xref: /freebsd/sbin/routed/rdisc.c (revision cacdd70cc751fb68dec4b86c5e5b8c969b6e26ef)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1995
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * $FreeBSD$
30  */
31 
32 #include "defs.h"
33 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
34 #include <netinet/ip.h>
35 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
36 
37 #ifdef __NetBSD__
38 __RCSID("$NetBSD$");
39 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
40 __RCSID("$FreeBSD$");
41 #else
42 __RCSID("$Revision: 2.27 $");
43 #ident "$Revision: 2.27 $"
44 #endif
45 
46 /* router advertisement ICMP packet */
47 struct icmp_ad {
48 	u_int8_t    icmp_type;		/* type of message */
49 	u_int8_t    icmp_code;		/* type sub code */
50 	u_int16_t   icmp_cksum;		/* ones complement cksum of struct */
51 	u_int8_t    icmp_ad_num;	/* # of following router addresses */
52 	u_int8_t    icmp_ad_asize;	/* 2--words in each advertisement */
53 	u_int16_t   icmp_ad_life;	/* seconds of validity */
54 	struct icmp_ad_info {
55 	    n_long  icmp_ad_addr;
56 	    n_long  icmp_ad_pref;
57 	} icmp_ad_info[1];
58 };
59 
60 /* router solicitation ICMP packet */
61 struct icmp_so {
62 	u_int8_t    icmp_type;		/* type of message */
63 	u_int8_t    icmp_code;		/* type sub code */
64 	u_int16_t   icmp_cksum;		/* ones complement cksum of struct */
65 	n_long	    icmp_so_rsvd;
66 };
67 
68 union ad_u {
69 	struct icmp icmp;
70 	struct icmp_ad ad;
71 	struct icmp_so so;
72 };
73 
74 
75 int	rdisc_sock = -1;		/* router-discovery raw socket */
76 struct interface *rdisc_sock_mcast;	/* current multicast interface */
77 
78 struct timeval rdisc_timer;
79 int rdisc_ok;				/* using solicited route */
80 
81 
82 #define MAX_ADS 16			/* at least one per interface */
83 struct dr {				/* accumulated advertisements */
84     struct interface *dr_ifp;
85     naddr   dr_gate;			/* gateway */
86     time_t  dr_ts;			/* when received */
87     time_t  dr_life;			/* lifetime in host byte order */
88     n_long  dr_recv_pref;		/* received but biased preference */
89     n_long  dr_pref;			/* preference adjusted by metric */
90 } *cur_drp, drs[MAX_ADS];
91 
92 /* convert between signed, balanced around zero,
93  * and unsigned zero-based preferences */
94 #define SIGN_PREF(p) ((p) ^ MIN_PreferenceLevel)
95 #define UNSIGN_PREF(p) SIGN_PREF(p)
96 /* adjust unsigned preference by interface metric,
97  * without driving it to infinity */
98 #define PREF(p, ifp) ((int)(p) <= ((ifp)->int_metric+(ifp)->int_adj_outmetric)\
99 		      ? ((p) != 0 ? 1 : 0)				    \
100 		      : (p) - ((ifp)->int_metric+(ifp)->int_adj_outmetric))
101 
102 static void rdisc_sort(void);
103 
104 
105 /* dump an ICMP Router Discovery Advertisement Message
106  */
107 static void
108 trace_rdisc(const char	*act,
109 	    naddr	from,
110 	    naddr	to,
111 	    struct interface *ifp,
112 	    union ad_u	*p,
113 	    u_int	len)
114 {
115 	int i;
116 	n_long *wp, *lim;
117 
118 
119 	if (!TRACEPACKETS || ftrace == 0)
120 		return;
121 
122 	lastlog();
123 
124 	if (p->icmp.icmp_type == ICMP_ROUTERADVERT) {
125 		(void)fprintf(ftrace, "%s Router Ad"
126 			      " from %s to %s via %s life=%d\n",
127 			      act, naddr_ntoa(from), naddr_ntoa(to),
128 			      ifp ? ifp->int_name : "?",
129 			      ntohs(p->ad.icmp_ad_life));
