xref: /freebsd/stand/efi/loader/arch/amd64/trap.c (revision 62cfcf62f627e5093fb37026a6d8c98e4d2ef04c)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2016 The FreeBSD Foundation
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This software was developed by Konstantin Belousov under sponsorship
6  * from the FreeBSD Foundation.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
32 
33 #include <stand.h>
34 #include <string.h>
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
37 #include <machine/psl.h>
38 #include <machine/segments.h>
39 #include <machine/frame.h>
40 #include <machine/tss.h>
41 
42 #include <efi.h>
43 #include <efilib.h>
44 
45 #include "bootstrap.h"
46 #include "loader_efi.h"
47 
48 #define	NUM_IST	8
49 #define	NUM_EXC	32
50 
51 /*
52  * This code catches exceptions but forwards hardware interrupts to
53  * handlers installed by firmware.  It differentiates exceptions
54  * vs. interrupts by presence of the error code on the stack, which
55  * causes different stack pointer value on trap handler entry.
56  *
57  * Use kernel layout for the trapframe just to not be original.
58  *
59  * Use free IST slot in existing TSS, or create our own TSS if
60  * firmware did not configured any, to have stack switched to
61  * IST-specified one, e.g. to handle #SS.  If hand-off cannot find
62  * unused IST slot, or create a new descriptor in GDT, we bail out.
63  */
64 
65 static struct region_descriptor fw_idt;	/* Descriptor for pristine fw IDT */
66 static struct region_descriptor loader_idt;/* Descriptor for loader
67 					   shadow IDT */
68 static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS lidt_pa;	/* Address of loader shadow IDT */
69 static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS tss_pa;	/* Address of TSS */
70 static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS exc_stack_pa;/* Address of IST stack for loader */
71 EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS exc_rsp;	/* %rsp value on our IST stack when
72 				   exception happens */
73 EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS fw_intr_handlers[NUM_EXC]; /* fw handlers for < 32 IDT
74 						   vectors */
75 static int intercepted[NUM_EXC];
76 static int ist;				/* IST for exception handlers */
77 static uint32_t tss_fw_seg;		/* Fw TSS segment */
78 static uint32_t loader_tss;		/* Loader TSS segment */
79 static struct region_descriptor fw_gdt;	/* Descriptor of pristine GDT */
80 static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS loader_gdt_pa; /* Address of loader shadow GDT */
81 
82 void report_exc(struct trapframe *tf);
83 void
84 report_exc(struct trapframe *tf)
85 {
86 
87 	/*
88 	 * printf() depends on loader runtime and UEFI firmware health
89 	 * to produce the console output, in case of exception, the
90 	 * loader or firmware runtime may fail to support the printf().
91 	 */
92 	printf("===================================================="
93 	    "============================\n");
94 	printf("Exception %u\n", tf->tf_trapno);
95 	printf("ss 0x%04hx cs 0x%04hx ds 0x%04hx es 0x%04hx fs 0x%04hx "
96 	    "gs 0x%04hx\n",
97 	    (uint16_t)tf->tf_ss, (uint16_t)tf->tf_cs, (uint16_t)tf->tf_ds,
98 	    (uint16_t)tf->tf_es, (uint16_t)tf->tf_fs, (uint16_t)tf->tf_gs);
99 	printf("err 0x%08x rfl 0x%08x addr 0x%016lx\n"
100 	    "rsp 0x%016lx rip 0x%016lx\n",
101 	    (uint32_t)tf->tf_err, (uint32_t)tf->tf_rflags, tf->tf_addr,
102 	    tf->tf_rsp, tf->tf_rip);
103 	printf(
104 	    "rdi 0x%016lx rsi 0x%016lx rdx 0x%016lx\n"
105 	    "rcx 0x%016lx r8  0x%016lx r9  0x%016lx\n"
