xref: /freebsd/stand/common/load_elf_obj.c (revision b670c9bafc0e31c7609969bf374b2e80bdc00211)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2004 Ian Dowse <iedowse@freebsd.org>
3  * Copyright (c) 1998 Michael Smith <msmith@freebsd.org>
4  * Copyright (c) 1998 Peter Wemm <peter@freebsd.org>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/param.h>
30 #include <sys/exec.h>
31 #include <sys/linker.h>
32 #include <sys/module.h>
33 #include <machine/elf.h>
34 #include <stand.h>
35 
36 #include "bootstrap.h"
37 #include "modinfo.h"
38 
39 #define COPYOUT(s,d,l)	archsw.arch_copyout((vm_offset_t)(s), d, l)
40 
41 #if defined(__i386__) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 64
42 #undef ELF_TARG_CLASS
43 #undef ELF_TARG_MACH
44 #define ELF_TARG_CLASS  ELFCLASS64
45 #define ELF_TARG_MACH   EM_X86_64
46 #endif
47 
48 typedef struct elf_file {
49 	Elf_Ehdr	hdr;
50 	Elf_Shdr	*e_shdr;
51 
52 	int		symtabindex;	/* Index of symbol table */
53 	int		shstrindex;	/* Index of section name string table */
54 
55 	int		fd;
56 	vm_offset_t	off;
57 #ifdef LOADER_VERIEXEC_VECTX
58 	struct vectx	*vctx;
59 #endif
60 } *elf_file_t;
61 
62 #ifdef LOADER_VERIEXEC_VECTX
63 #define VECTX_HANDLE(ef) (ef)->vctx
64 #else
65 #define VECTX_HANDLE(ef) (ef)->fd
66 #endif
67 
68 static int __elfN(obj_loadimage)(struct preloaded_file *mp, elf_file_t ef,
69     uint64_t loadaddr);
70 static int __elfN(obj_lookup_set)(struct preloaded_file *mp, elf_file_t ef,
71     const char *name, Elf_Addr *startp, Elf_Addr *stopp, int *countp);
72 static int __elfN(obj_reloc_ptr)(struct preloaded_file *mp, elf_file_t ef,
73     Elf_Addr p, void *val, size_t len);
74 static int __elfN(obj_parse_modmetadata)(struct preloaded_file *mp,
75     elf_file_t ef);
76 static Elf_Addr __elfN(obj_symaddr)(struct elf_file *ef, Elf_Size symidx);
77 
78 /*
79  * Attempt to load the file (file) as an ELF module.  It will be stored at
80  * (dest), and a pointer to a module structure describing the loaded object
81  * will be saved in (result).
82  */
83 int
84 __elfN(obj_loadfile)(char *filename, uint64_t dest,
85     struct preloaded_file **result)
86 {
87 	struct preloaded_file *fp, *kfp;
88 	struct elf_file	ef;
89 	Elf_Ehdr *hdr;
90 	int err;
91 	ssize_t bytes_read;
92 
93 	fp = NULL;
94 	bzero(&ef, sizeof(struct elf_file));
95 
96 	/*
97 	 * Open the image, read and validate the ELF header
98 	 */
99 	if (filename == NULL)	/* can't handle nameless */
100 		return(EFTYPE);
101 	if ((ef.fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
102 		return(errno);
103 #ifdef LOADER_VERIEXEC_VECTX
104 	{
105 		int verror;
106 
107 		ef.vctx = vectx_open(ef.fd, filename, 0L, NULL, &verror, __func__);
108 		if (verror) {
109 			printf("Unverified %s: %s\n", filename, ve_error_get());
110 			close(ef.fd);
111 			free(ef.vctx);
112 			return (EAUTH);
113 		}
114 	}
115 #endif
116 
117 	hdr = &ef.hdr;
118 	bytes_read = VECTX_READ(VECTX_HANDLE(&ef), hdr, sizeof(*hdr));
119 	if (bytes_read != sizeof(*hdr)) {
120 		err = EFTYPE;	/* could be EIO, but may be small file */
121 		goto oerr;
122 	}
123 
124 	/* Is it ELF? */
125 	if (!IS_ELF(*hdr)) {
126 		err = EFTYPE;
127 		goto oerr;
128 	}
129 	if (hdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELF_TARG_CLASS ||	/* Layout ? */
130 	    hdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] != ELF_TARG_DATA ||
131 	    hdr->e_ident[EI_VERSION] != EV_CURRENT ||	/* Version ? */
132 	    hdr->e_version != EV_CURRENT ||
133 	    hdr->e_machine != ELF_TARG_MACH ||		/* Machine ? */
134 	    hdr->e_type != ET_REL) {
135 		err = EFTYPE;
136 		goto oerr;
137 	}
138 
139 	if (hdr->e_shnum * hdr->e_shentsize == 0 || hdr->e_shoff == 0 ||
140 	    hdr->e_shentsize != sizeof(Elf_Shdr)) {
141 		err = EFTYPE;
142 		goto oerr;
143 	}
144 
145 #if defined(LOADER_VERIEXEC) && !defined(LOADER_VERIEXEC_VECTX)
146 	if (verify_file(ef.fd, filename, bytes_read, VE_MUST, __func__) < 0) {
147 		err = EAUTH;
148 		goto oerr;
149 	}
150 #endif
151 
152 	kfp = file_findfile(NULL, md_kerntype);
153 	if (kfp == NULL) {
154 		printf("elf" __XSTRING(__ELF_WORD_SIZE)
155 		    "_obj_loadfile: can't load module before kernel\n");
156 		err = EPERM;
157 		goto oerr;
158 	}
159 
160 	dest = md_align(dest);
161 
162 	/*
163 	 * Ok, we think we should handle this.
