xref: /freebsd/stand/efi/loader/copy.c (revision cd8537910406e68d4719136a5b0cf6d23bb1b23b)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2013 The FreeBSD Foundation
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This software was developed by Benno Rice under sponsorship from
6  * the FreeBSD Foundation.
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 
34 #include <stand.h>
35 #include <bootstrap.h>
36 
37 #include <efi.h>
38 #include <efilib.h>
39 
40 #include "loader_efi.h"
41 
42 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__amd64__)
43 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
44 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
45 #include <machine/vmparam.h>
46 
47 /*
48  * The code is excerpted from sys/x86/x86/identcpu.c: identify_cpu(),
49  * identify_hypervisor(), and dev/hyperv/vmbus/hyperv.c: hyperv_identify().
50  */
51 #define CPUID_LEAF_HV_MAXLEAF		0x40000000
52 #define CPUID_LEAF_HV_INTERFACE		0x40000001
53 #define CPUID_LEAF_HV_FEATURES		0x40000003
54 #define CPUID_LEAF_HV_LIMITS		0x40000005
55 #define CPUID_HV_IFACE_HYPERV		0x31237648	/* HV#1 */
56 #define CPUID_HV_MSR_TIME_REFCNT	0x0002	/* MSR_HV_TIME_REF_COUNT */
57 #define CPUID_HV_MSR_HYPERCALL		0x0020
58 
59 static int
60 running_on_hyperv(void)
61 {
62 	char hv_vendor[16];
63 	uint32_t regs[4];
64 
65 	do_cpuid(1, regs);
66 	if ((regs[2] & CPUID2_HV) == 0)
67 		return (0);
68 
69 	do_cpuid(CPUID_LEAF_HV_MAXLEAF, regs);
70 	if (regs[0] < CPUID_LEAF_HV_LIMITS)
71 		return (0);
72 
73 	((uint32_t *)&hv_vendor)[0] = regs[1];
74 	((uint32_t *)&hv_vendor)[1] = regs[2];
75 	((uint32_t *)&hv_vendor)[2] = regs[3];
76 	hv_vendor[12] = '\0';
77 	if (strcmp(hv_vendor, "Microsoft Hv") != 0)
78 		return (0);
79 
80 	do_cpuid(CPUID_LEAF_HV_INTERFACE, regs);
81 	if (regs[0] != CPUID_HV_IFACE_HYPERV)
82 		return (0);
83 
84 	do_cpuid(CPUID_LEAF_HV_FEATURES, regs);
85 	if ((regs[0] & CPUID_HV_MSR_HYPERCALL) == 0)
86 		return (0);
87 	if ((regs[0] & CPUID_HV_MSR_TIME_REFCNT) == 0)
88 		return (0);
89 
90 	return (1);
91 }
92 
93 static void
94 efi_verify_staging_size(unsigned long *nr_pages)
95 {
96 	UINTN sz;
97 	EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR *map = NULL, *p;
98 	EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS start, end;
99 	UINTN key, dsz;
100 	UINT32 dver;
101 	EFI_STATUS status;
102 	int i, ndesc;
103 	unsigned long available_pages = 0;
104 
105 	sz = 0;
106 
107 	for (;;) {
108 		status = BS->GetMemoryMap(&sz, map, &key, &dsz, &dver);
109 		if (!EFI_ERROR(status))
110 			break;
111 
112 		if (status != EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL) {
113 			printf("Can't read memory map: %lu\n",
114 			    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
115 			goto out;
116 		}
117 
118 		free(map);
119 
120 		/* Allocate 10 descriptors more than the size reported,
121 		 * to allow for any fragmentation caused by calling
122 		 * malloc */
123 		map = malloc(sz + (10 * dsz));
124 		if (map == NULL) {
125 			printf("Unable to allocate memory\n");
126 			goto out;
127 		}
128 	}
129 
130 	ndesc = sz / dsz;
131 	for (i = 0, p = map; i < ndesc;
132 	     i++, p = NextMemoryDescriptor(p, dsz)) {