130 		if (!TRACECONTENTS)
131 			return;
132 
133 		wp = &p->ad.icmp_ad_info[0].icmp_ad_addr;
134 		lim = &wp[(len - sizeof(p->ad)) / sizeof(*wp)];
135 		for (i = 0; i < p->ad.icmp_ad_num && wp <= lim; i++) {
136 			(void)fprintf(ftrace, "\t%s preference=%d",
137 				      naddr_ntoa(wp[0]), (int)ntohl(wp[1]));
138 			wp += p->ad.icmp_ad_asize;
139 		}
140 		(void)fputc('\n',ftrace);
141 
142 	} else {
143 		trace_act("%s Router Solic. from %s to %s via %s value=%#x",
144 			  act, naddr_ntoa(from), naddr_ntoa(to),
145 			  ifp ? ifp->int_name : "?",
146 			  (int)ntohl(p->so.icmp_so_rsvd));
147 	}
148 }
149 
150 /* prepare Router Discovery socket.
151  */
152 static void
153 get_rdisc_sock(void)
154 {
155 	if (rdisc_sock < 0) {
156 		rdisc_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
157 		if (rdisc_sock < 0)
158 			BADERR(1,"rdisc_sock = socket()");
159 		fix_sock(rdisc_sock,"rdisc_sock");
160 		fix_select();
161 	}
162 }
163 
164 
165 /* Pick multicast group for router-discovery socket
166  */
167 void
168 set_rdisc_mg(struct interface *ifp,
169 	     int on)			/* 0=turn it off */
170 {
171 	struct group_req gr;
172 	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
173 
174 	if (rdisc_sock < 0) {
175 		/* Create the raw socket so that we can hear at least
176 		 * broadcast router discovery packets.
177 		 */
178 		if ((ifp->int_state & IS_NO_RDISC) == IS_NO_RDISC
179 		    || !on)
180 			return;
181 		get_rdisc_sock();
182 	}
183 
184 	if (!(ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_MULTICAST)) {
185 		ifp->int_state &= ~(IS_ALL_HOSTS | IS_ALL_ROUTERS);
186 		return;
187 	}
188 
189 	memset(&gr, 0, sizeof(gr));
190 	gr.gr_interface = ifp->int_index;
191 	sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&gr.gr_group;
192 	sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
193 #ifdef _HAVE_SIN_LEN
194 	sin->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
195 #endif
196 
197 	if (supplier
198 	    || (ifp->int_state & IS_NO_ADV_IN)
199 	    || !on) {
200 		/* stop listening to advertisements
201 		 */
202 		if (ifp->int_state & IS_ALL_HOSTS) {
203 			sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP);
204 			if (setsockopt(rdisc_sock, IPPROTO_IP,
205 				       MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP,
206 				       &gr, sizeof(gr)) < 0)
207 				LOGERR("MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP ALLHOSTS");
208 			ifp->int_state &= ~IS_ALL_HOSTS;
209 		}
210 
211 	} else if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_ALL_HOSTS)) {
212 		/* start listening to advertisements
213 		 */
214 		sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP);
215 		if (setsockopt(rdisc_sock, IPPROTO_IP, MCAST_JOIN_GROUP,
216 			       &gr, sizeof(gr)) < 0) {
217 			LOGERR("MCAST_JOIN_GROUP ALLHOSTS");
218 		} else {
219 			ifp->int_state |= IS_ALL_HOSTS;
220 		}
221 	}
222 
223 	if (!supplier
224 	    || (ifp->int_state & IS_NO_ADV_OUT)
225 	    || !on) {
226 		/* stop listening to solicitations
227 		 */
228 		if (ifp->int_state & IS_ALL_ROUTERS) {
229 			sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ALLROUTERS_GROUP);
230 			if (setsockopt(rdisc_sock, IPPROTO_IP,
231 				       MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP,
232 				       &gr, sizeof(gr)) < 0)
