xref: /freebsd/stand/i386/pxeldr/pxeldr.S (revision f81cdf24ba5436367377f7c8e8f51f6df2a75ca7)
1/*
2 * Copyright (c) 2000 John Baldwin
3 *
4 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6 * are met:
7 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12 *
13 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23 * SUCH DAMAGE.
24 */
25
26/*
27 * This simple program is a preloader for the normal boot3 loader.  It is simply
28 * prepended to the beginning of a fully built and btxld'd loader.  It then
29 * copies the loader to the address boot2 normally loads it, emulates the
30 * boot[12] environment (protected mode, a bootinfo struct, etc.), and then jumps
31 * to the start of btxldr to start the boot process.  This method allows a stock
32 * /boot/loader to be booted over the network via PXE w/o having to write a
33 * separate PXE-aware client just to load the loader.
34 */
35
36#include <sys/reboot.h>
37#include <bootargs.h>
38
39/*
40 * Memory locations.
41 */
42		.set MEM_PAGE_SIZE,0x1000	# memory page size, 4k
43		.set MEM_ARG,0x900		# Arguments at start
44		.set MEM_ARG_BTX,0xa100		# Where we move them to so the
45						#  BTX client can see them
46		.set MEM_ARG_SIZE,0x18		# Size of the arguments
47		.set MEM_BTX_ADDRESS,0x9000	# where BTX lives
48		.set MEM_BTX_ENTRY,0x9010	# where BTX starts to execute
49		.set MEM_BTX_OFFSET,MEM_PAGE_SIZE # offset of BTX in the loader
50		.set MEM_BTX_CLIENT,0xa000	# where BTX clients live
51		.set MEM_BIOS_KEYBOARD,0x496	# BDA byte with keyboard bit
52/*
53 * a.out header fields
54 */
55		.set AOUT_TEXT,0x04		# text segment size
56		.set AOUT_DATA,0x08		# data segment size
57		.set AOUT_BSS,0x0c		# zero'd BSS size
58		.set AOUT_SYMBOLS,0x10		# symbol table
59		.set AOUT_ENTRY,0x14		# entry point
60		.set AOUT_HEADER,MEM_PAGE_SIZE	# size of the a.out header
61/*
62 * Segment selectors.
63 */
64		.set SEL_SDATA,0x8		# Supervisor data
65		.set SEL_RDATA,0x10		# Real mode data
66		.set SEL_SCODE,0x18		# PM-32 code
67		.set SEL_SCODE16,0x20		# PM-16 code
68/*
69 * BTX constants
70 */
71		.set INT_SYS,0x30		# BTX syscall interrupt
72/*
73 * Bit in MEM_BIOS_KEYBOARD that is set if an enhanced keyboard is present
74 */
75		.set KEYBOARD_BIT,0x10
76/*
77 * We expect to be loaded by the BIOS at 0x7c00 (standard boot loader entry
78 * point)
79 */
80		.code16
81		.globl start
82		.org 0x0, 0x0
83/*
84 * BTX program loader for PXE network booting
85 */
86start:		cld				# string ops inc
87		xorw %ax, %ax			# zero %ax
88		movw %ax, %ss			# setup the
89		movw $start, %sp		#  stack
90		movw %es, %cx			# save PXENV+ segment
91		movw %ax, %ds			# setup the
92		movw %ax, %es			#  data segments
93		andl $0xffff, %ecx		# clear upper words
94		andl $0xffff, %ebx		#  of %ebx and %ecx
95		shll $4, %ecx			# calculate the offset of
96		addl %ebx, %ecx			#  the PXENV+ struct and
97		pushl %ecx			#  save it on the stack
98		movw $welcome_msg, %si		# %ds:(%si) -> welcome message
99		callw putstr			# display the welcome message
100/*
101 * Setup the arguments that the loader is expecting from boot[12]
102 */
103		movw $bootinfo_msg, %si		# %ds:(%si) -> boot args message
104		callw putstr			# display the message
105		movw $MEM_ARG, %bx		# %ds:(%bx) -> boot args
106		movw %bx, %di			# %es:(%di) -> boot args
107		xorl %eax, %eax			# zero %eax
108		movw $(MEM_ARG_SIZE/4), %cx	# Size of arguments in 32-bit
109						#  dwords
110		rep				# Clear the arguments
111		stosl				#  to zero
112		orb $KARGS_FLAGS_PXE, 0x8(%bx)	# kargs->bootflags |=
113						#  KARGS_FLAGS_PXE
114		popl 0xc(%bx)			# kargs->pxeinfo = *PXENV+
115#ifdef ALWAYS_SERIAL
116/*
117 * set the RBX_SERIAL bit in the howto byte.
