xref: /freebsd/share/examples/kld/khelp/h_example.c (revision 389e4940069316fe667ffa263fa7d6390d0a960f)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 The FreeBSD Foundation
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This software was developed at the Centre for Advanced Internet
8  * Architectures, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia by
9  * Lawrence Stewart under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 /*
34  * This example Khelp module uses the helper hook points available in the TCP
35  * stack to calculate a per-connection count of inbound and outbound packets
36  * when the connection is in the established state. The code is verbosely
37  * documented in an attempt to explain how everything fits together.
38  */
39 
40 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
41 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
42 
43 #include <sys/param.h>
44 #include <sys/kernel.h>
45 #include <sys/hhook.h>
46 #include <sys/khelp.h>
47 #include <sys/module.h>
48 #include <sys/module_khelp.h>
49 #include <sys/socket.h>
50 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
51 
52 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
53 
54 #include <vm/uma.h>
55 
56 /*
57  * Function prototype for our helper hook (man 9 hhook) compatible hook
58  * function.
59  */
60 static int example_hook(int hhook_type, int hhook_id, void *udata,
61     void *ctx_data, void *hdata, struct osd *hosd);
62 
63 /*
64  * Our per-connection persistent data storage struct.
65  */
66 struct example {
67 	uint32_t est_in_count;
68 	uint32_t est_out_count;
69 };
70 
71 /*
72  * Fill in the required bits of our module's struct helper (defined in
73  * <sys/module_khelp.h>).
74  *
75  * - Our helper will be storing persistent state for each TCP connection, so we
76  * request the use the Object Specific Data (OSD) feature from the framework by
77  * setting the HELPER_NEEDS_OSD flag.
78  *
79  * - Our helper is related to the TCP subsystem, so tell the Khelp framework
80  * this by setting an appropriate class for the module. When a new TCP
81  * connection is created, the Khelp framework takes care of associating helper
82  * modules of the appropriate class with the new connection.
83  */
84 struct helper example_helper = {
85 	.h_flags = HELPER_NEEDS_OSD,
86 	.h_classes = HELPER_CLASS_TCP
87 };
88 
89 /*
90  * Set which helper hook points our module wants to hook by creating an array of
91  * hookinfo structs (defined in <sys/hhook.h>). We hook the TCP established
92  * inbound/outbound hook points (TCP hhook points are defined in
93  * <netinet/tcp_var.h>) with our example_hook() function. We don't require a user
94  * data pointer to be passed to our hook function when called, so we set it to
95  * NULL.
96  */
97 struct hookinfo example_hooks[] = {
98 	{
99 		.hook_type = HHOOK_TYPE_TCP,
100 		.hook_id = HHOOK_TCP_EST_IN,
101 		.hook_udata = NULL,
102 		.hook_func = &example_hook
103 	},
104 	{
105 		.hook_type = HHOOK_TYPE_TCP,
106 		.hook_id = HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT,
107 		.hook_udata = NULL,
108 		.hook_func = &example_hook
109 	}
110 };
111 
112 /*
113  * Very simple helper hook function. Here's a quick run through the arguments:
114  *
115  * - hhook_type and hhook_id are useful if you use a single function with many
116  * hook points and want to know which hook point called the function.
117  *
118  * - udata will be NULL, because we didn't elect to pass a pointer in either of
119  * the hookinfo structs we instantiated above in the example_hooks array.
120  *
121  * - ctx_data contains context specific data from the hook point call site. The
122  * data type passed is subsystem dependent. In the case of TCP, the hook points
123  * pass a pointer to a "struct tcp_hhook_data" (defined in <netinet/tcp_var.h>).
124  *
125  * - hdata is a pointer to the persistent per-object storage for our module. The
126  * pointer is allocated automagically by the Khelp framework when the connection
127  * is created, and comes from a dedicated UMA zone. It will never be NULL.
128  *
129  * - hosd can be used with the Khelp framework's khelp_get_osd() function to
130  * access data belonging to a different Khelp module.
131  */
132 static int
133 example_hook(int hhook_type, int hhook_id, void *udata, void *ctx_data,
134     void *hdata, struct osd *hosd)
135 {
136 	struct example *data;
137 
138 	data = hdata;
139 
140 	if (hhook_id == HHOOK_TCP_EST_IN)
141 		data->est_in_count++;
142 	else if (hhook_id == HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT)
143 		data->est_out_count++;
144 
145 	return (0);
146 }
147 
148 /*
149  * We use a convenient macro which handles registering our module with the Khelp
150  * framework. Note that Khelp modules which set the HELPER_NEEDS_OSD flag (i.e.
151  * require persistent per-object storage) must use the KHELP_DECLARE_MOD_UMA()
152  * macro. If you don't require per-object storage, use the KHELP_DECLARE_MOD()
153  * macro instead.
154  */
155 KHELP_DECLARE_MOD_UMA(example, &example_helper, example_hooks, 1,
156     sizeof(struct example), NULL, NULL);
157