1.\" 2.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 3.\" Copyright (c) 2000 S�ren Schmidt 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 15.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 16.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 17.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 19.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 21.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 22.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 23.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 24.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 25.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 26.\" 27.\" $FreeBSD$ 28.\" 29.Dd January 27, 2000 30.Dt ATA 4 31.Os FreeBSD 4.0 32.Sh NAME 33.Nm ata , 34.Nm acd , 35.Nm ad , 36.Nm afd , 37.Nm ast 38.Nd 39Generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver 40.Sh SYNOPSIS 41For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support: 42.Cd device isa 43.Cd device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14 44.Cd device ata1 at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15 45.Pp 46For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support: 47.Cd device pci 48.Cd device ata 49.Pp 50To support ATA compliant disk drives: 51.Cd device atadisk 52.Pp 53To support ATAPI CD-ROM, CDR, CDRW, DVD-ROM and DVD-RAM drives: 54.Cd device atapicd 55.Pp 56To support ATAPI floppy drives, 57such as the ZIP and LS120: 58.Cd device atapifd 59.Pp 60To support ATAPI tape drives: 61.Cd device atapist 62.Pp 63To enable static controller and device numbering 64(see the 65.Sx NOTES 66section below): 67.Cd options ATA_STATIC_ID 68.Pp 69To enable DMA on an ATAPI device: 70.Cd options ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA 71.Sh DESCRIPTION 72This driver provides access to disk drives, ATAPI CD-ROM and DVD drives, 73ZIP drives and tape streamers connected to controllers 74according to the ATA and ATAPI standards. 75These devices are also commonly known as IDE or EIDE devices. 76.Pp 77The currently supported controllers with their maximum speed include: 78.Pp 79.Bl -tag -width "Promise Fasttrak-33 " -compact 80.It Acerlabs Aladdin 81Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 82.It AMD 756 83Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 84.It CMD 646 85DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 86.It Cypress 82C693 87DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 88.It HighPoint HPT366 89Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 90.It Intel PIIX 91DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 92.It Intel PIIX3 93DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 94.It Intel PIIX4 95Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 96.It Intel ICH 97Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 98.It Promise Fasttrak-33 99Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 100.It Promise Fasttrak-66 101Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 102.It Promise Ultra-33 103Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 104.It Promise Ultra-66 105Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 106.It SiS 5591 107Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 108.It VIA 82C586 109Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 110.It VIA 82C686 111Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 112.El 113.Pp 114All unknown chipsets can be supported at the maximum speed of 16 MB/sec. 115.Pp 116The ata driver also allows for changes to the transfer mode of the devices 117at a later time when the system is up and running. 118.Pp 119The driver attempts to set the maximum performance transfer mode on your disk 120drives by selecting the highest possible DMA mode. 121ATAPI devices are left in PIO mode because DMA problems are common despite the 122device specifications. 123You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using the sysctl 124method described here, 125but be aware that your hardware might 126.Em not 127support it and can 128.Em hang 129the system. 130.Pp 131To see the devices' current access modes, use the command line: 132.Pp 133.Dl sysctl hw.atamodes 134.Pp 135which results in the modes of the devices being displayed as a string 136like this: 137.Pp 138.Dl hw.atamodes: dma,pio,---,pio,dma,---,dma,---, (--- = no device) 139.Pp 140This means that ata0-master is in DMA mode, 141ata0-slave is in PIO mode, 142and so forth. 143You can set the mode with sysctl -w and a string like the above, 144for example: 145.Pp 146.Dl sysctl -w hw.atamodes=pio,pio,---,dma,pio,---,dma,---, 147.Pp 148The new modes are set as soon as the sysctl command returns. 149.Pp 150.Sh FILES 151.Bl -tag -width "/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC " -compact 152.It Pa /dev/ad* 153ATA disk device nodes 154.It Pa /dev/acd* 155ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes 156.It Pa /dev/afd* 157ATAPI floppy drive device nodes 158.It Pa /dev/ast* 159ATAPI tape drive device nodes 160.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC 161sample generic kernel config file for ata based systems 162.El 163.Sh NOTES 164Static numbering 165(enabled with the 166.Dv ATA_STATIC_ID 167kernel option) 168reserves a number for each possibly connected disk, 169even when not present. 170This may result in odd situations where, 171for example, 172ad0 and ad2 exist in the absence of ad1. 173The advantage is that the addition of the formerly absent drive 174does not cause the numbers of the other drives to change. 175.Pp 176The ata driver does not support MFM/RLL/ESDI (ST-506) style disks. 177.Pp 178Remember that in order to use UDMA4 mode you 179.Em have 180to use a special 80 conductor cable, 181and the driver tries to determine if you have such a cable 182attached before setting UDMA4 mode. 183.Pp 184The use of UDMA4(66MHz) and non-UDMA4 devices on the same ATA channel is not 185recommended, 186unless they are run at the non-UDMA4 device's lower speed. 187The driver has been designed to handle this but some older devices do 188not like this. 189.Sh AUTHORS 190The ata driver was written by 191.An S�ren Schmidt 192.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 193.Pp 194This manual page was written by 195.An Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 196.Aq asmodai@FreeBSD.org 197and 198.An S�ren Schmidt 199.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 200