1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 1998 Michael Smith <msmith@freebsd.org> 3 * Copyright (c) 2012 Andrey V. Elsukov <ae@FreeBSD.org> 4 * All rights reserved. 5 * 6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8 * are met: 9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14 * 15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 16 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 17 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 19 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 21 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 22 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 23 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 24 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 25 * SUCH DAMAGE. 26 */ 27 28 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 29 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 30 31 /* 32 * BIOS disk device handling. 33 * 34 * Ideas and algorithms from: 35 * 36 * - NetBSD libi386/biosdisk.c 37 * - FreeBSD biosboot/disk.c 38 * 39 */ 40 41 #include <sys/disk.h> 42 #include <sys/limits.h> 43 #include <sys/queue.h> 44 #include <stand.h> 45 #include <machine/bootinfo.h> 46 #include <stdarg.h> 47 #include <stdbool.h> 48 49 #include <bootstrap.h> 50 #include <btxv86.h> 51 #include <edd.h> 52 #include "disk.h" 53 #include "libi386.h" 54 55 #define BIOS_NUMDRIVES 0x475 56 #define BIOSDISK_SECSIZE 512 57 #define BUFSIZE (1 * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) 58 59 #define DT_ATAPI 0x10 /* disk type for ATAPI floppies */ 60 #define WDMAJOR 0 /* major numbers for devices we frontend for */ 61 #define WFDMAJOR 1 62 #define FDMAJOR 2 63 #define DAMAJOR 4 64 #define ACDMAJOR 117 65 #define CDMAJOR 15 66 67 /* 68 * INT13 commands 69 */ 70 #define CMD_RESET 0x0000 71 #define CMD_READ_CHS 0x0200 72 #define CMD_WRITE_CHS 0x0300 73 #define CMD_READ_PARAM 0x0800 74 #define CMD_DRIVE_TYPE 0x1500 75 #define CMD_CHECK_EDD 0x4100 76 #define CMD_READ_LBA 0x4200 77 #define CMD_WRITE_LBA 0x4300 78 #define CMD_EXT_PARAM 0x4800 79 #define CMD_CD_GET_STATUS 0x4b01 80 81 #define DISK_BIOS 0x13 82 83 #ifdef DISK_DEBUG 84 #define DPRINTF(fmt, args...) printf("%s: " fmt "\n", __func__, ## args) 85 #else 86 #define DPRINTF(fmt, args...) ((void)0) 87 #endif 88 89 struct specification_packet { 90 uint8_t sp_size; 91 uint8_t sp_bootmedia; 92 uint8_t sp_drive; 93 uint8_t sp_controller; 94 uint32_t sp_lba; 95 uint16_t sp_devicespec; 96 uint16_t sp_buffersegment; 97 uint16_t sp_loadsegment; 98 uint16_t sp_sectorcount; 99 uint16_t sp_cylsec; 100 uint8_t sp_head; 101 uint8_t sp_dummy[16]; /* Avoid memory corruption */ 102 }; 103 104 /* 105 * List of BIOS devices, translation from disk unit number to 106 * BIOS unit number. 107 */ 108 typedef struct bdinfo 109 { 110 STAILQ_ENTRY(bdinfo) bd_link; /* link in device list */ 111 int bd_unit; /* BIOS unit number */ 112 int bd_cyl; /* BIOS geometry */ 113 int bd_hds; 114 int bd_sec; 115 int bd_flags; 116 #define BD_MODEINT13 0x0000 117 #define BD_MODEEDD1 0x0001 118 #define BD_MODEEDD3 0x0002 119 #define BD_MODEEDD (BD_MODEEDD1 | BD_MODEEDD3) 120 #define BD_MODEMASK 0x0003 121 #define BD_FLOPPY 0x0004 122 #define BD_CDROM 0x0008 123 #define BD_NO_MEDIA 0x0010 124 int bd_type; /* BIOS 'drive type' (floppy only) */ 125 uint16_t bd_sectorsize; /* Sector size */ 126 uint64_t bd_sectors; /* Disk size */ 127 int bd_open; /* reference counter */ 128 void *bd_bcache; /* buffer cache data */ 129 } bdinfo_t; 130 131 #define BD_RD 0 132 #define BD_WR 1 133 134 typedef STAILQ_HEAD(bdinfo_list, bdinfo) bdinfo_list_t; 135 static bdinfo_list_t fdinfo = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(fdinfo); 136 static bdinfo_list_t cdinfo = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(cdinfo); 137 static bdinfo_list_t hdinfo = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(hdinfo); 138 139 static void bd_io_workaround(bdinfo_t *); 140 static int bd_io(struct disk_devdesc *, bdinfo_t *, daddr_t, int, caddr_t, int); 141 static bool bd_int13probe(bdinfo_t *); 142 143 static int bd_init(void); 144 static int cd_init(void); 145 static int fd_init(void); 146 static int bd_strategy(void *devdata, int flag, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, 147 char *buf, size_t *rsize); 148 static int bd_realstrategy(void *devdata, int flag, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, 149 char *buf, size_t *rsize); 150 static int bd_open(struct open_file *f, ...); 151 static int bd_close(struct open_file *f); 152 static int bd_ioctl(struct open_file *f, u_long cmd, void *data); 153 