106 	    "rax 0x%016lx rbx 0x%016lx rbp 0x%016lx\n"
107 	    "r10 0x%016lx r11 0x%016lx r12 0x%016lx\n"
108 	    "r13 0x%016lx r14 0x%016lx r15 0x%016lx\n",
109 	    tf->tf_rdi, tf->tf_rsi, tf->tf_rdx, tf->tf_rcx, tf->tf_r8,
110 	    tf->tf_r9, tf->tf_rax, tf->tf_rbx, tf->tf_rbp, tf->tf_r10,
111 	    tf->tf_r11, tf->tf_r12, tf->tf_r13, tf->tf_r14, tf->tf_r15);
112 	printf("Machine stopped.\n");
113 }
114 
115 static void
116 prepare_exception(unsigned idx, uint64_t my_handler,
117     int ist_use_table[static NUM_IST])
118 {
119 	struct gate_descriptor *fw_idt_e, *loader_idt_e;
120 
121 	fw_idt_e = &((struct gate_descriptor *)fw_idt.rd_base)[idx];
122 	loader_idt_e = &((struct gate_descriptor *)loader_idt.rd_base)[idx];
123 	fw_intr_handlers[idx] = fw_idt_e->gd_looffset +
124 	    (fw_idt_e->gd_hioffset << 16);
125 	intercepted[idx] = 1;
126 	ist_use_table[fw_idt_e->gd_ist]++;
127 	loader_idt_e->gd_looffset = my_handler;
128 	loader_idt_e->gd_hioffset = my_handler >> 16;
129 	/*
130 	 * We reuse uefi selector for the code segment for the exception
131 	 * handler code, while the reason for the fault might be the
132 	 * corruption of that gdt entry. On the other hand, allocating
133 	 * our own descriptor might be not much better, if gdt is corrupted.
134 	 */
135 	loader_idt_e->gd_selector = fw_idt_e->gd_selector;
136 	loader_idt_e->gd_ist = 0;
137 	loader_idt_e->gd_type = SDT_SYSIGT;
138 	loader_idt_e->gd_dpl = 0;
139 	loader_idt_e->gd_p = 1;
140 	loader_idt_e->gd_xx = 0;
141 	loader_idt_e->sd_xx1 = 0;
142 }
143 #define	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(N)						\
144     extern char EXC##N##_handler[];					\
145     prepare_exception(N, (uintptr_t)EXC##N##_handler, ist_use_table);
146 
147 static void
148 free_tables(void)
149 {
150 
151 	if (lidt_pa != 0) {
152 		BS->FreePages(lidt_pa, EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(fw_idt.rd_limit));
153 		lidt_pa = 0;
154 	}
155 	if (exc_stack_pa != 0) {
156 		BS->FreePages(exc_stack_pa, 1);
157 		exc_stack_pa = 0;
158 	}
159 	if (tss_pa != 0 && tss_fw_seg == 0) {
160 		BS->FreePages(tss_pa, EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(sizeof(struct
161 		    amd64tss)));
162 		tss_pa = 0;
163 	}
164 	if (loader_gdt_pa != 0) {
165 		BS->FreePages(tss_pa, 2);
166 		loader_gdt_pa = 0;
167 	}
168 	ist = 0;
169 	loader_tss = 0;
170 }
171 
172 static int
173 efi_setup_tss(struct region_descriptor *gdt, uint32_t loader_tss_idx,
174     struct amd64tss **tss)
175 {
176 	EFI_STATUS status;
177 	struct system_segment_descriptor *tss_desc;
178 
179 	tss_desc = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)(gdt->rd_base +
180 	    (loader_tss_idx << 3));
181 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData,
182 	    EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(sizeof(struct amd64tss)), &tss_pa);
183 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
184 		printf("efi_setup_tss: AllocatePages tss error %lu\n",
185 		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
186 		return (0);
187 	}
188 	*tss = (struct amd64tss *)tss_pa;
189 	bzero(*tss, sizeof(**tss));
190 	tss_desc->sd_lolimit = sizeof(struct amd64tss);
191 	tss_desc->sd_lobase = tss_pa;
192 	tss_desc->sd_type = SDT_SYSTSS;
193 	tss_desc->sd_dpl = 0;
194 	tss_desc->sd_p = 1;
195 	tss_desc->sd_hilimit = sizeof(struct amd64tss) >> 16;
196 	tss_desc->sd_gran = 0;
197 	tss_desc->sd_hibase = tss_pa >> 24;
198 	tss_desc->sd_xx0 = 0;
199 	tss_desc->sd_xx1 = 0;
200 	tss_desc->sd_mbz = 0;
201 	tss_desc->sd_xx2 = 0;
