xref: /freebsd/sys/amd64/include/atomic.h (revision 2be1a816b9ff69588e55be0a84cbe2a31efc0f2f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 #ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
29 #define	_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
30 
31 #ifndef _SYS_CDEFS_H_
32 #error this file needs sys/cdefs.h as a prerequisite
33 #endif
34 
35 /*
36  * Various simple operations on memory, each of which is atomic in the
37  * presence of interrupts and multiple processors.
38  *
39  * atomic_set_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) |= (V))
40  * atomic_clear_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) &= ~(V))
41  * atomic_add_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) += (V))
42  * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)	(*(u_char *)(P) -= (V))
43  *
44  * atomic_set_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) |= (V))
45  * atomic_clear_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) &= ~(V))
46  * atomic_add_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) += (V))
47  * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)	(*(u_short *)(P) -= (V))
48  *
49  * atomic_set_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) |= (V))
50  * atomic_clear_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) &= ~(V))
51  * atomic_add_int(P, V)		(*(u_int *)(P) += (V))
52  * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)	(*(u_int *)(P) -= (V))
53  * atomic_readandclear_int(P)	(return (*(u_int *)(P)); *(u_int *)(P) = 0;)
54  *
55  * atomic_set_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) |= (V))
56  * atomic_clear_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) &= ~(V))
57  * atomic_add_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) += (V))
58  * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)	(*(u_long *)(P) -= (V))
59  * atomic_readandclear_long(P)	(return (*(u_long *)(P)); *(u_long *)(P) = 0;)
60  */
61 
62 /*
63  * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
64  * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
65  * built.
66  *
67  * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
68  * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
69  */
70 #if defined(KLD_MODULE) || !defined(__GNUCLIKE_ASM)
71 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)			\
72 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
73 
74 int	atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src);
75 int	atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src);
76 u_int	atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v);
77 u_long	atomic_fetchadd_long(volatile u_long *p, u_long v);
78 
79 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)			\
80 u_##TYPE	atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p);	\
81 void		atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
82 
83 #else /* !KLD_MODULE && __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
84 
85 /*
86  * For userland, always use lock prefixes so that the binaries will run
87  * on both SMP and !SMP systems.
88  */
89 #if defined(SMP) || !defined(_KERNEL)
90 #define	MPLOCKED	"lock ; "
91 #else
92 #define	MPLOCKED
93 #endif
94 
95 /*
96  * The assembly is volatilized to demark potential before-and-after side
97  * effects if an interrupt or SMP collision were to occur.
98  */
99 #define	ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)		\
100 static __inline void					\
101 atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
102 {							\
103 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED OP			\
104 	: "=m" (*p)					\
105 	: CONS (V), "m" (*p));				\
106 }							\
107 struct __hack
108 
109 /*
110  * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
111  *
112  * if (*dst == exp) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
113  *
114  * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
115  */
116 
117 static __inline int
118 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
119 {
120 	u_char res;
121 
122 	__asm __volatile(
123 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
124 	"	cmpxchgl %2,%1 ;	"
125 	"       sete	%0 ;		"
126 	"1:				"
127 	"# atomic_cmpset_int"
128 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */
129 	  "=m" (*dst)			/* 1 */
130 	: "r" (src),			/* 2 */
131 	  "a" (exp),			/* 3 */
132 	  "m" (*dst)			/* 4 */
133 	: "memory");
134 
135 	return (res);
136 }
137 
138 static __inline int
139 atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src)
140 {
141 	u_char res;
142 
143 	__asm __volatile(
144 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
145 	"	cmpxchgq %2,%1 ;	"
146 	"       sete	%0 ;		"
147 	"1:				"
148 	"# atomic_cmpset_long"
149 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */
150 	  "=m" (*dst)			/* 1 */
151 	: "r" (src),			/* 2 */
152 	  "a" (exp),			/* 3 */
153 	  "m" (*dst)			/* 4 */
154 	: "memory");
155 
156 	return (res);
157 }
158 
159 /*
160  * Atomically add the value of v to the integer pointed to by p and return
161  * the previous value of *p.
