xref: /freebsd/share/man/man9/getenv.9 (revision 2e3f49888ec8851bafb22011533217487764fdb0)
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28.Dd September 21, 2020
29.Dt GETENV 9
30.Os
31.Sh NAME
32.Nm freeenv ,
33.Nm kern_getenv ,
34.Nm getenv_int ,
35.Nm getenv_long ,
36.Nm getenv_string ,
37.Nm getenv_quad ,
38.Nm getenv_uint ,
39.Nm getenv_ulong ,
40.Nm getenv_bool ,
41.Nm getenv_is_true ,
42.Nm getenv_is_false ,
43.Nm kern_setenv ,
44.Nm testenv ,
45.Nm kern_unsetenv
46.Nd kernel environment variable functions
47.Sh SYNOPSIS
48.In sys/param.h
49.In sys/systm.h
50.Ft void
51.Fn freeenv "char *env"
52.Ft char *
53.Fn kern_getenv "const char *name"
54.Ft int
55.Fn getenv_int "const char *name" "int *data"
56.Ft int
57.Fn getenv_long "const char *name" "long *data"
58.Ft int
59.Fn getenv_string "const char *name" "char *data" "int size"
60.Ft int
61.Fn getenv_quad "const char *name" "quad_t *data"
62.Ft int
63.Fn getenv_uint "const char *name" "unsigned int *data"
64.Ft int
65.Fn getenv_ulong "const char *name" "unsigned long *data"
66.Ft int
67.Fn getenv_bool "const char *name" "bool *data"
68.Ft bool
69.Fn getenv_is_true "const char *name"
70.Ft bool
71.Fn getenv_is_false "const char *name"
72.Ft int
73.Fn kern_setenv "const char *name" "const char *value"
74.Ft int
75.Fn testenv "const char *name"
76.Ft int
77.Fn kern_unsetenv "const char *name"
78.Sh DESCRIPTION
79These functions set, unset, fetch, and parse variables from the kernel's
80environment.
81.Pp
82The
83.Fn kern_getenv
84function obtains the current value of the kernel environment variable
85.Fa name
86and returns a pointer to the string value.
87The caller should not modify the string pointed to by the return value.
88The
89.Fn kern_getenv
90function may allocate temporary storage,
91so the
92.Fn freeenv
93function must be called to release any allocated resources when the value
94returned by
95.Fn kern_getenv
96is no longer needed.
97.Pp
98The
99.Fn freeenv
100function is used to release the resources allocated by a previous call to
101.Fn kern_getenv .
102The
103.Fa env
104argument passed to
105.Fn freeenv
106is the pointer returned by the earlier call to
107.Fn kern_getenv .
108Like
109.Xr free 3 ,
110the
111.Fa env
112argument can be
113.Va NULL ,
114in which case no action occurs.
115.Pp
116The
117.Fn kern_setenv
118function inserts or resets the kernel environment variable
119.Fa name
120to
121.Fa value .
122If the variable
123.Fa name
124already exists,
125its value is replaced.
126This function can fail if an internal limit on the number of environment
127variables is exceeded.
128.Pp
129The
130.Fn kern_unsetenv
131function deletes the kernel environment variable
132.Fa name .
133.Pp
134The
135.Fn testenv
136function is used to determine if a kernel environment variable exists.
137It returns a non-zero value if the variable
138.Fa name
139exists and zero if it does not.
140.Pp
141The
142.Fn getenv_int ,
143.Fn getenv_long ,
144.Fn getenv_quad ,
145.Fn getenv_uint ,
146and
147.Fn getenv_ulong
148functions look for a kernel environment variable
149.Fa name
150and parse it as a signed integer,
151long integer,
152signed 64-bit integer,
153unsigned integer,
154or an unsigned long integer,
155respectively.
156These functions fail and return zero if
157.Fa name
158does not exist or if any invalid characters are present in its value.
159On success,
160these function store the parsed value in the integer variable pointed to
161by
162.Fa data .
163If the parsed value overflows the integer type,
164a truncated value is stored in
165.Fa data
166and zero is returned.
167If the value begins with a prefix of
168.Dq 0x
169it is interpreted as hexadecimal.
170If it begins with a prefix of
171.Dq 0
172it is interpreted as octal.
173Otherwise,
174the value is interpreted as decimal.
175The value may contain a single character suffix specifying a unit for
176the value.
177The interpreted value is multiplied by the unit's magnitude before being
178returned.
179The following unit suffixes are supported:
180.Bl -column -offset indent ".Sy Unit" ".Sy Magnitude"
181.It Sy Unit Ta Sy Magnitude
182.It k Ta 2^10
183.It m Ta 2^20
184.It g Ta 2^30
185.It t Ta 2^40
186.El
187.Pp
188The
189.Fn getenv_string
190function stores a copy of the kernel environment variable
191.Fa name
192in the buffer described by
193.Fa data
194and
195.Fa size .
196If the variable does not exist,
197zero is returned.
198If the variable exists,
199up to
200.Fa size - 1
201characters of its value are copied to the buffer pointed to by
202.Fa data
203followed by a null character and a non-zero value is returned.
204.Pp
205The
206.Fn getenv_bool
207function interprets the value of the kernel environment variable
208.Fa name
209as a boolean value by performing a case-insensitive comparison against the
210strings "1",
211"0",
212"true",
213and "false".
214If the environment variable exists and has a valid boolean value, then that
215value will be copied to the variable pointed to by
216.Fa data .
217If the environment variable exists but is not a boolean value, then a warning
218will be printed to the kernel message buffer.
219The
220.Fn getenv_is_true
221and
222.Fn getenv_is_false
223functions are wrappers around
224.Fn getenv_bool
225that simplify testing for a desired boolean value.
226.Sh RETURN VALUES
227The
228.Fn kern_getenv
229function returns a pointer to an environment variable's value on success or
230.Dv NULL
231if the variable does not exist.
232.Pp
233The
234.Fn kern_setenv
235and
236.Fn kern_unsetenv
237functions return zero on success and -1 on failure.
238.Pp
239The
240.Fn testenv
241function returns zero if the specified environment variable does not exist and
242a non-zero value if it does exist.
243.Pp
244The
245.Fn getenv_int ,
246.Fn getenv_long ,
247.Fn getenv_string ,
248.Fn getenv_quad ,
249.Fn getenv_uint ,
250.Fn getenv_ulong ,
251and
252.Fn getenv_bool
253functions return a non-zero value on success and zero on failure.
254.Pp
255The
256.Fn getenv_is_true
257and
258.Fn getenv_is_false
259functions return
260.Dv true
261if the specified environment variable exists and its value matches the desired
262boolean condition, and
263.Dv false
264otherwise.
265