xref: /freebsd/stand/i386/zfsboot/zfsldr.S (revision 59c8e88e72633afbc47a4ace0d2170d00d51f7dc)
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
3 * All rights reserved.
4 *
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are freely
6 * permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this
7 * paragraph and the following disclaimer are duplicated in all
8 * such forms.
9 *
10 * This software is provided "AS IS" and without any express or
11 * implied warranties, including, without limitation, the implied
12 * warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular
13 * purpose.
14 */
15
16/* Memory Locations */
17		.set MEM_ARG,0x900		# Arguments
18		.set MEM_ORG,0x7c00		# Origin
19		.set MEM_BUF,0x8000		# Load area
20		.set MEM_BTX,0x9000		# BTX start
21		.set MEM_JMP,0x9010		# BTX entry point
22		.set MEM_USR,0xa000		# Client start
23		.set BDA_BOOT,0x472		# Boot howto flag
24
25/* Partition Constants */
26		.set PRT_OFF,0x1be		# Partition offset
27		.set PRT_NUM,0x4		# Partitions
28		.set PRT_BSD,0xa5		# Partition type
29
30/* Misc. Constants */
31		.set SIZ_PAG,0x1000		# Page size
32		.set SIZ_SEC,0x200		# Sector size
33		.set COPY_BLKS,0x8		# Number of blocks
34						# to copy for boot2 (<= 15)
35		.set COPY_BLK_SZ,0x8000		# Copy in 32k blocks; must be
36						# a multiple of 16 bytes
37		.set NSECT,(COPY_BLK_SZ / SIZ_SEC * COPY_BLKS)
38		.globl start
39		.code16
40
41/*
42 * Load the rest of zfsboot2 and BTX up, copy the parts to the right locations,
43 * and start it all up.
44 */
45
46/*
47 * Setup the segment registers to flat addressing (segment 0) and setup the
48 * stack to end just below the start of our code.
49 */
50start:		cld				# String ops inc
51		xor %cx,%cx			# Zero
52		mov %cx,%es			# Address
53		mov %cx,%ds			#  data
54		mov %cx,%ss			# Set up
55		mov $start,%sp			#  stack
56/*
57 * Load the MBR and look for the first FreeBSD slice.  We use the fake
58 * partition entry below that points to the MBR when we call read.
59 * The first pass looks for the first active FreeBSD slice.  The
60 * second pass looks for the first non-active FreeBSD slice if the
61 * first one fails.
62 */
63		call check_edd		 	# Make sure EDD works
64		mov $part4,%si			# Dummy partition
65		xor %eax,%eax			# Read MBR
66		movl $MEM_BUF,%ebx		#  from first
67		call read			#  sector
68		mov $0x1,%cx	 		# Two passes
69main.1: 	mov $MEM_BUF+PRT_OFF,%si	# Partition table
70		movb $0x1,%dh			# Partition
71main.2: 	cmpb $PRT_BSD,0x4(%si)		# Our partition type?
72		jne main.3			# No
73		jcxz main.5			# If second pass
74		testb $0x80,(%si)		# Active?
75		jnz main.5			# Yes
76main.3: 	add $0x10,%si	 		# Next entry
77		incb %dh			# Partition
78		cmpb $0x1+PRT_NUM,%dh		# In table?
79		jb main.2			# Yes
80		dec %cx				# Do two
81		jcxz main.1			#  passes
82/*
83 * If we get here, we didn't find any FreeBSD slices at all, so print an
84 * error message and die.