162  */
163 static __inline u_int
164 atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v)
165 {
166 
167 	__asm __volatile(
168 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
169 	"	xaddl	%0, %1 ;	"
170 	"# atomic_fetchadd_int"
171 	: "+r" (v),			/* 0 (result) */
172 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */
173 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */
174 
175 	return (v);
176 }
177 
178 /*
179  * Atomically add the value of v to the long integer pointed to by p and return
180  * the previous value of *p.
181  */
182 static __inline u_long
183 atomic_fetchadd_long(volatile u_long *p, u_long v)
184 {
185 
186 	__asm __volatile(
187 	"	" MPLOCKED "		"
188 	"	xaddq	%0, %1 ;	"
189 	"# atomic_fetchadd_long"
190 	: "+r" (v),			/* 0 (result) */
191 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */
192 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */
193 
194 	return (v);
195 }
196 
197 #if defined(_KERNEL) && !defined(SMP)
198 
199 /*
200  * We assume that a = b will do atomic loads and stores.  However, on a
201  * PentiumPro or higher, reads may pass writes, so for that case we have
202  * to use a serializing instruction (i.e. with LOCK) to do the load in
203  * SMP kernels.  For UP kernels, however, the cache of the single processor
204  * is always consistent, so we don't need any memory barriers.
205  */
206 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
207 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
208 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
209 {							\
210 	return (*p);					\
211 }							\
212 							\
213 static __inline void					\
214 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
215 {							\
216 	*p = v;						\
217 }							\
218 struct __hack
219 
220 #else /* !(_KERNEL && !SMP) */
221 
222 #define	ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)		\
223 static __inline u_##TYPE				\
224 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)		\
225 {							\
226 	u_##TYPE res;					\
227 							\
228 	__asm __volatile(MPLOCKED LOP			\
229 	: "=a" (res),			/* 0 */		\
230 	  "=m" (*p)			/* 1 */		\
231 	: "m" (*p)			/* 2 */		\
232 	: "memory");					\
233 							\
234 	return (res);					\
235 }							\
236 							\
237 /*							\
238  * The XCHG instruction asserts LOCK automagically.	\
239  */							\
240 static __inline void					\
241 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
242 {							\
243 	__asm __volatile(SOP				\
244 	: "=m" (*p),			/* 0 */		\
245 	  "+r" (v)			/* 1 */		\
246 	: "m" (*p));			/* 2 */		\
247 }							\
248 struct __hack
249 
250 #endif /* _KERNEL && !SMP */
251 
252 #endif /* KLD_MODULE || !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
253 
254 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     char,  "orb %b1,%0",  "iq",  v);
255 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b1,%0", "iq", ~v);
256 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     char,  "addb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
257 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
258 
259 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     short, "orw %w1,%0",  "ir",  v);
260 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w1,%0", "ir", ~v);
261 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     short, "addw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
262 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
263 
264 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     int,   "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
265 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
266 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     int,   "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
267 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
268 
269 ATOMIC_ASM(set,	     long,  "orq %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
270 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andq %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
271 ATOMIC_ASM(add,	     long,  "addq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
272 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
273 
274 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(char,	"cmpxchgb %b0,%1", "xchgb %b1,%0");
275 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(short,"cmpxchgw %w0,%1", "xchgw %w1,%0");