static int bd_print(int verbose); 154 static int cd_print(int verbose); 155 static int fd_print(int verbose); 156 static void bd_reset_disk(int); 157 static int bd_get_diskinfo_std(struct bdinfo *); 158 159 struct devsw biosfd = { 160 .dv_name = "fd", 161 .dv_type = DEVT_FD, 162 .dv_init = fd_init, 163 .dv_strategy = bd_strategy, 164 .dv_open = bd_open, 165 .dv_close = bd_close, 166 .dv_ioctl = bd_ioctl, 167 .dv_print = fd_print, 168 .dv_cleanup = nullsys, 169 }; 170 171 struct devsw bioscd = { 172 .dv_name = "cd", 173 .dv_type = DEVT_CD, 174 .dv_init = cd_init, 175 .dv_strategy = bd_strategy, 176 .dv_open = bd_open, 177 .dv_close = bd_close, 178 .dv_ioctl = bd_ioctl, 179 .dv_print = cd_print, 180 .dv_cleanup = nullsys, 181 }; 182 183 struct devsw bioshd = { 184 .dv_name = "disk", 185 .dv_type = DEVT_DISK, 186 .dv_init = bd_init, 187 .dv_strategy = bd_strategy, 188 .dv_open = bd_open, 189 .dv_close = bd_close, 190 .dv_ioctl = bd_ioctl, 191 .dv_print = bd_print, 192 .dv_cleanup = nullsys, 193 .dv_fmtdev = disk_fmtdev, 194 .dv_parsedev = disk_parsedev, 195 }; 196 197 static bdinfo_list_t * 198 bd_get_bdinfo_list(struct devsw *dev) 199 { 200 if (dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) 201 return (&hdinfo); 202 if (dev->dv_type == DEVT_CD) 203 return (&cdinfo); 204 if (dev->dv_type == DEVT_FD) 205 return (&fdinfo); 206 return (NULL); 207 } 208 209 /* XXX this gets called way way too often, investigate */ 210 static bdinfo_t * 211 bd_get_bdinfo(struct devdesc *dev) 212 { 213 bdinfo_list_t *bdi; 214 bdinfo_t *bd = NULL; 215 int unit; 216 217 bdi = bd_get_bdinfo_list(dev->d_dev); 218 if (bdi == NULL) 219 return (bd); 220 221 unit = 0; 222 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi, bd_link) { 223 if (unit == dev->d_unit) 224 return (bd); 225 unit++; 226 } 227 return (bd); 228 } 229 230 /* 231 * Translate between BIOS device numbers and our private unit numbers. 232 */ 233 int 234 bd_bios2unit(int biosdev) 235 { 236 bdinfo_list_t *bdi[] = { &fdinfo, &cdinfo, &hdinfo, NULL }; 237 bdinfo_t *bd; 238 int i, unit; 239 240 DPRINTF("looking for bios device 0x%x", biosdev); 241 for (i = 0; bdi[i] != NULL; i++) { 242 unit = 0; 243 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi[i], bd_link) { 244 if (bd->bd_unit == biosdev) { 245 DPRINTF("bd unit %d is BIOS device 0x%x", unit, 246 bd->bd_unit); 247 return (unit); 248 } 249 unit++; 250 } 251 } 252 return (-1); 253 } 254 255 int 256 bd_unit2bios(struct i386_devdesc *dev) 257 { 258 bdinfo_list_t *bdi; 259 bdinfo_t *bd; 260 int unit; 261 262 bdi = bd_get_bdinfo_list(dev->dd.d_dev); 263 if (bdi == NULL) 264 return (-1); 265 266 unit = 0; 267 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi, bd_link) { 268 if (unit == dev->dd.d_unit) 269 return (bd->bd_unit); 270 unit++; 271 } 272 return (-1); 273 } 274 275 /* 276 * Use INT13 AH=15 - Read Drive Type. 277 */ 278 static int 279 fd_count(void) 280 { 281 int drive; 282 283 for (drive = 0; drive < MAXBDDEV; drive++) { 284 bd_reset_disk(drive); 285 286 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 287 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 288 v86.eax = CMD_DRIVE_TYPE; 289 v86.edx = drive; 290 v86int(); 291 292 if (V86_CY(v86.efl)) 293 break; 294 295 if ((v86.eax & 0x300) == 0) 296 break; 297 } 298 299 return (drive); 300 } 301 302 /* 303 * Quiz the BIOS for disk devices, save a little info about them. 304 */ 305 static int 306 fd_init(void) 307 { 308 int unit, numfd; 309 bdinfo_t *bd; 310 311 numfd = fd_count(); 312 for (unit = 0; unit < numfd; unit++) { 313 if ((bd = calloc(1, sizeof(*bd))) == NULL) 314 break; 315 316 bd->bd_sectorsize = BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 317 bd->bd_flags = BD_FLOPPY; 318 bd->bd_unit = unit; 319 320 /* Use std diskinfo for floppy drive */ 321 if (bd_get_diskinfo_std(bd) != 0) { 322 free(bd); 323 break; 324 } 325 if (bd->bd_sectors == 0) 326 bd->bd_flags |= BD_NO_MEDIA; 327 328 printf("BIOS drive %c: is %s%d\n", ('A' + unit), 329 biosfd.dv_name, unit); 330 331 STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&fdinfo, bd, bd_link); 332 } 333 334 bcache_add_dev(unit); 335 return (0); 336 } 337 338 static int 339 bd_init(void) 340 { 341 int base, unit; 342 bdinfo_t *bd; 343 344 TSENTER(); 345 346 base = 0x80; 347 for (unit = 0; unit < *(unsigned char *)PTOV(BIOS_NUMDRIVES); unit++) { 348 /* 349 * Check the BIOS equipment list for number of fixed disks. 