85 */
86		mov $msg_part,%si		# Message
87		jmp error			# Error
88
89/*
90 * Ok, we have a slice and drive in %dx now, so use that to locate and
91 * load boot2.  %si references the start of the slice we are looking
92 * for, so go ahead and load up the COPY_BLKS*COPY_BLK_SZ/SIZ_SEC sectors
93 * starting at sector 1024 (i.e. after the two vdev labels).  We don't
94 * have do anything fancy here to allow for an extra copy of boot1 and
95 * a partition table (compare to this section of the UFS bootstrap) so we
96 * just load it all at 0x9000. The first part of boot2 is BTX, which wants
97 * to run at 0x9000. The boot2.bin binary starts right after the end of BTX,
98 * so we have to figure out where the start of it is and then move the
99 * binary to 0xc000.  Normally, BTX clients start at MEM_USR, or 0xa000,
100 * but when we use btxld to create zfsboot2, we use an entry point of
101 * 0x2000.  That entry point is relative to MEM_USR; thus boot2.bin
102 * starts at 0xc000.
103 *
104 * The load area and the target area for the client overlap so we have
105 * to use a decrementing string move. We also play segment register
106 * games with the destination address for the move so that the client
107 * can be larger than 16k (which would overflow the zero segment since
108 * the client starts at 0xc000).
109 */
110main.5: 	mov %dx,MEM_ARG			# Save args
111		mov $NSECT,%cx			# Sector count
112		movl $1024,%eax			# Offset to boot2
113		mov $MEM_BTX,%ebx		# Destination buffer
114main.6:		pushal				# Save params
115		call read			# Read disk
116		popal				# Restore
117		incl %eax			# Advance to
118		add $SIZ_SEC,%ebx		#  next sector
119		loop main.6			# If not last, read another
120
121		mov $MEM_BTX,%bx		# BTX
122		mov 0xa(%bx),%si		# Get BTX length and set
123		add %bx,%si			#  %si to start of boot2
124		dec %si				# Set %ds:%si to point at the
125		mov %si,%ax			# last byte we want to copy
126		shr $4,%ax			# from boot2, with %si made as
127		add $(COPY_BLKS*COPY_BLK_SZ/16),%ax	# small as possible.
128		and $0xf,%si			#
129		mov %ax,%ds			#
130		mov $(MEM_USR+2*SIZ_PAG)/16,%ax # Set %es:(-1) to point at
131		add $(COPY_BLKS*COPY_BLK_SZ/16),%ax	# the last byte we
132		mov %ax,%es			# want to copy boot2 into.
133		mov $COPY_BLKS,%bx		# Copy COPY_BLKS 32k blocks
134copyloop:
135		add $COPY_BLK_SZ,%si		# Adjust %ds:%si to point at
136		mov %ds,%ax			# the end of the next 32k to
137		sub $COPY_BLK_SZ/16,%ax		# copy from boot2
138		mov %ax,%ds
139		mov $COPY_BLK_SZ-1,%di		# Adjust %es:%di to point at
140		mov %es,%ax			# the end of the next 32k into
141		sub $COPY_BLK_SZ/16,%ax		# which we want boot2 copied
142		mov %ax,%es
143		mov $COPY_BLK_SZ,%cx		# Copy 32k
144		std
145		rep movsb
146		dec %bx
147		jnz copyloop
148		mov %cx,%ds			# Reset %ds and %es
149		mov %cx,%es
150		cld				# Back to increment
151
152/*
153 * Enable A20 so we can access memory above 1 meg.
154 * Use the zero-valued %cx as a timeout for embedded hardware which do not
155 * have a keyboard controller.
156 */
157seta20: 	cli				# Disable interrupts
158seta20.1:	dec %cx				# Timeout?
159		jz seta20.3			# Yes
160		inb $0x64,%al			# Get status
161		testb $0x2,%al			# Busy?
162		jnz seta20.1			# Yes
163		movb $0xd1,%al			# Command: Write
164		outb %al,$0x64			#  output port
165seta20.2:	inb $0x64,%al			# Get status
166		testb $0x2,%al			# Busy?
167		jnz seta20.2			# Yes
168		movb $0xdf,%al			# Enable
169		outb %al,$0x60			#  A20
170seta20.3:	sti				# Enable interrupts
171
172		jmp start+MEM_JMP-MEM_ORG	# Start BTX
173
174
175/*
176 * Read a sector from the disk.  Sets up an EDD packet on the stack
177 * and passes it to read.  We assume that the destination address is
178 * always segment-aligned.