276 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(int,	"cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0");
277 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(long,	"cmpxchgq %0,%1",  "xchgq %1,%0");
278 
279 #undef ATOMIC_ASM
280 #undef ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD
281 
282 #ifndef WANT_FUNCTIONS
283 
284 /* Read the current value and store a zero in the destination. */
285 #ifdef __GNUCLIKE_ASM
286 
287 static __inline u_int
288 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr)
289 {
290 	u_int res;
291 
292 	res = 0;
293 	__asm __volatile(
294 	"	xchgl	%1,%0 ;		"
295 	"# atomic_readandclear_int"
296 	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
297 	  "=m" (*addr)			/* 1 */
298 	: "m" (*addr));
299 
300 	return (res);
301 }
302 
303 static __inline u_long
304 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr)
305 {
306 	u_long res;
307 
308 	res = 0;
309 	__asm __volatile(
310 	"	xchgq	%1,%0 ;		"
311 	"# atomic_readandclear_long"
312 	: "+r" (res),			/* 0 */
313 	  "=m" (*addr)			/* 1 */
314 	: "m" (*addr));
315 
316 	return (res);
317 }
318 
319 #else /* !__GNUCLIKE_ASM */
320 
321 u_int	atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr);
322 u_long	atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr);
323 
324 #endif /* __GNUCLIKE_ASM */
325 
326 /* Acquire and release variants are identical to the normal ones. */
327 #define	atomic_set_acq_char		atomic_set_char
328 #define	atomic_set_rel_char		atomic_set_char
329 #define	atomic_clear_acq_char		atomic_clear_char
330 #define	atomic_clear_rel_char		atomic_clear_char
331 #define	atomic_add_acq_char		atomic_add_char
332 #define	atomic_add_rel_char		atomic_add_char
333 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_char	atomic_subtract_char
334 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_char	atomic_subtract_char
335 
336 #define	atomic_set_acq_short		atomic_set_short
337 #define	atomic_set_rel_short		atomic_set_short
338 #define	atomic_clear_acq_short		atomic_clear_short
339 #define	atomic_clear_rel_short		atomic_clear_short
340 #define	atomic_add_acq_short		atomic_add_short
341 #define	atomic_add_rel_short		atomic_add_short
342 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_short	atomic_subtract_short
343 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_short	atomic_subtract_short
344 
345 #define	atomic_set_acq_int		atomic_set_int
346 #define	atomic_set_rel_int		atomic_set_int
347 #define	atomic_clear_acq_int		atomic_clear_int
348 #define	atomic_clear_rel_int		atomic_clear_int
349 #define	atomic_add_acq_int		atomic_add_int
350 #define	atomic_add_rel_int		atomic_add_int
351 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_int		atomic_subtract_int
352 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_int		atomic_subtract_int
353 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_int		atomic_cmpset_int
354 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_int		atomic_cmpset_int
355 
356 #define	atomic_set_acq_long		atomic_set_long
357 #define	atomic_set_rel_long		atomic_set_long
358 #define	atomic_clear_acq_long		atomic_clear_long
359 #define	atomic_clear_rel_long		atomic_clear_long
360 #define	atomic_add_acq_long		atomic_add_long
361 #define	atomic_add_rel_long		atomic_add_long
362 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_long	atomic_subtract_long
363 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_long	atomic_subtract_long
364 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_long		atomic_cmpset_long
365 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_long		atomic_cmpset_long
366 
367 /* Operations on 8-bit bytes. */
368 #define	atomic_set_8		atomic_set_char
369 #define	atomic_set_acq_8	atomic_set_acq_char
370 #define	atomic_set_rel_8	atomic_set_rel_char
371 #define	atomic_clear_8		atomic_clear_char
372 #define	atomic_clear_acq_8	atomic_clear_acq_char
373 #define	atomic_clear_rel_8	atomic_clear_rel_char
374 #define	atomic_add_8		atomic_add_char
375 #define	atomic_add_acq_8	atomic_add_acq_char
376 #define	atomic_add_rel_8	atomic_add_rel_char
377 #define	atomic_subtract_8	atomic_subtract_char
378 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_8	atomic_subtract_acq_char
379 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_8	atomic_subtract_rel_char
