xref: /freebsd/sys/amd64/amd64/fpu.c (revision 23f282aa31e9b6fceacd449020e936e98d6f2298)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990 William Jolitz.
3  * Copyright (c) 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
15  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
16  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
17  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
18  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  *	from: @(#)npx.c	7.2 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
35  * $FreeBSD$
36  */
37 
38 #include "opt_debug_npx.h"
39 #include "opt_math_emulate.h"
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/systm.h>
43 #include <sys/bus.h>
44 #include <sys/kernel.h>
45 #include <sys/malloc.h>
46 #include <sys/module.h>
47 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <machine/bus.h>
50 #include <sys/rman.h>
51 #ifdef NPX_DEBUG
52 #include <sys/syslog.h>
53 #endif
54 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
55 
56 #ifndef SMP
57 #include <machine/asmacros.h>
58 #endif
59 #include <machine/cputypes.h>
60 #include <machine/frame.h>
61 #include <machine/ipl.h>
62 #include <machine/md_var.h>
63 #include <machine/pcb.h>
64 #include <machine/psl.h>
65 #ifndef SMP
66 #include <machine/clock.h>
67 #endif
68 #include <machine/resource.h>
69 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
70 #include <machine/segments.h>
71 
72 #ifndef SMP
73 #include <i386/isa/icu.h>
74 #include <i386/isa/intr_machdep.h>
75 #include <i386/isa/isa.h>
76 #endif
77 
78 /*
79  * 387 and 287 Numeric Coprocessor Extension (NPX) Driver.
80  */
81 
82 /* Configuration flags. */
83 #define	NPX_DISABLE_I586_OPTIMIZED_BCOPY	(1 << 0)
84 #define	NPX_DISABLE_I586_OPTIMIZED_BZERO	(1 << 1)
85 #define	NPX_DISABLE_I586_OPTIMIZED_COPYIO	(1 << 2)
86 #define	NPX_PREFER_EMULATOR			(1 << 3)
87 
88 #ifdef	__GNUC__
89 
90 #define	fldcw(addr)		__asm("fldcw %0" : : "m" (*(addr)))
91 #define	fnclex()		__asm("fnclex")
92 #define	fninit()		__asm("fninit")
93 #define	fnop()			__asm("fnop")
94 #define	fnsave(addr)		__asm __volatile("fnsave %0" : "=m" (*(addr)))
95 #define	fnstcw(addr)		__asm __volatile("fnstcw %0" : "=m" (*(addr)))
96 #define	fnstsw(addr)		__asm __volatile("fnstsw %0" : "=m" (*(addr)))
97 #define	fp_divide_by_0()	__asm("fldz; fld1; fdiv %st,%st(1); fnop")
98 #define	frstor(addr)		__asm("frstor %0" : : "m" (*(addr)))
99 #define	start_emulating()	__asm("smsw %%ax; orb %0,%%al; lmsw %%ax" \
100 				      : : "n" (CR0_TS) : "ax")
101 #define	stop_emulating()	__asm("clts")
102 
103 #else	/* not __GNUC__ */
104 
105 void	fldcw		__P((caddr_t addr));
106 void	fnclex		__P((void));
107 void	fninit		__P((void));
108 void	fnop		__P((void));
109 void	fnsave		__P((caddr_t addr));
110 void	fnstcw		__P((caddr_t addr));
111 void	fnstsw		__P((caddr_t addr));
112 void	fp_divide_by_0	__P((void));
113 void	frstor		__P((caddr_t addr));
114 void	start_emulating	__P((void));
115 void	stop_emulating	__P((void));
116 
117 #endif	/* __GNUC__ */
118 
119 typedef u_char bool_t;
120 
121 static	int	npx_attach	__P((device_t dev));
122 	void	npx_intr	__P((void *));
123 static	void	npx_identify	__P((driver_t *driver, device_t parent));
124 static	int	npx_probe	__P((device_t dev));
125 static	int	npx_probe1	__P((device_t dev));
126 #ifdef I586_CPU
127 static	long	timezero	__P((const char *funcname,
128 				     void (*func)(void *buf, size_t len)));
129 #endif /* I586_CPU */
130 
131 int	hw_float;		/* XXX currently just alias for npx_exists */
132 
133 SYSCTL_INT(_hw,HW_FLOATINGPT, floatingpoint,
134 	CTLFLAG_RD, &hw_float, 0,
135 	"Floatingpoint instructions executed in hardware");
136 
137 #ifndef SMP
138 static	u_int			npx0_imask = SWI_CLOCK_MASK;
139 static	struct gate_descriptor	npx_idt_probeintr;
140 static	int			npx_intrno;
141 static	volatile u_int		npx_intrs_while_probing;
142 static	volatile u_int		npx_traps_while_probing;
143 #endif
144 
145 static	bool_t			npx_ex16;
146 static	bool_t			npx_exists;
147 static	bool_t			npx_irq13;
148 static	int			npx_irq;	/* irq number */
149 
150 #ifndef SMP
151 /*
152  * Special interrupt handlers.  Someday intr0-intr15 will be used to count
153  * interrupts.  We'll still need a special exception 16 handler.  The busy
154  * latch stuff in probeintr() can be moved to npxprobe().