202 	return (1);
203 }
204 
205 static int
206 efi_redirect_exceptions(void)
207 {
208 	int ist_use_table[NUM_IST];
209 	struct gate_descriptor *loader_idt_e;
210 	struct system_segment_descriptor *tss_desc, *gdt_desc;
211 	struct amd64tss *tss;
212 	struct region_descriptor *gdt_rd, loader_gdt;
213 	uint32_t i;
214 	EFI_STATUS status;
215 	register_t rfl;
216 
217 	sidt(&fw_idt);
218 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData,
219 	    EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(fw_idt.rd_limit), &lidt_pa);
220 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
221 		printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: AllocatePages IDT error %lu\n",
222 		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
223 		lidt_pa = 0;
224 		return (0);
225 	}
226 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData, 1,
227 	    &exc_stack_pa);
228 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
229 		printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: AllocatePages stk error %lu\n",
230 		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
231 		exc_stack_pa = 0;
232 		free_tables();
233 		return (0);
234 	}
235 	loader_idt.rd_limit = fw_idt.rd_limit;
236 	bcopy((void *)fw_idt.rd_base, (void *)loader_idt.rd_base,
237 	    loader_idt.rd_limit);
238 	bzero(ist_use_table, sizeof(ist_use_table));
239 	bzero(fw_intr_handlers, sizeof(fw_intr_handlers));
240 	bzero(intercepted, sizeof(intercepted));
241 
242 	sgdt(&fw_gdt);
243 	tss_fw_seg = read_tr();
244 	gdt_rd = NULL;
245 	if (tss_fw_seg == 0) {
246 		for (i = 2; (i << 3) + sizeof(*gdt_desc) <= fw_gdt.rd_limit;
247 		    i += 2) {
248 			gdt_desc = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)(
249 			    fw_gdt.rd_base + (i << 3));
250 			if (gdt_desc->sd_type == 0 && gdt_desc->sd_mbz == 0) {
251 				gdt_rd = &fw_gdt;
252 				break;
253 			}
254 		}
255 		if (gdt_rd == NULL) {
256 			if (i >= 8190) {
257 				printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: all slots "
258 				    "in gdt are used\n");
259 				free_tables();
260 				return (0);
261 			}
262 			loader_gdt.rd_limit = roundup2(fw_gdt.rd_limit +
263 			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor),
264 			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor)) - 1;
265 			i = (loader_gdt.rd_limit + 1 -
266 			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor)) /
267 			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor) * 2;
268 			status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages,
269 			    EfiLoaderData,
270 			    EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(loader_gdt.rd_limit),
271 			    &loader_gdt_pa);
272 			if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
273 				printf("efi_setup_tss: AllocatePages gdt error "
274 				    "%lu\n",  EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
275 				loader_gdt_pa = 0;
276 				free_tables();
277 				return (0);
278 			}
279 			loader_gdt.rd_base = loader_gdt_pa;
280 			bzero((void *)loader_gdt.rd_base, loader_gdt.rd_limit);
281 			bcopy((void *)fw_gdt.rd_base,
282 			    (void *)loader_gdt.rd_base, fw_gdt.rd_limit);
283 			gdt_rd = &loader_gdt;
284 		}
285 		loader_tss = i << 3;
286 		if (!efi_setup_tss(gdt_rd, i, &tss)) {
287 			tss_pa = 0;
288 			free_tables();
289 			return (0);
290 		}
291 	} else {
292 		tss_desc = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)((char *)
293 		    fw_gdt.rd_base + tss_fw_seg);
294 		if (tss_desc->sd_type != SDT_SYSTSS &&
295 		    tss_desc->sd_type != SDT_SYSBSY) {
