1.\" Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 2.\" Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr> 3.\" 4.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any 5.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above 6.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. 7.\" 8.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES 9.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 10.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR 11.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES 12.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN 13.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF 14.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. 15.\" 16.\" $FreeBSD$ 17.\" 18.Dd September 10, 2007 19.Os 20.Dt RAL 4 21.Sh NAME 22.Nm ral 23.Nd "Ralink Technology IEEE 802.11 wireless network driver" 24.Sh SYNOPSIS 25To compile this driver into the kernel, 26place the following lines in your 27kernel configuration file: 28.Bd -ragged -offset indent 29.Cd "device ral" 30.Cd "device wlan" 31.Ed 32.Pp 33Alternatively, to load the driver as a 34module at boot time, place the following line in 35.Xr loader.conf 5 : 36.Bd -literal -offset indent 37if_ral_load="YES" 38.Ed 39.Sh DESCRIPTION 40The 41.Nm 42driver supports PCI/CardBus wireless adapters based on the Ralink Technology 43RT2500, RT2501, and RT2600 chipsets. 44.Pp 45The RT2500 chipset is the first generation of 802.11b/g adapters from Ralink. 46It consists of two integrated chips, a RT2560 MAC/BBP and a RT2525 radio 47transceiver. 48.Pp 49The RT2501 chipset is the second generation of 802.11b/g adapters from Ralink. 50It consists of two integrated chips, a RT2561 MAC/BBP and a RT2527 radio 51transceiver. 52This chipset provides support for the IEEE 802.11e standard with multiple 53hardware transmission queues and allows scatter/gather for efficient DMA 54operations. 55.Pp 56The RT2600 chipset consists of two integrated chips, a RT2661 MAC/BBP and a 57RT2529 radio transceiver. 58This chipset uses the MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) technology with 59multiple antennas to extend the operating range of the adapter and to achieve 60higher throughput. 61MIMO is the basis of the forthcoming IEEE 802.11n standard. 62.Pp 63The transmit speed is user-selectable or can be adapted automatically by the 64driver depending on the received signal strength and on the number of hardware 65transmission retries. 66.Sh HARDWARE 67The 68.Nm 69driver supports PCI/CardBus wireless adapters based on the Ralink Technology 70RT2500, RT2501, and RT2600 chipsets, including: 71.Pp 72.Bl -column -compact ".Li Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54" "RT2561S" "CardBus" 73.It Em Card Ta Em MAC/BBP Ta Em Bus 74.It "A-Link WL54H" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 75.It "A-Link WL54PC" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 76.It "AirLink101 AWLC5025" Ta RT2661 Ta CardBus 77.It "AirLink101 AWLH5025" Ta RT2661 Ta PCI 78.It "Amigo AWI-914W" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 79.It "Amigo AWI-922W" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 80.It "Amigo AWI-926W" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 81.It "AMIT WL531C" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 82.It "AMIT WL531P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 83.It "AOpen AOI-831" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 84.It "ASUS WL-107G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 85.It "ASUS WL-130g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 86.It "Atlantis Land A02-PCI-W54" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 87.It "Atlantis Land A02-PCM-W54" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 88.It "Belkin F5D7000 v3" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 89.It "Belkin F5D7010 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 90.It "Billionton MIWLGRL" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 91.It "Canyon CN-WF511" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 92.It "Canyon CN-WF513" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 93.It "CC&C WL-2102" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 94.It "CNet CWC-854" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 95.It "CNet CWP-854" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 96.It "Compex WL54G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 97.It "Compex WLP54G" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 98.It "Conceptronic C54RC" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 99.It "Conceptronic C54Ri" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 100.It "Digitus DN-7001G-RA" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 101.It "Digitus DN-7006G-RA" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 102.It "E-Tech WGPC02" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 103.It "E-Tech WGPI02" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 104.It "Edimax EW-7108PCg" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 105.It "Edimax EW-7128g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 106.It "Eminent EM3036" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 107.It "Eminent EM3037" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 108.It "Encore ENLWI-G-RLAM" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 109.It "Encore ENPWI-G-RLAM" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 110.It "Fiberline WL-400P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 