233 				LOGERR("MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP ALLROUTERS");
234 			ifp->int_state &= ~IS_ALL_ROUTERS;
235 		}
236 
237 	} else if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_ALL_ROUTERS)) {
238 		/* start hearing solicitations
239 		 */
240 		sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ALLROUTERS_GROUP);
241 		if (setsockopt(rdisc_sock, IPPROTO_IP, MCAST_JOIN_GROUP,
242 			       &gr, sizeof(gr)) < 0) {
243 			LOGERR("MCAST_JOIN_GROUP ALLROUTERS");
244 		} else {
245 			ifp->int_state |= IS_ALL_ROUTERS;
246 		}
247 	}
248 }
249 
250 
251 /* start supplying routes
252  */
253 void
254 set_supplier(void)
255 {
256 	struct interface *ifp;
257 	struct dr *drp;
258 
259 	if (supplier_set)
260 		return;
261 
262 	trace_act("start supplying routes");
263 
264 	/* Forget discovered routes.
265 	 */
266 	for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
267 		drp->dr_recv_pref = 0;
268 		drp->dr_life = 0;
269 	}
270 	rdisc_age(0);
271 
272 	supplier_set = 1;
273 	supplier = 1;
274 
275 	/* Do not start advertising until we have heard some RIP routes */
276 	LIM_SEC(rdisc_timer, now.tv_sec+MIN_WAITTIME);
277 
278 	/* Switch router discovery multicast groups from soliciting
279 	 * to advertising.
280 	 */
281 	for (ifp = ifnet; ifp; ifp = ifp->int_next) {
282 		if (ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE)
283 			continue;
284 		ifp->int_rdisc_cnt = 0;
285 		ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_usec = rdisc_timer.tv_usec;
286 		ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec = now.tv_sec+MIN_WAITTIME;
287 		set_rdisc_mg(ifp, 1);
288 	}
289 
290 	/* get rid of any redirects */
291 	del_redirects(0,0);
292 }
293 
294 
295 /* age discovered routes and find the best one
296  */
297 void
298 rdisc_age(naddr bad_gate)
299 {
300 	time_t sec;
301 	struct dr *drp;
302 
303 
304 	/* If only advertising, then do only that. */
305 	if (supplier) {
306 		/* If switching from client to server, get rid of old
307 		 * default routes.
308 		 */
309 		if (cur_drp != 0)
310 			rdisc_sort();
311 		rdisc_adv();
312 		return;
313 	}
314 
315 	/* If we are being told about a bad router,
316 	 * then age the discovered default route, and if there is
317 	 * no alternative, solicit a replacement.
318 	 */
319 	if (bad_gate != 0) {
320 		/* Look for the bad discovered default route.
321 		 * Age it and note its interface.
322 		 */
323 		for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
324 			if (drp->dr_ts == 0)
325 				continue;
326 
327 			/* When we find the bad router, then age the route
328 			 * to at most SUPPLY_INTERVAL.
329 			 * This is contrary to RFC 1256, but defends against
330 			 * black holes.
331 			 */
332 			if (drp->dr_gate == bad_gate) {
333 				sec = (now.tv_sec - drp->dr_life
334 				       + SUPPLY_INTERVAL);
335 				if (drp->dr_ts > sec) {
336 					trace_act("age 0.0.0.0 --> %s via %s",
337 						  naddr_ntoa(drp->dr_gate),
338 						  drp->dr_ifp->int_name);
339 					drp->dr_ts = sec;
340 				}
341 				break;
342 			}
343 		}
344 	}
345 
346 	rdisc_sol();
347 	rdisc_sort();
348 
349 	/* Delete old redirected routes to keep the kernel table small,
350 	 * and to prevent black holes.  Check that the kernel table
351 	 * matches the daemon table (i.e. has the default route).
