xref: /freebsd/sys/amd64/include/atomic.h (revision 830940567b49bb0c08dfaed40418999e76616909)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 #ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
29 #define	_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
30 
31 #ifndef _SYS_CDEFS_H_
32 #error this file needs sys/cdefs.h as a prerequisite
33 #endif
34 
35 #define mb()	__asm__ __volatile__ ("mfence;": : :"memory")
36 #define wmb()	__asm__ __volatile__ ("sfence;": : :"memory")
37 #define rmb()	__asm__ __volatile__ ("lfence;": : :"memory")
38 
39 /*
40  * Various simple operations on memory, each of which is atomic in the
41  * presence of interrupts and multiple processors.
42  *
43  * atomic_set_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) |= (V))
44  * atomic_clear_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) &= ~(V))
45  * atomic_add_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) += (V))
46  * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) -= (V))
47  *
48  * atomic_set_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) |= (V))
49  * atomic_clear_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) &= ~(V))
50  * atomic_add_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) += (V))
51  * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) -= (V))
52  *
53  * atomic_set_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) |= (V))
54  * atomic_clear_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) &= ~(V))
55  * atomic_add_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) += (V))
56  * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) -= (V))
57  * atomic_readandclear_int(P)	(return (*(u_int *)(P)); *(u_int *)(P) = 0;)
58  *
59  * atomic_set_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) |= (V))
60  * atomic_clear_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) &= ~(V))
61  * atomic_add_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) += (V))
62  * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) -= (V))
63  * atomic_readandclear_long(P)	(return (*(u_long *)(P)); *(u_long *)(P) = 0;)
64  */
65 
66 /*
67  * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
68  * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
69  * built.
70  *
71  * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
72  * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
73  */
74 #if defined(KLD_MODULE) || !defined(__GNUCLIKE_ASM)
75 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)			\
76 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
77 
78 int	atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src);
79 int	atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src);
80 u_int	atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v);
81 u_long	atomic_fetchadd_long(volatile u_long *p, u_long v);
82 
83 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)			\
84 u_##TYPE	atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p);	\
85 void		atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
86 
87 #else /* !KLD_MODULE && __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
88 
89 /*
90  * For userland, always use lock prefixes so that the binaries will run
91  * on both SMP and !SMP systems.
92  */
93 #if defined(SMP) || !defined(_KERNEL)
94 #define	MPLOCKED	"lock ; "
95 #else
96 #define	MPLOCKED
97 #endif
98 
99 /*
100  * The assembly is volatilized to demark potential before-and-after side
101  * effects if an interrupt or SMP collision were to occur.
102  */
103 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)		\
104 static __inline void					\
105 atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
106 {							\
107 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED OP			\
108 	: "=m" (*p)					\
109 	: CONS (V), "m" (*p));				\
110 }							\
111 struct __hack
112 
113 /*
114  * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
115  *
116  * if (*dst == exp) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
117  *
118  * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
119  */
120 
121 static __inline int
122 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
123 {
124 	u_char res;
125 
126 	__asm __volatile(
127 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
128 	"	cmpxchgl %2,%1 ;	"
129 	"       sete	%0 ;		"
130 	"1:				"
131 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
132 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */
133 	  "=m" (*dst)			/* 1 */
134 	: "r" (src),			/* 2 */
135 	  "a" (exp),			/* 3 */
136 	  "m" (*dst)			/* 4 */
137 	: "memory");
138 
139 	return (res);
140 }
141 
142 static __inline int
143 atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src)
144 {
145 	u_char res;
146 
147 	__asm __volatile(
148 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
149 	"	cmpxchgq %2,%1 ;	"
150 	"       sete	%0 ;		"
151 	"1:				"
152 	"# atomic_cmpset_long"
153 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */
154 	  "=m" (*dst)			/* 1 */
155 	: "r" (src),			/* 2 */
156 	  "a" (exp),			/* 3 */
157 	  "m" (*dst)			/* 4 */
158 	: "memory");
159 
160 	return (res);
161 }
162 
163 /*
164  * Atomically add the value of v to the integer pointed to by p and return
165  * the previous value of *p.
