1.\" 2.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 3.\" Copyright (c) 2000,2001,2002 S�ren Schmidt 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 15.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 16.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 17.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 19.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 21.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 22.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 23.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 24.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 25.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 26.\" 27.\" $FreeBSD$ 28.\" 29.Dd January 27, 2000 30.Dt ATA 4 31.Os 32.Sh NAME 33.Nm ata , 34.Nm acd , 35.Nm ad , 36.Nm afd , 37.Nm ast 38.Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver 39.Sh SYNOPSIS 40For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support: 41.Cd device isa 42.Cd device ata 43.Pp 44In 45.Pa /boot/device.hints : 46.Cd hint.ata.0.at="isa" 47.Cd hint.ata.0.port="0x1f0" 48.Cd hint.ata.0.irq="14" 49.Cd hint.ata.1.at="isa" 50.Cd hint.ata.1.port="0x170" 51.Cd hint.ata.1.irq="15" 52.Pp 53For PC98 based ATA/ATAPI support: 54.Cd device isa 55.Cd device ata 56.Pp 57In 58.Pa /boot/device.hints : 59.Cd hint.atacbus.0.at="isa" 60.Cd hint.atacbus.0.port="0x640" 61.Cd hint.atacbus.0.irq="9" 62.Pp 63For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support: 64.Cd device pci 65.Cd device ata 66.Pp 67To support ATA compliant disk drives: 68.Cd device atadisk 69.Pp 70To support ATAPI CD-ROM, CDR, CDRW, DVD-ROM and DVD-RAM drives: 71.Cd device atapicd 72.Pp 73To support ATAPI floppy drives, 74such as the ZIP and LS120: 75.Cd device atapifd 76.Pp 77To support ATAPI tape drives: 78.Cd device atapist 79.Pp 80The following tunables are setable from the loader: 81.Bl -ohang 82.It Va hw.ata.ata_dma 83set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA). 84.It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma 85set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is PIO). 86.It Va hw.ata.wc 87set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled). 88(WARNING: might cause data loss on power failures.) 89.It Va hw.ata.tags 90set to 1 to enable Tagged Queuing support, 0 to disable (default is disabled). 91(Only IBM DPTA, DTLA, ICxxxxxxAT, ICxxxxxxAV drives support that.) 92.El 93.Sh DESCRIPTION 94This driver provides access to disk drives, ATAPI CD-ROM and DVD drives, 95ZIP drives and tape streamers connected to controllers 96according to the ATA and ATAPI standards. 97These devices are also commonly known as IDE or EIDE devices. 98.Pp 99The currently supported controllers with their maximum speed include: 100.Pp 101.Bl -tag -width "Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX2000" -compact 102.It Acerlabs Aladdin 103Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 104.It AMD 756 105Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 106.It AMD 766 107Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 108.It Acard ATP850 109Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 110.It Acard ATP860 111Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 112.It Acard ATP865 113Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec 114.It CMD 646 115DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 116.It CMD 648 117Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 118.It CMD 649 119Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 120.It Cypress 82C693 121DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 122.It Cyrix 5530 123Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 124.It HighPoint HPT366 125Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 126.It HighPoint HPT370 127Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 128.It HighPoint HPT372 129Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec 130.It HighPoint HPT374 131Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec 132.It Intel PIIX 133DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 134.It Intel PIIX3 135DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 136.It Intel PIIX4 137Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 138.It Intel ICH0 139Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 140.It Intel ICH 141Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 142.It Intel ICH2 143Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 144.It Intel ICH3 145Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 146.It Intel ICH4 147Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 148.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-33 149Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 150.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-66 151Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 152.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 153Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 154.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 TX2/TX4 155Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 156.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-133 TX2/TX2000 157Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec 158.It ServerWorks ROSB4 159Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 160.It ServerWorks CSB5 161Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 162.It Sil 0680 163Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 164.It SiS 5591 165Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 166.It VIA 82C586 167Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 168.It VIA 82C596 169Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 170.It VIA 82C686a 171Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 172.It VIA 82C686b 173Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 174.It VIA 8233/8235 175Ultra DMA 133 (UDMA6), 133 MB/sec (depending on model, max stated at boot) 176.El 177.Pp 178All unknown chipsets are supported at the maximum speed of 16 MB/sec. 179.Pp 180The 181.Nm 182driver also allows for changes to the transfer mode of the devices 183at a later time when the system is up and running, see 184.Xr atacontrol 8 . 185.Pp 186The driver attempts to set the maximum performance transfer mode on your disk 187drives by selecting the highest possible DMA mode. 188However the 189.Nm 190driver sometimes issues the message 191.Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device" , 192if the cable is ATA66 (or above) compliant, it is because the other device 193on this channel states it can only accept up to UDMA2/ATA33 signals. 194ATAPI devices are left in PIO mode because DMA problems are common despite the 195device specifications. 196You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using 197.Xr atacontrol 8 , 198but be aware that your hardware might 199.Em not 200support it and can 201.Em hang 202the system. 203.Sh FILES 204.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC" -compact 205.It Pa /dev/ad* 206ATA disk device nodes 207.It Pa /dev/acd* 208ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes 209.It Pa /dev/afd* 210ATAPI floppy drive device nodes 211.It Pa /dev/ast* 212ATAPI tape drive device nodes 213.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC 214sample generic kernel config file for 215.Nm 216based systems 217.El 218.Sh NOTES 219Static numbering 220(enabled with the 221.Dv ATA_STATIC_ID 222kernel option) 223reserves a number for each possibly connected disk, 224even when not present. 225This may result in odd situations where, 226for example, 227ad0 and ad2 exist in the absence of ad1. 228The advantage is that the addition of the formerly absent drive 229does not cause the numbers of the other drives to change. 230.Pp 231The 232.Nm 233driver does not support MFM/RLL/ESDI (ST-506) style disks. 234.Pp 235Remember that in order to use UDMA4 (and above) mode you 236.Em have 237to use a special 80 conductor cable, 238and the driver tries to determine if you have such a cable 239attached before setting UDMA4 mode. 240.Pp 241The use of UDMA4(66MHz) and higher together with non-UDMA4 devices on 242the same ATA channel is not recommended, 243unless they are run at the non-UDMA4 device's lower speed. 244The driver has been designed to handle that kind of setup but lots of 245older devices do not like this. 246.Sh SEE ALSO 247.Xr atacontrol 8 , 248.Xr burncd 8 249.Sh HISTORY 250The 251.Nm 252driver first appeared in 253.Fx 4.0 . 254.Sh AUTHORS 255.An -nosplit 256The 257.Nm 258driver was written by 259.An S\(/oren Schmidt 260.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 261.Pp 262This manual page was written by 263.An Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 264.Aq asmodai@FreeBSD.org 265and 266.An S\(/oren Schmidt 267.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 268