1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 13.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 14.\" without specific prior written permission. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.\" @(#)intro.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 29.\" 30.Dd October 22, 2006 31.Dt INTRO 8 32.Os 33.Sh NAME 34.Nm intro 35.Nd "introduction to system maintenance procedures and commands" 36.Sh DESCRIPTION 37This section contains information related to system operation 38and maintenance. 39.Pp 40It describes commands used to create new file systems 41.Pq Xr newfs 8 , 42verify the integrity of the file systems 43.Pq Xr fsck 8 , 44control disk usage 45.Pq Xr edquota 8 , 46maintain system backups 47.Pq Xr dump 8 , 48and recover files when disks die an untimely death 49.Pq Xr restore 8 . 50.\" The 51.\" .Xr format 8 52.\" manual 53.\" for the specific architecture the system is running on should be 54.\" consulted when formatting disks and tapes. 55Network related services like 56.Xr inetd 8 57and 58.Xr ftpd 8 59are also described. 60.Pp 61All commands set an exit status. 62Its value may be tested 63to see if the command completed normally. 64Unless otherwise noted (rare), the value 0 signifies successful 65completion of the command, while a value >0 indicates an error. 66Some commands attempt to describe the nature of the failure by using 67error codes defined in 68.Xr sysexits 3 , 69or set the status to arbitrary values >0 (typically 1), but many 70such values are not described in the manual. 71.Pp 72A number of pages in this section describe general system 73management topics. 74.Pp 75For example, the 76.Xr boot 8 77manual page describes the system bootstrapping procedures, 78and the 79.Xr diskless 8 80manual page describes how to boot a system over a network. 81The 82.Xr crash 8 83manual page 84should be consulted to understand how to interpret system 85crash dumps. 86.Sh HISTORY 87The 88.Nm 89section manual page appeared in 90.Bx 4.2 . 91