xref: /freebsd/share/man/man4/iic.4 (revision cbd30a72ca196976c1c700400ecd424baa1b9c16)
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2.\" Copyright (c) 1998, Nicolas Souchu
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28.Dd May 15, 2015
29.Dt IIC 4
30.Os
31.Sh NAME
32.Nm iic
33.Nd I2C generic I/O device driver
34.Sh SYNOPSIS
35.Cd "device iic"
36.Pp
37.In dev/iicbus/iic.h
38.Sh DESCRIPTION
39The
40.Nm
41device driver provides generic I/O to any
42.Xr iicbus 4
43instance.
44In order to control I2C devices, use
45.Pa /dev/iic?
46with the
47following ioctls:
48.Bl -tag -width ".Dv I2CRPTSTART"
49.It Dv I2CSTART
50.Pq Vt "struct iiccmd"
51Sends the start condition to the slave specified by the
52.Va slave
53element to the bus.
54The
55.Va slave
56element consists of a 7-bit address and a read/write bit
57(that is, a 7-bit address << 1 | r/w).
58A read operation is initiated when the read/write bit is set, or a write
59operation when it is cleared.
60All other elements are ignored.
61If successful, the file descriptor receives exclusive
62ownership of the underlying iicbus instance.
63.It Dv I2CRPTSTART
64.Pq Vt "struct iiccmd"
65Sends the repeated start condition to the slave specified by the
66.Va slave
67element to the bus.
68The slave address should be specified as in
69.Dv I2CSTART .
70All other elements are ignored.
71.Dv I2CSTART
72must have previously been issued on the same file descriptor.
73.It Dv I2CSTOP
74No argument is passed.
75Sends the stop condition to the bus.
76If
77.Dv I2CSTART
78was previously issued on the file descriptor, the current transaction is
79terminated and exclusive ownership of the underlying iicbus instance is
80released.
81Otherwise, no action is performed.
82.It Dv I2CRSTCARD
83.Pq Vt "struct iiccmd"
84Resets the bus.
85The argument is completely ignored.
86This command does not require
87.Dv I2CSTART
88to have been previously issued on the file descriptor.
89If it was previously issued, exclusive ownership of the underlying iicbus
90instance is released.
91.It Dv I2CWRITE
92.Pq Vt "struct iiccmd"
93Writes data to the
94.Xr iicbus 4 .
95The bus must already be started by a previous
96.Dv I2CSTART
97on the file descriptor.
98The
99.Va slave
100element is ignored.
101The
102.Va count
103element is the number of bytes to write.
104The
105.Va last
106element is a boolean flag.
107It must be zero when additional read commands will follow, or non-zero if this
108is the last command.
109The
110.Va buf
111element is a pointer to the data to write to the bus.
112.It Dv I2CREAD
113.Pq Vt "struct iiccmd"
114Reads data from the
115.Xr iicbus 4 .
116The bus must already be started by a previous
117.Dv I2CSTART
118on the file descriptor.
119The
120.Va slave
121element is ignored.
122The
123.Va count
124element is the number of bytes to read.
125The
126.Va last
127element is a boolean flag.
128It must be zero when additional read commands will follow, or non-zero if this
129is the last command.
130The
131.Va buf
132element is a pointer to where to store the data read from the bus.
133Short reads on the bus produce undefined results.
134.It Dv I2CRDWR
135.Pq Vt "struct iic_rdwr_data"
136Generic read/write interface.
137Allows for an arbitrary number of commands to be sent to
138an arbitrary number of devices on the bus.
139Any previous transaction started by
140.Dv I2CSTART
141must be terminated by
142.Dv I2CSTOP
143or
144.Dv I2CRSTCARD
145before
146.Dv I2CRDWR
147can be issued on the same file descriptor.
148A read transfer is specified if
149.Dv IIC_M_RD
150is set in
151.Va flags .
152Otherwise the transfer is a write transfer.
153The
154.Va slave
155element specifies the 7-bit address with the read/write bit for the transfer.
156The read/write bit will be handled by the iicbus stack based on the specified
157transfer operation.
158The
159.Va len
160element is the number of
161.Pq Vt "struct iic_msg"
162messages encoded on
163.Pq Vt "struct iic_rdwr_data" .
164The
165.Va buf
166element is a buffer for that data.
167This ioctl is intended to be
168.Tn Linux
169compatible.
170.It Dv I2CSADDR
171.Pq Vt "uint8_t"
172Associate the specified address with the file descriptor for use by
173subsequent
174.Xr read 2
175or
176.Xr write 2
177calls.
178The argument is an 8-bit address (that is, a 7-bit address << 1).
179The read/write bit in the least-significant position is ignored.
180Any subsequent read or write operation will set or clear that bit as needed.
181.El
182.Pp
183The following data structures are defined in
184.In dev/iicbus/iic.h
185and referenced above:
186.Bd -literal -offset indent
187struct iiccmd {
188	u_char slave;
189	int count;
190	int last;
191	char *buf;
192};
193
194/* Designed to be compatible with linux's struct i2c_msg */
195struct iic_msg
196{
197	uint16_t	slave;
198	uint16_t	flags;
199#define	IIC_M_WR	0	/* Fake flag for write */
200#define	IIC_M_RD	0x0001	/* read vs write */
201#define	IIC_M_NOSTOP	0x0002	/* do not send a I2C stop after message */
202#define	IIC_M_NOSTART	0x0004	/* do not send a I2C start before message */
203	uint16_t	len;	/* msg length */
204	uint8_t *	buf;
205};
206
207struct iic_rdwr_data {
208	struct iic_msg *msgs;
209	uint32_t nmsgs;
210};
211.Ed
212.Pp
213It is also possible to use
214.Xr read 2
215or
216.Xr write 2 ,
217in which case the I2C start/stop handshake is managed by
218.Xr iicbus 4 .
219The address used for the read/write operation is the one passed to the most
220recent
221.Dv I2CSTART
222.Xr ioctl 2
223or
224.Dv I2CSADDR
225.Xr ioctl 2
226on the open
227.Pa /dev/iic?
228file descriptor.
229Closing the file descriptor clears any addressing state established by a
230previous
231.Dv I2CSTART
232or
233.Dv I2CSADDR ,
234stops any transaction established by a not-yet-terminated
235.Dv I2CSTART ,
236and releases iicbus ownership.
237Because addressing state is stored on a per-file-descriptor basis, it is
238permissible for multiple file descriptors to be simultaneously open on the
239same
240.Pa /dev/iic?
241device.
242Concurrent transactions on those descriptors are synchronized by the
243exclusive-ownership requests issued to the underlying iicbus instance.
244.Sh SEE ALSO
245.Xr ioctl 2 ,
246.Xr read 2 ,
247.Xr write 2 ,
248.Xr iicbus 4
249.Sh HISTORY
250The
251.Nm
252manual page first appeared in
253.Fx 3.0 .
254.Sh AUTHORS
255.An -nosplit
256This
257manual page was written by
258.An Nicolas Souchu
259and
260.An M. Warner Losh .
261