1.\" 2.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 3.\" Copyright (c) 2000,2001 S�ren Schmidt 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 15.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 16.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 17.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 19.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 21.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 22.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 23.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 24.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 25.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 26.\" 27.\" $FreeBSD$ 28.\" 29.Dd January 27, 2000 30.Dt ATA 4 31.Os 32.Sh NAME 33.Nm ata , 34.Nm acd , 35.Nm ad , 36.Nm afd , 37.Nm ast 38.Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver 39.Sh SYNOPSIS 40For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support: 41.Cd device isa 42.Cd device ata 43.Pp 44In 45.Pa /boot/device.hints : 46.Cd hint.ata.0.at="isa" 47.Cd hint.ata.0.port="0x1f0" 48.Cd hint.ata.0.irq="14" 49.Cd hint.ata.1.at="isa" 50.Cd hint.ata.1.port="0x170" 51.Cd hint.ata.1.irq="15" 52.Pp 53For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support: 54.Cd device pci 55.Cd device ata 56.Pp 57To support ATA compliant disk drives: 58.Cd device atadisk 59.Pp 60To support ATAPI CD-ROM, CDR, CDRW, DVD-ROM and DVD-RAM drives: 61.Cd device atapicd 62.Pp 63To support ATAPI floppy drives, 64such as the ZIP and LS120: 65.Cd device atapifd 66.Pp 67To support ATAPI tape drives: 68.Cd device atapist 69.Pp 70The following tunables are setable from the loader: 71.Bl -ohang 72.It Va hw.ata.ata_dma 73set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA). 74.It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma 75set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is PIO). 76.It Va hw.ata.wc 77set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is disabled). 78(WARNING: might cause data loss on power failures.) 79.It Va hw.ata.tags 80set to 1 to enable Tagged Queuing support, 0 to disable (default is disabled). 81(Only IBM DPTA, DTLA, ICxxxxxxAT, ICxxxxxxAV, and GXP drives support that.) 82.El 83.Sh DESCRIPTION 84This driver provides access to disk drives, ATAPI CD-ROM and DVD drives, 85ZIP drives and tape streamers connected to controllers 86according to the ATA and ATAPI standards. 87These devices are also commonly known as IDE or EIDE devices. 88.Pp 89The currently supported controllers with their maximum speed include: 90.Pp 91.Bl -tag -width "Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX4" -compact 92.It Acerlabs Aladdin 93Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 94.It AMD 756 95Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 96.It AMD 766 97Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 98.It CMD 646 99DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 100.It CMD 648 101Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 102.It CMD 649 103Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 104.It Cypress 82C693 105DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 106.It Cyrix 5530 107Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 108.It HighPoint HPT366 109Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 110.It HighPoint HPT370 111Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 112.It HighPoint HPT372 113Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec 114.It Intel PIIX 115DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 116.It Intel PIIX3 117DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 118.It Intel PIIX4 119Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 120.It Intel ICH0 121Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 122.It Intel ICH 123Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 124.It Intel ICH2 125Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 126.It Intel ICH3 127Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 128.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-33 129Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 130.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-66 131Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 132.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 133Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 134.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX4 135Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 136.It ServerWorks ROSB4 137Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 138.It SiS 5591 139Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 140.It VIA 82C586 141Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 142.It VIA 82C596 143Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 144.It VIA 82C686a 145Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 146.It VIA 82C686b 147Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 148.El 149.Pp 150All unknown chipsets are supported at the maximum speed of 16 MB/sec. 151.Pp 152The 153.Nm 154driver also allows for changes to the transfer mode of the devices 155at a later time when the system is up and running, see 156.Xr atacontrol 8 . 157.Pp 158The driver attempts to set the maximum performance transfer mode on your disk 159drives by selecting the highest possible DMA mode. 160ATAPI devices are left in PIO mode because DMA problems are common despite the 161device specifications. 162You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using 163.Xr atacontrol 8 , 164but be aware that your hardware might 165.Em not 166support it and can 167.Em hang 168the system. 169.Sh FILES 170.Bl -tag -width "/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC " -compact 171.It Pa /dev/ad* 172ATA disk device nodes 173.It Pa /dev/acd* 174ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes 175.It Pa /dev/afd* 176ATAPI floppy drive device nodes 177.It Pa /dev/ast* 178ATAPI tape drive device nodes 179.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC 180sample generic kernel config file for 181.Nm 182based systems 183.El 184.Sh NOTES 185Static numbering 186(enabled with the 187.Dv ATA_STATIC_ID 188kernel option) 189reserves a number for each possibly connected disk, 190even when not present. 191This may result in odd situations where, 192for example, 193ad0 and ad2 exist in the absence of ad1. 194The advantage is that the addition of the formerly absent drive 195does not cause the numbers of the other drives to change. 196.Pp 197The 198.Nm 199driver does not support MFM/RLL/ESDI (ST-506) style disks. 200.Pp 201Remember that in order to use UDMA4 (and above) mode you 202.Em have 203to use a special 80 conductor cable, 204and the driver tries to determine if you have such a cable 205attached before setting UDMA4 mode. 206.Pp 207The use of UDMA4(66MHz) and higher together with non-UDMA4 devices on 208the same ATA channel is not recommended, 209unless they are run at the non-UDMA4 device's lower speed. 210The driver has been designed to handle that kind of setup but lots of 211older devices do not like this. 212.Sh SEE ALSO 213.Xr atacontrol 8 , 214.Xr burncd 8 215.Sh HISTORY 216The 217.Nm 218driver first appeared in 219.Fx 4.0 . 220.Sh AUTHORS 221.An -nosplit 222The 223.Nm 224driver was written by 225.An S\(/oren Schmidt 226.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 227.Pp 228This manual page was written by 229.An Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 230.Aq asmodai@FreeBSD.org 231and 232.An S\(/oren Schmidt 233.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 234