xref: /freebsd/sys/amd64/include/atomic.h (revision aa64588d28258aef88cc33b8043112e8856948d0)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 #ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
29 #define	_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
30 
31 #ifndef _SYS_CDEFS_H_
32 #error this file needs sys/cdefs.h as a prerequisite
33 #endif
34 
35 #define	mb()	__asm __volatile("mfence;" : : : "memory")
36 #define	wmb()	__asm __volatile("sfence;" : : : "memory")
37 #define	rmb()	__asm __volatile("lfence;" : : : "memory")
38 
39 /*
40  * Various simple operations on memory, each of which is atomic in the
41  * presence of interrupts and multiple processors.
42  *
43  * atomic_set_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) |= (V))
44  * atomic_clear_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) &= ~(V))
45  * atomic_add_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) += (V))
46  * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) -= (V))
47  *
48  * atomic_set_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) |= (V))
49  * atomic_clear_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) &= ~(V))
50  * atomic_add_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) += (V))
51  * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) -= (V))
52  *
53  * atomic_set_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) |= (V))
54  * atomic_clear_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) &= ~(V))
55  * atomic_add_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) += (V))
56  * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) -= (V))
57  * atomic_readandclear_int(P)	(return (*(u_int *)(P)); *(u_int *)(P) = 0;)
58  *
59  * atomic_set_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) |= (V))
60  * atomic_clear_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) &= ~(V))
61  * atomic_add_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) += (V))
62  * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) -= (V))
63  * atomic_readandclear_long(P)	(return (*(u_long *)(P)); *(u_long *)(P) = 0;)
64  */
65 
66 /*
67  * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
68  * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
69  * built.
70  *
71  * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
72  * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
73  */
74 #if defined(KLD_MODULE) || !defined(__GNUCLIKE_ASM)
75 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)			\
76 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v);	\
77 void atomic_##NAME##_barr_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
78 
79 int	atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int expect, u_int src);
80 int	atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long expect, u_long src);
81 u_int	atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v);
82 u_long	atomic_fetchadd_long(volatile u_long *p, u_long v);
83 
84 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)			\
85 u_##TYPE	atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p);	\
86 void		atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
87 
88 #else /* !KLD_MODULE && __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
89 
90 /*
91  * For userland, always use lock prefixes so that the binaries will run
92  * on both SMP and !SMP systems.
93  */
94 #if defined(SMP) || !defined(_KERNEL)
95 #define	MPLOCKED	"lock ; "
96 #else
97 #define	MPLOCKED
98 #endif
99 
100 /*
101  * The assembly is volatilized to avoid code chunk removal by the compiler.
102  * GCC aggressively reorders operations and memory clobbering is necessary
103  * in order to avoid that for memory barriers.
104  */
105 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)		\
106 static __inline void					\
107 atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
108 {							\
109 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED OP			\
110 	: "=m" (*p)					\
111 	: CONS (V), "m" (*p));				\
112 }							\
113 							\
114 static __inline void					\
115 atomic_##NAME##_barr_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
116 {							\
117 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED OP			\
118 	: "=m" (*p)					\
119 	: CONS (V), "m" (*p)				\
120 	: "memory");					\
121 }							\
122 struct __hack
123 
124 /*
125  * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
126  *
127  * if (*dst == expect) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
128  *
129  * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
130  */
131 
132 static __inline int
133 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int expect, u_int src)
134 {
135 	u_char res;
136 
137 	__asm __volatile(
138 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
139 	"	cmpxchgl %2,%1 ;	"
140 	"       sete	%0 ;		"
141 	"1:				"
142 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
143 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */
144 	  "=m" (*dst)			/* 1 */
145 	: "r" (src),			/* 2 */
146 	  "a" (expect),			/* 3 */
147 	  "m" (*dst)			/* 4 */
148 	: "memory");
149 
150 	return (res);
151 }
152 
153 static __inline int
154 atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long expect, u_long src)
155 {
156 	u_char res;
157 
158 	__asm __volatile(
159 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
160 	"	cmpxchgq %2,%1 ;	"
161 	"       sete	%0 ;		"
162 	"1:				"
163 	"# atomic_cmpset_long"
164 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */
165 	  "=m" (*dst)			/* 1 */
166 	: "r" (src),			/* 2 */
167 	  "a" (expect),			/* 3 */
168 	  "m" (*dst)			/* 4 */
169 	: "memory");
170 
171 	return (res);
172 }
173 
174 /*
175  * Atomically add the value of v to the integer pointed to by p and return
176  * the previous value of *p.