350 */ 351 if ((bd = calloc(1, sizeof(*bd))) == NULL) 352 break; 353 bd->bd_unit = base + unit; 354 if (!bd_int13probe(bd)) { 355 free(bd); 356 break; 357 } 358 359 printf("BIOS drive %c: is %s%d\n", ('C' + unit), 360 bioshd.dv_name, unit); 361 362 STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&hdinfo, bd, bd_link); 363 } 364 bcache_add_dev(unit); 365 TSEXIT(); 366 return (0); 367 } 368 369 /* 370 * We can't quiz, we have to be told what device to use, so this function 371 * doesn't do anything. Instead, the loader calls bc_add() with the BIOS 372 * device number to add. 373 */ 374 static int 375 cd_init(void) 376 { 377 378 return (0); 379 } 380 381 /* 382 * Information from bootable CD-ROM. 383 */ 384 static int 385 bd_get_diskinfo_cd(struct bdinfo *bd) 386 { 387 struct specification_packet bc_sp; 388 int ret = -1; 389 390 (void) memset(&bc_sp, 0, sizeof (bc_sp)); 391 /* Set sp_size as per specification. */ 392 bc_sp.sp_size = sizeof (bc_sp) - sizeof (bc_sp.sp_dummy); 393 394 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 395 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 396 v86.eax = CMD_CD_GET_STATUS; 397 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 398 v86.ds = VTOPSEG(&bc_sp); 399 v86.esi = VTOPOFF(&bc_sp); 400 v86int(); 401 402 if ((v86.eax & 0xff00) == 0 && 403 bc_sp.sp_drive == bd->bd_unit) { 404 bd->bd_cyl = ((bc_sp.sp_cylsec & 0xc0) << 2) + 405 ((bc_sp.sp_cylsec & 0xff00) >> 8) + 1; 406 bd->bd_sec = bc_sp.sp_cylsec & 0x3f; 407 bd->bd_hds = bc_sp.sp_head + 1; 408 bd->bd_sectors = (uint64_t)bd->bd_cyl * bd->bd_hds * bd->bd_sec; 409 410 if (bc_sp.sp_bootmedia & 0x0F) { 411 /* Floppy or hard-disk emulation */ 412 bd->bd_sectorsize = BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 413 return (-1); 414 } else { 415 bd->bd_sectorsize = 2048; 416 bd->bd_flags = BD_MODEEDD | BD_CDROM; 417 ret = 0; 418 } 419 } 420 421 /* 422 * If this is the boot_drive, default to non-emulation bootable CD-ROM. 423 */ 424 if (ret != 0 && bd->bd_unit >= 0x88) { 425 bd->bd_cyl = 0; 426 bd->bd_hds = 1; 427 bd->bd_sec = 15; 428 bd->bd_sectorsize = 2048; 429 bd->bd_flags = BD_MODEEDD | BD_CDROM; 430 bd->bd_sectors = 0; 431 ret = 0; 432 } 433 434 /* 435 * Note we can not use bd_get_diskinfo_ext() nor bd_get_diskinfo_std() 436 * here - some systems do get hung with those. 437 */ 438 /* 439 * Still no size? use 7.961GB. The size does not really matter 440 * as long as it is reasonably large to make our reads to pass 441 * the sector count check. 442 */ 443 if (bd->bd_sectors == 0) 444 bd->bd_sectors = 4173824; 445 446 return (ret); 447 } 448 449 int 450 bc_add(int biosdev) 451 { 452 bdinfo_t *bd; 453 int nbcinfo = 0; 454 455 if (!STAILQ_EMPTY(&cdinfo)) 456 return (-1); 457 458 if ((bd = calloc(1, sizeof(*bd))) == NULL) 459 return (-1); 460 461 bd->bd_unit = biosdev; 462 if (bd_get_diskinfo_cd(bd) < 0) { 463 free(bd); 464 return (-1); 465 } 466 467 STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&cdinfo, bd, bd_link); 468 printf("BIOS CD is cd%d\n", nbcinfo); 469 nbcinfo++; 470 bcache_add_dev(nbcinfo); /* register cd device in bcache */ 471 return(0); 472 } 473 474 /* 475 * Return EDD version or 0 if EDD is not supported on this drive. 476 */ 477 static int 478 bd_check_extensions(int unit) 479 { 480 /* do not use ext calls for floppy devices */ 481 if (unit < 0x80) 482 return (0); 483 484 /* Determine if we can use EDD with this device. */ 485 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 486 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 487 v86.eax = CMD_CHECK_EDD; 488 v86.edx = unit; 489 v86.ebx = EDD_QUERY_MAGIC; 490 v86int(); 491 492 if (V86_CY(v86.efl) || /* carry set */ 493 (v86.ebx & 0xffff) != EDD_INSTALLED) /* signature */ 494 return (0); 495 496 /* extended disk access functions (AH=42h-44h,47h,48h) supported */ 497 if ((v86.ecx & EDD_INTERFACE_FIXED_DISK) == 0) 498 return (0); 499 500 return ((v86.eax >> 8) & 0xff); 501 } 502 503 static void 504 bd_reset_disk(int unit) 505 { 506 /* reset disk */ 507 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 508 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 509 v86.eax = CMD_RESET; 510 v86.edx = unit; 511 v86int(); 512 } 513 514 /* 515 * Read CHS info. Return 0 on success, error otherwise. 516 */ 517 static int 518 bd_get_diskinfo_std(struct bdinfo *bd) 519 { 520 bzero(&v86, sizeof(v86)); 521 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 522 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 523 v86.eax = CMD_READ_PARAM; 524 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 525 v86int(); 526 527 if (V86_CY(v86.efl) && ((v86.eax & 0xff00) != 0)) 528 return ((v86.eax & 0xff00) >> 8); 529 530 /* return custom error on absurd sector number */ 531 if ((v86.ecx & 0x3f) == 0) 532 return (0x60); 533 534 bd->bd_cyl = ((v86.ecx & 0xc0) << 2) + ((v86.ecx & 0xff00) >> 8) + 1; 535 /* Convert max head # -> # of heads */ 536 bd->bd_hds = ((v86.edx & 0xff00) >> 8) + 1; 537 bd->bd_sec = v86.ecx & 0x3f; 538 bd->bd_type = v86.ebx; 539 bd->bd_sectors = (uint64_t)bd->bd_cyl * bd->bd_hds * bd->bd_sec; 540 541 return (0); 542 } 543 544 /* 545 * Read EDD info. Return 0 on success, error otherwise. 