1.\" Copyright (c) 2011 Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org> 2.\" All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 13.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 14.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 15.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 16.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 17.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 18.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 19.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 20.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 21.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 22.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 23.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 24.\" 25.\" $FreeBSD$ 26.\" 27.Dd October 3, 2012 28.Dt ATA 4 29.Os 30.Sh NAME 31.Nm ata 32.Nd generic ATA/SATA controller driver 33.Sh SYNOPSIS 34To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your 35kernel configuration file: 36.Bd -ragged -offset indent 37.Cd "device scbus" 38.Cd "device ata" 39.Ed 40.Pp 41Alternatively, to load the driver as set of modules at boot time, 42place some of the following lines in 43.Xr loader.conf 5 : 44.Bd -literal -offset indent 45ata_load="YES" 46 47atacard_load="YES" 48ataisa_load="YES" 49atapci_load="YES" 50 51ataacard_load="YES" 52ataacerlabs_load="YES" 53ataadaptec_load="YES" 54ataahci_load="YES" 55ataamd_load="YES" 56ataati_load="YES" 57atacenatek_load="YES" 58atacypress_load="YES" 59atacyrix_load="YES" 60atahighpoint_load="YES" 61ataintel_load="YES" 62ataite_load="YES" 63atajmicron_load="YES" 64atamarvell_load="YES" 65atamicron_load="YES" 66atanational_load="YES" 67atanetcell_load="YES" 68atanvidia_load="YES" 69atapromise_load="YES" 70ataserverworks_load="YES" 71atasiliconimage_load="YES" 72atasis_load="YES" 73atavia_load="YES" 74.Ed 75.Pp 76The first line is for the common hardware independent code, and is a 77prerequisite for the other modules. 78The next three lines are generic bus-specific drivers. 79Of the rest, ataahci is the AHCI driver. 80The others are vendor-specific PCI drivers. 81.Pp 82The following tunables are settable from the 83.Xr loader 8 : 84.Bl -ohang 85.It Va hw.ahci.force 86set to nonzero value for forcing drivers to attach to some known AHCI-capable 87chips even if they are configured for legacy IDE emulation (the default is 1, 88force the attach). 89.It Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin 90set to 0 to disable the 80pin cable check (the default is 1, check the cable). 91.It Va hint.atapci.X.msi 92set to 1 to allow Message Signalled Interrupts (MSI) to be used by the 93specified PCI ATA controller, if supported. 94.It Va hint.ata.X.devX.mode 95limits the initial ATA mode for the specified device on the specified channel. 96.It Va hint.ata.X.mode 97limits the initial ATA mode for every device on the specified channel. 98.It Va hint.ata.X.pm_level 99controls SATA interface Power Management for the specified channel, 100allowing some power savings at the cost of additional command latency. 101Possible values: 102.Pp 103.Bl -tag -width 4n -offset indent -compact 104.It 0 105Interface Power Management is disabled. 106This is the default value. 107.It 1 108The device is allowed to initiate a PM state change; the host is passive. 109.It 2 110The host initiates a PARTIAL PM state transition every time a port becomes idle. 111.It 3 112host initiates SLUMBER PM state transition every time port becomes idle. 113.El 114.Pp 115Modes 2 and 3 are only supported for AHCI. 116.It Va hint.ata. Ns Ar X Ns Va .dev Ns Ar X Ns Va .sata_rev 117limits the initial SATA revision (speed) for the specified device 118on the specified channel. 119Values 1, 2 and 3 are respectively 1.5, 3 and 6Gbps. 120.It Va hint.ata. Ns Ar X Ns Va .sata_rev 121Same, but for every device on the specified channel. 122.El 123.Sh DESCRIPTION 124The 125.Nm 126driver gives the 127.Xr CAM 4 128subsystem access to the ATA (IDE) and SATA ports 129of many generic controllers. 130Depending on the controller, each PATA (IDE) 131port or each one or two SATA ports are 132represented to CAM as a separate bus with one or two targets. 133Most of the bus-management details are handled by the ATA/SATA-specific 134transport of CAM. 135Connected ATA disks are handled by the ATA protocol disk peripheral driver 136.Xr ada 4 . 