155  */
156 inthand_t probeintr;
157 __asm("								\n\
158 	.text							\n\
159 	.p2align 2,0x90						\n\
160 	.type	" __XSTRING(CNAME(probeintr)) ",@function	\n\
161 " __XSTRING(CNAME(probeintr)) ":				\n\
162 	ss							\n\
163 	incl	" __XSTRING(CNAME(npx_intrs_while_probing)) "	\n\
164 	pushl	%eax						\n\
165 	movb	$0x20,%al	# EOI (asm in strings loses cpp features) \n\
166 	outb	%al,$0xa0	# IO_ICU2			\n\
167 	outb	%al,$0x20	# IO_ICU1			\n\
168 	movb	$0,%al						\n\
169 	outb	%al,$0xf0	# clear BUSY# latch		\n\
170 	popl	%eax						\n\
171 	iret							\n\
172 ");
173 
174 inthand_t probetrap;
175 __asm("								\n\
176 	.text							\n\
177 	.p2align 2,0x90						\n\
178 	.type	" __XSTRING(CNAME(probetrap)) ",@function	\n\
179 " __XSTRING(CNAME(probetrap)) ":				\n\
180 	ss							\n\
181 	incl	" __XSTRING(CNAME(npx_traps_while_probing)) "	\n\
182 	fnclex							\n\
183 	iret							\n\
184 ");
185 #endif /* SMP */
186 
187 /*
188  * Identify routine.  Create a connection point on our parent for probing.
189  */
190 static void
191 npx_identify(driver, parent)
192 	driver_t *driver;
193 	device_t parent;
194 {
195 	device_t child;
196 
197 	child = BUS_ADD_CHILD(parent, 0, "npx", 0);
198 	if (child == NULL)
199 		panic("npx_identify");
200 }
201 
202 /*
203  * Probe routine.  Initialize cr0 to give correct behaviour for [f]wait
204  * whether the device exists or not (XXX should be elsewhere).  Set flags
205  * to tell npxattach() what to do.  Modify device struct if npx doesn't
206  * need to use interrupts.  Return 1 if device exists.
207  */
208 static int
209 npx_probe(dev)
210 	device_t dev;
211 {
212 #ifdef SMP
213 
214 	if (resource_int_value("npx", 0, "irq", &npx_irq) != 0)
215 		npx_irq = 13;
216 	return npx_probe1(dev);
217 
218 #else /* SMP */
219 
220 	int	result;
221 	u_long	save_eflags;
222 	u_char	save_icu1_mask;
223 	u_char	save_icu2_mask;
224 	struct	gate_descriptor save_idt_npxintr;
225 	struct	gate_descriptor save_idt_npxtrap;
226 	/*
227 	 * This routine is now just a wrapper for npxprobe1(), to install
228 	 * special npx interrupt and trap handlers, to enable npx interrupts
229 	 * and to disable other interrupts.  Someday isa_configure() will
230 	 * install suitable handlers and run with interrupts enabled so we
231 	 * won't need to do so much here.
232 	 */
233 	if (resource_int_value("npx", 0, "irq", &npx_irq) != 0)
234 		npx_irq = 13;
235 	npx_intrno = NRSVIDT + npx_irq;
236 	save_eflags = read_eflags();
237 	disable_intr();
238 	save_icu1_mask = inb(IO_ICU1 + 1);
239 	save_icu2_mask = inb(IO_ICU2 + 1);
240 	save_idt_npxintr = idt[npx_intrno];
241 	save_idt_npxtrap = idt[16];
242 	outb(IO_ICU1 + 1, ~IRQ_SLAVE);
243 	outb(IO_ICU2 + 1, ~(1 << (npx_irq - 8)));
244 	setidt(16, probetrap, SDT_SYS386TGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
245 	setidt(npx_intrno, probeintr, SDT_SYS386IGT, SEL_KPL, GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
246 	npx_idt_probeintr = idt[npx_intrno];
247 	enable_intr();
248 	result = npx_probe1(dev);
249 	disable_intr();
250 	outb(IO_ICU1 + 1, save_icu1_mask);
251 	outb(IO_ICU2 + 1, save_icu2_mask);
252 	idt[npx_intrno] = save_idt_npxintr;
253 	idt[16] = save_idt_npxtrap;
254 	write_eflags(save_eflags);
255 	return (result);
256 
257 #endif /* SMP */
258 }
259 
260 static int
261 npx_probe1(dev)
262 	device_t dev;
263 {
264 #ifndef SMP
265 	u_short control;
266 	u_short status;
267 #endif
268 
269 	/*
270 	 * Partially reset the coprocessor, if any.  Some BIOS's don't reset
271 	 * it after a warm boot.
