1.\" $NetBSD: orders.7,v 1.6 2011/08/06 11:07:18 jruoho Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 2010 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation 7.\" by Jukka Ruohonen. 8.\" 9.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 10.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 11.\" are met: 12.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 14.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 15.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 16.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS 19.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 20.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 21.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS 22.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 23.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 24.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 25.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 26.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 27.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 28.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" $FreeBSD$ 31.\" 32.Dd August 6, 2011 33.Dt ORDERS 7 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm orders 37.Nd orders of magnitude 38.Sh DESCRIPTION 39The following table lists common multiples of bytes. 40.Bl -column -offset 2n \ 41"Kilobyte" "Prefix" "Power of 2" "Power of 10" 42.It Sy Name Ta Sy Prefix Ta Sy Power of 2 Ta Sy Power of 10 43.It Kilobyte Ta kB Ta 2^10 Ta 10^3 44.It Megabyte Ta MB Ta 2^20 Ta 10^6 45.It Gigabyte Ta GB Ta 2^30 Ta 10^9 46.It Terabyte Ta TB Ta 2^40 Ta 10^12 47.It Petabyte Ta PB Ta 2^50 Ta 10^15 48.It Exabyte Ta EB Ta 2^60 Ta 10^18 49.It Zettabyte Ta ZB Ta 2^70 Ta 10^21 50.It Yottabyte Ta YB Ta 2^80 Ta 10^24 51.El 52.Pp 53The following table lists common bit rates as a power of ten. 54.Bl -column -offset 2n \ 55"Megabit per second" "Prefix" "Bit per second" "Byte per second" 56.It Sy Name Ta Sy Prefix Ta Sy Bit per second Ta Sy Byte per second 57.It Bit per second Ta bit/s Ta 1 Ta 0.125 58.It Byte per second Ta B/s Ta 8 Ta 1 59.It Kilobit per second Ta kbit/s Ta 10^3 Ta 125 60.It Kilobyte per second Ta kB/s Ta 8 * 10^3 Ta 1000 61.It Megabit per second Ta Mbit/s Ta 10^6 Ta 125000 62.It Megabyte per second Ta MB/s Ta 8 * 10^6 Ta 1000000 63.It Gigabit per second Ta Gbit/s Ta 10^9 Ta 125000000 64.It Gigabyte per second Ta GB/s Ta 8 * 10^9 Ta 1000000000 65.It Terabit per second Ta Tbit/s Ta 10^12 Ta 125000000000 66.It Terabyte per second Ta TB/s Ta 8 * 10^12 Ta 1000000000000 67.El 68.Pp 69The following table lists common orders of magnitude as a power of ten. 70.Bl -column -offset 2n \ 71"Septillionth" "Order" "Prefix" "Symbol" "Decimal" 72.It Sy Name Ta Sy Order Ta Sy Prefix Ta Sy Symbol Ta Sy Decimal 73.It Septillionth Ta 10^-24 Ta yocto Ta y Ta 0.000000000000000000000001 74.It Sextillionth Ta 10^-21 Ta zepto Ta z Ta 0.000000000000000000001 75.It Quintillionth Ta 10^-18 Ta atto Ta a Ta 0.000000000000000001 76.It Quadrillionth Ta 10^-15 Ta femto Ta f Ta 0.000000000000001 77.It Trillionth Ta 10^-12 Ta pico Ta p Ta 0.000000000001 78.It Billionth Ta 10^-9 Ta nano Ta n Ta 0.000000001 79.It Millionth Ta 10^-6 Ta micro Ta mu Ta 0.000001 80.It Thousandth Ta 10^-3 Ta milli Ta m Ta 0.001 81.It Hundredth Ta 10^-2 Ta centi Ta c Ta 0.01 82.It Tenth Ta 10^-1 Ta deci Ta d Ta 0.1 83.It One Ta 10^0 Ta - Ta - Ta 1 84.It Ten Ta 10^1 Ta deca Ta da Ta 10 85.It Hundred Ta 10^2 Ta hecto Ta h Ta 100 86.It Thousand Ta 10^3 Ta kilo Ta k Ta 1000 87.It Million Ta 10^6 Ta mega Ta M Ta 1000000 88.It Billion Ta 10^9 Ta giga Ta G Ta 1000000000 89.It Trillion Ta 10^12 Ta tera Ta T Ta 1000000000000 90.It Quadrillion Ta 10^15 Ta peta Ta P Ta 1000000000000000 91.It Quintillion Ta 10^18 Ta exa Ta E Ta 1000000000000000000 92.It Sextillion Ta 10^21 Ta zetta Ta Z Ta 1000000000000000000000 93.It Septillion Ta 10^24 Ta yotta Ta Y Ta 1000000000000000000000000 94.El 95.Sh SEE ALSO 96.Xr units 1 , 97.Xr number 6 98.Sh STANDARDS 99There have been various attempts to standardize the set of binary prefixes. 100Organizations such as International Electrotechnical Commission 101.Pq Tn IEC 102have proposed new prefixes such as 103.Dq kibi , 104.Dq mebi , 105.Dq gibi , 106and 107.Dq yobi , 108but the adoption has been slow at best. 109.Sh AUTHORS 110This manual page was written by 111.An Jukka Ruohonen Aq Mt jruoho@netbsd.org . 112