164 	 */
165 	fp = file_alloc();
166 	if (fp == NULL) {
167 		printf("elf" __XSTRING(__ELF_WORD_SIZE)
168 		    "_obj_loadfile: cannot allocate module info\n");
169 		err = EPERM;
170 		goto out;
171 	}
172 	fp->f_name = strdup(filename);
173 	fp->f_type = strdup(md_modtype_obj);
174 
175 	if (module_verbose > MODULE_VERBOSE_SILENT)
176 		printf("%s ", filename);
177 
178 	fp->f_size = __elfN(obj_loadimage)(fp, &ef, dest);
179 	if (fp->f_size == 0 || fp->f_addr == 0)
180 		goto ioerr;
181 
182 	/* save exec header as metadata */
183 	file_addmetadata(fp, MODINFOMD_ELFHDR, sizeof(*hdr), hdr);
184 
185 	/* Load OK, return module pointer */
186 	*result = (struct preloaded_file *)fp;
187 	err = 0;
188 	goto out;
189 
190 ioerr:
191 	err = EIO;
192 oerr:
193 	file_discard(fp);
194 out:
195 #ifdef LOADER_VERIEXEC_VECTX
196 	if (!err && ef.vctx) {
197 		int verror;
198 
199 		verror = vectx_close(ef.vctx, VE_MUST, __func__);
200 		if (verror) {
201 			err = EAUTH;
202 			file_discard(fp);
203 		}
204 	}
205 #endif
206 	close(ef.fd);
207 	if (ef.e_shdr != NULL)
208 		free(ef.e_shdr);
209 
210 	return(err);
211 }
212 
213 /*
214  * With the file (fd) open on the image, and (ehdr) containing
215  * the Elf header, load the image at (off)
216  */
217 static int
218 __elfN(obj_loadimage)(struct preloaded_file *fp, elf_file_t ef, uint64_t off)
219 {
220 	Elf_Ehdr *hdr;
221 	Elf_Shdr *shdr, *cshdr, *lshdr;
222 	vm_offset_t firstaddr, lastaddr;
223 	int i, nsym, res, ret, shdrbytes, symstrindex;
224 
225 	ret = 0;
226 	firstaddr = lastaddr = (vm_offset_t)off;
227 	hdr = &ef->hdr;
228 	ef->off = (vm_offset_t)off;
229 
230 	/* Read in the section headers. */
231 	shdrbytes = hdr->e_shnum * hdr->e_shentsize;
232 	shdr = alloc_pread(VECTX_HANDLE(ef), (off_t)hdr->e_shoff, shdrbytes);
233 	if (shdr == NULL) {
234 		printf("\nelf" __XSTRING(__ELF_WORD_SIZE)
235 		    "_obj_loadimage: read section headers failed\n");
236 		goto out;
237 	}
238 	ef->e_shdr = shdr;
239 
240 	/*
241 	 * Decide where to load everything, but don't read it yet.
242 	 * We store the load address as a non-zero sh_addr value.
243 	 * Start with the code/data and bss.
