic_cmpset_int
370 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_32	atomic_cmpset_acq_int
371 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_32	atomic_cmpset_rel_int
372 #define	atomic_readandclear_32	atomic_readandclear_int
373 
374 /* Operations on pointers. */
375 #define	atomic_set_ptr		atomic_set_long
376 #define	atomic_set_acq_ptr	atomic_set_acq_long
377 #define	atomic_set_rel_ptr	atomic_set_rel_long
378 #define	atomic_clear_ptr	atomic_clear_long
379 #define	atomic_clear_acq_ptr	atomic_clear_acq_long
380 #define	atomic_clear_rel_ptr	atomic_clear_rel_long
381 #define	atomic_add_ptr		atomic_add_long
382 #define	atomic_add_acq_ptr	atomic_add_acq_long
383 #define	atomic_add_rel_ptr	atomic_add_rel_long
384 #define	atomic_subtract_ptr	atomic_subtract_long
385 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_ptr	atomic_subtract_acq_long
386 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_ptr	atomic_subtract_rel_long
387 #define	atomic_load_acq_ptr	atomic_load_acq_long
388 #define	atomic_store_rel_ptr	atomic_store_rel_long
389 #define	atomic_cmpset_ptr	atomic_cmpset_long
390 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
391 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
392 #define	atomic_readandclear_ptr	atomic_readandclear_long
393 
394 #endif	/* !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS) */
395 #endif /* ! _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */
396