xref: /freebsd/share/examples/kld/khelp/h_example.c (revision d0b2dbfa0ecf2bbc9709efc5e20baf8e4b44bbbf)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 The FreeBSD Foundation
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This software was developed at the Centre for Advanced Internet
8  * Architectures, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia by
9  * Lawrence Stewart under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 /*
34  * This example Khelp module uses the helper hook points available in the TCP
35  * stack to calculate a per-connection count of inbound and outbound packets
36  * when the connection is in the established state. The code is verbosely
37  * documented in an attempt to explain how everything fits together.
38  */
39 
40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/kernel.h>
43 #include <sys/hhook.h>
44 #include <sys/khelp.h>
45 #include <sys/module.h>
46 #include <sys/module_khelp.h>
47 #include <sys/socket.h>
48 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
49 
50 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
51 
52 #include <vm/uma.h>
53 
54 /*
55  * Function prototype for our helper hook (man 9 hhook) compatible hook
56  * function.
57  */
58 static int example_hook(int hhook_type, int hhook_id, void *udata,
59     void *ctx_data, void *hdata, struct osd *hosd);
60 
61 /*
62  * Our per-connection persistent data storage struct.
63  */
64 struct example {
65 	uint32_t est_in_count;
66 	uint32_t est_out_count;
67 };
68 
69 /*
70  * Fill in the required bits of our module's struct helper (defined in
71  * <sys/module_khelp.h>).
72  *
73  * - Our helper will be storing persistent state for each TCP connection, so we
74  * request the use the Object Specific Data (OSD) feature from the framework by
75  * setting the HELPER_NEEDS_OSD flag.
76  *
77  * - Our helper is related to the TCP subsystem, so tell the Khelp framework
78  * this by setting an appropriate class for the module. When a new TCP
79  * connection is created, the Khelp framework takes care of associating helper
80  * modules of the appropriate class with the new connection.
81  */
82 struct helper example_helper = {
83 	.h_flags = HELPER_NEEDS_OSD,
84 	.h_classes = HELPER_CLASS_TCP
85 };
86 
87 /*
88  * Set which helper hook points our module wants to hook by creating an array of
89  * hookinfo structs (defined in <sys/hhook.h>). We hook the TCP established
90  * inbound/outbound hook points (TCP hhook points are defined in
91  * <netinet/tcp_var.h>) with our example_hook() function. We don't require a user
92  * data pointer to be passed to our hook function when called, so we set it to
93  * NULL.
94  */
95 struct hookinfo example_hooks[] = {
96 	{
97 		.hook_type = HHOOK_TYPE_TCP,
98 		.hook_id = HHOOK_TCP_EST_IN,
99 		.hook_udata = NULL,
100 		.hook_func = &example_hook
101 	},
102 	{
103 		.hook_type = HHOOK_TYPE_TCP,
104 		.hook_id = HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT,
105 		.hook_udata = NULL,
106 		.hook_func = &example_hook
107 	}
108 };
109 
110 /*
111  * Very simple helper hook function. Here's a quick run through the arguments:
112  *
113  * - hhook_type and hhook_id are useful if you use a single function with many
114  * hook points and want to know which hook point called the function.
115  *
116  * - udata will be NULL, because we didn't elect to pass a pointer in either of
117  * the hookinfo structs we instantiated above in the example_hooks array.
118  *
119  * - ctx_data contains context specific data from the hook point call site. The
120  * data type passed is subsystem dependent. In the case of TCP, the hook points
121  * pass a pointer to a "struct tcp_hhook_data" (defined in <netinet/tcp_var.h>).
122  *
123  * - hdata is a pointer to the persistent per-object storage for our module. The
124  * pointer is allocated automagically by the Khelp framework when the connection
125  * is created, and comes from a dedicated UMA zone. It will never be NULL.
126  *
127  * - hosd can be used with the Khelp framework's khelp_get_osd() function to
128  * access data belonging to a different Khelp module.
129  */
130 static int
131 example_hook(int hhook_type, int hhook_id, void *udata, void *ctx_data,
132     void *hdata, struct osd *hosd)
133 {
134 	struct example *data;
135 
136 	data = hdata;
137 
138 	if (hhook_id == HHOOK_TCP_EST_IN)
139 		data->est_in_count++;
140 	else if (hhook_id == HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT)
141 		data->est_out_count++;
142 
143 	return (0);
144 }
145 
146 /*
147  * We use a convenient macro which handles registering our module with the Khelp
148  * framework. Note that Khelp modules which set the HELPER_NEEDS_OSD flag (i.e.
149  * require persistent per-object storage) must use the KHELP_DECLARE_MOD_UMA()
150  * macro. If you don't require per-object storage, use the KHELP_DECLARE_MOD()
151  * macro instead.
152  */
153 KHELP_DECLARE_MOD_UMA(example, &example_helper, example_hooks, 1,
154     sizeof(struct example), NULL, NULL);
155