1.\" 2.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 3.\" Copyright (c) 2000,2001 S�ren Schmidt 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 15.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 16.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 17.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 19.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 21.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 22.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 23.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 24.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 25.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 26.\" 27.\" $FreeBSD$ 28.\" 29.Dd January 27, 2000 30.Dt ATA 4 31.Os FreeBSD 32.Sh NAME 33.Nm ata , 34.Nm acd , 35.Nm ad , 36.Nm afd , 37.Nm ast 38.Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver 39.Sh SYNOPSIS 40For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support: 41.Cd device isa 42.Cd device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14 43.Cd device ata1 at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15 44.Pp 45For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support: 46.Cd device pci 47.Cd device ata 48.Pp 49To support ATA compliant disk drives: 50.Cd device atadisk 51.Pp 52To support ATAPI CD-ROM, CDR, CDRW, DVD-ROM and DVD-RAM drives: 53.Cd device atapicd 54.Pp 55To support ATAPI floppy drives, 56such as the ZIP and LS120: 57.Cd device atapifd 58.Pp 59To support ATAPI tape drives: 60.Cd device atapist 61.Pp 62The following tunables are setable from the loader: 63.Bl -ohang 64.It Va hw.ata.ata_dma 65set to 1 for DMA access 0 for PIO (default is DMA). 66.It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma 67set to 1 for DMA access 0 for PIO (default is PIO). 68.It Va hw.ata.wc 69set to 1 to enable Write Caching (default is disabled) 70(WARNING might cause data loss on power failures) 71.It Va hw.ata.tags 72set to 1 to enable Tagged Queuing support (default is disabled) 73(only IBM DPTA and DTLA drives support that) 74.El 75.Sh DESCRIPTION 76This driver provides access to disk drives, ATAPI CD-ROM and DVD drives, 77ZIP drives and tape streamers connected to controllers 78according to the ATA and ATAPI standards. 79These devices are also commonly known as IDE or EIDE devices. 80.Pp 81The currently supported controllers with their maximum speed include: 82.Pp 83.Bl -tag -width "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx" -compact 84.It Acerlabs Aladdin 85Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 86.It AMD 756 87Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 88.It CMD 646 89DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 90.It CMD 648 91Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 92.It CMD 649 93Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 94.It Cypress 82C693 95DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 96.It HighPoint HPT366 97Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 98.It HighPoint HPT370 99Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 100.It Intel PIIX 101DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 102.It Intel PIIX3 103DMA 2 (WDMA2), 16 MB/sec 104.It Intel PIIX4 105Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 106.It Intel ICH0 107Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 108.It Intel ICH 109Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 110.It Intel ICH2 111Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 112.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-33 113Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 114.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-66 115Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 116.It Promise Ultra/Fasttrak-100 117Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 118.It ServerWorks ROSB4 119Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 120.It SiS 5591 121Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 122.It Cyrix 5530 123Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 124.It VIA 82C586 125Ultra DMA 33 (UDMA2), 33 MB/sec 126.It VIA 82C686a 127Ultra DMA 66 (UDMA4), 66 MB/sec 128.It VIA 82C686b 129Ultra DMA 100 (UDMA5), 100 MB/sec 130.El 131.Pp 132All unknown chipsets can be supported at the maximum speed of 16 MB/sec. 133.Pp 134The 135.Nm 136driver also allows for changes to the transfer mode of the devices 137at a later time when the system is up and running, see 138.Xr atacontrol 8 . 139.Pp 140The driver attempts to set the maximum performance transfer mode on your disk 141drives by selecting the highest possible DMA mode. 142ATAPI devices are left in PIO mode because DMA problems are common despite the 143device specifications. 144You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using 145.Xr atacontrol 8 , 146but be aware that your hardware might 147.Em not 148support it and can 149.Em hang 150the system. 151.Sh FILES 152.Bl -tag -width "/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC " -compact 153.It Pa /dev/ad* 154ATA disk device nodes 155.It Pa /dev/acd* 156ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes 157.It Pa /dev/afd* 158ATAPI floppy drive device nodes 159.It Pa /dev/ast* 160ATAPI tape drive device nodes 161.It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC 162sample generic kernel config file for 163.Nm 164based systems 165.El 166.Sh NOTES 167Static numbering 168(enabled with the 169.Dv ATA_STATIC_ID 170kernel option) 171reserves a number for each possibly connected disk, 172even when not present. 173This may result in odd situations where, 174for example, 175ad0 and ad2 exist in the absence of ad1. 176The advantage is that the addition of the formerly absent drive 177does not cause the numbers of the other drives to change. 178.Pp 179The 180.Nm 181driver does not support MFM/RLL/ESDI (ST-506) style disks. 182.Pp 183Remember that in order to use UDMA4 (and above) mode you 184.Em have 185to use a special 80 conductor cable, 186and the driver tries to determine if you have such a cable 187attached before setting UDMA4 mode. 188.Pp 189The use of UDMA4(66MHz) and higher together with non-UDMA4 devices on 190the same ATA channel is not recommended, 191unless they are run at the non-UDMA4 device's lower speed. 192The driver has been designed to handle that kind of setup but lots of 193older devices do not like this. 194.Sh SEE ALSO 195.Xr atacontrol 8 , 196.Xr burncd 8 197.Sh HISTORY 198The 199.Nm 200driver first appeared in 201.Fx 4.0 . 202.Sh AUTHORS 203.An -nosplit 204The 205.Nm 206driver was written by 207.An S\(/oren Schmidt 208.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 209.Pp 210This manual page was written by 211.An Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven 212.Aq asmodai@FreeBSD.org 213and 214.An S\(/oren Schmidt 215.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 216