177  */
178 static __inline u_int
179 atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v)
180 {
181 
182 	__asm __volatile(
183 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
184 	"	xaddl	%0, %1 ;	"
185 	"# atomic_fetchadd_int"
186 	: "+r" (v),			/* 0 (result) */
187 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */
188 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */
189 
190 	return (v);
191 }
192 
193 /*
194  * Atomically add the value of v to the long integer pointed to by p and return
195  * the previous value of *p.
196  */
197 static __inline u_long
198 atomic_fetchadd_long(volatile u_long *p, u_long v)
199 {
200 
201 	__asm __volatile(
202 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
203 	"	xaddq	%0, %1 ;	"
204 	"# atomic_fetchadd_long"
205 	: "+r" (v),			/* 0 (result) */
206 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */
207 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */
208 
209 	return (v);
210 }
211 
212 #if defined(_KERNEL) && !defined(SMP)
213 
214 /*
215  * We assume that a = b will do atomic loads and stores.  However, on a
216  * PentiumPro or higher, reads may pass writes, so for that case we have
217  * to use a serializing instruction (i.e. with LOCK) to do the load in
218  * SMP kernels.  For UP kernels, however, the cache of the single processor
219  * is always consistent, so we only need to take care of compiler.
220  */
221 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
222 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
223 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
224 {							\
225 	u_##TYPE tmp;					\
226 							\
227 	tmp = *p;					\
228 	__asm __volatile ("" : : : "memory");		\
229 	return (tmp);					\
230 }							\
231 							\
232 static __inline void					\
233 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
234 {							\
235 	__asm __volatile ("" : : : "memory");		\
236 	*p = v;						\
237 }							\
238 struct __hack
239 
240 #else /* !(_KERNEL && !SMP) */
241 
242 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
243 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
244 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
245 {							\
246 	u_##TYPE res;					\
247 							\
248 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED LOP			\
249 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */		\
250 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */		\
251 	: "m" (*p)			/* 2 */		\
252 	: "memory");					\
253 							\
254 	return (res);					\
255 }							\
256 							\
257 /*							\
258  * The XCHG instruction asserts LOCK automagically.	\
259  */							\
260 static __inline void					\
261 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
262 {							\
263 	__asm __volatile(SOP				\
264 	: "=m" (*p),			/* 0 */		\
265 	  "+r" (v)			/* 1 */		\
266 	: "m" (*p)			/* 2 */		\
267 	: "memory");					\
268 }							\
269 struct __hack
270 
271 #endif /* _KERNEL && !SMP */
272 
273 #endif /* KLD_MODULE || !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
274 
275 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     char,  "orb %b1,%0",  "iq",  v);
276 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b1,%0", "iq", ~v);
277 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     char,  "addb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
278 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
279 
280 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     short, "orw %w1,%0",  "ir",  v);
281 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w1,%0", "ir", ~v);
282 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     short, "addw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
283 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
284 
285 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     int,   "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
286 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
287 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     int,   "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
288 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
289 
290 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     long,  "orq %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
291 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andq %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
292 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     long,  "addq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
293 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
294 
