1.\"- 2.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 5.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17.\" without specific prior written permission. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.Dd April 29, 2024 32.Dt SERVICES 5 33.Os 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm services 36.Nd internet service name and port number data base 37.Sh DESCRIPTION 38The 39.Nm 40file contains information regarding 41the known services available in the 42Internet. 43For each service a single line should be present 44with the following information: 45.Bd -unfilled -offset indent 46official service name 47port number 48protocol name 49aliases 50.Ed 51.Pp 52Items are separated by any number of blanks and/or tab characters. 53The port number and protocol name are considered a single 54.Em item ; 55a ``/'' is used to 56separate the port and protocol (e.g.\& ``512/tcp''). 57A ``#'' indicates the beginning of 58a comment; subsequent characters up to the end of the line are 59not interpreted by the routines which search the file. 60.Pp 61Service names may contain any printable 62character other than a field delimiter, newline, 63or comment character. 64.Pp 65If 66.Dq db 67is specified as source in the 68.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 , 69.Pa /var/db/services.db 70is searched. 71The database in 72.Pa /var/db/services.db 73needs to be updated with 74.Xr services_mkdb 8 75after changes to the services file have been applied. 76.Sh NIS INTERACTION 77Access to the NIS 78.Pa services.byname 79map can be enabled by adding a single ``+'' on a line by itself 80in the 81.Pa /etc/services 82file. 83This causes the contents of the NIS services map to be inserted 84at the location where the ``+'' appears. 85.Sh FILES 86.Bl -tag -width /etc/services -compact 87.It Pa /etc/services 88The 89.Nm 90file resides in 91.Pa /etc . 92.El 93.Sh SEE ALSO 94.Xr getservent 3 , 95.Xr nsswitch.conf 5 , 96.Xr services_mkdb 8 97.Sh HISTORY 98The 99.Nm 100file format appeared in 101.Bx 4.2 . 102.Sh BUGS 103A name server should be used instead of a static file. 104