1.\" Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 2.\" Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr> 3.\" 4.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 5.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 6.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 7.\" 8.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 9.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 10.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 11.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 12.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 13.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 14.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 15.\" 16.\" $FreeBSD$ 17.\" 18.Dd March 05, 2006 19.Os 20.Dt RAL 4 21.Sh NAME 22.Nm ral 23.Nd "Ralink Technology IEEE 802.11 wireless network driver" 24.Sh SYNOPSIS 25To compile this driver into the kernel, 26place the following lines in your 27kernel configuration file: 28.Bd -ragged -offset indent 29.Cd "device ral" 30.Cd "device wlan" 31.Ed 32.Pp 33Alternatively, to load the driver as a 34module at boot time, place the following line in 35.Xr loader.conf 5 : 36.Bd -literal -offset indent 37if_ral_load="YES" 38.Ed 39.Sh DESCRIPTION 40The 41.Nm 42driver supports PCI/CardBus wireless adapters based on the Ralink Technology 43RT2500, RT2501, and RT2600 chipsets. 44.Pp 45The RT2500 chipset is the first generation of 802.11b/g adapters from Ralink. 46It consists of two integrated chips, a RT2560 MAC/BBP and a RT2525 radio 47transceiver. 48.Pp 49The RT2501 chipset is the second generation of 802.11b/g adapters from Ralink. 50It consists of two integrated chips, a RT2561 MAC/BBP and a RT2527 radio 51transceiver. 52This chipset provides support for the IEEE 802.11e standard with multiple 53hardware transmission queues and allows scatter/gather for efficient DMA 54operations. 55.Pp 56The RT2600 chipset consists of two integrated chips, a RT2661 MAC/BBP and a 57RT2529 radio transceiver. 58This chipset uses the MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) technology with 59multiple antennas to extend the operating range of the adapter and to achieve 60higher throughput. 61MIMO is the basis of the forthcoming IEEE 802.11n standard. 62.Pp 63The transmit speed is user-selectable or can be adapted automatically by the 64driver depending on the received signal strength and on the number of hardware 65transmission retries. 66.Sh HARDWARE 67The 68.Nm 69driver supports the following adapters: 70.Pp 71.Bl -column -compact ".Li Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54" "RT2561S" "CardBus" 72.It Em Card Ta Em MAC/BBP Ta Em Bus 73.It Li "A-Link WL54H" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 74.It Li "A-Link WL54PC" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 75.It Li "AirLink101 AWLC5025" Ta RT2661 Ta CardBus 76.It Li "AirLink101 AWLH5025" Ta RT2661 Ta PCI 77.It Li "Amigo AWI-914W" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 78.It Li "Amigo AWI-922W" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 79.It Li "Amigo AWI-926W" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 80.It Li "AMIT WL531C" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 81.It Li "AMIT WL531P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 82.It Li "AOpen AOI-831" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 83.It Li "ASUS WL-107G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 84.It Li "ASUS WL-130g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 85.It Li "Atlantis Land A02-PCI-W54" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 86.It Li "Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 87.It Li "Belkin F5D7000 v3" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 88.It Li "Belkin F5D7010 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 89.It Li "Billionton MIWLGRL" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 90.It Li "Canyon CN-WF511" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 91.It Li "Canyon CN-WF513" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 92.It Li "CC&C WL-2102" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 93.It Li "CNet CWC-854" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 94.It Li "CNet CWP-854" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 95.It Li "Compex WL54G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 96.It Li "Compex WLP54G" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 97.It Li "Conceptronic C54RC" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 98.It Li "Conceptronic C54Ri" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 99.It Li "Digitus DN-7001G-RA" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 100.It Li "Digitus DN-7006G-RA" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 101.It Li "E-Tech WGPC02" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 102.It Li "E-Tech WGPI02" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 103.It Li "Edimax EW-7108PCg" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 104.It Li "Edimax EW-7128g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 105.It Li "Eminent EM3036" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 106.It Li "Eminent EM3037" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 107.It Li "Encore ENLWI-G-RLAM" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 108.It Li "Encore ENPWI-G-RLAM" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 109.It Li "Fiberline WL-400P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 110.It Li "Fibreline WL-400X" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 111.It