xref: /freebsd/share/man/man9/lock.9 (revision d056fa046c6a91b90cd98165face0e42a33a5173)
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27.\" $FreeBSD$
28.\"
29.Dd June 20, 2006
30.Dt LOCK 9
31.Os
32.Sh NAME
33.Nm lockinit ,
34.Nm lockdestroy ,
35.Nm lockcount ,
36.Nm lockmgr ,
37.Nm lockstatus ,
38.Nm lockmgr_printinfo
39.Nd "lockmgr family of functions"
40.Sh SYNOPSIS
41.In sys/types.h
42.In sys/lockmgr.h
43.Ft void
44.Fn lockinit "struct lock *lkp" "int prio" "const char *wmesg" "int timo" "int flags"
45.Ft void
46.Fn lockdestroy "struct lock *lkp"
47.Ft int
48.Fn lockcount "struct lock *lkp"
49.Ft int
50.Fn lockmgr "struct lock *lkp" "u_int flags" "struct mtx *interlkp" "struct thread *td"
51.Ft int
52.Fn lockstatus "struct lock *lkp" "struct thread *td"
53.Ft void
54.Fn lockmgr_printinfo "struct lock *lkp"
55.Sh DESCRIPTION
56The
57.Fn lockinit
58function is used to initialize a lock.
59It must be called before any operation can be performed on a lock.
60Its arguments are:
61.Bl -tag -width ".Fa wmesg"
62.It Fa lkp
63A pointer to the lock to initialize.
64.It Fa prio
65The priority passed to
66.Xr msleep 9 .
67.It Fa wmesg
68The lock message.
69This is used for both debugging output and
70.Xr msleep 9 .
71.It Fa timo
72The timeout value passed to
73.Xr msleep 9 .
74.It Fa flags
75The flags the lock is to be initialized with.
76.Bl -tag -width ".Dv LG_CANRECURSE"
77.It Dv LK_NOWAIT
78Do not sleep while acquiring the lock.
79.It Dv LK_SLEEPFAIL
80Fail after a sleep.
81.It Dv LK_CANRECURSE
82Allow recursive exclusive locks.
83.It Dv LK_NOSHARE
84Allow exclusive locks only.
85.It Dv LK_TIMELOCK
86Use
87.Fa timo
88during a sleep; otherwise, 0 is used.
89.El
90.El
91.Pp
92The
93.Fn lockdestroy
94function is used to destroy a lock, and while it is called in a number of
95places in the kernel, it currently does nothing.
96.Pp
97The
98.Fn lockcount
99function returns a count of the number of exclusive locks and shared locks
100held against the lock
101.Fa lkp .
102.Pp
103The
104.Fn lockmgr
105function handles general locking functionality within the kernel, including
106support for shared and exclusive locks, and recursion.
107.Fn lockmgr
108is also able to upgrade and downgrade locks.
109.Pp
110Its arguments are:
111.Bl -tag -width ".Fa interlkp"
112.It Fa lkp
113A pointer to the lock to manipulate.
114.It Fa flags
115Flags indicating what action is to be taken.
116.Bl -tag -width ".Dv LK_EXCLUPGRADE"
117.It Dv LK_SHARED
118Acquire a shared lock.
119If an exclusive lock is currently held, it will be downgraded.
120.It Dv LK_EXCLUSIVE
121Acquire an exclusive lock.
122If an exclusive lock is already held, and
123.Dv LK_CANRECURSE
124is not set, the system will
125.Xr panic 9 .
126.It Dv LK_DOWNGRADE
127Downgrade exclusive lock to a shared lock.
128Downgrading a shared lock is not permitted.
129If an exclusive lock has been recursed, all references will be downgraded.
130.It Dv LK_EXCLUPGRADE
131Upgrade a shared lock to an exclusive lock.
132Fails with
133.Er EBUSY
134if there is someone ahead of you in line waiting for an upgrade.
135If this call fails, the shared lock is lost.
136Attempts to upgrade an exclusive lock will cause a
137.Xr panic 9 .
138.It Dv LK_UPGRADE
139Upgrade a shared lock to an exclusive lock.
140If this call fails, the shared lock is lost.