546 * 547 * Avoid stack corruption on some systems by adding extra bytes to 548 * params block. 549 */ 550 static int 551 bd_get_diskinfo_ext(struct bdinfo *bd) 552 { 553 struct disk_params { 554 struct edd_params head; 555 struct edd_device_path_v3 device_path; 556 uint8_t dummy[16]; 557 } __packed dparams; 558 struct edd_params *params; 559 uint64_t total; 560 561 params = &dparams.head; 562 563 /* Get disk params */ 564 bzero(&dparams, sizeof(dparams)); 565 params->len = sizeof(struct edd_params_v3); 566 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 567 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 568 v86.eax = CMD_EXT_PARAM; 569 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 570 v86.ds = VTOPSEG(&dparams); 571 v86.esi = VTOPOFF(&dparams); 572 v86int(); 573 574 if (V86_CY(v86.efl) && ((v86.eax & 0xff00) != 0)) 575 return ((v86.eax & 0xff00) >> 8); 576 577 /* 578 * Sector size must be a multiple of 512 bytes. 579 * An alternate test would be to check power of 2, 580 * powerof2(params.sector_size). 581 * 16K is largest read buffer we can use at this time. 582 */ 583 if (params->sector_size >= 512 && 584 params->sector_size <= 16384 && 585 (params->sector_size % BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) == 0) 586 bd->bd_sectorsize = params->sector_size; 587 588 bd->bd_cyl = params->cylinders; 589 bd->bd_hds = params->heads; 590 bd->bd_sec = params->sectors_per_track; 591 592 if (params->sectors != 0) { 593 total = params->sectors; 594 } else { 595 total = (uint64_t)params->cylinders * 596 params->heads * params->sectors_per_track; 597 } 598 bd->bd_sectors = total; 599 600 return (0); 601 } 602 603 /* 604 * Try to detect a device supported by the legacy int13 BIOS 605 */ 606 static bool 607 bd_int13probe(bdinfo_t *bd) 608 { 609 int edd, ret; 610 611 bd->bd_flags &= ~BD_NO_MEDIA; 612 613 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_CDROM) != 0) { 614 return (bd_get_diskinfo_cd(bd) == 0); 615 } 616 617 edd = bd_check_extensions(bd->bd_unit); 618 if (edd == 0) 619 bd->bd_flags |= BD_MODEINT13; 620 else if (edd < 0x30) 621 bd->bd_flags |= BD_MODEEDD1; 622 else 623 bd->bd_flags |= BD_MODEEDD3; 624 625 /* Default sector size */ 626 if (bd->bd_sectorsize == 0) 627 bd->bd_sectorsize = BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 628 629 /* 630 * Test if the floppy device is present, so we can avoid receiving 631 * bogus information from bd_get_diskinfo_std(). 632 */ 633 if (bd->bd_unit < 0x80) { 634 /* reset disk */ 635 bd_reset_disk(bd->bd_unit); 636 637 /* Get disk type */ 638 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 639 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 640 v86.eax = CMD_DRIVE_TYPE; 641 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 642 v86int(); 643 if (V86_CY(v86.efl) || (v86.eax & 0x300) == 0) 644 return (false); 645 } 646 647 ret = 1; 648 if (edd != 0) 649 ret = bd_get_diskinfo_ext(bd); 650 if (ret != 0 || bd->bd_sectors == 0) 651 ret = bd_get_diskinfo_std(bd); 652 653 if (ret != 0 && bd->bd_unit < 0x80) { 654 /* Set defaults for 1.44 floppy */ 655 bd->bd_cyl = 80; 656 bd->bd_hds = 2; 657 bd->bd_sec = 18; 658 bd->bd_sectors = 2880; 659 /* Since we are there, there most likely is no media */ 660 bd->bd_flags |= BD_NO_MEDIA; 661 ret = 0; 662 } 663 664 if (ret != 0) { 665 if (bd->bd_sectors != 0 && edd != 0) { 666 bd->bd_sec = 63; 667 bd->bd_hds = 255; 668 bd->bd_cyl = 669 (bd->bd_sectors + bd->bd_sec * bd->bd_hds - 1) / 670 bd->bd_sec * bd->bd_hds; 671 } else { 672 const char *dv_name; 673 674 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_FLOPPY) != 0) 675 dv_name = biosfd.dv_name; 676 else 677 dv_name = bioshd.dv_name; 678 679 printf("Can not get information about %s unit %#x\n", 680 dv_name, bd->bd_unit); 681 return (false); 682 } 683 } 684 685 if (bd->bd_sec == 0) 686 bd->bd_sec = 63; 687 if (bd->bd_hds == 0) 688 bd->bd_hds = 255; 689 690 if (bd->bd_sectors == 0) 691 bd->bd_sectors = (uint64_t)bd->bd_cyl * bd->bd_hds * bd->bd_sec; 692 693 DPRINTF("unit 0x%x geometry %d/%d/%d\n", bd->bd_unit, bd->bd_cyl, 694 bd->bd_hds, bd->bd_sec); 695 696 return (true); 697 } 698 699 static int 700 bd_count(bdinfo_list_t *bdi) 701 { 702 bdinfo_t *bd; 703 int i; 704 