244 	 */
245 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++)
246 		shdr[i].sh_addr = 0;
247 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
248 		if (shdr[i].sh_size == 0)
249 			continue;
250 		switch (shdr[i].sh_type) {
251 		case SHT_PROGBITS:
252 		case SHT_NOBITS:
253 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__amd64__)
254 		case SHT_X86_64_UNWIND:
255 #endif
256 		case SHT_INIT_ARRAY:
257 		case SHT_FINI_ARRAY:
258 			if ((shdr[i].sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) == 0)
259 				break;
260 			lastaddr = roundup(lastaddr, shdr[i].sh_addralign);
261 			shdr[i].sh_addr = (Elf_Addr)lastaddr;
262 			lastaddr += shdr[i].sh_size;
263 			break;
264 		}
265 	}
266 
267 	/* Symbols. */
268 	nsym = 0;
269 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
270 		switch (shdr[i].sh_type) {
271 		case SHT_SYMTAB:
272 			nsym++;
273 			ef->symtabindex = i;
274 			break;
275 		}
276 	}
277 	if (nsym != 1) {
278 		printf("\nelf" __XSTRING(__ELF_WORD_SIZE)
279 		    "_obj_loadimage: file has no valid symbol table\n");
280 		goto out;
281 	}
282 	lastaddr = roundup(lastaddr, shdr[ef->symtabindex].sh_addralign);
283 	shdr[ef->symtabindex].sh_addr = (Elf_Addr)lastaddr;
284 	lastaddr += shdr[ef->symtabindex].sh_size;
285 
286 	symstrindex = shdr[ef->symtabindex].sh_link;
287 	if (symstrindex < 0 || symstrindex >= hdr->e_shnum ||
288 	    shdr[symstrindex].sh_type != SHT_STRTAB) {
289 		printf("\nelf" __XSTRING(__ELF_WORD_SIZE)
290 		    "_obj_loadimage: file has invalid symbol strings\n");
291 		goto out;
292 	}
293 	lastaddr = roundup(lastaddr, shdr[symstrindex].sh_addralign);
294 	shdr[symstrindex].sh_addr = (Elf_Addr)lastaddr;
295 	lastaddr += shdr[symstrindex].sh_size;
296 
297 	/* Section names. */
298 	if (hdr->e_shstrndx == 0 || hdr->e_shstrndx >= hdr->e_shnum ||
299 	    shdr[hdr->e_shstrndx].sh_type != SHT_STRTAB) {
300 		printf("\nelf" __XSTRING(__ELF_WORD_SIZE)
301 		    "_obj_loadimage: file has no section names\n");
302 		goto out;
303 	}
304 	ef->shstrindex = hdr->e_shstrndx;
305 	lastaddr = roundup(lastaddr, shdr[ef->shstrindex].sh_addralign);
306 	shdr[ef->shstrindex].sh_addr = (Elf_Addr)lastaddr;
307 	lastaddr += shdr[ef->shstrindex].sh_size;
308 
309 	/* Relocation tables. */
310 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
311 		switch (shdr[i].sh_type) {
312 		case SHT_REL:
313 		case SHT_RELA:
314 			if ((shdr[shdr[i].sh_info].sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) == 0)
315 				break;
316 			lastaddr = roundup(lastaddr, shdr[i].sh_addralign);
317 			shdr[i].sh_addr = (Elf_Addr)lastaddr;
318 			lastaddr += shdr[i].sh_size;
319 			break;
320 		}
321 	}
322 
323 	/* Clear the whole area, including bss regions. */
324 	kern_bzero(firstaddr, lastaddr - firstaddr);
325 
326 	/* Figure section with the lowest file offset we haven't loaded yet. */
327 	for (cshdr = NULL; /* none */; /* none */)
328 	{
329 		/*
330 		 * Find next section to load. The complexity of this loop is
331 		 * O(n^2), but with  the number of sections being typically
332 		 * small, we do not care.
