1.\" Copyright (c) 2004-2007 2.\" Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>. All rights reserved. 3.\" Benjamin Close <Benjamin.Close@clearchain.com>. All rights reserved. 4.\" Copyright (c) 2016 Andriy Voskoboinyk <avos@FreeBSD.org> 5.\" All rights reserved. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following 12.\" disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 17.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 18.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 19.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 20.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 21.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 22.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 23.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 24.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 25.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 26.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 27.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 28.\" 29.\" $FreeBSD$ 30.\" 31.Dd January 31, 2016 32.Dt WPI 4 33.Os 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm wpi 36.Nd "Intel 3945ABG Wireless LAN IEEE 802.11 driver" 37.Sh SYNOPSIS 38To compile this driver into the kernel, 39place the following lines in your 40kernel configuration file: 41.Bd -ragged -offset indent 42.Cd "device wpi" 43.Cd "device wpifw" 44.Cd "device pci" 45.Cd "device wlan" 46.Cd "device wlan_amrr" 47.Cd "device firmware" 48.Ed 49.Pp 50Alternatively, to load the driver as a 51module at boot time, place the following line in 52.Xr loader.conf 5 : 53.Bd -literal -offset indent 54if_wpi_load="YES" 55.Ed 56.Sh DESCRIPTION 57The 58.Nm 59driver provides support for the 60.Tn Intel 613945ABG Wireless network adapter. 62The driver supports 63.Cm station , 64.Cm adhoc , 65.Cm adhoc-demo , 66.Cm hostap , 67and 68.Cm monitor 69mode operation. 70Only one virtual interface may be configured at any time. 71.Pp 72The 73.Nm 74driver can be configured to use 75Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or 76Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK). 77WPA is the de facto encryption standard for wireless networks. 78It is strongly recommended that WEP 79not be used as the sole mechanism 80to secure wireless communication, 81due to serious weaknesses in it. 82The 83.Nm 84driver offloads both encryption and decryption of data frames to the 85hardware for the CCMP cipher. 86.Pp 87This driver requires the firmware built with the 88.Nm wpifw 89module to work. 90.Pp 91The 92.Nm 93driver can be configured at runtime with 94.Xr ifconfig 8 . 95.Sh FILES 96.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /usr/share/doc/legal/intel_wpi.LICENSE" -compact 97.It Pa /usr/share/doc/legal/intel_wpi.LICENSE 98.Nm 99firmware license 100.El 101.Sh EXAMPLES 102Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point): 103.Bd -literal -offset indent 104ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0 inet 192.168.0.20 \e 105 netmask 0xffffff00 106.Ed 107.Pp 108Join a specific BSS network with network name 109.Dq Li my_net : 110.Pp 111.Dl "ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0 ssid my_net up" 112.Pp 113Join a specific BSS network with 64-bit WEP encryption: 114.Bd -literal -offset indent 115ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0 ssid my_net \e 116 wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1 up 117.Ed 118.Pp 119Create an IBSS network with 128-bit WEP encryption on the channel 4: 120.Bd -literal -offset indent 121ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0 wlanmode adhoc ssid my_net \e 122 wepmode on wepkey 0x01020304050607080910111213 weptxkey 1 \e 123 channel 4 124.Ed 125.Pp 126Join/create an 802.11b IBSS network with network name 127.Dq Li my_net : 128.Bd -literal -offset indent 129ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0 wlanmode adhoc 130ifconfig wlan0 inet 192.168.0.22 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e 131 mode 11b 132.Ed 133.Pp 134Create an 802.11g host-based access point: 135.Bd -literal -offset indent 136ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0 wlanmode hostap 137ifconfig wlan0 inet 192.168.0.10 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_ap \e 138 mode 11g 139.Ed 140.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 141.Bl -diag 142.It "wpi%d: could not load firmware image '%s'" 143The driver failed to load the firmware image using the 144.Xr firmware 9 145subsystem. 146Verify the 147.Xr wpifw 148firmware module is installed. 149.It "wpi%d: %s: timeout waiting for adapter to initialize, error %d" 150The onboard microcontroller failed to initialize in time. 151This should not happen. 152.It "wpi%d: %s: could not load boot firmware" 153An attempt to upload the boot firmware image to the onboard microcontroller 154failed. 155This should not happen. 156.It "wpi%d: device timeout" 157A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. 158The driver will reset the hardware and continue. 159This should not happen. 160.It "wpi%d: scan timeout" 161Firmware scan command response was not received in time. 162The driver will reset the hardware and continue. 163This should not happen. 164.It "wpi%d: fatal firmware error" 165The onboard microcontroller crashed for some reason. 166The driver will reset the hardware and continue. 167This should not happen. 168.It "wpi%d: RF switch: radio disabled" 169The hardware switch controlling the radio is currently turned off. 170Data transmission is not possible in this state. 171.It "wpi%d: can't map mem space" 172The driver was unable to map the device registers into the host address space. 173This should not happen. 174.It "wpi%d: can't map interrupt" 175The driver was unable to allocate an IRQ for the device interrupt. 176This should not happen. 177.It "wpi%d: can't establish interrupt, error %d" 178The driver was unable to install the device interrupt handler. 179This should not happen. 180.It "wpi%d: %s: bus_dmamap_load failed, error %d" 181The driver was unable to map newly allocated mbuf to device 182visible address space. 183Contents of currently received frame will be lost. 184This should not happen. 185.El 186.Sh SEE ALSO 187.Xr pci 4 , 188.Xr wlan 4 , 189.Xr wlan_amrr 4 , 190.Xr wlan_ccmp 4 , 191.Xr wlan_tkip 4 , 192.Xr wlan_wep 4 , 193.Xr wlan_xauth 4 , 194.Xr wpifw 4 , 195.Xr hostapd 8 , 196.Xr ifconfig 8 , 197.Xr wpa_supplicant 8 198.Sh AUTHORS 199.An -nosplit 200The original 201.Nm 202driver was written for 203.Ox 204by 205.An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien.bergamini@free.fr . 206.An Benjamin Close Aq Mt benjsc@FreeBSD.org 207ported 208.Nm 209to 210.Fx . 211.Sh CAVEATS 212Hostap mode is not directly supported by the device; 213it is implemented through IBSS mode (as a result, DFS/passive 214channels are not available in this mode). 215.Pp 216Powersave may be unstable on some networks (results in 217occasional 'wpi%d: device timeout' messages); you can try 218to disable it to improve device stability. 219