111.It "Fibreline WL-400X" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 112.It "Gigabyte GN-WI01GS" Ta RT2561S Ta mini-PCI 113.It "Gigabyte GN-WIKG" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 114.It "Gigabyte GN-WMKG" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 115.It "Gigabyte GN-WP01GS" Ta RT2561S Ta PCI 116.It "Gigabyte GN-WPKG" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 117.It "Hawking HWC54GR" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 118.It "Hawking HWP54GR" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 119.It "iNexQ CR054g-009 (R03)" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 120.It "JAHT WN-4054P" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 121.It "JAHT WN-4054PCI" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 122.It "LevelOne WNC-0301 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 123.It "LevelOne WPC-0301 v2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 124.It "Linksys WMP54G v4" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 125.It "Micronet SP906GK" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 126.It "Micronet SP908GK V3" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 127.It "Minitar MN54GCB-R" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 128.It "Minitar MN54GPC-R" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 129.It "MSI CB54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 130.It "MSI MP54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 131.It "MSI PC54G2" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 132.It "OvisLink EVO-W54PCI" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 133.It "PheeNet HWL-PCIG/RA" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 134.It "Pro-Nets CB80211G" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 135.It "Pro-Nets PC80211G" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 136.It "Repotec RP-WB7108" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 137.It "Repotec RP-WP0854" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 138.It "SATech SN-54C" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 139.It "SATech SN-54P" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 140.It "Sitecom WL-112" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 141.It "Sitecom WL-115" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 142.It "SMC SMCWCB-GM" Ta RT2661 Ta CardBus 143.It "SMC SMCWPCI-GM" Ta RT2661 Ta PCI 144.It "SparkLAN WL-685R" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 145.It "Surecom EP-9321-g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 146.It "Surecom EP-9321-g1" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 147.It "Surecom EP-9428-g" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 148.It "Sweex LC500050" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 149.It "Sweex LC700030" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 150.It "TekComm NE-9321-g" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 151.It "TekComm NE-9428-g" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 152.It "Unex CR054g-R02" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 153.It "Unex MR054g-R02" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 154.It "Zinwell ZWX-G160" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 155.It "Zinwell ZWX-G360" Ta RT2560 Ta mini-PCI 156.It "Zinwell ZWX-G361" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 157.It "Zonet ZEW1500" Ta RT2560 Ta CardBus 158.It "Zonet ZEW1600" Ta RT2560 Ta PCI 159.El 160.Pp 161An up to date list can be found at 162.Pa http://damien.bergamini.free.fr/ral/list.html . 163.Sh EXAMPLES 164Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point): 165.Pp 166.Dl "ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00" 167.Pp 168Join a specific BSS network with network name 169.Dq Li my_net : 170.Pp 171.Dl "ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net" 172.Pp 173Join a specific BSS network with 40-bit WEP encryption: 174.Bd -literal -offset indent 175ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e 176 wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1 177.Ed 178.Pp 179Join a specific BSS network with 104-bit WEP encryption: 180.Bd -literal -offset indent 181ifconfig ral0 inet 192.168.0.20 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e 182 wepmode on wepkey 0x01020304050607080910111213 weptxkey 1 183.Ed 184.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 185.Bl -diag 186.It "ral%d: could not load 8051 microcode" 187An error occurred while attempting to upload the microcode to the onboard 8051 188microcontroller unit. 189.It "ral%d: timeout waiting for MCU to initialize" 190The onboard 8051 microcontroller unit failed to initialize in time. 191.It "ral%d: device timeout" 192A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. 193The driver will reset the hardware. 194This should not happen. 195.El 196.Sh SEE ALSO 197.Xr altq 4 , 198.Xr arp 4 , 199.Xr cardbus 4 , 200.Xr netintro 4 , 201.Xr pci 4 , 202.Xr wlan 4 , 203.Xr ifconfig 8 204.Rs 205.%T "Ralink Technology" 206.%O http://www.ralinktech.com/ 207.Re 208.Sh HISTORY 209The 210.Nm 211driver first appeared in 212.Ox 3.7 . 213.Sh CAVEATS 214PCI 215.Nm 216adapters seem to require a PCI 2.2 compliant motherboard and will likely not 217work with PCI 2.1 only motherboard. 218.Pp 219The 220.Nm 221driver does not implement frame aggregation. 222.Sh AUTHORS 223The 224.Nm 225driver was written by 226.An Damien Bergamini Aq damien@FreeBSD.org . 227