705 i = 0; 706 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi, bd_link) 707 i++; 708 return (i); 709 } 710 711 /* 712 * Print information about disks 713 */ 714 static int 715 bd_print_common(struct devsw *dev, bdinfo_list_t *bdi, int verbose) 716 { 717 char line[80]; 718 struct disk_devdesc devd; 719 bdinfo_t *bd; 720 int i, ret = 0; 721 char drive; 722 723 if (STAILQ_EMPTY(bdi)) 724 return (0); 725 726 printf("%s devices:", dev->dv_name); 727 if ((ret = pager_output("\n")) != 0) 728 return (ret); 729 730 i = -1; 731 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi, bd_link) { 732 i++; 733 734 switch (dev->dv_type) { 735 case DEVT_FD: 736 drive = 'A'; 737 break; 738 case DEVT_CD: 739 drive = 'C' + bd_count(&hdinfo); 740 break; 741 default: 742 drive = 'C'; 743 break; 744 } 745 746 snprintf(line, sizeof(line), 747 " %s%d: BIOS drive %c (%s%ju X %u):\n", 748 dev->dv_name, i, drive + i, 749 (bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA ? 750 "no media, " : "", 751 (uintmax_t)bd->bd_sectors, 752 bd->bd_sectorsize); 753 if ((ret = pager_output(line)) != 0) 754 break; 755 756 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA) 757 continue; 758 759 if (dev->dv_type != DEVT_DISK) 760 continue; 761 762 devd.dd.d_dev = dev; 763 devd.dd.d_unit = i; 764 devd.d_slice = D_SLICENONE; 765 devd.d_partition = D_PARTNONE; 766 if (disk_open(&devd, 767 bd->bd_sectorsize * bd->bd_sectors, 768 bd->bd_sectorsize) == 0) { 769 snprintf(line, sizeof(line), " %s%d", 770 dev->dv_name, i); 771 ret = disk_print(&devd, line, verbose); 772 disk_close(&devd); 773 if (ret != 0) 774 break; 775 } 776 } 777 return (ret); 778 } 779 780 static int 781 fd_print(int verbose) 782 { 783 return (bd_print_common(&biosfd, &fdinfo, verbose)); 784 } 785 786 static int 787 bd_print(int verbose) 788 { 789 return (bd_print_common(&bioshd, &hdinfo, verbose)); 790 } 791 792 static int 793 cd_print(int verbose) 794 { 795 return (bd_print_common(&bioscd, &cdinfo, verbose)); 796 } 797 798 /* 799 * Read disk size from partition. 800 * This is needed to work around buggy BIOS systems returning 801 * wrong (truncated) disk media size. 802 * During bd_probe() we tested if the multiplication of bd_sectors 803 * would overflow so it should be safe to perform here. 804 */ 805 static uint64_t 806 bd_disk_get_sectors(struct disk_devdesc *dev) 807 { 808 bdinfo_t *bd; 809 struct disk_devdesc disk; 810 uint64_t size; 811 812 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 813 if (bd == NULL) 814 return (0); 815 816 disk.dd.d_dev = dev->dd.d_dev; 817 disk.dd.d_unit = dev->dd.d_unit; 818 disk.d_slice = D_SLICENONE; 819 disk.d_partition = D_PARTNONE; 820 disk.d_offset = 0; 821 822 size = bd->bd_sectors * bd->bd_sectorsize; 823 if (disk_open(&disk, size, bd->bd_sectorsize) == 0) { 824 (void) disk_ioctl(&disk, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &size); 825 disk_close(&disk); 826 } 827 return (size / bd->bd_sectorsize); 828 } 829 830 /* 831 * Attempt to open the disk described by (dev) for use by (f). 832 * 833 * Note that the philosophy here is "give them exactly what 834 * they ask for". This is necessary because being too "smart" 835 * about what the user might want leads to complications. 836 * (eg. given no slice or partition value, with a disk that is 837 * sliced - are they after the first BSD slice, or the DOS 838 * slice before it?) 839 */ 840 static int 841 bd_open(struct open_file *f, ...) 842 { 843 bdinfo_t *bd; 844 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 845 va_list ap; 846 int rc; 847 848 TSENTER(); 849 850 va_start(ap, f); 851 dev = va_arg(ap, struct disk_devdesc *); 852 va_end(ap); 853 854 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 855 if (bd == NULL) 856 return (EIO); 857 858 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA) { 859 if (!bd_int13probe(bd)) 860 return (EIO); 861 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA) 862 return (EIO); 863 } 864 if (bd->bd_bcache == NULL) 865 bd->bd_bcache = bcache_allocate(); 866 867 if (bd->bd_open == 0) 868 bd->bd_sectors = bd_disk_get_sectors(dev); 869 bd->bd_open++; 870 871 rc = 0; 872 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 873 rc = disk_open(dev, bd->bd_sectors * bd->bd_sectorsize, 874 bd->bd_sectorsize); 875 if (rc != 0) { 876 bd->bd_open--; 877 if (bd->bd_open == 0) { 878 bcache_free(bd->bd_bcache); 879 bd->bd_bcache = NULL; 880 } 881 } 882 } 883 TSEXIT(); 884 return (rc); 885 } 886 887 static int 888 bd_close(struct open_file *f) 889 { 890 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 891 bdinfo_t *bd; 892 int rc = 0; 893 