xref: /freebsd/share/man/man9/crypto_session.9 (revision 9b774dc0c586235e3f742dd487fd79e9fa90eedb)

.\" Copyright (c) 2020, Chelsio Inc
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
.\"
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
.\"    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\"
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" 3. Neither the name of the Chelsio Inc nor the names of its
.\"    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
.\"    this software without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
.\" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
.\" LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" * Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd June 22, 2020
.Dt CRYPTO_SESSION 9
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm crypto_session
.Nd state used for symmetric cryptographic services
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.In opencrypto/cryptodev.h
.Ft struct auth_hash *
.Fn crypto_auth_hash "const struct crypto_session_params *csp"
.Ft struct enc_xform *
.Fn crypto_cipher "const struct crypto_session_params *csp"
.Ft const struct crypto_session_params *
.Fn crypto_get_params "crypto_session_t cses"
.Ft int
.Fo crypto_newsession
.Fa "crypto_session_t *cses"
.Fa "const struct crypto_session_params *csp"
.Fa "int crid"
.Fc
.Ft int
.Fn crypto_freesession "crypto_session_t cses"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
Symmetric cryptographic operations in the kernel are associated with
cryptographic sessions.
Sessions hold state shared across multiple requests.
Active sessions are associated with a single cryptographic driver.
.Pp
The
.Vt crypto_session_t
type represents an opaque reference to an active session.
Session objects are allocated and managed by the cryptographic
framework.
.Pp
New sessions are created by
.Fn crypto_newsession .
.Fa csp
describes various parameters associated with the new session such as
the algorithms to use and any session-wide keys.
.Fa crid
can be used to request either a specific cryptographic driver or
classes of drivers.
For the latter case,
.Fa crid
should be set to a mask of the following values:
.Bl -tag -width "CRYPTOCAP_F_HARDWARE"
.It Dv CRYPTOCAP_F_HARDWARE
Request hardware drivers.
Hardware drivers do not use the host CPU to perform operations.
Typically, a separate co-processor performs the operations asynchronously.
.It Dv CRYPTOCAP_F_SOFTWARE
Request software drivers.
Software drivers use the host CPU to perform operations.
The kernel includes a simple, yet portable implementation of each supported
algorithm in the
.Xr cryptosoft 4
driver.
Additional software drivers may also be available on architectures which
provide instructions designed to accelerate cryptographic operations.
.El
.Pp
If both hardware and software drivers are requested,
hardware drivers are preferred over software drivers.
Accelerated software drivers are preferred over the baseline software driver.
If multiple hardware drivers are available,
the framework will distribute sessions across these drivers in a round-robin
fashion.
.Pp
On success,
.Fn crypto_newsession
saves a reference to the newly created session in
.Fa cses .
.Pp
.Fn crypto_freesession
is used to free the resources associated with the session
.Fa cses .
.Pp
.Fn crypto_auth_hash
returns a structure describing the baseline software implementation of an
authentication algorithm requested by
.Fa csp .
If
.Fa csp
does not specify an authentication algorithm,
or requests an invalid algorithm,
.Dv NULL
is returned.
.Pp
.Fn crypto_cipher
returns a structure describing the baseline software implementation of an
encryption algorithm requested by
.Fa csp .
If
.Fa csp
does not specify an encryption algorithm,
or requests an invalid algorithm,
.Dv NULL
is returned.
.Pp
.Fn crypto_get_params
returns a pointer to the session parameters used by
.Fa cses .
.Ss Session Parameters
Session parameters are used to describe the cryptographic operations
performed by cryptographic requests.
Parameters are stored in an instance of
.Vt struct crypto_session_params .
When initializing parameters to pass to
.Fn crypto_newsession ,
the entire structure should first be zeroed.
Needed fields should then be set leaving unused fields as zero.
This structure contains the following fields:
.Bl -tag -width csp_cipher_klen
.It Fa csp_mode
Type of operation to perform.
