xref: /freebsd/sbin/sysctl/sysctl.c (revision e72055b7feba695a760d45f01f0f8268b1cb4a74) 
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)from: sysctl.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
39 #endif
40 static const char rcsid[] =
41   "$FreeBSD$";
42 #endif /* not lint */
43 
44 #include <sys/param.h>
45 #include <sys/time.h>
46 #include <sys/resource.h>
47 #include <sys/stat.h>
48 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
49 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
50 
51 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
52 #include <machine/pc/bios.h>
53 #endif
54 
55 #include <ctype.h>
56 #include <err.h>
57 #include <errno.h>
58 #include <inttypes.h>
59 #include <locale.h>
60 #include <stdio.h>
61 #include <stdlib.h>
62 #include <string.h>
63 #include <sysexits.h>
64 #include <unistd.h>
65 
66 static const char *conffile;
67 
68 static int	aflag, bflag, dflag, eflag, hflag, iflag;
69 static int	Nflag, nflag, oflag, qflag, Tflag, Wflag, xflag;
70 
71 static int	oidfmt(int *, int, char *, u_int *);
72 static int	parsefile(const char *);
73 static int	parse(const char *, int);
74 static int	show_var(int *, int);
75 static int	sysctl_all(int *oid, int len);
76 static int	name2oid(char *, int *);
77 
78 static int	set_IK(const char *, int *);
79 
80 static void
81 usage(void)
82 {
83 
84 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
85 	    "usage: sysctl [-bdehiNnoqTWx] [-f filename] name[=value] ...",
86 	    "       sysctl [-bdehNnoqTWx] -a");
87 	exit(1);
88 }
89 
90 int
91 main(int argc, char **argv)
92 {
93 	int ch;
94 	int warncount = 0;
95 
96 	setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");
97 	setbuf(stdout,0);
98 	setbuf(stderr,0);
99 
100 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Aabdef:hiNnoqTwWxX")) != -1) {
101 		switch (ch) {
102 		case 'A':
103 			/* compatibility */
104 			aflag = oflag = 1;
105 			break;
106 		case 'a':
107 			aflag = 1;
108 			break;
109 		case 'b':
110 			bflag = 1;
111 			break;
112 		case 'd':
113 			dflag = 1;
114 			break;
115 		case 'e':
116 			eflag = 1;
117 			break;
118 		case 'f':
119 			conffile = optarg;
120 			break;
121 		case 'h':
122 			hflag = 1;
123 			break;
124 		case 'i':
125 			iflag = 1;
126 			break;
127 		case 'N':
128 			Nflag = 1;
129 			break;
130 		case 'n':
131 			nflag = 1;
132 			break;
133 		case 'o':
134 			oflag = 1;
135 			break;
136 		case 'q':
137 			qflag = 1;
138 			break;
139 		case 'T':
140 			Tflag = 1;
141 			break;
142 		case 'w':
143 			/* compatibility */
144 			/* ignored */
145 			break;
146 		case 'W':
147 			Wflag = 1;
148 			break;
149 		case 'X':
150 			/* compatibility */
151 			aflag = xflag = 1;
152 			break;
153 		case 'x':
154 			xflag = 1;
155 			break;
156 		default:
157 			usage();
158 		}
159 	}
160 	argc -= optind;
161 	argv += optind;
162 
163 	if (Nflag && nflag)
164 		usage();
165 	if (aflag && argc == 0)
166 		exit(sysctl_all(0, 0));
167 	if (argc == 0 && conffile == NULL)
168 		usage();
169 
170 	warncount = 0;
171 	if (conffile != NULL)
172 		warncount += parsefile(conffile);
173 
174 	while (argc-- > 0)
175 		warncount += parse(*argv++, 0);
176 
177 	return (warncount);
178 }
179 
180 /*
181  * Parse a name into a MIB entry.
182  * Lookup and print out the MIB entry if it exists.
183  * Set a new value if requested.