118 */
119		orl $RB_SERIAL, (%bx)		# enable serial console
120#endif
121#ifdef PROBE_KEYBOARD
122/*
123 * Look at the BIOS data area to see if we have an enhanced keyboard.  If not,
124 * set the RBX_DUAL and RBX_SERIAL bits in the howto byte.
125 */
126		testb $KEYBOARD_BIT, MEM_BIOS_KEYBOARD # keyboard present?
127		jnz keyb			# yes, so skip
128		orl $(RB_MULTIPLE | RB_SERIAL), (%bx) # enable serial console
129keyb:
130#endif
131/*
132 * Turn on the A20 address line
133 */
134		callw seta20			# Turn A20 on
135/*
136 * Relocate the loader and BTX using a very lazy protected mode
137 */
138		movw $relocate_msg, %si		# Display the
139		callw putstr			#  relocation message
140		movl end+AOUT_ENTRY, %edi	# %edi is the destination
141		movl $(end+AOUT_HEADER), %esi	# %esi is
142						#  the start of the text
143						#  segment
144		movl end+AOUT_TEXT, %ecx	# %ecx = length of the text
145						#  segment
146		lgdt gdtdesc			# setup our own gdt
147		cli				# turn off interrupts
148		movl %cr0, %eax			# Turn on
149		orb $0x1, %al			#  protected
150		movl %eax, %cr0			#  mode
151		ljmp $SEL_SCODE,$pm_start	# long jump to clear the
152						#  instruction pre-fetch queue
153		.code32
154pm_start:	movw $SEL_SDATA, %ax		# Initialize
155		movw %ax, %ds			#  %ds and
156		movw %ax, %es			#  %es to a flat selector
157		rep				# Relocate the
158		movsb				#  text segment
159		addl $(MEM_PAGE_SIZE - 1), %edi	# pad %edi out to a new page
160		andl $~(MEM_PAGE_SIZE - 1), %edi #  for the data segment
161		movl end+AOUT_DATA, %ecx	# size of the data segment
162		rep				# Relocate the
163		movsb				#  data segment
164		movl end+AOUT_BSS, %ecx		# size of the bss
165		xorl %eax, %eax			# zero %eax
166		addb $3, %cl			# round %ecx up to
167		shrl $2, %ecx			#  a multiple of 4
168		rep				# zero the
169		stosl				#  bss
170		movl end+AOUT_ENTRY, %esi	# %esi -> relocated loader
171		addl $MEM_BTX_OFFSET, %esi	# %esi -> BTX in the loader
172		movl $MEM_BTX_ADDRESS, %edi	# %edi -> where BTX needs to go
173		movzwl 0xa(%esi), %ecx		# %ecx -> length of BTX
174		rep				# Relocate
175		movsb				#  BTX
176		ljmp $SEL_SCODE16,$pm_16	# Jump to 16-bit PM
177		.code16
178pm_16:		movw $SEL_RDATA, %ax		# Initialize
179		movw %ax, %ds			#  %ds and
180		movw %ax, %es			#  %es to a real mode selector
181		movl %cr0, %eax			# Turn off
182		andb $~0x1, %al			#  protected
183		movl %eax, %cr0			#  mode
184		ljmp $0,$pm_end			# Long jump to clear the
185						#  instruction pre-fetch queue
186pm_end:		sti				# Turn interrupts back on now
187/*
188 * Copy the BTX client to MEM_BTX_CLIENT
189 */
190		xorw %ax, %ax			# zero %ax and set
191		movw %ax, %ds			#  %ds and %es
192		movw %ax, %es			#  to segment 0
193		movw $MEM_BTX_CLIENT, %di	# Prepare to relocate
194		movw $btx_client, %si		#  the simple btx client
195		movw $(btx_client_end-btx_client), %cx # length of btx client
196		rep				# Relocate the
197		movsb				#  simple BTX client
198/*
199 * Copy the boot[12] args to where the BTX client can see them
200 */
201		movw $MEM_ARG, %si		# where the args are at now
202		movw $MEM_ARG_BTX, %di		# where the args are moving to