133 		start = p->PhysicalStart;
134 		end = start + p->NumberOfPages * EFI_PAGE_SIZE;
135 
136 		if (KERNLOAD < start || KERNLOAD >= end)
137 			continue;
138 
139 		available_pages = p->NumberOfPages -
140 			((KERNLOAD - start) >> EFI_PAGE_SHIFT);
141 		break;
142 	}
143 
144 	if (available_pages == 0) {
145 		printf("Can't find valid memory map for staging area!\n");
146 		goto out;
147 	}
148 
149 	i++;
150 	p = NextMemoryDescriptor(p, dsz);
151 
152 	for ( ; i < ndesc;
153 	     i++, p = NextMemoryDescriptor(p, dsz)) {
154 		if (p->Type != EfiConventionalMemory &&
155 		    p->Type != EfiLoaderData)
156 			break;
157 
158 		if (p->PhysicalStart != end)
159 			break;
160 
161 		end = p->PhysicalStart + p->NumberOfPages * EFI_PAGE_SIZE;
162 
163 		available_pages += p->NumberOfPages;
164 	}
165 
166 	if (*nr_pages > available_pages) {
167 		printf("Staging area's size is reduced: %ld -> %ld!\n",
168 		    *nr_pages, available_pages);
169 		*nr_pages = available_pages;
170 	}
171 out:
172 	free(map);
173 }
174 #endif /* __i386__ || __amd64__ */
175 
176 #ifndef EFI_STAGING_SIZE
177 #if defined(__amd64__)
178 #define	EFI_STAGING_SIZE	100
179 #elif defined(__arm__)
180 #define	EFI_STAGING_SIZE	32
181 #else
182 #define	EFI_STAGING_SIZE	64
183 #endif
184 #endif
185 
186 EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS	staging, staging_end, staging_base;
187 int			stage_offset_set = 0;
188 ssize_t			stage_offset;
189 
190 int
191 efi_copy_init(void)
192 {
193 	EFI_STATUS	status;
194 
195 	unsigned long nr_pages;
196 
197 	nr_pages = EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES((EFI_STAGING_SIZE) * 1024 * 1024);
198 
199 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__amd64__)
200 	/*
201 	 * We'll decrease nr_pages, if it's too big. Currently we only
202 	 * apply this to FreeBSD VM running on Hyper-V. Why? Please see
203 	 * https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=211746#c28
204 	 */
205 	if (running_on_hyperv())
206 		efi_verify_staging_size(&nr_pages);
207 
208 	/*
209 	 * The staging area must reside in the the first 1GB physical
210 	 * memory: see elf64_exec() in
211 	 * boot/efi/loader/arch/amd64/elf64_freebsd.c.
212 	 */
213 	staging = 1024*1024*1024;
214 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateMaxAddress, EfiLoaderData,
215 	    nr_pages, &staging);
216 #else
217 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData,
218 	    nr_pages, &staging);
219 #endif
220 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
221 		printf("failed to allocate staging area: %lu\n",
222 		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
223 		return (status);
224 	}
225 	staging_base = staging;
226 	staging_end = staging + nr_pages * EFI_PAGE_SIZE;
227 
228 #if defined(__aarch64__) || defined(__arm__) || defined(__riscv)
229 	/*
230 	 * Round the kernel load address to a 2MiB value. This is needed
231 	 * because the kernel builds a page table based on where it has
232 	 * been loaded in physical address space. As the kernel will use
233 	 * either a 1MiB or 2MiB page for this we need to make sure it
234 	 * is correctly aligned for both cases.
