xref: /freebsd/share/man/man8/uefi.8 (revision d0b2dbfa0ecf2bbc9709efc5e20baf8e4b44bbbf)
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24.\" $FreeBSD$
25.\"
26.Dd March 18, 2022
27.Dt UEFI 8
28.Os
29.Sh NAME
30.Nm UEFI
31.Nd Unified Extensible Firmware Interface bootstrapping procedures
32.Sh DESCRIPTION
33The
34.Nm
35Unified Extensible Firmware Interface provides boot- and run-time services
36to operating systems.
37.Nm
38is a replacement for the legacy BIOS on the i386 and amd64 CPU architectures,
39and is also used on arm, arm64 and riscv architectures.
40.Pp
41The UEFI specification is the successor to the Extensible Firmware Interface
42(EFI) specification.
43The terms UEFI and EFI are often used interchangeably.
44.Pp
45The
46.Nm
47boot process loads system bootstrap code located in an EFI System Partition
48(ESP).
49The ESP is a GPT or MBR partition with a specific identifier that contains an
50.Xr msdosfs 5
51FAT file system with a specified file hierarchy.
52.Bl -column -offset indent "Partition Scheme" "ESP Identifier"
53.It Sy "Partition Scheme" Ta Sy "ESP Identifier"
54.It GPT Ta C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
55.It MBR Ta 0xEF
56.El
57.Pp
58The
59.Nm
60boot process proceeds as follows:
61.Bl -enum -offset indent -compact
62.It
63.Nm
64firmware runs at power up and searches for an OS loader in the EFI system
65partition.
66The path to the loader may be set by an EFI environment variable managed by
67.Xr efibootmgr 8 .
68If not set, an architecture-specific default is used.
69.Bl -column -offset indent "Architecture" "Default Path"
70.It Sy Architecture Ta Sy Default Path
71.It amd64 Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI
72.It arm Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTARM.EFI
73.It arm64 Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTAA64.EFI
74.It i386 Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTIA32.EFI
75.It riscv Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTRISCV64.EFI
76.El
77.Pp
78The default
79.Nm
80boot configuration for
81.Fx
82installs
83.Pa loader.efi
84in the default path.
85.It
86.Pa loader.efi
87reads boot configuration from
88.Pa /boot.config
89or
90.Pa /boot/config .
91.It
92.Pa loader.efi
93loads and boots the kernel, as described in
94.Xr loader 8 .
95.El
96.Pp
97The
98.Xr vt 4
99system console is automatically selected when booting via
100.Nm .
101.Sh FILES
102.Bl -tag -width /boot/loader -compact
103.Nm
104bootstrap
105.It Pa /boot/loader.efi
106Final stage bootstrap
107.It Pa /boot/kernel/kernel
108Default kernel
109.It Pa /boot/kernel.old/kernel
110Typical non-default kernel (optional)
111.El
112.Sh SEE ALSO
113.Xr vt 4 ,
114.Xr boot.config 5 ,
115.Xr msdosfs 5 ,
116.Xr boot 8 ,
117.Xr efibootmgr 8 ,
118.Xr efidp 8 ,
119.Xr efivar 8 ,
120.Xr gpart 8 ,
121.Xr uefisign 8
122.Sh HISTORY
123EFI boot support for the ia64 architecture first appeared in
124.Fx 5.0 .
125.Nm
126boot support for amd64 first appeared in
127.Fx 10.1 ;
128for arm64 in
129.Fx 11.0 ;
130for armv6 and armv7 in
131.Fx 12.0 ;
132and for riscv in
133.Fx 13.0 .
134.Sh BUGS
135There is no support for 32-bit i386 booting via UEFI.
136