184  */
185 static int
186 parse(const char *string, int lineno)
187 {
188 	int len, i, j;
189 	void *newval = 0;
190 	int intval;
191 	unsigned int uintval;
192 	long longval;
193 	unsigned long ulongval;
194 	size_t newsize = 0;
195 	int64_t i64val;
196 	uint64_t u64val;
197 	int mib[CTL_MAXNAME];
198 	char *cp, *bufp, buf[BUFSIZ], *endptr, fmt[BUFSIZ], line[BUFSIZ];
199 	u_int kind;
200 
201 	if (lineno)
202 		snprintf(line, sizeof(line), " at line %d", lineno);
203 	else
204 		line[0] = '\0';
205 
206 	cp = buf;
207 	if (snprintf(buf, BUFSIZ, "%s", string) >= BUFSIZ) {
208 		warnx("oid too long: '%s'%s", string, line);
209 		return (1);
210 	}
211 	bufp = strsep(&cp, "=:");
212 	if (cp != NULL) {
213 		/* Tflag just lists tunables, do not allow assignment */
214 		if (Tflag || Wflag) {
215 			warnx("Can't set variables when using -T or -W");
216 			usage();
217 		}
218 		while (isspace(*cp))
219 			cp++;
220 		/* Strip a pair of " or ' if any. */
221 		switch (*cp) {
222 		case '\"':
223 		case '\'':
224 			if (cp[strlen(cp) - 1] == *cp)
225 				cp[strlen(cp) - 1] = '\0';
226 			cp++;
227 		}
228 		newval = cp;
229 		newsize = strlen(cp);
230 	}
231 	len = name2oid(bufp, mib);
232 
233 	if (len < 0) {
234 		if (iflag)
235 			return (0);
236 		if (qflag)
237 			return (1);
238 		else {
239 			warn("unknown oid '%s'%s", bufp, line);
240 			return (1);
241 		}
242 	}
243 
244 	if (oidfmt(mib, len, fmt, &kind)) {
245 		warn("couldn't find format of oid '%s'%s", bufp, line);
246 		if (iflag)
247 			return (1);
248 		else
249 			exit(1);
250 	}
251 
252 	if (newval == NULL || dflag) {
253 		if ((kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_NODE) {
254 			if (dflag) {
255 				i = show_var(mib, len);
256 				if (!i && !bflag)
257 					putchar('\n');
258 			}
259 			sysctl_all(mib, len);
260 		} else {
261 			i = show_var(mib, len);
262 			if (!i && !bflag)
263 				putchar('\n');
264 		}
265 	} else {
266 		if ((kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_NODE) {
267 			warnx("oid '%s' isn't a leaf node%s", bufp, line);
268 			return (1);
269 		}
270 
271 		if (!(kind & CTLFLAG_WR)) {
272 			if (kind & CTLFLAG_TUN) {
273 				warnx("oid '%s' is a read only tunable%s", bufp, line);
274 				warnx("Tunable values are set in /boot/loader.conf");
275 			} else
276 				warnx("oid '%s' is read only%s", bufp, line);
277 			return (1);
278 		}
279 
280 		if ((kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_INT ||
281 		    (kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_UINT ||
282 		    (kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_LONG ||
283 		    (kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_ULONG ||
284 		    (kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_S64 ||
285 		    (kind & CTLTYPE) == CTLTYPE_U64) {
286 			if (strlen(newval) == 0) {
287 				warnx("empty numeric value");
288 				return (1);
289 			}
290 		}
291 
292 		switch (kind & CTLTYPE) {
293 			case CTLTYPE_INT:
294 				if (strcmp(fmt, "IK") == 0) {
295 					if (!set_IK(newval, &intval)) {
296 						warnx("invalid value '%s'%s",
297 						    (char *)newval, line);
298 						return (1);
299 					}
300  				} else {
301 					intval = (int)strtol(newval, &endptr,
302 					    0);
303 					if (endptr == newval || *endptr != '\0') {