352 	 * But only if RIP is not running and we are not dealing with
353 	 * a bad gateway, since otherwise age() will be called.
354 	 */
355 	if (rip_sock < 0 && bad_gate == 0)
356 		age(0);
357 }
358 
359 
360 /* Zap all routes discovered via an interface that has gone bad
361  *	This should only be called when !(ifp->int_state & IS_ALIAS)
362  */
363 void
364 if_bad_rdisc(struct interface *ifp)
365 {
366 	struct dr *drp;
367 
368 	for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
369 		if (drp->dr_ifp != ifp)
370 			continue;
371 		drp->dr_recv_pref = 0;
372 		drp->dr_ts = 0;
373 		drp->dr_life = 0;
374 	}
375 
376 	/* make a note to re-solicit, turn RIP on or off, etc. */
377 	rdisc_timer.tv_sec = 0;
378 }
379 
380 
381 /* mark an interface ok for router discovering.
382  */
383 void
384 if_ok_rdisc(struct interface *ifp)
385 {
386 	set_rdisc_mg(ifp, 1);
387 
388 	ifp->int_rdisc_cnt = 0;
389 	ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + (supplier
390 						    ? MIN_WAITTIME
391 						    : MAX_SOLICITATION_DELAY);
392 	if (timercmp(&rdisc_timer, &ifp->int_rdisc_timer, >))
393 		rdisc_timer = ifp->int_rdisc_timer;
394 }
395 
396 
397 /* get rid of a dead discovered router
398  */
399 static void
400 del_rdisc(struct dr *drp)
401 {
402 	struct interface *ifp;
403 	naddr gate;
404 	int i;
405 
406 
407 	del_redirects(gate = drp->dr_gate, 0);
408 	drp->dr_ts = 0;
409 	drp->dr_life = 0;
410 
411 
412 	/* Count the other discovered routes on the interface.
413 	 */
414 	i = 0;
415 	ifp = drp->dr_ifp;
416 	for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
417 		if (drp->dr_ts != 0
418 		    && drp->dr_ifp == ifp)
419 			i++;
420 	}
421 
422 	/* If that was the last good discovered router on the interface,
423 	 * then solicit a new one.
424 	 * This is contrary to RFC 1256, but defends against black holes.
425 	 */
426 	if (i != 0) {
427 		trace_act("discovered router %s via %s"
428 			  " is bad--have %d remaining",
429 			  naddr_ntoa(gate), ifp->int_name, i);
430 	} else if (ifp->int_rdisc_cnt >= MAX_SOLICITATIONS) {
431 		trace_act("last discovered router %s via %s"
432 			  " is bad--re-solicit",
433 			  naddr_ntoa(gate), ifp->int_name);
434 		ifp->int_rdisc_cnt = 0;
435 		ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec = 0;
436 		rdisc_sol();
437 	} else {
438 		trace_act("last discovered router %s via %s"
439 			  " is bad--wait to solicit",
440 			  naddr_ntoa(gate), ifp->int_name);
441 	}
442 }
443 
444 
445 /* Find the best discovered route,
446  * and discard stale routers.
447  */
448 static void
449 rdisc_sort(void)
450 {
451 	struct dr *drp, *new_drp;
452 	struct rt_entry *rt;
453 	struct rt_spare new;
454 	struct interface *ifp;
455 	u_int new_st = 0;
456 	n_long new_pref = 0;
457 
458 
459 	/* Find the best discovered route.
460 	 */
461 	new_drp = 0;
462 	for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
463 		if (drp->dr_ts == 0)
464 			continue;
465 		ifp = drp->dr_ifp;
466 
467 		/* Get rid of expired discovered routers.
468 		 */
469 		if (drp->dr_ts + drp->dr_life <= now.tv_sec) {
470 			del_rdisc(drp);
471 			continue;
472 		}
473 
474 		LIM_SEC(rdisc_timer, drp->dr_ts+drp->dr_life+1);
475 
476 		/* Update preference with possibly changed interface
477 		 * metric.
