xref: /freebsd/share/man/man9/getenv.9 (revision 4d846d260e2b9a3d4d0a701462568268cbfe7a5b)
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30.Dd September 21, 2020
31.Dt GETENV 9
32.Os
33.Sh NAME
34.Nm freeenv ,
35.Nm kern_getenv ,
36.Nm getenv_int ,
37.Nm getenv_long ,
38.Nm getenv_string ,
39.Nm getenv_quad ,
40.Nm getenv_uint ,
41.Nm getenv_ulong ,
42.Nm getenv_bool ,
43.Nm getenv_is_true ,
44.Nm getenv_is_false ,
45.Nm kern_setenv ,
46.Nm testenv ,
47.Nm kern_unsetenv
48.Nd kernel environment variable functions
49.Sh SYNOPSIS
50.In sys/param.h
51.In sys/systm.h
52.Ft void
53.Fn freeenv "char *env"
54.Ft char *
55.Fn kern_getenv "const char *name"
56.Ft int
57.Fn getenv_int "const char *name" "int *data"
58.Ft int
59.Fn getenv_long "const char *name" "long *data"
60.Ft int
61.Fn getenv_string "const char *name" "char *data" "int size"
62.Ft int
63.Fn getenv_quad "const char *name" "quad_t *data"
64.Ft int
65.Fn getenv_uint "const char *name" "unsigned int *data"
66.Ft int
67.Fn getenv_ulong "const char *name" "unsigned long *data"
68.Ft int
69.Fn getenv_bool "const char *name" "bool *data"
70.Ft bool
71.Fn getenv_is_true "const char *name"
72.Ft bool
73.Fn getenv_is_false "const char *name"
74.Ft int
75.Fn kern_setenv "const char *name" "const char *value"
76.Ft int
77.Fn testenv "const char *name"
78.Ft int
79.Fn kern_unsetenv "const char *name"
80.Sh DESCRIPTION
81These functions set, unset, fetch, and parse variables from the kernel's
82environment.
83.Pp
84The
85.Fn kern_getenv
86function obtains the current value of the kernel environment variable
87.Fa name
88and returns a pointer to the string value.
89The caller should not modify the string pointed to by the return value.
90The
91.Fn kern_getenv
92function may allocate temporary storage,
93so the
94.Fn freeenv
95function must be called to release any allocated resources when the value
96returned by
97.Fn kern_getenv
98is no longer needed.
99.Pp
100The
101.Fn freeenv
102function is used to release the resources allocated by a previous call to
103.Fn kern_getenv .
104The
105.Fa env
106argument passed to
107.Fn freeenv
108is the pointer returned by the earlier call to
109.Fn kern_getenv .
110Like
111.Xr free 3 ,
112the
113.Fa env
114argument can be
115.Va NULL ,
116in which case no action occurs.
117.Pp
118The
119.Fn kern_setenv
120function inserts or resets the kernel environment variable
121.Fa name
122to
123.Fa value .
124If the variable
125.Fa name
126already exists,
127its value is replaced.
128This function can fail if an internal limit on the number of environment
129variables is exceeded.
130.Pp
131The
132.Fn kern_unsetenv
133function deletes the kernel environment variable
134.Fa name .
135.Pp
136The
137.Fn testenv
138function is used to determine if a kernel environment variable exists.
139It returns a non-zero value if the variable
140.Fa name
141exists and zero if it does not.
142.Pp
143The
144.Fn getenv_int ,
145.Fn getenv_long ,
146.Fn getenv_quad ,
147.Fn getenv_uint ,
148and
149.Fn getenv_ulong
150functions look for a kernel environment variable
151.Fa name
152and parse it as a signed integer,
153long integer,
154signed 64-bit integer,
155unsigned integer,
156or an unsigned long integer,
157respectively.
158These functions fail and return zero if
159.Fa name
160does not exist or if any invalid characters are present in its value.
161On success,
162these function store the parsed value in the integer variable pointed to
163by
164.Fa data .
165If the parsed value overflows the integer type,
166a truncated value is stored in
167.Fa data
168and zero is returned.
169If the value begins with a prefix of
170.Dq 0x
171it is interpreted as hexadecimal.
172If it begins with a prefix of
173.Dq 0
174it is interpreted as octal.
175Otherwise,
176the value is interpreted as decimal.
177The value may contain a single character suffix specifying a unit for
178the value.
179The interpreted value is multiplied by the unit's magnitude before being
180returned.
181The following unit suffixes are supported:
182.Bl -column -offset indent ".Sy Unit" ".Sy Magnitude"
183.It Sy Unit Ta Sy Magnitude
184.It k Ta 2^10
185.It m Ta 2^20
186.It g Ta 2^30
187.It t Ta 2^40
188.El
189.Pp
190The
191.Fn getenv_string
192function stores a copy of the kernel environment variable
193.Fa name
194in the buffer described by
195.Fa data
196and
197.Fa size .
198If the variable does not exist,
199zero is returned.
200If the variable exists,
201up to
202.Fa size - 1
203characters of its value are copied to the buffer pointed to by
204.Fa data
205followed by a null character and a non-zero value is returned.
206.Pp
207The
208.Fn getenv_bool
209function interprets the value of the kernel environment variable
210.Fa name
211as a boolean value by performing a case-insensitive comparison against the
212strings "1",
213"0",
214"true",
215and "false".
216If the environment variable exists and has a valid boolean value, then that
217value will be copied to the variable pointed to by
218.Fa data .
219If the environment variable exists but is not a boolean value, then a warning
220will be printed to the kernel message buffer.
221The
222.Fn getenv_is_true
223and
224.Fn getenv_is_false
225functions are wrappers around
226.Fn getenv_bool
227that simplify testing for a desired boolean value.
228.Sh RETURN VALUES
229The
230.Fn kern_getenv
231function returns a pointer to an environment variable's value on success or
232.Dv NULL
233if the variable does not exist.
234.Pp
235The
236.Fn kern_setenv
237and
238.Fn kern_unsetenv
239functions return zero on success and -1 on failure.
240.Pp
241The
242.Fn testenv
243function returns zero if the specified environment variable does not exist and
244a non-zero value if it does exist.
245.Pp
246The
247.Fn getenv_int ,
248.Fn getenv_long ,
249.Fn getenv_string ,
250.Fn getenv_quad ,
251.Fn getenv_uint ,
252.Fn getenv_ulong ,
253and
254.Fn getenv_bool
255functions return a non-zero value on success and zero on failure.
256.Pp
257The
258.Fn getenv_is_true
259and
260.Fn getenv_is_false
261functions return
262.Dv true
263if the specified environment variable exists and its value matches the desired
264boolean condition, and
265.Dv false
266otherwise.
267