304 						warnx("invalid integer '%s'%s",
305 						    (char *)newval, line);
306 						return (1);
307 					}
308 				}
309 				newval = &intval;
310 				newsize = sizeof(intval);
311 				break;
312 			case CTLTYPE_UINT:
313 				uintval = (int) strtoul(newval, &endptr, 0);
314 				if (endptr == newval || *endptr != '\0') {
315 					warnx("invalid unsigned integer '%s'%s",
316 					    (char *)newval, line);
317 					return (1);
318 				}
319 				newval = &uintval;
320 				newsize = sizeof(uintval);
321 				break;
322 			case CTLTYPE_LONG:
323 				longval = strtol(newval, &endptr, 0);
324 				if (endptr == newval || *endptr != '\0') {
325 					warnx("invalid long integer '%s'%s",
326 					    (char *)newval, line);
327 					return (1);
328 				}
329 				newval = &longval;
330 				newsize = sizeof(longval);
331 				break;
332 			case CTLTYPE_ULONG:
333 				ulongval = strtoul(newval, &endptr, 0);
334 				if (endptr == newval || *endptr != '\0') {
335 					warnx("invalid unsigned long integer"
336 					    " '%s'%s", (char *)newval, line);
337 					return (1);
338 				}
339 				newval = &ulongval;
340 				newsize = sizeof(ulongval);
341 				break;
342 			case CTLTYPE_STRING:
343 				break;
344 			case CTLTYPE_S64:
345 				i64val = strtoimax(newval, &endptr, 0);
346 				if (endptr == newval || *endptr != '\0') {
347 					warnx("invalid int64_t '%s'%s",
348 					    (char *)newval, line);
349 					return (1);
350 				}
351 				newval = &i64val;
352 				newsize = sizeof(i64val);
353 				break;
354 			case CTLTYPE_U64:
355 				u64val = strtoumax(newval, &endptr, 0);
356 				if (endptr == newval || *endptr != '\0') {
357 					warnx("invalid uint64_t '%s'%s",
358 					    (char *)newval, line);
359 					return (1);
360 				}
361 				newval = &u64val;
362 				newsize = sizeof(u64val);
363 				break;
364 			case CTLTYPE_OPAQUE:
365 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
366 			default:
367 				warnx("oid '%s' is type %d,"
368 					" cannot set that%s", bufp,
369 					kind & CTLTYPE, line);
370 				return (1);
371 		}
372 
373 		i = show_var(mib, len);
374 		if (sysctl(mib, len, 0, 0, newval, newsize) == -1) {
375 			if (!i && !bflag)
376 				putchar('\n');
377 			switch (errno) {
378 			case EOPNOTSUPP:
379 				warnx("%s: value is not available%s",
380 					string, line);
381 				return (1);
382 			case ENOTDIR:
383 				warnx("%s: specification is incomplete%s",
384 					string, line);
385 				return (1);
386 			case ENOMEM:
387 				warnx("%s: type is unknown to this program%s",
388 					string, line);
389 				return (1);
390 			default:
391 				warn("%s%s", string, line);
392 				return (1);
393 			}
394 		}
395 		if (!bflag)
396 			printf(" -> ");
397 		i = nflag;
398 		nflag = 1;
399 		j = show_var(mib, len);
400 		if (!j && !bflag)
401 			putchar('\n');
402 		nflag = i;
403 	}
404 
405 	return (0);
406 }
407 
408 static int
409 parsefile(const char *filename)
410 {
411 	FILE *file;
412 	char line[BUFSIZ], *p, *pq, *pdq;
413 	int warncount = 0, lineno = 0;
414 
415 	file = fopen(filename, "r");
416 	if (file == NULL)
417 		err(EX_NOINPUT, "%s", filename);
418 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), file) != NULL) {
419 		lineno++;
420 		p = line;
421 		pq = strchr(line, '\'');
422 		pdq = strchr(line, '\"');
423 		/* Replace the first # with \0. */
