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Title "OPENSSL-PKEY 1ossl" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
way too many mistakes in technical documents.
openssl-pkey - public or private key processing command Header "SYNOPSIS" \fBopenssl pkey [-help] [-engine id] [-provider name] [-provider-path path] [-propquery propq] [-check] [-pubcheck] [-in filename|uri] [-inform \s-1DER\s0|\s-1PEM\s0|P12|\s-1ENGINE\s0] [-passin arg] [-pubin] [-out filename] [-outform \s-1DER\s0|\s-1PEM\s0] [-\f(BIcipher] [-passout arg] [-traditional] [-pubout] [-noout] [-text] [-text_pub] [-ec_conv_form arg] [-ec_param_enc arg] Header "DESCRIPTION" This command processes public or private keys. They can be converted between various forms and their components printed. Header "OPTIONS" Subsection "General options" Item "-help" Print out a usage message. Item "-engine id" See \*(L"Engine Options\*(R" in openssl\|(1). This option is deprecated. Item "-provider name"

0

Item "-provider-path path" Item "-propquery propq"

See \*(L"Provider Options\*(R" in openssl\|(1), provider\|(7), and property\|(7).

Item "-check" This option checks the consistency of a key pair for both public and private components. Item "-pubcheck" This option checks the correctness of either a public key or the public component of a key pair. Subsection "Input options" Item "-in filename|uri" This specifies the input to read a key from or standard input if this option is not specified. If the key input is encrypted and -passin is not given a pass phrase will be prompted for. Item "-inform DER|PEM|P12|ENGINE" The key input format; unspecified by default. See openssl-format-options\|(1) for details. Item "-passin arg" The password source for the key input. .Sp For more information about the format of arg see openssl-passphrase-options\|(1). Item "-pubin" By default a private key is read from the input. With this option only the public components are read. Subsection "Output options" Item "-out filename" This specifies the output filename to save the encoded and/or text output of key or standard output if this option is not specified. If any cipher option is set but no -passout is given then a pass phrase will be prompted for. The output filename should not be the same as the input filename. Item "-outform DER|PEM" The key output format; the default is \s-1PEM\s0. See openssl-format-options\|(1) for details. Item "-cipher" Encrypt the \s-1PEM\s0 encoded private key with the supplied cipher. Any algorithm name accepted by EVP_get_cipherbyname() is acceptable such as aes128. Encryption is not supported for \s-1DER\s0 output. Item "-passout arg" The password source for the output file. .Sp For more information about the format of arg see openssl-passphrase-options\|(1). Item "-traditional" Normally a private key is written using standard format: this is PKCS#8 form with the appropriate encryption algorithm (if any). If the -traditional option is specified then the older \*(L"traditional\*(R" format is used instead. Item "-pubout" By default the private and public key is output; this option restricts the output to the public components. This option is automatically set if the input is a public key. .Sp When combined with -text, this is equivalent to -text_pub. Item "-noout" Do not output the key in encoded form. Item "-text" Output the various key components in plain text (possibly in addition to the \s-1PEM\s0 encoded form). This cannot be combined with encoded output in \s-1DER\s0 format. Item "-text_pub" Output in text form only the public key components (also for private keys). This cannot be combined with encoded output in \s-1DER\s0 format. Item "-ec_conv_form arg" This option only applies to elliptic-curve based keys. .Sp This specifies how the points on the elliptic curve are converted into octet strings. Possible values are: compressed (the default value), uncompressed and hybrid. For more information regarding the point conversion forms please read the X9.62 standard. \fBNote Due to patent issues the compressed option is disabled by default for binary curves and can be enabled by defining the preprocessor macro \s-1OPENSSL_EC_BIN_PT_COMP\s0 at compile time. Item "-ec_param_enc arg" This option only applies to elliptic curve based public and private keys. .Sp This specifies how the elliptic curve parameters are encoded. Possible value are: named_curve, i.e. the ec parameters are specified by an \s-1OID,\s0 or explicit where the ec parameters are explicitly given (see \s-1RFC 3279\s0 for the definition of the \s-1EC\s0 parameters structures). The default value is named_curve. \fBNote the implicitlyCA alternative, as specified in \s-1RFC 3279,\s0 is currently not implemented in OpenSSL. Header "EXAMPLES" To remove the pass phrase on a private key:

.Vb 1 openssl pkey -in key.pem -out keyout.pem .Ve

To encrypt a private key using triple \s-1DES:\s0

.Vb 1 openssl pkey -in key.pem -des3 -out keyout.pem .Ve

To convert a private key from \s-1PEM\s0 to \s-1DER\s0 format:

.Vb 1 openssl pkey -in key.pem -outform DER -out keyout.der .Ve

To print out the components of a private key to standard output:

.Vb 1 openssl pkey -in key.pem -text -noout .Ve

To print out the public components of a private key to standard output:

.Vb 1 openssl pkey -in key.pem -text_pub -noout .Ve

To just output the public part of a private key:

.Vb 1 openssl pkey -in key.pem -pubout -out pubkey.pem .Ve

To change the \s-1EC\s0 parameters encoding to explicit:

.Vb 1 openssl pkey -in key.pem -ec_param_enc explicit -out keyout.pem .Ve

To change the \s-1EC\s0 point conversion form to compressed:

.Vb 1 openssl pkey -in key.pem -ec_conv_form compressed -out keyout.pem .Ve

Header "SEE ALSO" \fBopenssl\|(1), \fBopenssl-genpkey\|(1), \fBopenssl-rsa\|(1), \fBopenssl-pkcs8\|(1), \fBopenssl-dsa\|(1), \fBopenssl-genrsa\|(1), \fBopenssl-gendsa\|(1) Header "HISTORY" The -engine option was deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0. Header "COPYRIGHT" Copyright 2006-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the \*(L"License\*(R"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.