166  */
167 static __inline u_int
168 atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v)
169 {
170 
171 	__asm __volatile(
172 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
173 	"	xaddl	%0, %1 ;	"
174 	"# atomic_fetchadd_int"
175 	: "+r" (v),			/* 0 (result) */
176 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */
177 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */
178 
179 	return (v);
180 }
181 
182 /*
183  * Atomically add the value of v to the long integer pointed to by p and return
184  * the previous value of *p.
185  */
186 static __inline u_long
187 atomic_fetchadd_long(volatile u_long *p, u_long v)
188 {
189 
190 	__asm __volatile(
191 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
192 	"	xaddq	%0, %1 ;	"
193 	"# atomic_fetchadd_long"
194 	: "+r" (v),			/* 0 (result) */
195 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */
196 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */
197 
198 	return (v);
199 }
200 
201 #if defined(_KERNEL) && !defined(SMP)
202 
203 /*
204  * We assume that a = b will do atomic loads and stores.  However, on a
205  * PentiumPro or higher, reads may pass writes, so for that case we have
206  * to use a serializing instruction (i.e. with LOCK) to do the load in
207  * SMP kernels.  For UP kernels, however, the cache of the single processor
208  * is always consistent, so we don't need any memory barriers.
209  */
210 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
211 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
212 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
213 {							\
214 	return (*p);					\
215 }							\
216 							\
217 static __inline void					\
218 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
219 {							\
220 	*p = v;						\
221 }							\
222 struct __hack
223 
224 #else /* !(_KERNEL && !SMP) */
225 
226 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
227 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
228 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
229 {							\
230 	u_##TYPE res;					\
231 							\
232 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED LOP			\
233 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */		\
234 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */		\
235 	: "m" (*p)			/* 2 */		\
236 	: "memory");					\
237 							\
238 	return (res);					\
239 }							\
240 							\
241 /*							\
242  * The XCHG instruction asserts LOCK automagically.	\
243  */							\
244 static __inline void					\
245 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
246 {							\
247 	__asm __volatile(SOP				\
248 	: "=m" (*p),			/* 0 */		\
249 	  "+r" (v)			/* 1 */		\
250 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */		\
251 }							\
252 struct __hack
253 
254 #endif /* _KERNEL && !SMP */
255 
256 #endif /* KLD_MODULE || !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
257 
258 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     char,  "orb %b1,%0",  "iq",  v);
259 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b1,%0", "iq", ~v);
260 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     char,  "addb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
261 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
262 
263 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     short, "orw %w1,%0",  "ir",  v);
264 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w1,%0", "ir", ~v);
265 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     short, "addw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
266 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
267 
268 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     int,   "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
269 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
270 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     int,   "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
271 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
272 
273 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     long,  "orq %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
274 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andq %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
275 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     long,  "addq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
276 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
277 
278 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(char,	"cmpxchgb %b0,%1", "xchgb %b1,%0");
