xref: /freebsd/stand/i386/mbr/mbr.S (revision a0409676120c1e558d0ade943019934e0f15118d)
1#
2# Copyright (c) 1999 Robert Nordier
3# All rights reserved.
4#
5# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are freely
6# permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this
7# paragraph and the following disclaimer are duplicated in all
8# such forms.
9#
10# This software is provided "AS IS" and without any express or
11# implied warranties, including, without limitation, the implied
12# warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular
13# purpose.
14#
15
16# $FreeBSD$
17
18# A 512 byte MBR boot manager that simply boots the active partition.
19
20		.set LOAD,0x7c00		# Load address
21		.set EXEC,0x600 		# Execution address
22		.set PT_OFF,0x1be		# Partition table
23		.set MAGIC,0xaa55		# Magic: bootable
24		.set FL_PACKET,0x80		# Flag: try EDD
25
26		.set NHRDRV,0x475		# Number of hard drives
27
28		.globl start			# Entry point
29		.code16
30
31#
32# Setup the segment registers for flat addressing and setup the stack.
33#
34start:		cld				# String ops inc
35		xorw %ax,%ax			# Zero
36		movw %ax,%es			# Address
37		movw %ax,%ds			#  data
38		movw %ax,%ss			# Set up
39		movw $LOAD,%sp			#  stack
40#
41# Relocate ourself to a lower address so that we are out of the way when
42# we load in the bootstrap from the partition to boot.
43#
44		movw $main-EXEC+LOAD,%si	# Source
45		movw $main,%di			# Destination
46		movw $0x200-(main-start),%cx	# Byte count
47		rep				# Relocate
48		movsb				#  code
49#
50# Jump to the relocated code.
51#
52		jmp main-LOAD+EXEC		# To relocated code
53#
54# Scan the partition table looking for an active entry.  Note that %ch is
55# zero from the repeated string instruction above.  We save the offset of
56# the active partition in %si and scan the entire table to ensure that only
57# one partition is marked active.
58#
59main:		xorw %si,%si			# No active partition
60		movw $partbl,%bx		# Partition table
61		movb $0x4,%cl			# Number of entries
62main.1: 	cmpb %ch,(%bx)			# Null entry?
63		je main.2			# Yes
64		jg err_pt			# If 0x1..0x7f
65		testw %si,%si	 		# Active already found?
66		jnz err_pt			# Yes
67		movw %bx,%si			# Point to active
68main.2: 	addb $0x10,%bl			# Till
69		loop main.1			#  done
70		testw %si,%si	 		# Active found?
71		jnz main.3			# Yes
72		int $0x18			# BIOS: Diskless boot
73#
74# Ok, we've found a possible active partition.  Check to see that the drive
75# is a valid hard drive number.
76#
77main.3: 	cmpb $0x80,%dl			# Drive valid?
78		jb main.4			# No
79		movb NHRDRV,%dh			# Calculate the highest
80		addb $0x80,%dh			#  drive number available
81		cmpb %dh,%dl			# Within range?
82		jb main.5			# Yes
83main.4: 	movb (%si),%dl			# Load drive
84#
85# Ok, now that we have a valid drive and partition entry, load the CHS from
86# the partition entry and read the sector from the disk.
87#
88main.5:		movw %sp,%di			# Save stack pointer
89		movb 0x1(%si),%dh		# Load head
90		movw 0x2(%si),%cx		# Load cylinder:sector
91		movw $LOAD,%bx			# Transfer buffer
92		testb $FL_PACKET,flags		# Try EDD?
93		jz main.7			# No.
94		pushw %cx			# Save %cx
95		pushw %bx			# Save %bx
96		movw $0x55aa,%bx		# Magic
97		movb $0x41,%ah			# BIOS:	EDD extensions
98		int $0x13			#  present?
99		jc main.6			# No.
100		cmpw $0xaa55,%bx		# Magic ok?
101		jne main.6			# No.
102		testb $0x1,%cl			# Packet mode present?
103		jz main.6			# No.
104		popw %bx			# Restore %bx
105		pushl $0x0			# Set the LBA
106		pushl 0x8(%si)			#  address
107		pushw %es			# Set the address of
108		pushw %bx			#  the transfer buffer
109		pushw $0x1			# Read 1 sector
110		pushw $0x10			# Packet length
111		movw %sp,%si			# Packer pointer
112		movw $0x4200,%ax		# BIOS:	LBA Read from disk
113		jmp main.8			# Skip the CHS setup
114main.6:		popw %bx			# Restore %bx
115		popw %cx			# Restore %cx
116main.7:		movw $0x201,%ax			# BIOS: Read from disk
117main.8:		int $0x13			# Call the BIOS
118		movw %di,%sp			# Restore stack
119		jc err_rd			# If error
120#
121# Now that we've loaded the bootstrap, check for the 0xaa55 signature.  If it
122# is present, execute the bootstrap we just loaded.
123#
124		cmpw $MAGIC,0x1fe(%bx)		# Bootable?
125		jne err_os			# No
126		jmp *%bx			# Invoke bootstrap
127#
128# Various error message entry points.
129#
130err_pt: 	movw $msg_pt,%si		# "Invalid partition
131		jmp putstr			#  table"
132
133err_rd: 	movw $msg_rd,%si		# "Error loading
134		jmp putstr			#  operating system"
135
136err_os: 	movw $msg_os,%si		# "Missing operating
137		jmp putstr			#  system"
138#
139# Output an ASCIZ string to the console via the BIOS.
140#
141putstr.0:	movw $0x7,%bx	 		# Page:attribute
142		movb $0xe,%ah			# BIOS: Display
143		int $0x10			#  character
144putstr: 	lodsb				# Get character
145		testb %al,%al			# End of string?
146		jnz putstr.0			# No
147putstr.1:	jmp putstr.1			# Await reset
148
149msg_pt: 	.asciz "Invalid partition table"
150msg_rd: 	.asciz "Error loading operating system"
151msg_os: 	.asciz "Missing operating system"
152
153		.org PT_OFF-1,0x90
154flags:		.byte FLAGS			# Flags
155
156partbl: 	.fill 0x10,0x4,0x0		# Partition table
157		.word MAGIC			# Magic number
158