424 		while((p = strchr(p, '#')) != NULL) {
425 			if (pq != NULL && p > pq) {
426 				if ((p = strchr(pq+1, '\'')) != NULL)
427 					*(++p) = '\0';
428 				break;
429 			} else if (pdq != NULL && p > pdq) {
430 				if ((p = strchr(pdq+1, '\"')) != NULL)
431 					*(++p) = '\0';
432 				break;
433 			} else if (p == line || *(p-1) != '\\') {
434 				*p = '\0';
435 				break;
436 			}
437 			p++;
438 		}
439 		/* Trim spaces */
440 		p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
441 		while (p >= line && isspace((int)*p)) {
442 			*p = '\0';
443 			p--;
444 		}
445 		p = line;
446 		while (isspace((int)*p))
447 			p++;
448 		if (*p == '\0')
449 			continue;
450 		else
451 			warncount += parse(p, lineno);
452 	}
453 	fclose(file);
454 
455 	return (warncount);
456 }
457 
458 /* These functions will dump out various interesting structures. */
459 
460 static int
461 S_clockinfo(size_t l2, void *p)
462 {
463 	struct clockinfo *ci = (struct clockinfo*)p;
464 
465 	if (l2 != sizeof(*ci)) {
466 		warnx("S_clockinfo %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*ci));
467 		return (1);
468 	}
469 	printf(hflag ? "{ hz = %'d, tick = %'d, profhz = %'d, stathz = %'d }" :
470 		"{ hz = %d, tick = %d, profhz = %d, stathz = %d }",
471 		ci->hz, ci->tick, ci->profhz, ci->stathz);
472 	return (0);
473 }
474 
475 static int
476 S_loadavg(size_t l2, void *p)
477 {
478 	struct loadavg *tv = (struct loadavg*)p;
479 
480 	if (l2 != sizeof(*tv)) {
481 		warnx("S_loadavg %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*tv));
482 		return (1);
483 	}
484 	printf(hflag ? "{ %'.2f %'.2f %'.2f }" : "{ %.2f %.2f %.2f }",
485 		(double)tv->ldavg[0]/(double)tv->fscale,
486 		(double)tv->ldavg[1]/(double)tv->fscale,
487 		(double)tv->ldavg[2]/(double)tv->fscale);
488 	return (0);
489 }
490 
491 static int
492 S_timeval(size_t l2, void *p)
493 {
494 	struct timeval *tv = (struct timeval*)p;
495 	time_t tv_sec;
496 	char *p1, *p2;
497 
498 	if (l2 != sizeof(*tv)) {
499 		warnx("S_timeval %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*tv));
500 		return (1);
501 	}
502 	printf(hflag ? "{ sec = %'jd, usec = %'ld } " :
503 		"{ sec = %jd, usec = %ld } ",
504 		(intmax_t)tv->tv_sec, tv->tv_usec);
505 	tv_sec = tv->tv_sec;
506 	p1 = strdup(ctime(&tv_sec));
507 	for (p2=p1; *p2 ; p2++)
508 		if (*p2 == '\n')
509 			*p2 = '\0';
510 	fputs(p1, stdout);
511 	free(p1);
512 	return (0);
513 }
514 
515 static int
516 S_vmtotal(size_t l2, void *p)
517 {
518 	struct vmtotal *v = (struct vmtotal *)p;
519 	int pageKilo = getpagesize() / 1024;
520 
521 	if (l2 != sizeof(*v)) {
522 		warnx("S_vmtotal %zu != %zu", l2, sizeof(*v));
523 		return (1);
524 	}
525 
526 	printf(
527 	    "\nSystem wide totals computed every five seconds:"
528 	    " (values in kilobytes)\n");
529 	printf("===============================================\n");
530 	printf(
531 	    "Processes:\t\t(RUNQ: %hd Disk Wait: %hd Page Wait: "
532 	    "%hd Sleep: %hd)\n",
533 	    v->t_rq, v->t_dw, v->t_pw, v->t_sl);
534 	printf(
535 	    "Virtual Memory:\t\t(Total: %dK Active: %dK)\n",
536 	    v->t_vm * pageKilo, v->t_avm * pageKilo);
537 	printf("Real Memory:\t\t(Total: %dK Active: %dK)\n",
538 	    v->t_rm * pageKilo, v->t_arm * pageKilo);
539 	printf("Shared Virtual Memory:\t(Total: %dK Active: %dK)\n",