279 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(short,"cmpxchgw %w0,%1", "xchgw %w1,%0");
280 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(int,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0");
281 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(long,	"cmpxchgq %0,%1",  "xchgq %1,%0");
282 
283 #undef ATOMIC_ASM
284 #undef ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD
285 
286 #ifndef WANT_FUNCTIONS
287 
288 /* Read the current value and store a zero in the destination. */
289 #ifdef __GNUCLIKE_ASM
290 
291 static __inline u_int
292 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr)
293 {
294 	u_int res;
295 
296 	res = 0;
297 	__asm __volatile(
298 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
299 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
300 	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
301 	  "=m" (*addr)			/* 1 */
302 	: "m" (*addr));
303 
304 	return (res);
305 }
306 
307 static __inline u_long
308 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr)
309 {
310 	u_long res;
311 
312 	res = 0;
313 	__asm __volatile(
314 	"	xchgq	%1,%0 ;		"
315 	"# atomic_readandclear_long"
316 	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
317 	  "=m" (*addr)			/* 1 */
318 	: "m" (*addr));
319 
320 	return (res);
321 }
322 
323 #else /* !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
324 
325 u_int	atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr);
326 u_long	atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr);
327 
328 #endif /* __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
329 
330 /* Acquire and release variants are identical to the normal ones. */
331 #define	atomic_set_acq_char		atomic_set_char
332 #define	atomic_set_rel_char		atomic_set_char
333 #define	atomic_clear_acq_char		atomic_clear_char
334 #define	atomic_clear_rel_char		atomic_clear_char
335 #define	atomic_add_acq_char		atomic_add_char
336 #define	atomic_add_rel_char		atomic_add_char
337 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_char	atomic_subtract_char
338 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_char	atomic_subtract_char
339 
340 #define	atomic_set_acq_short		atomic_set_short
341 #define	atomic_set_rel_short		atomic_set_short
342 #define	atomic_clear_acq_short		atomic_clear_short
343 #define	atomic_clear_rel_short		atomic_clear_short
344 #define	atomic_add_acq_short		atomic_add_short
345 #define	atomic_add_rel_short		atomic_add_short
346 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_short	atomic_subtract_short
347 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_short	atomic_subtract_short
348 
349 #define	atomic_set_acq_int		atomic_set_int
350 #define	atomic_set_rel_int		atomic_set_int
351 #define	atomic_clear_acq_int		atomic_clear_int
352 #define	atomic_clear_rel_int		atomic_clear_int
353 #define	atomic_add_acq_int		atomic_add_int
354 #define	atomic_add_rel_int		atomic_add_int
355 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_int		atomic_subtract_int
356 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_int		atomic_subtract_int
357 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_int		atomic_cmpset_int
358 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_int		atomic_cmpset_int
359 
360 #define	atomic_set_acq_long		atomic_set_long
361 #define	atomic_set_rel_long		atomic_set_long
362 #define	atomic_clear_acq_long		atomic_clear_long
363 #define	atomic_clear_rel_long		atomic_clear_long
364 #define	atomic_add_acq_long		atomic_add_long
365 #define	atomic_add_rel_long		atomic_add_long
366 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_long	atomic_subtract_long
367 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_long	atomic_subtract_long
368 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_long		atomic_cmpset_long
369 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_long		atomic_cmpset_long
370 
371 /* Operations on 8-bit bytes. */
372 #define	atomic_set_8		atomic_set_char
373 #define	atomic_set_acq_8	atomic_set_acq_char
374 #define	atomic_set_rel_8	atomic_set_rel_char
375 #define	atomic_clear_8		atomic_clear_char
376 #define	atomic_clear_acq_8	atomic_clear_acq_char
377 #define	atomic_clear_rel_8	atomic_clear_rel_char
378 #define	atomic_add_8		atomic_add_char
379 #define	atomic_add_acq_8	atomic_add_acq_char
380 #define	atomic_add_rel_8	atomic_add_rel_char
381 #define	atomic_subtract_8	atomic_subtract_char
382 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_8	atomic_subtract_acq_char