This field must be set to one of the following:
.Bl -tag -width CSP_MODE_COMPRESS
.It Dv CSP_MODE_COMPRESS
Compress or decompress request payload.
.Pp
The compression algorithm is specified in
.Fa csp_cipher_alg .
.It Dv CSP_MODE_CIPHER
Encrypt or decrypt request payload.
.Pp
The encryption algorithm is specified in
.Fa csp_cipher_alg .
.It Dv CSP_MODE_DIGEST
Compute or verify a digest, or hash, of request payload.
.Pp
The authentication algorithm is specified in
.Fa csp_auth_alg .
.It Dv CSP_MODE_AEAD
Authenticated encryption with additional data.
Decryption operations require the digest, or tag,
and fail if it does not match.
.Pp
The AEAD algorithm is specified in
.Fa csp_cipher_alg .
.It Dv CSP_MODE_ETA
Encrypt-then-Authenticate.
In this mode, encryption operations encrypt the payload and then
compute an authentication digest over the request additional authentication
data followed by the encrypted payload.
Decryption operations fail without decrypting the data if the provided digest
does not match.
.Pp
The encryption algorithm is specified in
.Fa csp_cipher_alg
and the authentication algorithm is specified in
.Fa csp_auth_alg .
.El
.It Fa csp_flags
A mask of optional driver features.
Drivers will only attach to a session if they support all of the
requested features.
.Bl -tag -width CSP_F_SEPARATE_OUTPUT
.It Dv CSP_F_SEPARATE_OUTPUT
Support requests that use separate input and output buffers.
Sessions with this flag set permit requests with either a single buffer
that is modified in-place, or requests with separate input and output
buffers.
Sessions without this flag only permit requests with a single buffer that
is modified in-place.
.It Dv CSP_F_SEPARATE_AAD
Support requests that use a separate buffer for AAD rather than providing
AAD as a region in the input buffer.
Sessions with this flag set permit requests with AAD passed in either in
a region of the input buffer or in a single, virtually-contiguous buffer.
Sessions without this flag only permit requests with AAD passed in as
a region in the input buffer.
.El
.It Fa csp_ivlen
If either the cipher or authentication algorithms require an explicit
initialization vector (IV) or nonce,
this specifies the length in bytes.
All requests for a session use the same IV length.
.It Fa csp_cipher_alg
Encryption or compression algorithm.
.It Fa csp_cipher_klen
Length of encryption or decryption key in bytes.
All requests for a session use the same key length.
.It Fa csp_cipher_key
Pointer to encryption or decryption key.
If all requests for a session use request-specific keys,
this field should be left as
.Dv NULL .
This pointer and associated key must remain valid for the duration of the
crypto session.
.It Fa csp_auth_alg
Authentication algorithm.
.It Fa csp_auth_klen
Length of authentication key in bytes.
If the authentication algorithm does not use a key,
this field should be left as zero.
.It Fa csp_auth_key
Pointer to the authentication key.
If all requests for a session use request-specific keys,
this field should be left as
.Dv NULL .
This pointer and associated key must remain valid for the duration of the
crypto session.
.It Fa csp_auth_mlen
The length in bytes of the digest.
If zero, the full length of the digest is used.
If non-zero, the first
.Fa csp_auth_mlen
bytes of the digest are used.
.El
.Sh RETURN VALUES
.Fn crypto_newsession
returns a non-zero value if an error occurs or zero on success.
.Pp
.Fn crypto_auth_hash
and
.Fn crypto_cipher
return
.Dv NULL
if the request is valid or a pointer to a structure on success.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr crypto 7 ,
.Xr crypto 9 ,
.Xr crypto_request 9
.Sh BUGS
The current implementation of
.Nm crypto_freesession
does not provide a way for the caller to know that there are no other
references to the keys stored in the session's associated parameters.
This function should probably sleep until any in-flight cryptographic
operations associated with the session are completed.