333 		 */
334 		lshdr = cshdr;
335 
336 		for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
337 			if (shdr[i].sh_addr == 0 ||
338 			    shdr[i].sh_type == SHT_NOBITS)
339 				continue;
340 			/* Skip sections that were loaded already. */
341 			if (lshdr != NULL &&
342 			    lshdr->sh_offset >= shdr[i].sh_offset)
343 				continue;
344 			/* Find section with smallest offset. */
345 			if (cshdr == lshdr ||
346 			    cshdr->sh_offset > shdr[i].sh_offset)
347 				cshdr = &shdr[i];
348 		}
349 
350 		if (cshdr == lshdr)
351 			break;
352 
353 		if (kern_pread(VECTX_HANDLE(ef), (vm_offset_t)cshdr->sh_addr,
354 		    cshdr->sh_size, (off_t)cshdr->sh_offset) != 0) {
355 			printf("\nelf" __XSTRING(__ELF_WORD_SIZE)
356 			    "_obj_loadimage: read failed\n");
357 			goto out;
358 		}
359 	}
360 
361 	file_addmetadata(fp, MODINFOMD_SHDR, shdrbytes, shdr);
362 
363 	res = __elfN(obj_parse_modmetadata)(fp, ef);
364 	if (res != 0)
365 		goto out;
366 
367 	ret = lastaddr - firstaddr;
368 	fp->f_addr = firstaddr;
369 
370 	if (module_verbose > MODULE_VERBOSE_SILENT)
371 		printf("size 0x%lx at 0x%lx", (u_long)ret, (u_long)firstaddr);
372 
373 out:
374 	if (module_verbose > MODULE_VERBOSE_SILENT)
375 		printf("\n");
376 	return ret;
377 }
378 
379 #if defined(__i386__) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 64
380 struct mod_metadata64 {
381 	int		md_version;	/* structure version MDTV_* */
382 	int		md_type;	/* type of entry MDT_* */
383 	uint64_t	md_data;	/* specific data */
384 	uint64_t	md_cval;	/* common string label */
385 };
386 #endif
387 
388 int
389 __elfN(obj_parse_modmetadata)(struct preloaded_file *fp, elf_file_t ef)
390 {
391 	struct mod_metadata md;
392 #if defined(__i386__) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 64
393 	struct mod_metadata64 md64;
394 #endif
395 	struct mod_depend *mdepend;
396 	struct mod_version mver;
397 	char *s;
398 	int error, modcnt, minfolen;
399 	Elf_Addr v, p, p_stop;
400 
401 	if (__elfN(obj_lookup_set)(fp, ef, "modmetadata_set", &p, &p_stop,
402 	    &modcnt) != 0)
403 		return 0;
404 
405 	modcnt = 0;
406 	while (p < p_stop) {
407 		COPYOUT(p, &v, sizeof(v));
408 		error = __elfN(obj_reloc_ptr)(fp, ef, p, &v, sizeof(v));
409 		if (error != 0)
410 			return (error);
411 #if defined(__i386__) && __ELF_WORD_SIZE == 64
412 		COPYOUT(v, &md64, sizeof(md64));
413 		error = __elfN(obj_reloc_ptr)(fp, ef, v, &md64, sizeof(md64));
414 		if (error != 0)
415 			return (error);
416 		md.md_version = md64.md_version;
417 		md.md_type = md64.md_type;
418 		md.md_cval = (const char *)(uintptr_t)md64.md_cval;
419 		md.md_data = (void *)(uintptr_t)md64.md_data;
420 #else
421 		COPYOUT(v, &md, sizeof(md));
422 		error = __elfN(obj_reloc_ptr)(fp, ef, v, &md, sizeof(md));
423 		if (error != 0)
424 			return (error);
425 #endif
426 		p += sizeof(Elf_Addr);
427 		switch(md.md_type) {
428 		case MDT_DEPEND:
429 			s = strdupout((vm_offset_t)md.md_cval);
430 			minfolen = sizeof(*mdepend) + strlen(s) + 1;
431 			mdepend = malloc(minfolen);
432 			if (mdepend == NULL)
433 				return ENOMEM;
434 			COPYOUT((vm_offset_t)md.md_data, mdepend,
435 			    sizeof(*mdepend));
436 			strcpy((char*)(mdepend + 1), s);
437 			free(s);
438 			file_addmetadata(fp, MODINFOMD_DEPLIST, minfolen,
439 			    mdepend);
440 			free(mdepend);
441 			break;
442 		case MDT_VERSION:
443 			s = strdupout((vm_offset_t)md.md_cval);
444 			COPYOUT((vm_offset_t)md.md_data, &mver, sizeof(mver));
445 			file_addmodule(fp, s, mver.mv_version, NULL);
446 			free(s);
447 			modcnt++;
448 			break;
449 		case MDT_MODULE:
450 		case MDT_PNP_INFO:
451 			break;
452 		default:
453 			printf("unknown type %d\n", md.md_type);
454 			break;
455 		}
456 	}
457 	return 0;
458 }
459 
460 static int
461 __elfN(obj_lookup_set)(struct preloaded_file *fp, elf_file_t ef,
462     const char* name, Elf_Addr *startp, Elf_Addr *stopp, int *countp)
463 {
464 	Elf_Ehdr *hdr;
465 	Elf_Shdr *shdr;
466 	char *p;
467 	vm_offset_t shstrtab;
468 	int i;
469 
470 	hdr = &ef->hdr;
471 	shdr = ef->e_shdr;
472 	shstrtab = shdr[ef->shstrindex].sh_addr;
473 
474 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
475 		if (shdr[i].sh_type != SHT_PROGBITS)
476 			continue;
477 		if (shdr[i].sh_name == 0)
478 			continue;
479 		p = strdupout(shstrtab + shdr[i].sh_name);
480 		if (strncmp(p, "set_", 4) == 0 && strcmp(p + 4, name) == 0) {
481 			*startp = shdr[i].sh_addr;
482 			*stopp = shdr[i].sh_addr +  shdr[i].sh_size;
483 			*countp = (*stopp - *startp) / sizeof(Elf_Addr);
484 			free(p);
485 			return (0);
486 		}
487 		free(p);
488 	}
489 
490 	return (ESRCH);
491 }
492 
493 /*
494  * Apply any intra-module relocations to the value. p is the load address
495  * of the value and val/len is the value to be modified. This does NOT modify
496  * the image in-place, because this is done by kern_linker later on.
497  */
498 static int
499 __elfN(obj_reloc_ptr)(struct preloaded_file *mp, elf_file_t ef, Elf_Addr p,
500     void *val, size_t len)
501 {
502 	Elf_Ehdr *hdr;
503 	Elf_Shdr *shdr;
504 	Elf_Addr off = p;
505 	Elf_Addr base;
506 	Elf_Rela a, *abase;
507 	Elf_Rel r, *rbase;
508 	int error, i, j, nrel, nrela;
509 
510 	hdr = &ef->hdr;
511 	shdr = ef->e_shdr;
512 
513 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
514 		if (shdr[i].sh_type != SHT_RELA && shdr[i].sh_type != SHT_REL)
515 			continue;
516 		base = shdr[shdr[i].sh_info].sh_addr;
517 		if (base == 0 || shdr[i].sh_addr == 0)
518 			continue;
519 		if (off < base || off + len > base +
520 		    shdr[shdr[i].sh_info].sh_size)
521 			continue;
522 
523 		switch (shdr[i].sh_type) {
524 		case SHT_RELA:
525 			abase = (Elf_Rela *)(intptr_t)shdr[i].sh_addr;
526 
527 			nrela = shdr[i].sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Rela);
528 			for (j = 0; j < nrela; j++) {
529 				COPYOUT(abase + j, &a, sizeof(a));
530 
531 				error = __elfN(reloc)(ef, __elfN(obj_symaddr),
532 				    &a, ELF_RELOC_RELA, base, off, val, len);
533 				if (error != 0)
534 					return (error);
535 			}
536 			break;
537 		case SHT_REL:
538 			rbase = (Elf_Rel *)(intptr_t)shdr[i].sh_addr;
539 
540 			nrel = shdr[i].sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Rel);
541 			for (j = 0; j < nrel; j++) {
542 				COPYOUT(rbase + j, &r, sizeof(r));
543 
544 				error = __elfN(reloc)(ef, __elfN(obj_symaddr),
545 				    &r, ELF_RELOC_REL, base, off, val, len);
546 				if (error != 0)
547 					return (error);
548 			}
549 			break;
550 		}
551 	}
552 	return (0);
553 }
554 
555 /* Look up the address of a specified symbol. */
556 static Elf_Addr
557 __elfN(obj_symaddr)(struct elf_file *ef, Elf_Size symidx)
558 {
559 	Elf_Sym sym;
560 	Elf_Addr base;
561 
562 	if (symidx >= ef->e_shdr[ef->symtabindex].sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Sym))
563 		return (0);
564 	COPYOUT(ef->e_shdr[ef->symtabindex].sh_addr + symidx * sizeof(Elf_Sym),
565 	    &sym, sizeof(sym));
566 	if (sym.st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF || sym.st_shndx >= ef->hdr.e_shnum)
567 		return (0);
568 	base = ef->e_shdr[sym.st_shndx].sh_addr;
569 	if (base == 0)
570 		return (0);
571 	return (base + sym.st_value);
572 }
573