478 		 */
479 		drp->dr_pref = PREF(drp->dr_recv_pref, ifp);
480 
481 		/* Prefer the current route to prevent thrashing.
482 		 * Prefer shorter lifetimes to speed the detection of
483 		 * bad routers.
484 		 * Avoid sick interfaces.
485 		 */
486 		if (new_drp == 0
487 		    || (!((new_st ^ drp->dr_ifp->int_state) & IS_SICK)
488 			&& (new_pref < drp->dr_pref
489 			    || (new_pref == drp->dr_pref
490 				&& (drp == cur_drp
491 				    || (new_drp != cur_drp
492 					&& new_drp->dr_life > drp->dr_life)))))
493 		    || ((new_st & IS_SICK)
494 			&& !(drp->dr_ifp->int_state & IS_SICK))) {
495 			    new_drp = drp;
496 			    new_st = drp->dr_ifp->int_state;
497 			    new_pref = drp->dr_pref;
498 		}
499 	}
500 
501 	/* switch to a better default route
502 	 */
503 	if (new_drp != cur_drp) {
504 		rt = rtget(RIP_DEFAULT, 0);
505 
506 		/* Stop using discovered routes if they are all bad
507 		 */
508 		if (new_drp == 0) {
509 			trace_act("turn off Router Discovery client");
510 			rdisc_ok = 0;
511 
512 			if (rt != 0
513 			    && (rt->rt_state & RS_RDISC)) {
514 				new = rt->rt_spares[0];
515 				new.rts_metric = HOPCNT_INFINITY;
516 				new.rts_time = now.tv_sec - GARBAGE_TIME;
517 				rtchange(rt, rt->rt_state & ~RS_RDISC,
518 					 &new, 0);
519 				rtswitch(rt, 0);
520 			}
521 
522 		} else {
523 			if (cur_drp == 0) {
524 				trace_act("turn on Router Discovery client"
525 					  " using %s via %s",
526 					  naddr_ntoa(new_drp->dr_gate),
527 					  new_drp->dr_ifp->int_name);
528 				rdisc_ok = 1;
529 
530 			} else {
531 				trace_act("switch Router Discovery from"
532 					  " %s via %s to %s via %s",
533 					  naddr_ntoa(cur_drp->dr_gate),
534 					  cur_drp->dr_ifp->int_name,
535 					  naddr_ntoa(new_drp->dr_gate),
536 					  new_drp->dr_ifp->int_name);
537 			}
538 
539 			memset(&new, 0, sizeof(new));
540 			new.rts_ifp = new_drp->dr_ifp;
541 			new.rts_gate = new_drp->dr_gate;
542 			new.rts_router = new_drp->dr_gate;
543 			new.rts_metric = HOPCNT_INFINITY-1;
544 			new.rts_time = now.tv_sec;
545 			if (rt != 0) {
546 				rtchange(rt, rt->rt_state | RS_RDISC, &new, 0);
547 			} else {
548 				rtadd(RIP_DEFAULT, 0, RS_RDISC, &new);
549 			}
550 		}
551 
552 		cur_drp = new_drp;
553 	}
554 
555 	/* turn RIP on or off */
556 	if (!rdisc_ok || rip_interfaces > 1) {
557 		rip_on(0);
558 	} else {
559 		rip_off();
560 	}
561 }
562 
563 
564 /* handle a single address in an advertisement
565  */
566 static void
567 parse_ad(naddr from,
568 	 naddr gate,
569 	 n_long pref,			/* signed and in network order */
570 	 u_short life,			/* in host byte order */
571 	 struct interface *ifp)
572 {
573 	static struct msg_limit bad_gate;
574 	struct dr *drp, *new_drp;
575 
576 
577 	if (gate == RIP_DEFAULT
578 	    || !check_dst(gate)) {
579 		msglim(&bad_gate, from,"router %s advertising bad gateway %s",
580 		       naddr_ntoa(from),
581 		       naddr_ntoa(gate));
582 		return;
583 	}
584 
585 	/* ignore pointers to ourself and routes via unreachable networks
586 	 */
587 	if (ifwithaddr(gate, 1, 0) != 0) {
588 		trace_pkt("    discard Router Discovery Ad pointing at us");
589 		return;
590 	}
591 	if (!on_net(gate, ifp->int_net, ifp->int_mask)) {
592 		trace_pkt("    discard Router Discovery Ad"
593 			  " toward unreachable net");
594 		return;
595 	}
596 
597 	/* Convert preference to an unsigned value
598 	 * and later bias it by the metric of the interface.
