1afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" 4afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" are met: 7afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" without specific prior written permission. 19afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" 20afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" 32afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" @(#)intro.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 337f3dea24SPeter Wemm.\" $FreeBSD$ 34afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.\" 350036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Dd October 22, 2006 36afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.Dt INTRO 8 373d45e180SRuslan Ermilov.Os 38afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.Sh NAME 39afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.Nm intro 400036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Nd "introduction to system maintenance procedures and commands" 41afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.Sh DESCRIPTION 42afe61c15SRodney W. GrimesThis section contains information related to system operation 43afe61c15SRodney W. Grimesand maintenance. 440036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Pp 450036760cSRuslan ErmilovIt describes commands used to create new file systems 460036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Pq Xr newfs 8 , 470036760cSRuslan Ermilovverify the integrity of the file systems 480036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Pq Xr fsck 8 , 490036760cSRuslan Ermilovcontrol disk usage 500036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Pq Xr edquota 8 , 510036760cSRuslan Ermilovmaintain system backups 520036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Pq Xr dump 8 , 530036760cSRuslan Ermilovand recover files when disks die an untimely death 540036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Pq Xr restore 8 . 55568dc1b8SRuslan Ermilov.\" The 56568dc1b8SRuslan Ermilov.\" .Xr format 8 57568dc1b8SRuslan Ermilov.\" manual 58568dc1b8SRuslan Ermilov.\" for the specific architecture the system is running on should be 59568dc1b8SRuslan Ermilov.\" consulted when formatting disks and tapes. 60afe61c15SRodney W. GrimesNetwork related services like 61bda79b63SRuslan Ermilov.Xr inetd 8 62afe61c15SRodney W. Grimesand 63bda79b63SRuslan Ermilov.Xr ftpd 8 64afe61c15SRodney W. Grimesare also described. 65a8f83879STom Rhodes.Pp 66a8f83879STom RhodesAll commands set an exit status. 67a8f83879STom RhodesIts value may be tested 68a8f83879STom Rhodesto see if the command completed normally. 69a8f83879STom RhodesUnless otherwise noted (rare), the value 0 signifies successful 70a8f83879STom Rhodescompletion of the command, while a value >0 indicates an error. 71a8f83879STom RhodesSome commands attempt to describe the nature of the failure by using 72a8f83879STom Rhodeserror codes defined in 73a8f83879STom Rhodes.Xr sysexits 3 , 74a8f83879STom Rhodesor set the status to arbitrary values >0 (typically 1), but many 75a8f83879STom Rhodessuch values are not described in the manual. 760036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Pp 770036760cSRuslan ErmilovA number of pages in this section describe general system 780036760cSRuslan Ermilovmanagement topics. 790036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Pp 800036760cSRuslan ErmilovFor example, the 810036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Xr boot 8 820036760cSRuslan Ermilovmanual page describes the system bootstrapping procedures, 830036760cSRuslan Ermilovand the 840036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Xr diskless 8 850036760cSRuslan Ermilovmanual page describes how to boot a system over a network. 860036760cSRuslan ErmilovThe 870036760cSRuslan Ermilov.Xr crash 8 880036760cSRuslan Ermilovmanual page 890036760cSRuslan Ermilovshould be consulted to understand how to interpret system 900036760cSRuslan Ermilovcrash dumps. 91afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.Sh HISTORY 92afe61c15SRodney W. GrimesThe 934b66483fSRuslan Ermilov.Nm 94afe61c15SRodney W. Grimessection manual page appeared in 95afe61c15SRodney W. Grimes.Bx 4.2 . 96