540 	    v->t_vmshr * pageKilo, v->t_avmshr * pageKilo);
541 	printf("Shared Real Memory:\t(Total: %dK Active: %dK)\n",
542 	    v->t_rmshr * pageKilo, v->t_armshr * pageKilo);
543 	printf("Free Memory:\t%dK", v->t_free * pageKilo);
544 
545 	return (0);
546 }
547 
548 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
549 static int
550 S_bios_smap_xattr(size_t l2, void *p)
551 {
552 	struct bios_smap_xattr *smap, *end;
553 
554 	if (l2 % sizeof(*smap) != 0) {
555 		warnx("S_bios_smap_xattr %zu is not a multiple of %zu", l2,
556 		    sizeof(*smap));
557 		return (1);
558 	}
559 
560 	end = (struct bios_smap_xattr *)((char *)p + l2);
561 	for (smap = p; smap < end; smap++)
562 		printf("\nSMAP type=%02x, xattr=%02x, base=%016jx, len=%016jx",
563 		    smap->type, smap->xattr, (uintmax_t)smap->base,
564 		    (uintmax_t)smap->length);
565 	return (0);
566 }
567 #endif
568 
569 static int
570 set_IK(const char *str, int *val)
571 {
572 	float temp;
573 	int len, kelv;
574 	const char *p;
575 	char *endptr;
576 
577 	if ((len = strlen(str)) == 0)
578 		return (0);
579 	p = &str[len - 1];
580 	if (*p == 'C' || *p == 'F') {
581 		temp = strtof(str, &endptr);
582 		if (endptr == str || endptr != p)
583 			return (0);
584 		if (*p == 'F')
585 			temp = (temp - 32) * 5 / 9;
586 		kelv = temp * 10 + 2732;
587 	} else {
588 		kelv = (int)strtol(str, &endptr, 10);
589 		if (endptr == str || *endptr != '\0')
590 			return (0);
591 	}
592 	*val = kelv;
593 	return (1);
594 }
595 
596 /*
597  * These functions uses a presently undocumented interface to the kernel
598  * to walk the tree and get the type so it can print the value.
599  * This interface is under work and consideration, and should probably
600  * be killed with a big axe by the first person who can find the time.
601  * (be aware though, that the proper interface isn't as obvious as it
602  * may seem, there are various conflicting requirements.
603  */
604 
605 static int
606 name2oid(char *name, int *oidp)
607 {
608 	int oid[2];
609 	int i;
610 	size_t j;
611 
612 	oid[0] = 0;
613 	oid[1] = 3;
614 
615 	j = CTL_MAXNAME * sizeof(int);
616 	i = sysctl(oid, 2, oidp, &j, name, strlen(name));
617 	if (i < 0)
618 		return (i);
619 	j /= sizeof(int);
620 	return (j);
621 }
622 
623 static int
624 oidfmt(int *oid, int len, char *fmt, u_int *kind)
625 {
626 	int qoid[CTL_MAXNAME+2];
627 	u_char buf[BUFSIZ];
628 	int i;
629 	size_t j;
630 
631 	qoid[0] = 0;
632 	qoid[1] = 4;
633 	memcpy(qoid + 2, oid, len * sizeof(int));
634 
635 	j = sizeof(buf);
636 	i = sysctl(qoid, len + 2, buf, &j, 0, 0);
637 	if (i)
638 		err(1, "sysctl fmt %d %zu %d", i, j, errno);
639 
640 	if (kind)
641 		*kind = *(u_int *)buf;
642 
643 	if (fmt)
644 		strcpy(fmt, (char *)(buf + sizeof(u_int)));
645 	return (0);
646 }
647 
648 static int ctl_sign[CTLTYPE+1] = {
649 	[CTLTYPE_INT] = 1,
650 	[CTLTYPE_LONG] = 1,
651 	[CTLTYPE_S64] = 1,
652 };
653 
654 static int ctl_size[CTLTYPE+1] = {
655 	[CTLTYPE_INT] = sizeof(int),
656 	[CTLTYPE_UINT] = sizeof(u_int),
657 	[CTLTYPE_LONG] = sizeof(long),
658 	[CTLTYPE_ULONG] = sizeof(u_long),
659 	[CTLTYPE_S64] = sizeof(int64_t),
660 	[CTLTYPE_U64] = sizeof(int64_t),
661 };
662 
663 /*
664  * This formats and outputs the value of one variable
665  *
666  * Returns zero if anything was actually output.