599 	 */
600 	pref = UNSIGN_PREF(ntohl(pref));
601 
602 	if (pref == 0 || life < MinMaxAdvertiseInterval) {
603 		pref = 0;
604 		life = 0;
605 	}
606 
607 	for (new_drp = 0, drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
608 		/* accept new info for a familiar entry
609 		 */
610 		if (drp->dr_gate == gate) {
611 			new_drp = drp;
612 			break;
613 		}
614 
615 		if (life == 0)
616 			continue;	/* do not worry about dead ads */
617 
618 		if (drp->dr_ts == 0) {
619 			new_drp = drp;	/* use unused entry */
620 
621 		} else if (new_drp == 0) {
622 			/* look for an entry worse than the new one to
623 			 * reuse.
624 			 */
625 			if ((!(ifp->int_state & IS_SICK)
626 			     && (drp->dr_ifp->int_state & IS_SICK))
627 			    || (pref > drp->dr_pref
628 				&& !((ifp->int_state ^ drp->dr_ifp->int_state)
629 				     & IS_SICK)))
630 				new_drp = drp;
631 
632 		} else if (new_drp->dr_ts != 0) {
633 			/* look for the least valuable entry to reuse
634 			 */
635 			if ((!(new_drp->dr_ifp->int_state & IS_SICK)
636 			     && (drp->dr_ifp->int_state & IS_SICK))
637 			    || (new_drp->dr_pref > drp->dr_pref
638 				&& !((new_drp->dr_ifp->int_state
639 				      ^ drp->dr_ifp->int_state)
640 				     & IS_SICK)))
641 				new_drp = drp;
642 		}
643 	}
644 
645 	/* forget it if all of the current entries are better */
646 	if (new_drp == 0)
647 		return;
648 
649 	new_drp->dr_ifp = ifp;
650 	new_drp->dr_gate = gate;
651 	new_drp->dr_ts = now.tv_sec;
652 	new_drp->dr_life = life;
653 	new_drp->dr_recv_pref = pref;
654 	/* bias functional preference by metric of the interface */
655 	new_drp->dr_pref = PREF(pref,ifp);
656 
657 	/* after hearing a good advertisement, stop asking
658 	 */
659 	if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_SICK))
660 		ifp->int_rdisc_cnt = MAX_SOLICITATIONS;
661 }
662 
663 
664 /* Compute the IP checksum
665  *	This assumes the packet is less than 32K long.
666  */
667 static u_short
668 in_cksum(u_short *p,
669 	 u_int len)
670 {
671 	u_int sum = 0;
672 	int nwords = len >> 1;
673 
674 	while (nwords-- != 0)
675 		sum += *p++;
676 
677 	if (len & 1)
678 		sum += *(u_char *)p;
679 
680 	/* end-around-carry */
681 	sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);
682 	sum += (sum >> 16);
683 	return (~sum);
684 }
685 
686 
687 /* Send a router discovery advertisement or solicitation ICMP packet.