272 	 */
273 	outb(0xf1, 0);		/* full reset on some systems, NOP on others */
274 	outb(0xf0, 0);		/* clear BUSY# latch */
275 	/*
276 	 * Prepare to trap all ESC (i.e., NPX) instructions and all WAIT
277 	 * instructions.  We must set the CR0_MP bit and use the CR0_TS
278 	 * bit to control the trap, because setting the CR0_EM bit does
279 	 * not cause WAIT instructions to trap.  It's important to trap
280 	 * WAIT instructions - otherwise the "wait" variants of no-wait
281 	 * control instructions would degenerate to the "no-wait" variants
282 	 * after FP context switches but work correctly otherwise.  It's
283 	 * particularly important to trap WAITs when there is no NPX -
284 	 * otherwise the "wait" variants would always degenerate.
285 	 *
286 	 * Try setting CR0_NE to get correct error reporting on 486DX's.
287 	 * Setting it should fail or do nothing on lesser processors.
288 	 */
289 	load_cr0(rcr0() | CR0_MP | CR0_NE);
290 	/*
291 	 * But don't trap while we're probing.
292 	 */
293 	stop_emulating();
294 	/*
295 	 * Finish resetting the coprocessor, if any.  If there is an error
296 	 * pending, then we may get a bogus IRQ13, but probeintr() will handle
297 	 * it OK.  Bogus halts have never been observed, but we enabled
298 	 * IRQ13 and cleared the BUSY# latch early to handle them anyway.
299 	 */
300 	fninit();
301 
302 #ifdef SMP
303 	/*
304 	 * Exception 16 MUST work for SMP.
305 	 */
306 	npx_irq13 = 0;
307 	npx_ex16 = hw_float = npx_exists = 1;
308 	device_set_desc(dev, "math processor");
309 	return (0);
310 
311 #else /* !SMP */
312 	device_set_desc(dev, "math processor");
313 
314 	/*
315 	 * Don't use fwait here because it might hang.
316 	 * Don't use fnop here because it usually hangs if there is no FPU.
317 	 */
318 	DELAY(1000);		/* wait for any IRQ13 */
319 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
320 	if (npx_intrs_while_probing != 0)
321 		printf("fninit caused %u bogus npx interrupt(s)\n",
322 		       npx_intrs_while_probing);
323 	if (npx_traps_while_probing != 0)
324 		printf("fninit caused %u bogus npx trap(s)\n",
325 		       npx_traps_while_probing);
326 #endif
327 	/*
328 	 * Check for a status of mostly zero.
329 	 */
330 	status = 0x5a5a;
331 	fnstsw(&status);
332 	if ((status & 0xb8ff) == 0) {
333 		/*
334 		 * Good, now check for a proper control word.
335 		 */
336 		control = 0x5a5a;
337 		fnstcw(&control);
338 		if ((control & 0x1f3f) == 0x033f) {
339 			hw_float = npx_exists = 1;
340 			/*
341 			 * We have an npx, now divide by 0 to see if exception
342 			 * 16 works.
343 			 */
344 			control &= ~(1 << 2);	/* enable divide by 0 trap */
345 			fldcw(&control);
346 			npx_traps_while_probing = npx_intrs_while_probing = 0;
347 			fp_divide_by_0();
348 			if (npx_traps_while_probing != 0) {
349 				/*
350 				 * Good, exception 16 works.
351 				 */
352 				npx_ex16 = 1;
353 				return (0);
354 			}
355 			if (npx_intrs_while_probing != 0) {
356 				int	rid;
357 				struct	resource *r;
358 				void	*intr;
359 				/*
360 				 * Bad, we are stuck with IRQ13.
361 				 */
362 				npx_irq13 = 1;
363 				/*
364 				 * npxattach would be too late to set npx0_imask
365 				 */
366 				npx0_imask |= (1 << npx_irq);
367 
368 				/*
369 				 * We allocate these resources permanently,
370 				 * so there is no need to keep track of them.