Li "Gigabyte GN-WI01GS" Ta RT2561S Ta mini-PCI 112.It Li "Gigabyte GN-WIKG" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 113.It Li "Gigabyte GN-WMKG" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 114.It Li "Gigabyte GN-WP01GS" Ta RT2561S Ta PCI 115.It Li "Gigabyte GN-WPKG" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 116.It Li "Hawking HWC54GR" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 117.It Li "Hawking HWP54GR" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 118.It Li "iNexQ CR054g-009 (R03)" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 119.It Li "JAHT WN-4054P" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 120.It Li "JAHT WN-4054PCI" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 121.It Li "LevelOne WNC-0301 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 122.It Li "LevelOne WPC-0301 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 123.It Li "Linksys WMP54G v4" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 124.It Li "Micronet SP906GK" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 125.It Li "Micronet SP908GK V3" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 126.It Li "Minitar MN54GCB-R" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 127.It Li "Minitar MN54GPC-R" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 128.It Li "MSI CB54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 129.It Li "MSI MP54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 130.It Li "MSI PC54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 131.It Li "OvisLink EVO-W54PCI" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 132.It Li "PheeNet HWL-PCIG/RA" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 133.It Li "Pro-Nets CB80211G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 134.It Li "Pro-Nets PC80211G" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 135.It Li "Repotec RP-WB7108" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 136.It Li "Repotec RP-WP0854" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 137.It Li "SATech SN-54C" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 138.It Li "SATech SN-54P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 139.It Li "Sitecom WL-112" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 140.It Li "Sitecom WL-115" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 141.It Li "SMC SMCWCB-GM" Ta RT2661 Ta CardBus 142.It Li "SMC SMCWPCI-GM" Ta RT2661 Ta PCI 143.It Li "SparkLAN WL-685R" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 144.It Li "Surecom EP-9321-g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 145.It Li "Surecom EP-9321-g1" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 146.It Li "Surecom EP-9428-g" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 147.It Li "Sweex LC500050" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 148.It Li "Sweex LC700030" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 149.It Li "TekComm NE-9321-g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 150.It Li "TekComm NE-9428-g" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 151.It Li "Unex CR054g-R02" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 152.It Li "Unex MR054g-R02" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 153.It Li "Zinwell ZWX-G160" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 154.It Li "Zinwell ZWX-G360" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 155.It Li "Zinwell ZWX-G361" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 156.It Li "Zonet ZEW1500" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 157.It Li "Zonet ZEW1600" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 158.El 159.Pp 160An up to date list can be found at 161.Pa http://damien.bergamini.free.fr/ral/list.html . 162.Sh EXAMPLES 163Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point): 164.Pp 165.Dl "ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00" 166.Pp 167Join a specific BSS network with network name 168.Dq Li my_net : 169.Pp 170.Dl "ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net" 171.Pp 172Join a specific BSS network with 40-bit WEP encryption: 173.Bd -literal -offset indent 174ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e 175 wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1 176.Ed 177.Pp 178Join a specific BSS network with 104-bit WEP encryption: 179.Bd -literal -offset indent 180ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e 181 wepmode on wepkey 0x01020304050607080910111213 weptxkey 1 182.Ed 183.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 184.Bl -diag 185.It "ral%d: could not load 8051 microcode" 186An error occurred while attempting to upload the microcode to the onboard 8051 187microcontroller unit. 188.It "ral%d: timeout waiting for MCU to initialize" 189The onboard 8051 microcontroller unit failed to initialize in time. 190.It "ral%d: device timeout" 191A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. 192The driver will reset the hardware. 193This should not happen. 194.El 195.Sh SEE ALSO 196.Xr arp 4 , 197.Xr cardbus 4 , 198.Xr netintro 4 , 199.Xr pci 4 , 200.Xr wlan 4 , 201.Xr ifconfig 8 202.Rs 203.%T "Ralink Technology" 204.%O http://www.ralinktech.com/ 205.Re 206.Sh HISTORY 207The 208.Nm 209driver first appeared in 210.Ox 3.7 . 211.Sh CAVEATS 212PCI 213.Nm 214adapters seem to require a PCI 2.2 compliant motherboard and will likely not 215work with PCI 2.1 only motherboard. 216.Pp 217The 218.Nm 219driver does not implement frame aggregation. 220.Sh AUTHORS 221The 222.Nm 223driver was written by 224.An Damien Bergamini Aq damien@FreeBSD.org . 225