xref: /freebsd/share/man/man4/numa.4 (revision b3042426d0d710e883bfa4cb6905e9e9de0d867c)

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.Dd July 10, 2018
.Dt NUMA 4
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm NUMA
.Nd Non-Uniform Memory Access
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Cd options SMP
.Cd options MAXMEMDOM=16
.Pp
.In sys/cpuset.h
.In sys/bus.h
.Sh DESCRIPTION
Non-Uniform Memory Access is a computer architecture design which
involves unequal costs between processors, memory and IO devices
in a given system.
.Pp
In a
.Nm
architecture, the latency to access specific memory or IO devices
depends upon which processor the memory or device is attached to.
Accessing memory local to a processor is faster than accessing memory
that is connected to one of the other processors.
.Pp
.Nm
is enabled when the
.Cd NUMA
option is used in a kernel configuration
file and the
.Cd MAXMEMDOM
option is set to a value greater than 1.
.Pp
Thread and process
.Nm
policies are controlled with the
.Xr cpuset_getdomain 2
and
.Xr cpuset_setdomain 2
syscalls.
The
.Xr cpuset 1
tool is available for starting processes with a non-default
policy, or to change the policy of an existing thread or process.
.Pp
Systems with non-uniform access to I/O devices may mark those devices
with the local VM domain identifier.
Drivers can find out their local domain information by calling
.Xr bus_get_domain 9 .
.Ss MIB Variables
The operation of
.Nm
is controlled and exposes information with these
.Xr sysctl 8
MIB variables:
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
.It Va vm.ndomains
The number of VM domains which have been detected.
.Pp
.It Va vm.phys_locality
A table indicating the relative cost of each VM domain to each other.
A value of 10 indicates equal cost.
A value of -1 means the locality map is not available or no
locality information is available.
.Pp
.It Va vm.phys_segs
The map of physical memory, grouped by VM domain.
.El
.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
The current
.Nm
implementation is VM-focused.
The hardware
.Nm
domains are mapped into a contiguous, non-sparse
VM domain space, starting from 0.
Thus, VM domain information (for example, the domain identifier) is not
necessarily the same as is found in the hardware specific information.
Policy information is available in both struct thread and struct proc.
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr cpuset 1 ,
.Xr cpuset_getaffinity 2 ,
.Xr cpuset_setaffinity 2 ,
.Xr bus_get_domain 9
.Sh HISTORY
.Nm
first appeared in
.Fx 9.0
as a first-touch allocation policy with a fail-over to round-robin allocation
and was not configurable.
It was then modified in
.Fx 10.0
to implement a round-robin allocation policy and was also not configurable.
.Pp
The
.Xr numa_getaffinity 2
and
.Xr numa_setaffinity 2
syscalls and the
.Xr numactl 1
tool first appeared in
.Fx 11.0
and were removed in
.Fx 12.0 .
Current implementation appeared in
.Fx 12.0 .
.Pp
.Sh AUTHORS
This manual page written by
.An Adrian Chadd Aq Mt adrian@FreeBSD.org .
.Sh NOTES
No statistics are kept to indicate how often
.Nm
allocation policies succeed or fail.