141Attempts to upgrade an exclusive lock will cause a
142.Xr panic 9 .
143.It Dv LK_RELEASE
144Release the lock.
145Releasing a lock that is not held can cause a
146.Xr panic 9 .
147.It Dv LK_DRAIN
148Wait for all activity on the lock to end, then mark it decommissioned.
149This is used before freeing a lock that is part of a piece of memory that is
150about to be freed.
151(As documented in
152.In sys/lockmgr.h . )
153.It Dv LK_SLEEPFAIL
154Fail if operation has slept.
155.It Dv LK_NOWAIT
156Do not allow the call to sleep.
157This can be used to test the lock.
158.It Dv LK_CANRECURSE
159Allow recursion on an exclusive lock.
160For every lock there must be a release.
161.It Dv LK_INTERLOCK
162Unlock the interlock (which should be locked already).
163.El
164.It Fa interlkp
165An interlock mutex for controlling group access to the lock.
166If
167.Dv LK_INTERLOCK
168is specified,
169.Fn lockmgr
170assumes
171.Fa interlkp
172is currently owned and not recursed, and will return it unlocked.
173See
174.Xr mtx_assert 9 .
175.It Fa td
176A thread responsible for this call.
177.Dv NULL
178becomes
179.Dv LK_KERNPROC .
180.El
181.Pp
182The
183.Fn lockstatus
184function returns the status of the lock in relation to the
185.Vt thread
186passed to it.
187Note that if
188.Fa td
189is
190.Dv NULL
191and an exclusive lock is held,
192.Dv LK_EXCLUSIVE
193will be returned.
194.Pp
195The
196.Fn lockmgr_printinfo
197function prints debugging information about the lock.
198It is used primarily by
199.Xr VOP_PRINT 9
200functions.
201.Sh RETURN VALUES
202The
203.Fn lockcount
204function returns an integer greater than or equal to zero.
205.Pp
206The
207.Fn lockmgr
208function returns 0 on success and non-zero on failure.
209.Pp
210The
211.Fn lockstatus
212function returns:
213.Bl -tag -width ".Dv LK_EXCLUSIVE"
214.It Dv LK_EXCLUSIVE
215An exclusive lock is held by the thread
216.Fa td .
217.It Dv LK_EXCLOTHER
218An exclusive lock is held by someone other than the thread
219.Fa td .
220.It Dv LK_SHARED
221A shared lock is held.
222.It Li 0
223The lock is not held by anyone.
224.El
225.Sh ERRORS
226.Fn lockmgr
227fails if:
228.Bl -tag -width Er
229.It Bq Er EBUSY
230.Dv LK_FORCEUPGRADE
231was requested and another thread had already requested a lock upgrade.
232.It Bq Er EBUSY
233.Dv LK_NOWAIT
234was set, and a sleep would have been required.
235.It Bq Er ENOLCK
236.Dv LK_SLEEPFAIL
237was set and
238.Fn lockmgr
239did sleep.
240.It Bq Er EINTR
241.Dv PCATCH
242was set in the lock priority, and a signal was delivered during a sleep.
243Note the
244.Er ERESTART
245error below.
246.It Bq Er ERESTART
247.Dv PCATCH
248was set in the lock priority, a signal was delivered during a sleep,
249and the system call is to be restarted.
250.It Bq Er EWOULDBLOCK
251a non-zero timeout was given, and the timeout expired.
252.El
253.Sh LOCKS
254If
255.Dv LK_INTERLOCK
256is passed in the
257.Fa flags
258argument to
259.Fn lockmgr ,
260the
261.Fa interlkp
262must be held prior to calling
263.Fn lockmgr ,
264and will be returned unlocked.
265.Pp
266Upgrade attempts that fail result in the loss of the lock that
267is currently held.
268Also, it is invalid to upgrade an
269exclusive lock, and a
270.Xr panic 9
271will be the result of trying.
272.Sh SEE ALSO
273.Xr msleep 9 ,
274.Xr mtx_assert 9 ,
275.Xr panic 9 ,
276.Xr VOP_PRINT 9
277.Sh AUTHORS
278This manual page was written by
279.An Chad David Aq davidc@acns.ab.ca .
280