688  */
689 static void
690 send_rdisc(union ad_u *p,
691 	   int p_size,
692 	   struct interface *ifp,
693 	   naddr dst,			/* 0 or unicast destination */
694 	   int	type)			/* 0=unicast, 1=bcast, 2=mcast */
695 {
696 	struct sockaddr_in rsin;
697 	int flags;
698 	const char *msg;
699 
700 
701 	memset(&rsin, 0, sizeof(rsin));
702 	rsin.sin_addr.s_addr = dst;
703 	rsin.sin_family = AF_INET;
704 #ifdef _HAVE_SIN_LEN
705 	rsin.sin_len = sizeof(rsin);
706 #endif
707 	flags = MSG_DONTROUTE;
708 
709 	switch (type) {
710 	case 0:				/* unicast */
711 	default:
712 		msg = "Send";
713 		break;
714 
715 	case 1:				/* broadcast */
716 		if (ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT) {
717 			msg = "Send pt-to-pt";
718 			rsin.sin_addr.s_addr = ifp->int_dstaddr;
719 		} else {
720 			msg = "Send broadcast";
721 			rsin.sin_addr.s_addr = ifp->int_brdaddr;
722 		}
723 		break;
724 
725 	case 2:				/* multicast */
726 		msg = "Send multicast";
727 		if (ifp->int_state & IS_DUP) {
728 			trace_act("abort multicast output via %s"
729 				  " with duplicate address",
730 				  ifp->int_name);
731 			return;
732 		}
733 		if (rdisc_sock_mcast != ifp) {
734 			/* select the right interface. */
735 			struct ip_mreqn mreqn;
736 
737 			memset(&mreqn, 0, sizeof(struct ip_mreqn));
738 			mreqn.imr_ifindex = ifp->int_index;
739 			if (0 > setsockopt(rdisc_sock,
740 					   IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF,
741 					   &mreqn,
742 					   sizeof(mreqn))) {
743 				LOGERR("setsockopt(rdisc_sock,"
744 				       "IP_MULTICAST_IF)");
745 				rdisc_sock_mcast = 0;
746 				return;
747 			}
748 			rdisc_sock_mcast = ifp;
749 		}
750 		flags = 0;
751 		break;
752 	}
753 
754 	if (rdisc_sock < 0)
755 		get_rdisc_sock();
756 
757 	trace_rdisc(msg, ifp->int_addr, rsin.sin_addr.s_addr, ifp,
758 		    p, p_size);
759 
760 	if (0 > sendto(rdisc_sock, p, p_size, flags,
761 		       (struct sockaddr *)&rsin, sizeof(rsin))) {
762 		if (ifp == 0 || !(ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE))
763 			msglog("sendto(%s%s%s): %s",
764 			       ifp != 0 ? ifp->int_name : "",
765 			       ifp != 0 ? ", " : "",
766 			       inet_ntoa(rsin.sin_addr),
767 			       strerror(errno));
768 		if (ifp != 0)
769 			if_sick(ifp);
770 	}
771 }
772 
773 
774 /* Send an advertisement
775  */
776 static void
777 send_adv(struct interface *ifp,
778 	 naddr	dst,			/* 0 or unicast destination */
779 	 int	type)			/* 0=unicast, 1=bcast, 2=mcast */
780 {
781 	union ad_u u;
782 	n_long pref;
783 
784 
785 	memset(&u, 0, sizeof(u.ad));
786 
787 	u.ad.icmp_type = ICMP_ROUTERADVERT;
788 	u.ad.icmp_ad_num = 1;
789 	u.ad.icmp_ad_asize = sizeof(u.ad.icmp_ad_info[0])/4;
790 
791 	u.ad.icmp_ad_life = stopint ? 0 : htons(ifp->int_rdisc_int*3);
792 
793 	/* Convert the configured preference to an unsigned value,
794 	 * bias it by the interface metric, and then send it as a
795 	 * signed, network byte order value.
