1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 13.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 14.\" without specific prior written permission. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.Dd October 22, 2006 29.Dt INTRO 8 30.Os 31.Sh NAME 32.Nm intro 33.Nd "introduction to system maintenance procedures and commands" 34.Sh DESCRIPTION 35This section contains information related to system operation 36and maintenance. 37.Pp 38It describes commands used to create new file systems 39.Pq Xr newfs 8 , 40verify the integrity of the file systems 41.Pq Xr fsck 8 , 42control disk usage 43.Pq Xr edquota 8 , 44maintain system backups 45.Pq Xr dump 8 , 46and recover files when disks die an untimely death 47.Pq Xr restore 8 . 48.\" The 49.\" .Xr format 8 50.\" manual 51.\" for the specific architecture the system is running on should be 52.\" consulted when formatting disks and tapes. 53Network related services like 54.Xr inetd 8 55and 56.Xr ftpd 8 57are also described. 58.Pp 59All commands set an exit status. 60Its value may be tested 61to see if the command completed normally. 62Unless otherwise noted (rare), the value 0 signifies successful 63completion of the command, while a value >0 indicates an error. 64Some commands attempt to describe the nature of the failure by using 65error codes defined in 66.Xr sysexits 3 , 67or set the status to arbitrary values >0 (typically 1), but many 68such values are not described in the manual. 69.Pp 70A number of pages in this section describe general system 71management topics. 72.Pp 73For example, the 74.Xr boot 8 75manual page describes the system bootstrapping procedures, 76and the 77.Xr diskless 8 78manual page describes how to boot a system over a network. 79The 80.Xr crash 8 81manual page 82should be consulted to understand how to interpret system 83crash dumps. 84.Sh HISTORY 85The 86.Nm 87section manual page appeared in 88.Bx 4.2 . 89