xref: /freebsd/share/man/man4/geom_uzip.4 (revision edf8578117e8844e02c0121147f45e4609b30680)
1.\"
2.\" Copyright (c) 2006 Ceri Davies
3.\" All rights reserved.
4.\"
5.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7.\" are met:
8.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13.\"
14.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
25.\"
26.Dd April 28, 2021
27.Dt GEOM_UZIP 4
28.Os
29.Sh NAME
30.Nm geom_uzip
31.Nd "GEOM based compressed disk images and partitions"
32.Sh SYNOPSIS
33To compile this driver into the kernel,
34place the following line in your
35kernel configuration file:
36.Bd -ragged -offset indent
37.Cd "device xz"
38.Cd "options zstd"
39.Cd "options GEOM_UZIP"
40.Ed
41.Pp
42Alternatively, to load the driver as a
43module at boot time, place the following line in
44.Xr loader.conf 5 :
45.Bd -literal -offset indent
46geom_uzip_load="YES"
47.Ed
48.Sh DESCRIPTION
49The
50.Nm
51framework provides support for compressed read-only
52disk images.
53This allows significant storage savings at the expense of
54some CPU time on each read.
55Data written in the GEOM label area allows
56.Nm
57to detect compressed images which have been created with
58.Xr mkuzip 8
59and presented to the kernel as a logical disk device via
60.Xr md 4 .
61.Nm
62creates a unique
63.Pa md#.uzip
64device for each image.
65.Pp
66.Nm
67is not limited to supporting only
68.Xr md 4
69images.
70The image can also reside on a block device.
71.Pq For example, a disk, USB flash drive, DVD-ROM, etc .
72The appropriate device node will appear with the
73.Pa .uzip
74suffix.
75.Bd -literal -offset indent
76# gpart show da0
77=>      0  7833600  da0  BSD  (3.7G)
78        0  2097152    1  freebsd-ufs  (1.0G)
79  2097152  5736448       - free -  (2.7G)
80# gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -s 1G da0
81da0b added
82# dd if=/tmp/20160217_dcomp_zcomp.uzip bs=256k of=/dev/da0b
833190+1 records in
843190+1 records out
85836331008 bytes transferred in 111.021489 secs (7533055 bytes/sec)
86# fsck -t ffs /dev/da0b.uzip
87** /dev/da0b.uzip (NO WRITE)
88** Last Mounted on /mnt
89** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes
90** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames
91** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity
92** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts
93** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups
9497455 files, 604242 used, 184741 free (2349 frags, 22799 blocks,
95   0.3% fragmentation)
96# mount -o ro /dev/da0b.uzip /mnt
97# df /dev/da0b.uzip
98Filesystem     1K-blocks    Used  Avail Capacity  Mounted on
99/dev/da0b.uzip   3155932 2416968 738964    77%    /mnt
100.Ed
101.Pp
102The
103.Nm
104device is subsequently used by
105.Fx
106kernel to access the uncompressed data.
107The
108.Nm
109driver does not allow write operations to the underlying disk image.
110To check which
111.Dq providers
112match a given
113.Nm
114device:
115.Bd -literal -offset indent
116# geom uzip list
117Geom name: md1.uzip
118Providers:
1191. Name: md1.uzip
120   Mediasize: 22003712 (21M)
121   Sectorsize: 512
122Consumers:
1231. Name: md1
124   Mediasize: 9563648 (9.1M)
125   Sectorsize: 512
126
127Geom name: da0b.uzip
128Providers:
1291. Name: da0b.uzip
130   Mediasize: 3355443200 (3.1G)
131   Sectorsize: 512
132Consumers:
1331. Name: da0b
134   Mediasize: 1073741824 (1.0G)
135   Sectorsize: 512
136.Ed
137.Pp
138.Nm
139allows mounting the root file system from a compressed disk partition by
140setting the
141.Dv vfs.root.mountfrom
142tunable.
143See
144.Xr loader.conf 5
145for details.
146.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
147Several flags are provided for tracing
148.Nm
149I/O operations and TOC parsing via the following sysctls.
150.Bl -tag -width indent
151.It Va kern.geom.uzip.debug
152Log level.
153Zero disables logging.
154Higher values enable more verbose debug logging for
155.Nm .
156Supported levels are from 0 (no logging) to 4 (maximum amount of logging).
157.It Va kern.geom.uzip.debug_block
158Log operations involving compressed cluster number.
159.El
160.Sh SEE ALSO
161.Xr GEOM 4 ,
162.Xr md 4 ,
163.Xr geom 8 ,
164.Xr mkuzip 8
165.Sh HISTORY
166Zstd support was added in
167.Fx 13.0 .
168.Sh AUTHORS
169.An -nosplit
170The
171.Nm
172driver was written by
173.An Max Khon Aq Mt fjoe@FreeBSD.org .
174The block de-duplication code as well as some
175.Nm
176driver optimizations have been contributed by
177.An Maxim Sobolev Aq Mt sobomax@FreeBSD.org .
178The LZMA decompression support and CLOOP 3.0 support have been added by
179.An Aleksandr Rybalko Aq Mt ray@FreeBSD.org .
180.Pp
181This manual page was written by
182.An Ceri Davies Aq Mt ceri@FreeBSD.org .
183