295 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(char,	"cmpxchgb %b0,%1", "xchgb %b1,%0");
296 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(short,"cmpxchgw %w0,%1", "xchgw %w1,%0");
297 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(int,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0");
298 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(long,	"cmpxchgq %0,%1",  "xchgq %1,%0");
299 
300 #undef ATOMIC_ASM
301 #undef ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD
302 
303 #ifndef WANT_FUNCTIONS
304 
305 /* Read the current value and store a zero in the destination. */
306 #ifdef __GNUCLIKE_ASM
307 
308 static __inline u_int
309 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr)
310 {
311 	u_int res;
312 
313 	res = 0;
314 	__asm __volatile(
315 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
316 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
317 	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
318 	  "=m" (*addr)			/* 1 */
319 	: "m" (*addr));
320 
321 	return (res);
322 }
323 
324 static __inline u_long
325 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr)
326 {
327 	u_long res;
328 
329 	res = 0;
330 	__asm __volatile(
331 	"	xchgq	%1,%0 ;		"
332 	"# atomic_readandclear_long"
333 	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
334 	  "=m" (*addr)			/* 1 */
335 	: "m" (*addr));
336 
337 	return (res);
338 }
339 
340 #else /* !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
341 
342 u_int	atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr);
343 u_long	atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr);
344 
345 #endif /* __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
346 
347 #define	atomic_set_acq_char		atomic_set_barr_char
348 #define	atomic_set_rel_char		atomic_set_barr_char
349 #define	atomic_clear_acq_char		atomic_clear_barr_char
350 #define	atomic_clear_rel_char		atomic_clear_barr_char
351 #define	atomic_add_acq_char		atomic_add_barr_char
352 #define	atomic_add_rel_char		atomic_add_barr_char
353 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_char	atomic_subtract_barr_char
354 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_char	atomic_subtract_barr_char
355 
356 #define	atomic_set_acq_short		atomic_set_barr_short
357 #define	atomic_set_rel_short		atomic_set_barr_short
358 #define	atomic_clear_acq_short		atomic_clear_barr_short
359 #define	atomic_clear_rel_short		atomic_clear_barr_short
360 #define	atomic_add_acq_short		atomic_add_barr_short
361 #define	atomic_add_rel_short		atomic_add_barr_short
362 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_short	atomic_subtract_barr_short
363 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_short	atomic_subtract_barr_short
364 
365 #define	atomic_set_acq_int		atomic_set_barr_int
366 #define	atomic_set_rel_int		atomic_set_barr_int
367 #define	atomic_clear_acq_int		atomic_clear_barr_int
368 #define	atomic_clear_rel_int		atomic_clear_barr_int
369 #define	atomic_add_acq_int		atomic_add_barr_int
370 #define	atomic_add_rel_int		atomic_add_barr_int
371 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_int		atomic_subtract_barr_int
372 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_int		atomic_subtract_barr_int
373 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_int		atomic_cmpset_int
374 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_int		atomic_cmpset_int
375 
376 #define	atomic_set_acq_long		atomic_set_barr_long
377 #define	atomic_set_rel_long		atomic_set_barr_long
378 #define	atomic_clear_acq_long		atomic_clear_barr_long
379 #define	atomic_clear_rel_long		atomic_clear_barr_long
380 #define	atomic_add_acq_long		atomic_add_barr_long
381 #define	atomic_add_rel_long		atomic_add_barr_long
382 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_long	atomic_subtract_barr_long
383 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_long	atomic_subtract_barr_long
384 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_long		atomic_cmpset_long
385 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_long		atomic_cmpset_long
386 
387 /* Operations on 8-bit bytes. */
388 #define	atomic_set_8		atomic_set_char
389 #define	atomic_set_acq_8	atomic_set_acq_char
390 #define	atomic_set_rel_8	atomic_set_rel_char
391 #define	atomic_clear_8		atomic_clear_char
392 #define	atomic_clear_acq_8	atomic_clear_acq_char
393 #define	atomic_clear_rel_8	atomic_clear_rel_char
394 #define	atomic_add_8		atomic_add_char
395 #define	atomic_add_acq_8	atomic_add_acq_char
396 #define	atomic_add_rel_8	atomic_add_rel_char