296 			printf("LTR points to non-TSS descriptor\n");
297 			free_tables();
298 			return (0);
299 		}
300 		tss_pa = tss_desc->sd_lobase + (tss_desc->sd_hibase << 16);
301 		tss = (struct amd64tss *)tss_pa;
302 		tss_desc->sd_type = SDT_SYSTSS; /* unbusy */
303 	}
304 
305 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(0);
306 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(1);
307 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(2);
308 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(3);
309 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(4);
310 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(5);
311 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(6);
312 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(7);
313 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(8);
314 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(9);
315 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(10);
316 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(11);
317 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(12);
318 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(13);
319 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(14);
320 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(16);
321 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(17);
322 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(18);
323 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(19);
324 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(20);
325 
326 	exc_rsp = exc_stack_pa + PAGE_SIZE -
327 	    (6 /* hw exception frame */ + 3 /* scratch regs */) * 8;
328 
329 	/* Find free IST and use it */
330 	for (ist = 1; ist < NUM_IST; ist++) {
331 		if (ist_use_table[ist] == 0)
332 			break;
333 	}
334 	if (ist == NUM_IST) {
335 		printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: all ISTs used\n");
336 		free_tables();
337 		lidt_pa = 0;
338 		return (0);
339 	}
340 	for (i = 0; i < NUM_EXC; i++) {
341 		loader_idt_e = &((struct gate_descriptor *)loader_idt.
342 		    rd_base)[i];
343 		if (intercepted[i])
344 			loader_idt_e->gd_ist = ist;
345 	}
346 	(&(tss->tss_ist1))[ist - 1] = exc_stack_pa + PAGE_SIZE;
347 
348 	/* Switch to new IDT */
349 	rfl = intr_disable();
350 	if (loader_gdt_pa != 0)
351 		bare_lgdt(&loader_gdt);
352 	if (loader_tss != 0)
353 		ltr(loader_tss);
354 	lidt(&loader_idt);
355 	intr_restore(rfl);
356 	return (1);
357 }
358 
359 static void
360 efi_unredirect_exceptions(void)
361 {
362 	register_t rfl;
363 
364 	if (lidt_pa == 0)
365 		return;
366 
367 	rfl = intr_disable();
368 	if (ist != 0)
369 		(&(((struct amd64tss *)tss_pa)->tss_ist1))[ist - 1] = 0;
370 	if (loader_gdt_pa != 0)
371 		bare_lgdt(&fw_gdt);
372 	if (loader_tss != 0)
373 		ltr(tss_fw_seg);
374 	lidt(&fw_idt);
375 	intr_restore(rfl);
376 	free_tables();
377 }
378 
379 static int
380 command_grab_faults(int argc, char *argv[])
381 {
382 	int res;
383 
384 	res = efi_redirect_exceptions();
385 	if (!res)
386 		printf("failed\n");
387 	return (CMD_OK);
388 }
389 COMMAND_SET(grap_faults, "grab_faults", "grab faults", command_grab_faults);
390 
391 static int
392 command_ungrab_faults(int argc, char *argv[])
393 {
394 
395 	efi_unredirect_exceptions();
396 	return (CMD_OK);
397 }
398 COMMAND_SET(ungrab_faults, "ungrab_faults", "ungrab faults",
399     command_ungrab_faults);
400 
401 static int
402 command_fault(int argc, char *argv[])
403 {
404 
405 	__asm("ud2");
406 	return (CMD_OK);
407 }
408 COMMAND_SET(fault, "fault", "generate fault", command_fault);
409