137ATAPI devices are handled by the SCSI protocol peripheral drivers 138.Xr cd 4 , 139.Xr da 4 , 140.Xr sa 4 , 141etc. 142.Pp 143This driver supports ATA, and for the most of controllers, ATAPI devices. 144Command queuing and SATA port multipliers are not supported. 145Device hot-plug and SATA interface power management is supported only on 146some controllers. 147.Pp 148The 149.Nm 150driver can change the transfer mode when the system is up and running. 151See the 152.Cm negotiate 153subcommand of 154.Xr camcontrol 8 . 155.Pp 156The 157.Nm 158driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default. 159However, the 160.Nm 161driver sometimes warns: 162.Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device". 163This means that 164the 165.Nm 166driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present 167or could not be detected properly, 168or that one of the devices on the channel only accepts up 169to UDMA2/ATA33. 170The 171.Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin 172tunable can be set to 0 to disable this check. 173.Sh HARDWARE 174The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are: 175.Pp 176.Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact 177.It Acard: 178ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R. 179.It ALI: 180M5228, M5229, M5281, M5283, M5287, M5288, M5289. 181.It AMD: 182AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111, CS5536. 183.It ATI: 184IXP200, IXP300, IXP400, IXP600, IXP700, IXP800. 185.It CMD: 186CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649. 187.It Cypress: 188Cypress 82C693. 189.It Cyrix: 190Cyrix 5530. 191.It HighPoint: 192HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374. 193.It Intel: 1946300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5, 195ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10, SCH, PCH. 196.It ITE: 197IT8211F, IT8212F, IT8213F. 198.It JMicron: 199JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368. 200.It Marvell 20188SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6042, 88SX6081, 88SE6101, 20288SE6102, 88SE6111, 88SE6121, 88SE6141, 88SE6145, 88SX7042. 203.It National: 204SC1100. 205.It NetCell: 206NC3000, NC5000. 207.It nVidia: 208nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4, 209MCP51, MCP55, MCP61, MCP65, MCP67, MCP73, MCP77, MCP79, MCP89. 210.It Promise: 211PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270, 212PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375, 213PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580, 214PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519, 215PDC40718, PDC40719. 216.It ServerWorks: 217HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8. 218.It Silicon Image: 219SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512. 220.It SiS: 221SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630, 222SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962, 223SIS963, SIS964, SIS965. 224.It VIA: 225VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686, 226VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237, 227VT8237A, VT8237S, VT8251, CX700, VX800, VX855, VX900. 228.El 229.Pp 230Some of above chips are also supported by the more featured 231.Xr ahci 4 , 232.Xr mvs 4 , 233and 234.Xr siis 4 235drivers. 236If both drivers are loaded at the same time, those will have precedence. 237.Pp 238Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard 239busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is 240also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is 241not known what the chipset can do and how to program it. 242.Sh NOTES 243Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you 244.Em must 245use 80 conductor cables. 246Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm. 247In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the 248quality of the cables. 249SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification. 250External SATA cables can be 2m long and more, but not all controllers 251work well on long cables, especially at high speeds. 252.Sh SEE ALSO 253.Xr ada 4 , 254.Xr ahci 4 , 255.Xr cam 4 , 256.Xr camcontrol 8 , 257.Xr cd 4 , 258.Xr mvs 4 , 259.Xr siis 4 260.Sh HISTORY 261The 262.Nm 263driver first appeared in 264.Fx 4.0 . 265It was turned into a 266.Xr CAM 4 267interface module in 268.Fx 9.0 . 269.Sh AUTHORS 270.An Alexander Motin Aq Mt mav@FreeBSD.org 271.An S\(/oren Schmidt Aq Mt sos@FreeBSD.org 272