371 				 */
372 				rid = 0;
373 				r = bus_alloc_resource(dev, SYS_RES_IOPORT,
374 						       &rid, IO_NPX, IO_NPX,
375 						       IO_NPXSIZE, RF_ACTIVE);
376 				if (r == 0)
377 					panic("npx: can't get ports");
378 				rid = 0;
379 				r = bus_alloc_resource(dev, SYS_RES_IRQ,
380 						       &rid, npx_irq, npx_irq,
381 						       1, RF_ACTIVE);
382 				if (r == 0)
383 					panic("npx: can't get IRQ");
384 				BUS_SETUP_INTR(device_get_parent(dev),
385 					       dev, r, INTR_TYPE_MISC,
386 					       npx_intr, 0, &intr);
387 				if (intr == 0)
388 					panic("npx: can't create intr");
389 
390 				return (0);
391 			}
392 			/*
393 			 * Worse, even IRQ13 is broken.  Use emulator.
394 			 */
395 		}
396 	}
397 	/*
398 	 * Probe failed, but we want to get to npxattach to initialize the
399 	 * emulator and say that it has been installed.  XXX handle devices
400 	 * that aren't really devices better.
401 	 */
402 	return (0);
403 #endif /* SMP */
404 }
405 
406 /*
407  * Attach routine - announce which it is, and wire into system
408  */
409 int
410 npx_attach(dev)
411 	device_t dev;
412 {
413 	int flags;
414 
415 	if (resource_int_value("npx", 0, "flags", &flags) != 0)
416 		flags = 0;
417 
418 	if (flags)
419 		device_printf(dev, "flags 0x%x ", flags);
420 	if (npx_irq13) {
421 		device_printf(dev, "using IRQ 13 interface\n");
422 	} else {
423 #if defined(MATH_EMULATE) || defined(GPL_MATH_EMULATE)
424 		if (npx_ex16) {
425 			if (!(flags & NPX_PREFER_EMULATOR))
426 				device_printf(dev, "INT 16 interface\n");
427 			else {
428 				device_printf(dev, "FPU exists, but flags request "
429 				    "emulator\n");
430 				hw_float = npx_exists = 0;
431 			}
432 		} else if (npx_exists) {
433 			device_printf(dev, "error reporting broken; using 387 emulator\n");
434 			hw_float = npx_exists = 0;
435 		} else
436 			device_printf(dev, "387 emulator\n");
437 #else
438 		if (npx_ex16) {
439 			device_printf(dev, "INT 16 interface\n");
440 			if (flags & NPX_PREFER_EMULATOR) {
441 				device_printf(dev, "emulator requested, but none compiled "
442 				    "into kernel, using FPU\n");
443 			}
444 		} else
445 			device_printf(dev, "no 387 emulator in kernel and no FPU!\n");
446 #endif
447 	}
448 	npxinit(__INITIAL_NPXCW__);
449 
450 #ifdef I586_CPU
451 	if (cpu_class == CPUCLASS_586 && npx_ex16 && npx_exists &&
452 	    timezero("i586_bzero()", i586_bzero) <
453 	    timezero("bzero()", bzero) * 4 / 5) {
454 		if (!(flags & NPX_DISABLE_I586_OPTIMIZED_BCOPY)) {
455 			bcopy_vector = i586_bcopy;
456 			ovbcopy_vector = i586_bcopy;
457 		}
458 		if (!(flags & NPX_DISABLE_I586_OPTIMIZED_BZERO))
459 			bzero = i586_bzero;
460 		if (!(flags & NPX_DISABLE_I586_OPTIMIZED_COPYIO)) {
461 			copyin_vector = i586_copyin;
462 			copyout_vector = i586_copyout;
463 		}
464 	}
465 #endif
466 
467 	return (0);		/* XXX unused */
468 }
469 
470 /*
471  * Initialize floating point unit.
472  */
473 void
474 npxinit(control)
475 	u_short control;
476 {
477 	struct save87 dummy;
478 
479 	if (!npx_exists)
480 		return;
481 	/*
482 	 * fninit has the same h/w bugs as fnsave.  Use the detoxified
483 	 * fnsave to throw away any junk in the fpu.  npxsave() initializes
484 	 * the fpu and sets npxproc = NULL as important side effects.
485 	 */
486 	npxsave(&dummy);
487 	stop_emulating();
488 	fldcw(&control);
489 	if (curpcb != NULL)
490 		fnsave(&curpcb->pcb_savefpu);
491 	start_emulating();
492 }
493 
494 /*
495  * Free coprocessor (if we have it).