179 *
180 * %eax		- int     - LBA to read in relative to partition start
181 * %ebx		- ptr	  - destination address
182 * %dl		- byte    - drive to read from
183 * %si		- ptr     - MBR partition entry
184 */
185read:		xor %ecx,%ecx			# Get
186		addl 0x8(%si),%eax		#  LBA
187		adc $0,%ecx
188		pushl %ecx			# Starting absolute block
189		pushl %eax			#  block number
190		shr $4,%ebx			# Convert to segment
191		push %bx			# Address of
192		push $0				#  transfer buffer
193		push $0x1			# Read 1 sector
194		push $0x10			# Size of packet
195		mov %sp,%si			# Packet pointer
196		mov $0x42,%ah			# BIOS: Extended
197		int $0x13			#  read
198		jc read.1			# If error, fail
199		lea 0x10(%si),%sp		# Clear stack
200		ret				# If success, return
201read.1:		mov %ah,%al			# Format
202		mov $read_err,%di		#  error
203		call hex8			#  code
204		mov $msg_read,%si		# Set the error message and
205						#  fall through to the error
206						#  routine
207/*
208 * Print out the error message pointed to by %ds:(%si) followed
209 * by a prompt, wait for a keypress, and then reboot the machine.
210 */
211error:		callw putstr			# Display message
212		mov $prompt,%si			# Display
213		callw putstr			#  prompt
214		xorb %ah,%ah			# BIOS: Get
215		int $0x16			#  keypress
216		movw $0x1234, BDA_BOOT		# Do a warm boot
217		ljmp $0xffff,$0x0		# reboot the machine
218/*
219 * Display a null-terminated string using the BIOS output.
220 */
221putstr.0:	mov $0x7,%bx	 		# Page:attribute
222		movb $0xe,%ah			# BIOS: Display
223		int $0x10			#  character
224putstr: 	lodsb				# Get char
225		testb %al,%al			# End of string?
226		jne putstr.0			# No
227		ret				# To caller
228/*
229 * Check to see if the disk supports EDD.  zfsboot requires EDD and does not
230 * support older C/H/S disk I/O.
231 */
232check_edd:	cmpb $0x80,%dl			# Hard drive?
233		jb check_edd.1 			# No, fail to boot
234		mov $0x55aa,%bx			# Magic
235		push %dx			# Save
236		movb $0x41,%ah			# BIOS: Check
237		int $0x13			#  extensions present
238		pop %dx				# Restore
239		jc check_edd.1			# If error, fail
240		cmp $0xaa55,%bx			# Magic?
241		jne check_edd.1			# No, so fail
242		testb $0x1,%cl			# Packet interface?
243		jz check_edd.1			# No, so fail
244		ret				# EDD ok, keep booting
245check_edd.1:	mov $msg_chs,%si		# Warn that CHS is
246		jmp error			#  unsupported and fail
247/*
248 * AL to hex, saving the result to [EDI].
249 */
250hex8:		push %ax			# Save
251		shrb $0x4,%al			# Do upper
252		call hex8.1			#  4
253		pop %ax				# Restore
254hex8.1: 	andb $0xf,%al			# Get lower 4
255		cmpb $0xa,%al			# Convert
256		sbbb $0x69,%al			#  to hex
257		das				#  digit
258		orb $0x20,%al			# To lower case
259		stosb				# Save char
260		ret				# (Recursive)
261
262/* Messages */
263
264msg_chs:	.asciz "CHS not supported"
265msg_read:	.ascii "Read error: "
266read_err:	.asciz "XX"
267msg_part:	.asciz "Boot error"
268
269prompt: 	.asciz "\r\n"
270
271		.org PRT_OFF,0x90
272
273/* Partition table */
274
275		.fill 0x30,0x1,0x0
276part4:		.byte 0x80, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00
277		.byte 0xa5, 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff
278		.byte 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
279		.byte 0x50, 0xc3, 0x00, 0x00	# 50000 sectors long, bleh
280
281		.word 0xaa55			# Magic number
282