667  * Returns one if didn't know what to do with this.
668  * Return minus one if we had errors.
669  */
670 static int
671 show_var(int *oid, int nlen)
672 {
673 	u_char buf[BUFSIZ], *val, *oval, *p;
674 	char name[BUFSIZ], fmt[BUFSIZ];
675 	const char *sep, *sep1;
676 	int qoid[CTL_MAXNAME+2];
677 	uintmax_t umv;
678 	intmax_t mv;
679 	int i, hexlen, sign, ctltype;
680 	size_t intlen;
681 	size_t j, len;
682 	u_int kind;
683 	int (*func)(size_t, void *);
684 
685 	/* Silence GCC. */
686 	umv = mv = intlen = 0;
687 
688 	bzero(buf, BUFSIZ);
689 	bzero(fmt, BUFSIZ);
690 	bzero(name, BUFSIZ);
691 	qoid[0] = 0;
692 	memcpy(qoid + 2, oid, nlen * sizeof(int));
693 
694 	qoid[1] = 1;
695 	j = sizeof(name);
696 	i = sysctl(qoid, nlen + 2, name, &j, 0, 0);
697 	if (i || !j)
698 		err(1, "sysctl name %d %zu %d", i, j, errno);
699 
700 	oidfmt(oid, nlen, fmt, &kind);
701 	/* if Wflag then only list sysctls that are writeable and not stats. */
702 	if (Wflag && ((kind & CTLFLAG_WR) == 0 || (kind & CTLFLAG_STATS) != 0))
703 		return 1;
704 
705 	/* if Tflag then only list sysctls that are tuneables. */
706 	if (Tflag && (kind & CTLFLAG_TUN) == 0)
707 		return 1;
708 
709 	if (Nflag) {
710 		printf("%s", name);
711 		return (0);
712 	}
713 
714 	if (eflag)
715 		sep = "=";
716 	else
717 		sep = ": ";
718 
719 	if (dflag) {	/* just print description */
720 		qoid[1] = 5;
721 		j = sizeof(buf);
722 		i = sysctl(qoid, nlen + 2, buf, &j, 0, 0);
723 		if (!nflag)
724 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
725 		printf("%s", buf);
726 		return (0);
727 	}
728 	/* find an estimate of how much we need for this var */
729 	j = 0;
730 	i = sysctl(oid, nlen, 0, &j, 0, 0);
731 	j += j; /* we want to be sure :-) */
732 
733 	val = oval = malloc(j + 1);
734 	if (val == NULL) {
735 		warnx("malloc failed");
736 		return (1);
737 	}
738 	ctltype = (kind & CTLTYPE);
739 	len = j;
740 	i = sysctl(oid, nlen, val, &len, 0, 0);
741 	if (i != 0 || (len == 0 && ctltype != CTLTYPE_STRING)) {
742 		free(oval);
743 		return (1);
744 	}
745 
746 	if (bflag) {
747 		fwrite(val, 1, len, stdout);
748 		free(oval);
749 		return (0);
750 	}
751 	val[len] = '\0';
752 	p = val;
753 	sign = ctl_sign[ctltype];
754 	intlen = ctl_size[ctltype];
755 
756 	switch (ctltype) {
757 	case CTLTYPE_STRING:
758 		if (!nflag)
759 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
760 		printf("%.*s", (int)len, p);
761 		free(oval);
762 		return (0);
763 
764 	case CTLTYPE_INT:
765 	case CTLTYPE_UINT:
766 	case CTLTYPE_LONG:
767 	case CTLTYPE_ULONG:
768 	case CTLTYPE_S64:
769 	case CTLTYPE_U64:
770 		if (!nflag)
771 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
772 		hexlen = 2 + (intlen * CHAR_BIT + 3) / 4;
773 		sep1 = "";
774 		while (len >= intlen) {
775 			switch (kind & CTLTYPE) {
776 			case CTLTYPE_INT:
777 			case CTLTYPE_UINT:
778 				umv = *(u_int *)p;
779 				mv = *(int *)p;
780 				break;
781 			case CTLTYPE_LONG:
782 			case CTLTYPE_ULONG:
783 				umv = *(u_long *)p;
784 				mv = *(long *)p;
785 				break;
786 			case CTLTYPE_S64:
787 			case CTLTYPE_U64:
788 				umv = *(uint64_t *)p;
789 				mv = *(int64_t *)p;
790 				break;
791 			}
792 			fputs(sep1, stdout);
793 			if (xflag)
794 				printf("%#0*jx", hexlen, umv);
795 			else if (!sign)
796 				printf(hflag ? "%'ju" : "%ju", umv);
797 			else if (fmt[1] == 'K') {
798 				if (mv < 0)
799 					printf("%jd", mv);
800 				else
801 					printf("%.1fC", (mv - 2732.0) / 10);
802 			} else
803 				printf(hflag ? "%'jd" : "%jd", mv);
804 			sep1 = " ";
805 			len -= intlen;
806 			p += intlen;
807 		}
808 		free(oval);
809 		return (0);
810 
811 	case CTLTYPE_OPAQUE:
812 		i = 0;
813 		if (strcmp(fmt, "S,clockinfo") == 0)
814 			func = S_clockinfo;
815 		else if (strcmp(fmt, "S,timeval") == 0)
816 			func = S_timeval;
817 		else if (strcmp(fmt, "S,loadavg") == 0)
818 			func = S_loadavg;
819 		else if (strcmp(fmt, "S,vmtotal") == 0)
820 			func = S_vmtotal;
821 #if defined(__amd64__) || defined(__i386__)
822 		else if (strcmp(fmt, "S,bios_smap_xattr") == 0)
823 			func = S_bios_smap_xattr;
824 #endif
825 		else
826 			func = NULL;
827 		if (func) {
828 			if (!nflag)
829 				printf("%s%s", name, sep);
830 			i = (*func)(len, p);
831 			free(oval);
832 			return (i);
833 		}
834 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
835 	default:
836 		if (!oflag && !xflag) {
837 			free(oval);
838 			return (1);
839 		}
840 		if (!nflag)
841 			printf("%s%s", name, sep);
842 		printf("Format:%s Length:%zu Dump:0x", fmt, len);
843 		while (len-- && (xflag || p < val + 16))
844 			printf("%02x", *p++);
845 		if (!xflag && len > 16)
846 			printf("...");
847 		free(oval);
848 		return (0);
849 	}
850 	free(oval);
851 	return (1);
852 }
853 
854 static int
855 sysctl_all(int *oid, int len)
856 {
857 	int name1[22], name2[22];
858 	int i, j;
859 	size_t l1, l2;
860 
861 	name1[0] = 0;
862 	name1[1] = 2;
863 	l1 = 2;
864 	if (len) {
865 		memcpy(name1+2, oid, len * sizeof(int));
866 		l1 += len;
867 	} else {
868 		name1[2] = 1;
869 		l1++;
870 	}
871 	for (;;) {
872 		l2 = sizeof(name2);
873 		j = sysctl(name1, l1, name2, &l2, 0, 0);
874 		if (j < 0) {
875 			if (errno == ENOENT)
876 				return (0);
877 			else
878 				err(1, "sysctl(getnext) %d %zu", j, l2);
879 		}
880 
881 		l2 /= sizeof(int);
882 
883 		if (len < 0 || l2 < (unsigned int)len)
884 			return (0);
885 
886 		for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
887 			if (name2[i] != oid[i])
888 				return (0);
889 
890 		i = show_var(name2, l2);
891 		if (!i && !bflag)
892 			putchar('\n');
893 
894 		memcpy(name1+2, name2, l2 * sizeof(int));
895 		l1 = 2 + l2;
896 	}
897 }
898