496  */
497 void
498 npxexit(p)
499 	struct proc *p;
500 {
501 
502 	if (p == npxproc)
503 		npxsave(&curpcb->pcb_savefpu);
504 #ifdef NPX_DEBUG
505 	if (npx_exists) {
506 		u_int	masked_exceptions;
507 
508 		masked_exceptions = curpcb->pcb_savefpu.sv_env.en_cw
509 				    & curpcb->pcb_savefpu.sv_env.en_sw & 0x7f;
510 		/*
511 		 * Log exceptions that would have trapped with the old
512 		 * control word (overflow, divide by 0, and invalid operand).
513 		 */
514 		if (masked_exceptions & 0x0d)
515 			log(LOG_ERR,
516 	"pid %d (%s) exited with masked floating point exceptions 0x%02x\n",
517 			    p->p_pid, p->p_comm, masked_exceptions);
518 	}
519 #endif
520 }
521 
522 /*
523  * The following mechanism is used to ensure that the FPE_... value
524  * that is passed as a trapcode to the signal handler of the user
525  * process does not have more than one bit set.
526  *
527  * Multiple bits may be set if the user process modifies the control
528  * word while a status word bit is already set.  While this is a sign
529  * of bad coding, we have no choise than to narrow them down to one
530  * bit, since we must not send a trapcode that is not exactly one of
531  * the FPE_ macros.
532  *
533  * The mechanism has a static table with 127 entries.  Each combination
534  * of the 7 FPU status word exception bits directly translates to a
535  * position in this table, where a single FPE_... value is stored.
536  * This FPE_... value stored there is considered the "most important"
537  * of the exception bits and will be sent as the signal code.  The
538  * precedence of the bits is based upon Intel Document "Numerical
539  * Applications", Chapter "Special Computational Situations".
540  *
541  * The macro to choose one of these values does these steps: 1) Throw
542  * away status word bits that cannot be masked.  2) Throw away the bits
543  * currently masked in the control word, assuming the user isn't
544  * interested in them anymore.  3) Reinsert status word bit 7 (stack
545  * fault) if it is set, which cannot be masked but must be presered.
546  * 4) Use the remaining bits to point into the trapcode table.
547  *
548  * The 6 maskable bits in order of their preference, as stated in the
549  * above referenced Intel manual:
550  * 1  Invalid operation (FP_X_INV)
551  * 1a   Stack underflow
552  * 1b   Stack overflow
553  * 1c   Operand of unsupported format
554  * 1d   SNaN operand.
555  * 2  QNaN operand (not an exception, irrelavant here)
556  * 3  Any other invalid-operation not mentioned above or zero divide
557  *      (FP_X_INV, FP_X_DZ)
558  * 4  Denormal operand (FP_X_DNML)
559  * 5  Numeric over/underflow (FP_X_OFL, FP_X_UFL)
560  * 6  Inexact result (FP_X_IMP)
561  */
562 static char fpetable[128] = {
563 	0,
564 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  1 - INV */
565 	FPE_FLTUND,	/*  2 - DNML */
566 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  3 - INV | DNML */
567 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/*  4 - DZ */
568 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  5 - INV | DZ */
569 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/*  6 - DNML | DZ */
570 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  7 - INV | DNML | DZ */
571 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/*  8 - OFL */
572 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  9 - INV | OFL */
573 	FPE_FLTUND,	/*  A - DNML | OFL */
574 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  B - INV | DNML | OFL */
575 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/*  C - DZ | OFL */
576 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  D - INV | DZ | OFL */
577 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/*  E - DNML | DZ | OFL */
578 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL */
579 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 10 - UFL */
580 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 11 - INV | UFL */
581 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 12 - DNML | UFL */
582 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 13 - INV | DNML | UFL */
583 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 14 - DZ | UFL */
584 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 15 - INV | DZ | UFL */
585 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 16 - DNML | DZ | UFL */
586 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 17 - INV | DNML | DZ | UFL */
587 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 18 - OFL | UFL */
588 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 19 - INV | OFL | UFL */
589 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 1A - DNML | OFL | UFL */
590 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 1B - INV | DNML | OFL | UFL */
591 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 1C - DZ | OFL | UFL */
592 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 1D - INV | DZ | OFL | UFL */
593 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 1E - DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL */
594 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 1F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL */
595 	FPE_FLTRES,	/* 20 - IMP */
596 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 21 - INV | IMP */
597 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 22 - DNML | IMP */
598 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 23 - INV | DNML | IMP */
599 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 24 - DZ | IMP */
600 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 25 - INV | DZ | IMP */
601 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 26 - DNML | DZ | IMP */
602 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 27 - INV | DNML | DZ | IMP */
603 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 28 - OFL | IMP */
604 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 29 - INV | OFL | IMP */
605 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 2A - DNML | OFL | IMP */
606 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 2B - INV | DNML | OFL | IMP */
607 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 2C - DZ | OFL | IMP */
608 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 2D - INV | DZ | OFL | IMP */
609 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 2E - DNML | DZ | OFL | IMP */
610 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 2F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | IMP */
611 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 30 - UFL | IMP */
612 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 31 - INV | UFL | IMP */
613 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 32 - DNML | UFL | IMP */
614 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 33 - INV | DNML | UFL | IMP */
615 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 34 - DZ | UFL | IMP */
616 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 35 - INV | DZ | UFL | IMP */
617 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 36 - DNML | DZ | UFL | IMP */