203		movw $(MEM_ARG_SIZE/4), %cx	# size of the arguments in longs
204		rep				# Relocate
205		movsl				#  the words
206/*
207 * Save the entry point so the client can get to it later on
208 */
209		movl end+AOUT_ENTRY, %eax	# load the entry point
210		stosl				# add it to the end of the
211						#  arguments
212/*
213 * Now we just start up BTX and let it do the rest
214 */
215		movw $jump_message, %si		# Display the
216		callw putstr			#  jump message
217		ljmp $0,$MEM_BTX_ENTRY		# Jump to the BTX entry point
218
219/*
220 * Display a null-terminated string
221 */
222putstr:		lodsb				# load %al from %ds:(%si)
223		testb %al,%al			# stop at null
224		jnz putc			# if the char != null, output it
225		retw				# return when null is hit
226putc:		movw $0x7,%bx			# attribute for output
227		movb $0xe,%ah			# BIOS: put_char
228		int $0x10			# call BIOS, print char in %al
229		jmp putstr			# keep looping
230
231/*
232 * Enable A20. Put an upper limit on the amount of time we wait for the
233 * keyboard controller to get ready (65K x ISA access time). If
234 * we wait more than that amount, the hardware is probably
235 * legacy-free and simply doesn't have a keyboard controller.
236 * Thus, the A20 line is already enabled.
237 */
238seta20: 	cli				# Disable interrupts
239		xor %cx,%cx			# Clear
240seta20.1:	inc %cx				# Increment, overflow?
241		jz seta20.3			# Yes
242		inb $0x64,%al			# Get status
243		testb $0x2,%al			# Busy?
244		jnz seta20.1			# Yes
245		movb $0xd1,%al			# Command: Write
246		outb %al,$0x64			#  output port
247seta20.2:	inb $0x64,%al			# Get status
248		testb $0x2,%al			# Busy?
249		jnz seta20.2			# Yes
250		movb $0xdf,%al			# Enable
251		outb %al,$0x60			#  A20
252seta20.3:	sti				# Enable interrupts
253		retw				# To caller
254
255/*
256 * BTX client to start btxldr
257 */
258		.code32
259btx_client:	movl $(MEM_ARG_BTX-MEM_BTX_CLIENT+MEM_ARG_SIZE-4), %esi
260						# %ds:(%esi) -> end
261						#  of boot[12] args
262		movl $(MEM_ARG_SIZE/4), %ecx	# Number of words to push
263		std				# Go backwards
264push_arg:	lodsl				# Read argument
265		pushl %eax			# Push it onto the stack
266		loop push_arg			# Push all of the arguments
267		cld				# In case anyone depends on this
268		pushl MEM_ARG_BTX-MEM_BTX_CLIENT+MEM_ARG_SIZE # Entry point of
269						#  the loader
270		pushl %eax			# Emulate a near call
271		movl $0x1, %eax			# 'exec' system call
272		int $INT_SYS			# BTX system call
273btx_client_end:
274		.code16
275
276		.p2align 4
277/*
278 * Global descriptor table.
279 */
280gdt:		.word 0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0		# Null entry
281		.word 0xffff,0x0,0x9200,0xcf	# SEL_SDATA
282		.word 0xffff,0x0,0x9200,0x0	# SEL_RDATA
283		.word 0xffff,0x0,0x9a00,0xcf	# SEL_SCODE (32-bit)
284		.word 0xffff,0x0,0x9a00,0x8f	# SEL_SCODE16 (16-bit)
285gdt.1:
286/*
287 * Pseudo-descriptors.
288 */
289gdtdesc:	.word gdt.1-gdt-1		# Limit
290		.long gdt			# Base
291
292welcome_msg:	.asciz	"PXE Loader 1.00\r\n\n"
293bootinfo_msg:	.asciz	"Building the boot loader arguments\r\n"
294relocate_msg:	.asciz	"Relocating the loader and the BTX\r\n"
295jump_message:	.asciz	"Starting the BTX loader\r\n"
296
297		.p2align 4
298end:
299