1.\" 2.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 3.\" Copyright (c) 2000,2001,2002 S�ren Schmidt 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 15.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 16.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 17.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 19.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 21.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 22.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 23.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 24.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 25.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 26.\" 27.\" $FreeBSD$ 28.\" 29.Dd January 27, 2000 30.Dt ATA 4 31.Os 32.Sh NAME 33.Nm ata , 34.Nm acd , 35.Nm ad , 36.Nm afd , 37.Nm ast 38.Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver 39.Sh SYNOPSIS 40For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support: 41.Cd device isa 42.Cd device ata 43.Pp 44In 45.Pa /boot/device.hints : 46.Cd hint.ata.0.at="isa" 47.Cd hint.ata.0.port="0x1f0" 48.Cd hint.ata.0.irq="14" 49.Cd hint.ata.1.at="isa" 50.Cd hint.ata.1.port="0x170" 51.Cd hint.ata.1.irq="15" 52.Pp 53For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support: 54.Cd device pci 55.Cd device ata 56.Pp 57To support ATA compliant disk drives: 58.Cd device atadisk 59.Pp 60To support ATAPI CD-ROM, CDR, CDRW, DVD-ROM and DVD-RAM drives: 61.Cd device atapicd 62.Pp 63To support ATAPI floppy drives, 64such as the ZIP and LS120: 65.Cd device atapifd 66.Pp 67To support ATAPI tape drives: 68.Cd device atapist 69.Pp 70The following tunables are setable from the loader: 71.Bl -ohang 72.It Va hw.ata.ata_dma 73set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA). 74.It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma 75set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is PIO). 76.It Va hw.ata.wc 77set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled). 78(WARNING: might cause data loss on power failures.) 79.It Va hw.ata.tags 80set to 1 to enable Tagged Queuing support, 0 to disable (default is disabled). 81(Only IBM DPTA, DTLA, ICxxxxxxAT, ICxxxxxxAV drives support that.) 82.El 83.Sh DESCRIPTION 84This driver provides access to disk drives, ATAPI CD-ROM and DVD drives, 85ZIP drives and tape streamers connected to controllers 86according to the ATA and ATAPI standards. 87These devices are also commonly known as IDE or EIDE devices. 88.Pp 89The currently supported controllers with their maximum speed include: 90.Pp 91.Bl -tag -width "Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX2000" -compact 92.It Acerlabs Aladdin 93Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 94.It AMD 756 95Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 96.It AMD 766 97Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 98.It CMD 646 99DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 100.It CMD 648 101Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 102.It CMD 649 103Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 104.It Cypress 82C693 105DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 106.It Cyrix 5530 107Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 108.It HighPoint HPT366 109Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 110.It HighPoint HPT370 111Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 112.It HighPoint HPT372 113Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec 114.It HighPoint HPT374 115Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec 116.It Intel PIIX 117DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 118.It Intel PIIX3 119DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 120.It Intel PIIX4 121Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 122.It Intel ICH0 123Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 124.It Intel ICH 125Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 126.It Intel ICH2 127Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 128.It Intel ICH3 129Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 130.It Intel ICH4 131Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 132.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-33 133Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 134.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-66 135Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 136.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 137Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 138.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX4 139Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 140.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-133 TX2/TX2000 141Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec 142.It ServerWorks ROSB4 143Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 144.It ServerWorks CSB5 145Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 146.It Sil 0680 147Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 148.It SiS 5591 149Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 150.It VIA 82C586 151Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 152.It VIA 82C596 153Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 154.It VIA 82C686a 155Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 156.It VIA 82C686b 157Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 158.It VIA 8233/8235 159Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 160.El 161.Pp 162All unknown chipsets are supported at the maximum speed of 16 MB/sec. 163.Pp 164The 165.Nm 166driver also allows for changes to the transfer mode of the devices 167at a later time when the system is up and running, see 168.Xr atacontrol 8 . 169.Pp 170The driver attempts to set the maximum performance transfer mode on your disk 171drives by selecting the highest possible DMA mode. However the 172.Nm 173driver sometimes issue the message 174"DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device", 175if the cable is ATA66 (or above) compliant, it is because the other device 176on this channel states it can only accept upto UDMA2/ATA33 signals. 177ATAPI devices are left in PIO mode because DMA problems are common despite the 178device specifications. 179You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using 180.Xr atacontrol 8 , 181but be aware that your hardware might 182.Em not 183support it and can 184.Em hang 185the system. 186.Sh FILES 187.Bl -tag -width "/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC " -compact 188.It Pa /dev/ad* 189ATA disk device nodes 190.It Pa /dev/acd* 191ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes 192.It Pa /dev/afd* 193ATAPI floppy drive device nodes 194.It Pa /dev/ast* 195ATAPI tape drive device nodes 196.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC 197sample generic kernel config file for 198.Nm 199based systems 200.El 201.Sh NOTES 202Static numbering 203(enabled with the 204.Dv ATA_STATIC_ID 205kernel option) 206reserves a number for each possibly connected disk, 207even when not present. 208This may result in odd situations where, 209for example, 210ad0 and ad2 exist in the absence of ad1. 211The advantage is that the addition of the formerly absent drive 212does not cause the numbers of the other drives to change. 213.Pp 214The 215.Nm 216driver does not support MFM/RLL/ESDI (ST-506) style disks. 217.Pp 218Remember that in order to use UDMA4 (and above) mode you 219.Em have 220to use a special 80 conductor cable, 221and the driver tries to determine if you have such a cable 222attached before setting UDMA4 mode. 223.Pp 224The use of UDMA4(66MHz) and higher together with non-UDMA4 devices on 225the same ATA channel is not recommended, 226unless they are run at the non-UDMA4 device's lower speed. 227The driver has been designed to handle that kind of setup but lots of 228older devices do not like this. 229.Sh SEE ALSO 230.Xr atacontrol 8 , 231.Xr burncd 8 232.Sh HISTORY 233The 234.Nm 235driver first appeared in 236.Fx 4.0 . 237.Sh AUTHORS 238.An -nosplit 239The 240.Nm 241driver was written by 242.An S\(/oren Schmidt 243.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 244.Pp 245This manual page was written by 246.An Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 247.Aq asmodai@FreeBSD.org 248and 249.An S\(/oren Schmidt 250.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 251