618 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 37 - INV | DNML | DZ | UFL | IMP */
619 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 38 - OFL | UFL | IMP */
620 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 39 - INV | OFL | UFL | IMP */
621 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 3A - DNML | OFL | UFL | IMP */
622 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 3B - INV | DNML | OFL | UFL | IMP */
623 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 3C - DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP */
624 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 3D - INV | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP */
625 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 3E - DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP */
626 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 3F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP */
627 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 40 - STK */
628 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 41 - INV | STK */
629 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 42 - DNML | STK */
630 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 43 - INV | DNML | STK */
631 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 44 - DZ | STK */
632 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 45 - INV | DZ | STK */
633 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 46 - DNML | DZ | STK */
634 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 47 - INV | DNML | DZ | STK */
635 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 48 - OFL | STK */
636 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 49 - INV | OFL | STK */
637 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 4A - DNML | OFL | STK */
638 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 4B - INV | DNML | OFL | STK */
639 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 4C - DZ | OFL | STK */
640 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 4D - INV | DZ | OFL | STK */
641 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 4E - DNML | DZ | OFL | STK */
642 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 4F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | STK */
643 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 50 - UFL | STK */
644 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 51 - INV | UFL | STK */
645 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 52 - DNML | UFL | STK */
646 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 53 - INV | DNML | UFL | STK */
647 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 54 - DZ | UFL | STK */
648 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 55 - INV | DZ | UFL | STK */
649 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 56 - DNML | DZ | UFL | STK */
650 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 57 - INV | DNML | DZ | UFL | STK */
651 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 58 - OFL | UFL | STK */
652 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 59 - INV | OFL | UFL | STK */
653 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 5A - DNML | OFL | UFL | STK */
654 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 5B - INV | DNML | OFL | UFL | STK */
655 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 5C - DZ | OFL | UFL | STK */
656 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 5D - INV | DZ | OFL | UFL | STK */
657 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 5E - DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | STK */
658 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 5F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | STK */
659 	FPE_FLTRES,	/* 60 - IMP | STK */
660 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 61 - INV | IMP | STK */
661 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 62 - DNML | IMP | STK */
662 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 63 - INV | DNML | IMP | STK */
663 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 64 - DZ | IMP | STK */
664 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 65 - INV | DZ | IMP | STK */
665 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 66 - DNML | DZ | IMP | STK */
666 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 67 - INV | DNML | DZ | IMP | STK */
667 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 68 - OFL | IMP | STK */
668 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 69 - INV | OFL | IMP | STK */
669 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 6A - DNML | OFL | IMP | STK */
670 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 6B - INV | DNML | OFL | IMP | STK */
671 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 6C - DZ | OFL | IMP | STK */
672 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 6D - INV | DZ | OFL | IMP | STK */
673 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 6E - DNML | DZ | OFL | IMP | STK */
674 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 6F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | IMP | STK */
675 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 70 - UFL | IMP | STK */
676 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 71 - INV | UFL | IMP | STK */
677 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 72 - DNML | UFL | IMP | STK */
678 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 73 - INV | DNML | UFL | IMP | STK */
679 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 74 - DZ | UFL | IMP | STK */
680 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 75 - INV | DZ | UFL | IMP | STK */
681 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 76 - DNML | DZ | UFL | IMP | STK */
682 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 77 - INV | DNML | DZ | UFL | IMP | STK */
683 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 78 - OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
684 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 79 - INV | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
685 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 7A - DNML | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
686 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 7B - INV | DNML | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
687 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 7C - DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
688 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 7D - INV | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
689 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 7E - DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
690 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 7F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
691 };
692 
693 /*
694  * Preserve the FP status word, clear FP exceptions, then generate a SIGFPE.
695  *
696  * Clearing exceptions is necessary mainly to avoid IRQ13 bugs.  We now
697  * depend on longjmp() restoring a usable state.  Restoring the state
698  * or examining it might fail if we didn't clear exceptions.
