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Appendix - Special characters
The following table lists the special characters of csh and the \s-2UNIX\s0 system, giving for each the section(s) in which it is discussed. A number of these characters also have special meaning in expressions. See the csh manual section for a complete list.
Syntactic metacharacters ; 2.4 separates commands to be executed sequentially | 1.5 separates commands in a pipeline ( ) 2.2,3.6 brackets expressions and variable values & 2.5 follows commands to be executed without waiting for completion
Filename metacharacters / 1.6 separates components of a file's pathname . 1.6 separates root parts of a file name from extensions ? 1.6 expansion character matching any single character * 1.6 expansion character matching any sequence of characters [ ] 1.6 expansion sequence matching any single character from a set ~ 1.6 used at the beginning of a filename to indicate home directories { } 4.2 used to specify groups of arguments with common parts
Quotation metacharacters \e 1.7 prevents meta-meaning of following single character \' 1.7 prevents meta-meaning of a group of characters " 4.3 like \', but allows variable and command expansion
Input/output metacharacters < 1.5 indicates redirected input > 1.3 indicates redirected output
Expansion/substitution metacharacters $ 3.4 indicates variable substitution ! 2.3 indicates history substitution : 3.6 precedes substitution modifiers ^ 2.3 used in special forms of history substitution \` 4.3 indicates command substitution
Other metacharacters # 1.3,3.6 begins scratch file names; indicates shell comments - 1.2 prefixes option (flag) arguments to commands % 2.6 prefixes job name specifications .bp