894 dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)f->f_devdata; 895 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 896 if (bd == NULL) 897 return (EIO); 898 899 bd->bd_open--; 900 if (bd->bd_open == 0) { 901 bcache_free(bd->bd_bcache); 902 bd->bd_bcache = NULL; 903 } 904 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) 905 rc = disk_close(dev); 906 return (rc); 907 } 908 909 static int 910 bd_ioctl(struct open_file *f, u_long cmd, void *data) 911 { 912 bdinfo_t *bd; 913 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 914 int rc; 915 916 dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)f->f_devdata; 917 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 918 if (bd == NULL) 919 return (EIO); 920 921 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 922 rc = disk_ioctl(dev, cmd, data); 923 if (rc != ENOTTY) 924 return (rc); 925 } 926 927 switch (cmd) { 928 case DIOCGSECTORSIZE: 929 *(uint32_t *)data = bd->bd_sectorsize; 930 break; 931 case DIOCGMEDIASIZE: 932 *(uint64_t *)data = bd->bd_sectors * bd->bd_sectorsize; 933 break; 934 default: 935 return (ENOTTY); 936 } 937 return (0); 938 } 939 940 static int 941 bd_strategy(void *devdata, int rw, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, 942 char *buf, size_t *rsize) 943 { 944 bdinfo_t *bd; 945 struct bcache_devdata bcd; 946 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 947 daddr_t offset; 948 949 dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)devdata; 950 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 951 if (bd == NULL) 952 return (EINVAL); 953 954 bcd.dv_strategy = bd_realstrategy; 955 bcd.dv_devdata = devdata; 956 bcd.dv_cache = bd->bd_bcache; 957 958 offset = 0; 959 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 960 961 offset = dev->d_offset * bd->bd_sectorsize; 962 offset /= BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 963 } 964 return (bcache_strategy(&bcd, rw, dblk + offset, size, 965 buf, rsize)); 966 } 967 968 static int 969 bd_realstrategy(void *devdata, int rw, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, 970 char *buf, size_t *rsize) 971 { 972 struct disk_devdesc *dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)devdata; 973 bdinfo_t *bd; 974 uint64_t disk_blocks, offset, d_offset; 975 size_t blks, blkoff, bsize, bio_size, rest; 976 caddr_t bbuf = NULL; 977 int rc; 978 979 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 980 if (bd == NULL || (bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA) 981 return (EIO); 982 983 /* 984 * First make sure the IO size is a multiple of 512 bytes. While we do 985 * process partial reads below, the strategy mechanism is built 986 * assuming IO is a multiple of 512B blocks. If the request is not 987 * a multiple of 512B blocks, it has to be some sort of bug. 988 */ 989 if (size == 0 || (size % BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) != 0) { 990 printf("bd_strategy: %d bytes I/O not multiple of %d\n", 991 size, BIOSDISK_SECSIZE); 992 return (EIO); 993 } 994 995 DPRINTF("open_disk %p", dev); 996 997 offset = dblk * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 998 dblk = offset / bd->bd_sectorsize; 999 blkoff = offset % bd->bd_sectorsize; 1000 1001 /* 1002 * Check the value of the size argument. We do have quite small 1003 * heap (64MB), but we do not know good upper limit, so we check against 1004 * INT_MAX here. This will also protect us against possible overflows 1005 * while translating block count to bytes. 1006 */ 1007 if (size > INT_MAX) { 1008 DPRINTF("too large I/O: %zu bytes", size); 1009 return (EIO); 1010 } 1011 1012 blks = size / bd->bd_sectorsize; 1013 if (blks == 0 || (size % bd->bd_sectorsize) != 0) 1014 blks++; 1015 1016 if (dblk > dblk + blks) 1017 return (EIO); 1018 1019 if (rsize) 1020 *rsize = 0; 1021 1022 /* 1023 * Get disk blocks, this value is either for whole disk or for 1024 * partition. 1025 */ 1026 d_offset = 0; 1027 disk_blocks = 0; 1028 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 1029 if (disk_ioctl(dev, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &disk_blocks) == 0) { 1030 /* DIOCGMEDIASIZE does return bytes. */ 1031 disk_blocks /= bd->bd_sectorsize; 1032 } 1033 d_offset = dev->d_offset; 1034 } 1035 if (disk_blocks == 0) 1036 disk_blocks = bd->bd_sectors * (bd->bd_sectorsize / 1037 BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) - d_offset; 1038 1039 /* Validate source block address. */ 1040 if (dblk < d_offset || dblk >= d_offset + disk_blocks) 1041 return (EIO); 1042 1043 /* 1044 * Truncate if we are crossing disk or partition end. 1045 */ 