397 #define	atomic_subtract_8	atomic_subtract_char
398 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_8	atomic_subtract_acq_char
399 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_8	atomic_subtract_rel_char
400 #define	atomic_load_acq_8	atomic_load_acq_char
401 #define	atomic_store_rel_8	atomic_store_rel_char
402 
403 /* Operations on 16-bit words. */
404 #define	atomic_set_16		atomic_set_short
405 #define	atomic_set_acq_16	atomic_set_acq_short
406 #define	atomic_set_rel_16	atomic_set_rel_short
407 #define	atomic_clear_16		atomic_clear_short
408 #define	atomic_clear_acq_16	atomic_clear_acq_short
409 #define	atomic_clear_rel_16	atomic_clear_rel_short
410 #define	atomic_add_16		atomic_add_short
411 #define	atomic_add_acq_16	atomic_add_acq_short
412 #define	atomic_add_rel_16	atomic_add_rel_short
413 #define	atomic_subtract_16	atomic_subtract_short
414 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_16	atomic_subtract_acq_short
415 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_16	atomic_subtract_rel_short
416 #define	atomic_load_acq_16	atomic_load_acq_short
417 #define	atomic_store_rel_16	atomic_store_rel_short
418 
419 /* Operations on 32-bit double words. */
420 #define	atomic_set_32		atomic_set_int
421 #define	atomic_set_acq_32	atomic_set_acq_int
422 #define	atomic_set_rel_32	atomic_set_rel_int
423 #define	atomic_clear_32		atomic_clear_int
424 #define	atomic_clear_acq_32	atomic_clear_acq_int
425 #define	atomic_clear_rel_32	atomic_clear_rel_int
426 #define	atomic_add_32		atomic_add_int
427 #define	atomic_add_acq_32	atomic_add_acq_int
428 #define	atomic_add_rel_32	atomic_add_rel_int
429 #define	atomic_subtract_32	atomic_subtract_int
430 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_32	atomic_subtract_acq_int
431 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_32	atomic_subtract_rel_int
432 #define	atomic_load_acq_32	atomic_load_acq_int
433 #define	atomic_store_rel_32	atomic_store_rel_int
434 #define	atomic_cmpset_32	atomic_cmpset_int
435 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_32	atomic_cmpset_acq_int
436 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_32	atomic_cmpset_rel_int
437 #define	atomic_readandclear_32	atomic_readandclear_int
438 #define	atomic_fetchadd_32	atomic_fetchadd_int
439 
440 /* Operations on 64-bit quad words. */
441 #define	atomic_set_64		atomic_set_long
442 #define	atomic_set_acq_64	atomic_set_acq_long
443 #define	atomic_set_rel_64	atomic_set_rel_long
444 #define	atomic_clear_64		atomic_clear_long
445 #define	atomic_clear_acq_64	atomic_clear_acq_long
446 #define	atomic_clear_rel_64	atomic_clear_rel_long
447 #define	atomic_add_64		atomic_add_long
448 #define	atomic_add_acq_64	atomic_add_acq_long
449 #define	atomic_add_rel_64	atomic_add_rel_long
450 #define	atomic_subtract_64	atomic_subtract_long
451 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_64	atomic_subtract_acq_long
452 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_64	atomic_subtract_rel_long
453 #define	atomic_load_acq_64	atomic_load_acq_long
454 #define	atomic_store_rel_64	atomic_store_rel_long
455 #define	atomic_cmpset_64	atomic_cmpset_long
456 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_64	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
457 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_64	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
458 #define	atomic_readandclear_64	atomic_readandclear_long
459 
460 /* Operations on pointers. */
461 #define	atomic_set_ptr		atomic_set_long
462 #define	atomic_set_acq_ptr	atomic_set_acq_long
463 #define	atomic_set_rel_ptr	atomic_set_rel_long
464 #define	atomic_clear_ptr	atomic_clear_long
465 #define	atomic_clear_acq_ptr	atomic_clear_acq_long
466 #define	atomic_clear_rel_ptr	atomic_clear_rel_long
467 #define	atomic_add_ptr		atomic_add_long
468 #define	atomic_add_acq_ptr	atomic_add_acq_long
469 #define	atomic_add_rel_ptr	atomic_add_rel_long
470 #define	atomic_subtract_ptr	atomic_subtract_long
471 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_ptr	atomic_subtract_acq_long
472 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_ptr	atomic_subtract_rel_long
473 #define	atomic_load_acq_ptr	atomic_load_acq_long
474 #define	atomic_store_rel_ptr	atomic_store_rel_long
475 #define	atomic_cmpset_ptr	atomic_cmpset_long
476 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
477 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
478 #define	atomic_readandclear_ptr	atomic_readandclear_long
479 
480 #endif /* !WANT_FUNCTIONS */
481 
482 #endif /* !_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */
483