1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)intro.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd October 22, 2006 36.Dt INTRO 8 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm intro 40.Nd "introduction to system maintenance procedures and commands" 41.Sh DESCRIPTION 42This section contains information related to system operation 43and maintenance. 44.Pp 45It describes commands used to create new file systems 46.Pq Xr newfs 8 , 47verify the integrity of the file systems 48.Pq Xr fsck 8 , 49control disk usage 50.Pq Xr edquota 8 , 51maintain system backups 52.Pq Xr dump 8 , 53and recover files when disks die an untimely death 54.Pq Xr restore 8 . 55.\" The 56.\" .Xr format 8 57.\" manual 58.\" for the specific architecture the system is running on should be 59.\" consulted when formatting disks and tapes. 60Network related services like 61.Xr inetd 8 62and 63.Xr ftpd 8 64are also described. 65.Pp 66All commands set an exit status. 67Its value may be tested 68to see if the command completed normally. 69Unless otherwise noted (rare), the value 0 signifies successful 70completion of the command, while a value >0 indicates an error. 71Some commands attempt to describe the nature of the failure by using 72error codes defined in 73.Xr sysexits 3 , 74or set the status to arbitrary values >0 (typically 1), but many 75such values are not described in the manual. 76.Pp 77A number of pages in this section describe general system 78management topics. 79.Pp 80For example, the 81.Xr boot 8 82manual page describes the system bootstrapping procedures, 83and the 84.Xr diskless 8 85manual page describes how to boot a system over a network. 86The 87.Xr crash 8 88manual page 89should be consulted to understand how to interpret system 90crash dumps. 91.Sh HISTORY 92The 93.Nm 94section manual page appeared in 95.Bx 4.2 . 96