235 	 */
236 	staging = roundup2(staging, 2 * 1024 * 1024);
237 #endif
238 
239 	return (0);
240 }
241 
242 static bool
243 efi_check_space(vm_offset_t end)
244 {
245 	EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS addr;
246 	EFI_STATUS status;
247 	unsigned long nr_pages;
248 
249 	/* There is already enough space */
250 	if (end <= staging_end)
251 		return (true);
252 
253 	end = roundup2(end, EFI_PAGE_SIZE);
254 	nr_pages = EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(end - staging_end);
255 
256 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__amd64__)
257 	/* X86 needs all memory to be allocated under the 1G boundary */
258 	if (end > 1024*1024*1024)
259 		goto before_staging;
260 #endif
261 
262 	/* Try to allocate more space after the previous allocation */
263 	addr = staging_end;
264 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAddress, EfiLoaderData, nr_pages,
265 	    &addr);
266 	if (!EFI_ERROR(status)) {
267 		staging_end = staging_end + nr_pages * EFI_PAGE_SIZE;
268 		return (true);
269 	}
270 
271 before_staging:
272 	/* Try allocating space before the previous allocation */
273 	if (staging < nr_pages * EFI_PAGE_SIZE) {
274 		printf("Not enough space before allocation\n");
275 		return (false);
276 	}
277 	addr = staging - nr_pages * EFI_PAGE_SIZE;
278 #if defined(__aarch64__) || defined(__arm__) || defined(__riscv)
279 	/* See efi_copy_init for why this is needed */
280 	addr = rounddown2(addr, 2 * 1024 * 1024);
281 #endif
282 	nr_pages = EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(staging_base - addr);
283 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAddress, EfiLoaderData, nr_pages,
284 	    &addr);
285 	if (!EFI_ERROR(status)) {
286 		/*
287 		 * Move the old allocation and update the state so
288 		 * translation still works.
289 		 */
290 		staging_base = addr;
291 		memmove((void *)(uintptr_t)staging_base,
292 		    (void *)(uintptr_t)staging, staging_end - staging);
293 		stage_offset -= (staging - staging_base);
294 		staging = staging_base;
295 		return (true);
296 	}
297 
298 	printf("efi_check_space: Unable to expand staging area\n");
299 	return (false);
300 }
301 
302 void *
303 efi_translate(vm_offset_t ptr)
304 {
305 
306 	return ((void *)(ptr + stage_offset));
307 }
308 
309 ssize_t
310 efi_copyin(const void *src, vm_offset_t dest, const size_t len)
311 {
312 
313 	if (!stage_offset_set) {
314 		stage_offset = (vm_offset_t)staging - dest;
315 		stage_offset_set = 1;
316 	}
317 
318 	/* XXX: Callers do not check for failure. */
319 	if (!efi_check_space(dest + stage_offset + len)) {
320 		errno = ENOMEM;
321 		return (-1);
322 	}
323 	bcopy(src, (void *)(dest + stage_offset), len);
324 	return (len);
325 }
326 
327 ssize_t
328 efi_copyout(const vm_offset_t src, void *dest, const size_t len)
329 {
330 
331 	/* XXX: Callers do not check for failure. */
332 	if (src + stage_offset + len > staging_end) {
333 		errno = ENOMEM;
334 		return (-1);
335 	}
336 	bcopy((void *)(src + stage_offset), dest, len);
337 	return (len);
338 }
339 
340 
341 ssize_t
342 efi_readin(readin_handle_t fd, vm_offset_t dest, const size_t len)
343 {
344 
345 	if (!stage_offset_set) {
346 		stage_offset = (vm_offset_t)staging - dest;
347 		stage_offset_set = 1;
348 	}
349 
350 	if (!efi_check_space(dest + stage_offset + len)) {
351 		errno = ENOMEM;
352 		return (-1);
353 	}
354 	return (VECTX_READ(fd, (void *)(dest + stage_offset), len));
355 }
356 
357 void
358 efi_copy_finish(void)
359 {
360 	uint64_t	*src, *dst, *last;
361 
362 	src = (uint64_t *)(uintptr_t)staging;
363 	dst = (uint64_t *)(uintptr_t)(staging - stage_offset);
364 	last = (uint64_t *)(uintptr_t)staging_end;
365 
366 	while (src < last)
367 		*dst++ = *src++;
368 }
369