380 #define	atomic_load_acq_8	atomic_load_acq_char
381 #define	atomic_store_rel_8	atomic_store_rel_char
382 
383 /* Operations on 16-bit words. */
384 #define	atomic_set_16		atomic_set_short
385 #define	atomic_set_acq_16	atomic_set_acq_short
386 #define	atomic_set_rel_16	atomic_set_rel_short
387 #define	atomic_clear_16		atomic_clear_short
388 #define	atomic_clear_acq_16	atomic_clear_acq_short
389 #define	atomic_clear_rel_16	atomic_clear_rel_short
390 #define	atomic_add_16		atomic_add_short
391 #define	atomic_add_acq_16	atomic_add_acq_short
392 #define	atomic_add_rel_16	atomic_add_rel_short
393 #define	atomic_subtract_16	atomic_subtract_short
394 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_16	atomic_subtract_acq_short
395 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_16	atomic_subtract_rel_short
396 #define	atomic_load_acq_16	atomic_load_acq_short
397 #define	atomic_store_rel_16	atomic_store_rel_short
398 
399 /* Operations on 32-bit double words. */
400 #define	atomic_set_32		atomic_set_int
401 #define	atomic_set_acq_32	atomic_set_acq_int
402 #define	atomic_set_rel_32	atomic_set_rel_int
403 #define	atomic_clear_32		atomic_clear_int
404 #define	atomic_clear_acq_32	atomic_clear_acq_int
405 #define	atomic_clear_rel_32	atomic_clear_rel_int
406 #define	atomic_add_32		atomic_add_int
407 #define	atomic_add_acq_32	atomic_add_acq_int
408 #define	atomic_add_rel_32	atomic_add_rel_int
409 #define	atomic_subtract_32	atomic_subtract_int
410 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_32	atomic_subtract_acq_int
411 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_32	atomic_subtract_rel_int
412 #define	atomic_load_acq_32	atomic_load_acq_int
413 #define	atomic_store_rel_32	atomic_store_rel_int
414 #define	atomic_cmpset_32	atomic_cmpset_int
415 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_32	atomic_cmpset_acq_int
416 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_32	atomic_cmpset_rel_int
417 #define	atomic_readandclear_32	atomic_readandclear_int
418 #define	atomic_fetchadd_32	atomic_fetchadd_int
419 
420 /* Operations on 64-bit quad words. */
421 #define	atomic_set_64		atomic_set_long
422 #define	atomic_set_acq_64	atomic_set_acq_long
423 #define	atomic_set_rel_64	atomic_set_rel_long
424 #define	atomic_clear_64		atomic_clear_long
425 #define	atomic_clear_acq_64	atomic_clear_acq_long
426 #define	atomic_clear_rel_64	atomic_clear_rel_long
427 #define	atomic_add_64		atomic_add_long
428 #define	atomic_add_acq_64	atomic_add_acq_long
429 #define	atomic_add_rel_64	atomic_add_rel_long
430 #define	atomic_subtract_64	atomic_subtract_long
431 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_64	atomic_subtract_acq_long
432 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_64	atomic_subtract_rel_long
433 #define	atomic_load_acq_64	atomic_load_acq_long
434 #define	atomic_store_rel_64	atomic_store_rel_long
435 #define	atomic_cmpset_64	atomic_cmpset_long
436 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_64	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
437 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_64	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
438 #define	atomic_readandclear_64	atomic_readandclear_long
439 
440 /* Operations on pointers. */
441 #define	atomic_set_ptr		atomic_set_long
442 #define	atomic_set_acq_ptr	atomic_set_acq_long
443 #define	atomic_set_rel_ptr	atomic_set_rel_long
444 #define	atomic_clear_ptr	atomic_clear_long
445 #define	atomic_clear_acq_ptr	atomic_clear_acq_long
446 #define	atomic_clear_rel_ptr	atomic_clear_rel_long
447 #define	atomic_add_ptr		atomic_add_long
448 #define	atomic_add_acq_ptr	atomic_add_acq_long
449 #define	atomic_add_rel_ptr	atomic_add_rel_long
450 #define	atomic_subtract_ptr	atomic_subtract_long
451 #define	atomic_subtract_acq_ptr	atomic_subtract_acq_long
452 #define	atomic_subtract_rel_ptr	atomic_subtract_rel_long
453 #define	atomic_load_acq_ptr	atomic_load_acq_long
454 #define	atomic_store_rel_ptr	atomic_store_rel_long
455 #define	atomic_cmpset_ptr	atomic_cmpset_long
456 #define	atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr	atomic_cmpset_acq_long
457 #define	atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr	atomic_cmpset_rel_long
458 #define	atomic_readandclear_ptr	atomic_readandclear_long
459 
460 #endif /* !WANT_FUNCTIONS */
461 
462 #endif /* !_MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */
463