xref: /freebsd/share/man/man9/getenv.9 (revision d4ae33f0721c1b170fe37d97e395228ffcfb3f80)
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28.\" $FreeBSD$
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30.Dd October 22, 2013
31.Dt GETENV 9
32.Os
33.Sh NAME
34.Nm freeenv ,
35.Nm getenv ,
36.Nm getenv_int ,
37.Nm getenv_long ,
38.Nm getenv_string ,
39.Nm getenv_quad ,
40.Nm getenv_uint ,
41.Nm getenv_ulong ,
42.Nm setenv ,
43.Nm testenv ,
44.Nm unsetenv
45.Nd kernel environment variable functions
46.Sh SYNOPSIS
47.In sys/param.h
48.In sys/systm.h
49.Ft void
50.Fn freeenv "char *env"
51.Ft char *
52.Fn getenv "const char *name"
53.Ft int
54.Fn getenv_int "const char *name" "int *data"
55.Ft int
56.Fn getenv_long "const char *name" "long *data"
57.Ft int
58.Fn getenv_string "const char *name" "char *data" "int size"
59.Ft int
60.Fn getenv_quad "const char *name" "quad_t *data"
61.Ft int
62.Fn getenv_uint "const char *name" "unsigned int *data"
63.Ft int
64.Fn getenv_ulong "const char *name" "unsigned long *data"
65.Ft int
66.Fn setenv "const char *name" "const char *value"
67.Ft int
68.Fn testenv "const char *name"
69.Ft int
70.Fn unsetenv "const char *name"
71.Sh DESCRIPTION
72These functions set, unset, fetch, and parse variables from the kernel's
73environment.
74.Pp
75The
76.Fn getenv
77function obtains the current value of the kernel environment variable
78.Fa name
79and returns a pointer to the string value.
80The caller should not modify the string pointed to by the return value.
81.Pp
82The
83.Fn getenv
84function may allocate temporary storage,
85so the
86.Fn freeenv
87function must be called to release any allocated resources when the value
88returned by
89.Fn getenv
90is no longer needed.
91The
92.Fa env
93argument passed to
94.Fn freeenv
95is the pointer returned by the earlier call to
96.Fn getenv .
97.Pp
98The
99.Fn setenv
100function inserts or resets the kernel environment variable
101.Fa name
102to
103.Fa value .
104If the variable
105.Fa name
106already exists,
107its value is replaced.
108This function can fail if an internal limit on the number of environment
109variables is exceeded.
110.Pp
111The
112.Fn unsetenv
113function deletes the kernel environment variable
114.Fa name .
115.Pp
116The
117.Fn testenv
118function is used to determine if a kernel environment variable exists.
119It returns a non-zero value if the variable
120.Fa name
121exists and zero if it does not.
122.Pp
123The
124.Fn getenv_int ,
125.Fn getenv_long ,
126.Fn getenv_quad ,
127.Fn getenv_uint ,
128and
129.Fn getenv_ulong
130functions look for a kernel environment variable
131.Fa name
132and parse it as a signed integer,
133long integer,
134signed 64-bit integer,
135unsigned integer,
136or an unsigned long integer,
137respectively.
138These functions fail and return zero if
139.Fa name
140does not exist or if any invalid characters are present in its value.
141On success,
142these function store the parsed value in the integer variable pointed to
143by
144.Fa data .
145If the parsed value overflows the integer type,
146a truncated value is stored in
147.Fa data
148and zero is returned.
149If the value begins with a prefix of
150.Dq 0x
151it is interpreted as hexadecimal.
152If it begins with a prefix of
153.Dq 0
154it is interpreted as octal.
155Otherwise,
156the value is interpreted as decimal.
157The value may contain a single character suffix specifying a unit for
158the value.
159The interpreted value is multipled by the unit's magnitude before being returned.
160The following unit suffixes are supported:
161.Bl -column -offset indent ".Sy Unit" ".Sy Magnitude"
162.It Sy Unit Ta Sy Magnitude
163.It k Ta 2^10
164.It m Ta 2^20
165.It g Ta 2^30
166.It t Ta 2^40
167.El
168.Pp
169The
170.Fn getenv_string
171function stores a copy of the kernel environment variable
172.Fa name
173in the buffer described by
174.Fa data
175and
176.Fa size.
177If the variable does not exist,
178zero is returned.
179If the variable exists,
180up to
181.Fa size - 1
182characters of it's value are copied to the buffer pointed to by
183.Fa data
184followed by a null character and a non-zero value is returned.
185.Sh RETURN VALUES
186The
187.Fn getenv
188function returns a pointer to an environment variable's value on success or
189.Dv NULL
190if the variable does not exist.
191.Pp
192The
193.Fn setenv
194and
195.Fn unsetenv
196functions return zero on success and -1 on failure.
197.Pp
198The
199.Fn testenv
200function returns zero if the specified environment variable does not exist and
201a non-zero value if it does exist.
202The
203.Fn getenv_int ,
204.Fn getenv_long ,
205.Fn getenv_string ,
206.Fn getenv_quad ,
207.Fn getenv_uint ,
208and
209.Fn getenv_ulong
210functions return a non-zero value on success and zero on failure.
211