699  *
700  * The error code chosen will be one of the FPE_... macros. It will be
701  * sent as the second argument to old BSD-style signal handlers and as
702  * "siginfo_t->si_code" (second argument) to SA_SIGINFO signal handlers.
703  *
704  * XXX the FP state is not preserved across signal handlers.  So signal
705  * handlers cannot afford to do FP unless they preserve the state or
706  * longjmp() out.  Both preserving the state and longjmp()ing may be
707  * destroyed by IRQ13 bugs.  Clearing FP exceptions is not an acceptable
708  * solution for signals other than SIGFPE.
709  */
710 void
711 npx_intr(dummy)
712 	void *dummy;
713 {
714 	int code;
715 	u_short control;
716 	struct intrframe *frame;
717 
718 	if (npxproc == NULL || !npx_exists) {
719 		printf("npxintr: npxproc = %p, curproc = %p, npx_exists = %d\n",
720 		       npxproc, curproc, npx_exists);
721 		panic("npxintr from nowhere");
722 	}
723 	if (npxproc != curproc) {
724 		printf("npxintr: npxproc = %p, curproc = %p, npx_exists = %d\n",
725 		       npxproc, curproc, npx_exists);
726 		panic("npxintr from non-current process");
727 	}
728 
729 	outb(0xf0, 0);
730 	fnstsw(&curpcb->pcb_savefpu.sv_ex_sw);
731 	fnstcw(&control);
732 	fnclex();
733 
734 	/*
735 	 * Pass exception to process.
736 	 */
737 	frame = (struct intrframe *)&dummy;	/* XXX */
738 	if ((ISPL(frame->if_cs) == SEL_UPL) || (frame->if_eflags & PSL_VM)) {
739 		/*
740 		 * Interrupt is essentially a trap, so we can afford to call
741 		 * the SIGFPE handler (if any) as soon as the interrupt
742 		 * returns.
743 		 *
744 		 * XXX little or nothing is gained from this, and plenty is
745 		 * lost - the interrupt frame has to contain the trap frame
746 		 * (this is otherwise only necessary for the rescheduling trap
747 		 * in doreti, and the frame for that could easily be set up
748 		 * just before it is used).
749 		 */
750 		curproc->p_md.md_regs = INTR_TO_TRAPFRAME(frame);
751 		/*
752 		 * Encode the appropriate code for detailed information on
753 		 * this exception.
754 		 */
755 		code =
756 		    fpetable[(curpcb->pcb_savefpu.sv_ex_sw & ~control & 0x3f) |
757 			(curpcb->pcb_savefpu.sv_ex_sw & 0x40)];
758 		trapsignal(curproc, SIGFPE, code);
759 	} else {
760 		/*
761 		 * Nested interrupt.  These losers occur when:
762 		 *	o an IRQ13 is bogusly generated at a bogus time, e.g.:
763 		 *		o immediately after an fnsave or frstor of an
764 		 *		  error state.
765 		 *		o a couple of 386 instructions after
766 		 *		  "fstpl _memvar" causes a stack overflow.
767 		 *	  These are especially nasty when combined with a
768 		 *	  trace trap.
769 		 *	o an IRQ13 occurs at the same time as another higher-
770 		 *	  priority interrupt.
771 		 *
772 		 * Treat them like a true async interrupt.
773 		 */
774 		psignal(curproc, SIGFPE);
775 	}
776 }
777 
778 /*
779  * Implement device not available (DNA) exception
780  *
781  * It would be better to switch FP context here (if curproc != npxproc)
782  * and not necessarily for every context switch, but it is too hard to
783  * access foreign pcb's.
784  */
785 int
786 npxdna()
787 {
788 	if (!npx_exists)
789 		return (0);
790 	if (npxproc != NULL) {
791 		printf("npxdna: npxproc = %p, curproc = %p\n",
792 		       npxproc, curproc);
793 		panic("npxdna");
794 	}
795 	stop_emulating();
796 	/*
797 	 * Record new context early in case frstor causes an IRQ13.
798 	 */
799 	npxproc = curproc;
800 	curpcb->pcb_savefpu.sv_ex_sw = 0;
801 	/*
802 	 * The following frstor may cause an IRQ13 when the state being
803 	 * restored has a pending error.  The error will appear to have been
804 	 * triggered by the current (npx) user instruction even when that
805 	 * instruction is a no-wait instruction that should not trigger an
806 	 * error (e.g., fnclex).  On at least one 486 system all of the
807 	 * no-wait instructions are broken the same as frstor, so our
808 	 * treatment does not amplify the breakage.  On at least one
809 	 * 386/Cyrix 387 system, fnclex works correctly while frstor and
810 	 * fnsave are broken, so our treatment breaks fnclex if it is the
811 	 * first FPU instruction after a context switch.