1046 if (dblk + blks >= d_offset + disk_blocks) { 1047 blks = d_offset + disk_blocks - dblk; 1048 size = blks * bd->bd_sectorsize; 1049 DPRINTF("short I/O %d", blks); 1050 } 1051 1052 bio_size = min(BIO_BUFFER_SIZE, size); 1053 while (bio_size > bd->bd_sectorsize) { 1054 bbuf = bio_alloc(bio_size); 1055 if (bbuf != NULL) 1056 break; 1057 bio_size -= bd->bd_sectorsize; 1058 } 1059 if (bbuf == NULL) { 1060 bio_size = V86_IO_BUFFER_SIZE; 1061 if (bio_size / bd->bd_sectorsize == 0) 1062 panic("BUG: Real mode buffer is too small"); 1063 1064 /* Use alternate 4k buffer */ 1065 bbuf = PTOV(V86_IO_BUFFER); 1066 } 1067 rest = size; 1068 rc = 0; 1069 while (blks > 0) { 1070 int x = min(blks, bio_size / bd->bd_sectorsize); 1071 1072 switch (rw & F_MASK) { 1073 case F_READ: 1074 DPRINTF("read %d from %lld to %p", x, dblk, buf); 1075 bsize = bd->bd_sectorsize * x - blkoff; 1076 if (rest < bsize) 1077 bsize = rest; 1078 1079 if ((rc = bd_io(dev, bd, dblk, x, bbuf, BD_RD)) != 0) { 1080 rc = EIO; 1081 goto error; 1082 } 1083 1084 bcopy(bbuf + blkoff, buf, bsize); 1085 break; 1086 case F_WRITE : 1087 DPRINTF("write %d from %lld to %p", x, dblk, buf); 1088 if (blkoff != 0) { 1089 /* 1090 * We got offset to sector, read 1 sector to 1091 * bbuf. 1092 */ 1093 x = 1; 1094 bsize = bd->bd_sectorsize - blkoff; 1095 bsize = min(bsize, rest); 1096 rc = bd_io(dev, bd, dblk, x, bbuf, BD_RD); 1097 } else if (rest < bd->bd_sectorsize) { 1098 /* 1099 * The remaining block is not full 1100 * sector. Read 1 sector to bbuf. 1101 */ 1102 x = 1; 1103 bsize = rest; 1104 rc = bd_io(dev, bd, dblk, x, bbuf, BD_RD); 1105 } else { 1106 /* We can write full sector(s). */ 1107 bsize = bd->bd_sectorsize * x; 1108 } 1109 /* 1110 * Put your Data In, Put your Data out, 1111 * Put your Data In, and shake it all about 1112 */ 1113 bcopy(buf, bbuf + blkoff, bsize); 1114 if ((rc = bd_io(dev, bd, dblk, x, bbuf, BD_WR)) != 0) { 1115 rc = EIO; 1116 goto error; 1117 } 1118 1119 break; 1120 default: 1121 /* DO NOTHING */ 1122 rc = EROFS; 1123 goto error; 1124 } 1125 1126 blkoff = 0; 1127 buf += bsize; 1128 rest -= bsize; 1129 blks -= x; 1130 dblk += x; 1131 } 1132 1133 if (rsize != NULL) 1134 *rsize = size; 1135 error: 1136 if (bbuf != PTOV(V86_IO_BUFFER)) 1137 bio_free(bbuf, bio_size); 1138 return (rc); 1139 } 1140 1141 static int 1142 bd_edd_io(bdinfo_t *bd, daddr_t dblk, int blks, caddr_t dest, 1143 int dowrite) 1144 { 1145 static struct edd_packet packet; 1146 1147 TSENTER(); 1148 1149 packet.len = sizeof(struct edd_packet); 1150 packet.count = blks; 1151 packet.off = VTOPOFF(dest); 1152 packet.seg = VTOPSEG(dest); 1153 packet.lba = dblk; 1154 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 1155 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 1156 if (dowrite == BD_WR) 1157 v86.eax = CMD_WRITE_LBA; /* maybe Write with verify 0x4302? */ 1158 else 1159 v86.eax = CMD_READ_LBA; 1160 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 1161 v86.ds = VTOPSEG(&packet); 1162 v86.esi = VTOPOFF(&packet); 1163 v86int(); 1164 if (V86_CY(v86.efl)) 1165 return (v86.eax >> 8); 1166 1167 TSEXIT(); 1168 return (0); 1169 } 1170 1171 static int 1172 bd_chs_io(bdinfo_t *bd, daddr_t dblk, int blks, caddr_t dest, 1173 int dowrite) 1174 { 1175 uint32_t x, bpc, cyl, hd, sec; 1176 1177 TSENTER(); 1178 1179 bpc = bd->bd_sec * bd->bd_hds; /* blocks per cylinder */ 1180 x = dblk; 1181 cyl = x / bpc; /* block # / blocks per cylinder */ 1182 x %= bpc; /* block offset into cylinder */ 1183 hd = x / bd->bd_sec; /* offset / blocks per track */ 1184 sec = x % bd->bd_sec; /* offset into track */ 1185 1186 /* correct sector number for 1-based BIOS numbering */ 1187 sec++; 1188 1189 if (cyl > 1023) { 1190 /* CHS doesn't support cylinders > 1023. */ 1191 return (1); 1192 } 1193 1194 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 1195 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 1196 if (dowrite == BD_WR) 1197 v86.eax = CMD_WRITE_CHS | blks; 1198 else 1199 v86.eax = CMD_READ_CHS | blks; 1200 v86.ecx = ((cyl & 0xff) << 8) | ((cyl & 0x300) >> 2) | sec; 1201 v86.edx = (hd << 8) | bd->bd_unit; 1202 v86.es = VTOPSEG(dest); 1203 v86.ebx = VTOPOFF(dest); 1204 v86int(); 1205 if (V86_CY(v86.efl)) 1206 return (v86.eax >> 8); 1207 TSEXIT(); 1208 return (0); 1209 } 1210 1211 static void 1212 bd_io_workaround(bdinfo_t *bd) 1213 { 1214 uint8_t buf[8 * 1024]; 1215 1216 bd_edd_io(bd, 0xffffffff, 1, (caddr_t)buf, BD_RD); 1217 } 1218 1219 static int 1220 bd_io(struct disk_devdesc *dev, bdinfo_t *bd, daddr_t dblk, int blks, 1221 caddr_t dest, int dowrite) 1222 { 1223 int result, retry; 1224 1225 TSENTER(); 1226 1227 /* Just in case some idiot actually tries to read/write -1 blocks... */ 1228 if (blks < 0) 1229 return (-1); 1230 1231 /* 1232 * Workaround for a problem with some HP ProLiant BIOS failing to work 1233 * out the boot disk after installation. hrs and kuriyama discovered 1234 * this problem with an HP ProLiant DL320e Gen 8 with a 3TB HDD, and 1235 * discovered that an int13h call seems to cause a buffer overrun in 1236 * the bios. The problem is alleviated by doing an extra read before 1237 * the buggy read. It is not immediately known whether other models 1238 * are similarly affected. 