383 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_8	atomic_subtract_rel_char
384 #define	atomic_load_acq_8	atomic_load_acq_char
385 #define	atomic_store_rel_8	atomic_store_rel_char
386 
387 /* Operations on 16-bit words. */
388 #define	atomic_set_16		atomic_set_short
389 #define	atomic_set_acq_16	atomic_set_acq_short
390 #define	atomic_set_rel_16	atomic_set_rel_short
391 #define	atomic_clear_16		atomic_clear_short
392 #define	atomic_clear_acq_16	atomic_clear_acq_short
393 #define	atomic_clear_rel_16	atomic_clear_rel_short
394 #define	atomic_add_16		atomic_add_short
395 #define	atomic_add_acq_16	atomic_add_acq_short
396 #define	atomic_add_rel_16	atomic_add_rel_short
397 #define	atomic_subtract_16	atomic_subtract_short
398 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_16	atomic_subtract_acq_short
399 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_16	atomic_subtract_rel_short
400 #define	atomic_load_acq_16	atomic_load_acq_short
401 #define	atomic_store_rel_16	atomic_store_rel_short
402 
403 /* Operations on 32-bit double words. */
404 #define	atomic_set_32		atomic_set_int
405 #define	atomic_set_acq_32	atomic_set_acq_int
406 #define	atomic_set_rel_32	atomic_set_rel_int
407 #define	atomic_clear_32		atomic_clear_int
408 #define	atomic_clear_acq_32	atomic_clear_acq_int
409 #define	atomic_clear_rel_32	atomic_clear_rel_int
410 #define	atomic_add_32		atomic_add_int
411 #define	atomic_add_acq_32	atomic_add_acq_int
412 #define	atomic_add_rel_32	atomic_add_rel_int
413 #define	atomic_subtract_32	atomic_subtract_int
414 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_32	atomic_subtract_acq_int
415 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_32	atomic_subtract_rel_int
416 #define	atomic_load_acq_32	atomic_load_acq_int
417 #define	atomic_store_rel_32	atomic_store_rel_int
418 #define	atomic_cmpset_32	atomic_cmpset_int
419 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_32	atomic_cmpset_acq_int
420 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_32	atomic_cmpset_rel_int
421 #define	atomic_readandclear_32	atomic_readandclear_int
422 #define	atomic_fetchadd_32	atomic_fetchadd_int
423 
424 /* Operations on 64-bit quad words. */
425 #define	atomic_set_64		atomic_set_long
426 #define	atomic_set_acq_64	atomic_set_acq_long
427 #define	atomic_set_rel_64	atomic_set_rel_long
428 #define	atomic_clear_64		atomic_clear_long
429 #define	atomic_clear_acq_64	atomic_clear_acq_long
430 #define	atomic_clear_rel_64	atomic_clear_rel_long
431 #define	atomic_add_64		atomic_add_long
432 #define	atomic_add_acq_64	atomic_add_acq_long
433 #define	atomic_add_rel_64	atomic_add_rel_long
434 #define	atomic_subtract_64	atomic_subtract_long
435 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_64	atomic_subtract_acq_long
436 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_64	atomic_subtract_rel_long
437 #define	atomic_load_acq_64	atomic_load_acq_long
438 #define	atomic_store_rel_64	atomic_store_rel_long
439 #define	atomic_cmpset_64	atomic_cmpset_long
440 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_64	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
441 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_64	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
442 #define	atomic_readandclear_64	atomic_readandclear_long
443 
444 /* Operations on pointers. */
445 #define	atomic_set_ptr		atomic_set_long
446 #define	atomic_set_acq_ptr	atomic_set_acq_long
447 #define	atomic_set_rel_ptr	atomic_set_rel_long
448 #define	atomic_clear_ptr	atomic_clear_long
449 #define	atomic_clear_acq_ptr	atomic_clear_acq_long
450 #define	atomic_clear_rel_ptr	atomic_clear_rel_long
451 #define	atomic_add_ptr		atomic_add_long
452 #define	atomic_add_acq_ptr	atomic_add_acq_long
453 #define	atomic_add_rel_ptr	atomic_add_rel_long
454 #define	atomic_subtract_ptr	atomic_subtract_long
455 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_ptr	atomic_subtract_acq_long
456 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_ptr	atomic_subtract_rel_long
457 #define	atomic_load_acq_ptr	atomic_load_acq_long
458 #define	atomic_store_rel_ptr	atomic_store_rel_long
459 #define	atomic_cmpset_ptr	atomic_cmpset_long
460 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
461 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
462 #define	atomic_readandclear_ptr	atomic_readandclear_long
463 
464 #endif /* !WANT_FUNCTIONS */
465 
466 #endif /* !_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */
467