812 	 */
813 	frstor(&curpcb->pcb_savefpu);
814 
815 	return (1);
816 }
817 
818 /*
819  * Wrapper for fnsave instruction to handle h/w bugs.  If there is an error
820  * pending, then fnsave generates a bogus IRQ13 on some systems.  Force
821  * any IRQ13 to be handled immediately, and then ignore it.  This routine is
822  * often called at splhigh so it must not use many system services.  In
823  * particular, it's much easier to install a special handler than to
824  * guarantee that it's safe to use npxintr() and its supporting code.
825  */
826 void
827 npxsave(addr)
828 	struct save87 *addr;
829 {
830 #ifdef SMP
831 
832 	stop_emulating();
833 	fnsave(addr);
834 	/* fnop(); */
835 	start_emulating();
836 	npxproc = NULL;
837 
838 #else /* SMP */
839 
840 	u_char	icu1_mask;
841 	u_char	icu2_mask;
842 	u_char	old_icu1_mask;
843 	u_char	old_icu2_mask;
844 	struct gate_descriptor	save_idt_npxintr;
845 
846 	disable_intr();
847 	old_icu1_mask = inb(IO_ICU1 + 1);
848 	old_icu2_mask = inb(IO_ICU2 + 1);
849 	save_idt_npxintr = idt[npx_intrno];
850 	outb(IO_ICU1 + 1, old_icu1_mask & ~(IRQ_SLAVE | npx0_imask));
851 	outb(IO_ICU2 + 1, old_icu2_mask & ~(npx0_imask >> 8));
852 	idt[npx_intrno] = npx_idt_probeintr;
853 	enable_intr();
854 	stop_emulating();
855 	fnsave(addr);
856 	fnop();
857 	start_emulating();
858 	npxproc = NULL;
859 	disable_intr();
860 	icu1_mask = inb(IO_ICU1 + 1);	/* masks may have changed */
861 	icu2_mask = inb(IO_ICU2 + 1);
862 	outb(IO_ICU1 + 1,
863 	     (icu1_mask & ~npx0_imask) | (old_icu1_mask & npx0_imask));
864 	outb(IO_ICU2 + 1,
865 	     (icu2_mask & ~(npx0_imask >> 8))
866 	     | (old_icu2_mask & (npx0_imask >> 8)));
867 	idt[npx_intrno] = save_idt_npxintr;
868 	enable_intr();		/* back to usual state */
869 
870 #endif /* SMP */
871 }
872 
873 #ifdef I586_CPU
874 static long
875 timezero(funcname, func)
876 	const char *funcname;
877 	void (*func) __P((void *buf, size_t len));
878 
879 {
880 	void *buf;
881 #define	BUFSIZE		1000000
882 	long usec;
883 	struct timeval finish, start;
884 
885 	buf = malloc(BUFSIZE, M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
886 	if (buf == NULL)
887 		return (BUFSIZE);
888 	microtime(&start);
889 	(*func)(buf, BUFSIZE);
890 	microtime(&finish);
891 	usec = 1000000 * (finish.tv_sec - start.tv_sec) +
892 	    finish.tv_usec - start.tv_usec;
893 	if (usec <= 0)
894 		usec = 1;
895 	if (bootverbose)
896 		printf("%s bandwidth = %ld bytes/sec\n",
897 		    funcname, (long)(BUFSIZE * (int64_t)1000000 / usec));
898 	free(buf, M_TEMP);
899 	return (usec);
900 }
901 #endif /* I586_CPU */
902 
903 static device_method_t npx_methods[] = {
904 	/* Device interface */
905 	DEVMETHOD(device_identify,	npx_identify),
906 	DEVMETHOD(device_probe,		npx_probe),
907 	DEVMETHOD(device_attach,	npx_attach),
908 	DEVMETHOD(device_detach,	bus_generic_detach),
909 	DEVMETHOD(device_shutdown,	bus_generic_shutdown),
910 	DEVMETHOD(device_suspend,	bus_generic_suspend),
911 	DEVMETHOD(device_resume,	bus_generic_resume),
912 
913 	{ 0, 0 }
914 };
915 
916 static driver_t npx_driver = {
917 	"npx",
918 	npx_methods,
919 	1,			/* no softc */
920 };
921 
922 static devclass_t npx_devclass;
923 
924 /*
925  * We prefer to attach to the root nexus so that the usual case (exception 16)
926  * doesn't describe the processor as being `on isa'.
927  */
928 DRIVER_MODULE(npx, nexus, npx_driver, npx_devclass, 0, 0);
929