1239 * Loop retrying the operation a couple of times. The BIOS 1240 * may also retry. 1241 */ 1242 if (dowrite == BD_RD && dblk >= 0x100000000) 1243 bd_io_workaround(bd); 1244 for (retry = 0; retry < 3; retry++) { 1245 if (bd->bd_flags & BD_MODEEDD) 1246 result = bd_edd_io(bd, dblk, blks, dest, dowrite); 1247 else 1248 result = bd_chs_io(bd, dblk, blks, dest, dowrite); 1249 1250 if (result == 0) { 1251 if (bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) 1252 bd->bd_flags &= ~BD_NO_MEDIA; 1253 break; 1254 } 1255 1256 bd_reset_disk(bd->bd_unit); 1257 1258 /* 1259 * Error codes: 1260 * 20h controller failure 1261 * 31h no media in drive (IBM/MS INT 13 extensions) 1262 * 80h no media in drive, VMWare (Fusion) 1263 * There is no reason to repeat the IO with errors above. 1264 */ 1265 if (result == 0x20 || result == 0x31 || result == 0x80) { 1266 bd->bd_flags |= BD_NO_MEDIA; 1267 break; 1268 } 1269 } 1270 1271 if (result != 0 && (bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == 0) { 1272 if (dowrite == BD_WR) { 1273 printf("%s%d: Write %d sector(s) from %p (0x%x) " 1274 "to %lld: 0x%x\n", dev->dd.d_dev->dv_name, 1275 dev->dd.d_unit, blks, dest, VTOP(dest), dblk, 1276 result); 1277 } else { 1278 printf("%s%d: Read %d sector(s) from %lld to %p " 1279 "(0x%x): 0x%x\n", dev->dd.d_dev->dv_name, 1280 dev->dd.d_unit, blks, dblk, dest, VTOP(dest), 1281 result); 1282 } 1283 } 1284 1285 TSEXIT(); 1286 1287 return (result); 1288 } 1289 1290 /* 1291 * Return a suitable dev_t value for (dev). 1292 * 1293 * In the case where it looks like (dev) is a SCSI disk, we allow the number of 1294 * IDE disks to be specified in $num_ide_disks. There should be a Better Way. 1295 */ 1296 int 1297 bd_getdev(struct i386_devdesc *d) 1298 { 1299 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 1300 bdinfo_t *bd; 1301 int biosdev; 1302 int major; 1303 int rootdev; 1304 char *nip, *cp; 1305 int i, unit, slice, partition; 1306 1307 /* XXX: Assume partition 'a'. */ 1308 slice = 0; 1309 partition = 0; 1310 1311 dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)d; 1312 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 1313 if (bd == NULL) 1314 return (-1); 1315 1316 biosdev = bd_unit2bios(d); 1317 DPRINTF("unit %d BIOS device %d", dev->dd.d_unit, biosdev); 1318 if (biosdev == -1) /* not a BIOS device */ 1319 return (-1); 1320 1321 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 1322 if (disk_open(dev, bd->bd_sectors * bd->bd_sectorsize, 1323 bd->bd_sectorsize) != 0) /* oops, not a viable device */ 1324 return (-1); 1325 else 1326 disk_close(dev); 1327 slice = dev->d_slice + 1; 1328 partition = dev->d_partition; 1329 } 1330 1331 if (biosdev < 0x80) { 1332 /* floppy (or emulated floppy) or ATAPI device */ 1333 if (bd->bd_type == DT_ATAPI) { 1334 /* is an ATAPI disk */ 1335 major = WFDMAJOR; 1336 } else { 1337 /* is a floppy disk */ 1338 major = FDMAJOR; 1339 } 1340 } else { 1341 /* assume an IDE disk */ 1342 major = WDMAJOR; 1343 } 1344 /* default root disk unit number */ 1345 unit = biosdev & 0x7f; 1346 1347 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_CD) { 1348 /* 1349 * XXX: Need to examine device spec here to figure out if 1350 * SCSI or ATAPI. No idea on how to figure out device number. 1351 * All we can really pass to the kernel is what bus and device 1352 * on which bus we were booted from, which dev_t isn't well 1353 * suited to since those number don't match to unit numbers 1354 * very well. We may just need to engage in a hack where 1355 * we pass -C to the boot args if we are the boot device. 1356 */ 1357 major = ACDMAJOR; 1358 unit = 0; /* XXX */ 1359 } 1360 1361 /* XXX a better kludge to set the root disk unit number */ 1362 if ((nip = getenv("root_disk_unit")) != NULL) { 1363 i = strtol(nip, &cp, 0); 1364 /* check for parse error */ 1365 if ((cp != nip) && (*cp == 0)) 1366 unit = i; 1367 } 1368 1369 rootdev = MAKEBOOTDEV(major, slice, unit, partition); 1370 DPRINTF("dev is 0x%x\n", rootdev); 1371 return (rootdev); 1372 } 1373