796 	 */
797 	pref = UNSIGN_PREF(ifp->int_rdisc_pref);
798 	u.ad.icmp_ad_info[0].icmp_ad_pref = htonl(SIGN_PREF(PREF(pref, ifp)));
799 
800 	u.ad.icmp_ad_info[0].icmp_ad_addr = ifp->int_addr;
801 
802 	u.ad.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&u.ad, sizeof(u.ad));
803 
804 	send_rdisc(&u, sizeof(u.ad), ifp, dst, type);
805 }
806 
807 
808 /* Advertise for Router Discovery
809  */
810 void
811 rdisc_adv(void)
812 {
813 	struct interface *ifp;
814 
815 	if (!supplier)
816 		return;
817 
818 	rdisc_timer.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + NEVER;
819 
820 	for (ifp = ifnet; ifp; ifp = ifp->int_next) {
821 		if (0 != (ifp->int_state & (IS_NO_ADV_OUT | IS_BROKE)))
822 			continue;
823 
824 		if (!timercmp(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer, &now, >)
825 		    || stopint) {
826 			send_adv(ifp, htonl(INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP),
827 				 (ifp->int_state&IS_BCAST_RDISC) ? 1 : 2);
828 			ifp->int_rdisc_cnt++;
829 
830 			intvl_random(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer,
831 				     (ifp->int_rdisc_int*3)/4,
832 				     ifp->int_rdisc_int);
833 			if (ifp->int_rdisc_cnt < MAX_INITIAL_ADVERTS
834 			    && (ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec
835 				> MAX_INITIAL_ADVERT_INTERVAL)) {
836 				ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec
837 				= MAX_INITIAL_ADVERT_INTERVAL;
838 			}
839 			timevaladd(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer, &now);
840 		}
841 
842 		if (timercmp(&rdisc_timer, &ifp->int_rdisc_timer, >))
843 			rdisc_timer = ifp->int_rdisc_timer;
844 	}
845 }
846 
847 
848 /* Solicit for Router Discovery
849  */
850 void
851 rdisc_sol(void)
852 {
853 	struct interface *ifp;
854 	union ad_u u;
855 
856 
857 	if (supplier)
858 		return;
859 
860 	rdisc_timer.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + NEVER;
861 
862 	for (ifp = ifnet; ifp; ifp = ifp->int_next) {
863 		if (0 != (ifp->int_state & (IS_NO_SOL_OUT | IS_BROKE))
864 		    || ifp->int_rdisc_cnt >= MAX_SOLICITATIONS)
865 			continue;
866 
867 		if (!timercmp(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer, &now, >)) {
868 			memset(&u, 0, sizeof(u.so));
869 			u.so.icmp_type = ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT;
870 			u.so.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&u.so,
871 						   sizeof(u.so));
872 			send_rdisc(&u, sizeof(u.so), ifp,
873 				   htonl(INADDR_ALLROUTERS_GROUP),
874 				   ((ifp->int_state&IS_BCAST_RDISC) ? 1 : 2));
875 
876 			if (++ifp->int_rdisc_cnt >= MAX_SOLICITATIONS)
877 				continue;
878 
879 			ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec = SOLICITATION_INTERVAL;
880 			ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_usec = 0;
881 			timevaladd(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer, &now);
882 		}
883 
884 		if (timercmp(&rdisc_timer, &ifp->int_rdisc_timer, >))
885 			rdisc_timer = ifp->int_rdisc_timer;
886 	}
887 }
888 
889 
890 /* check the IP header of a possible Router Discovery ICMP packet */
891 static struct interface *		/* 0 if bad */
892 ck_icmp(const char *act,
893 	naddr	from,
894 	struct interface *ifp,
895 	naddr	to,
896 	union ad_u *p,
897 	u_int	len)
898 {
899 	const char *type;
900 
901 
902 	if (p->icmp.icmp_type == ICMP_ROUTERADVERT) {
903 		type = "advertisement";
904 	} else if (p->icmp.icmp_type == ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT) {
905 		type = "solicitation";
906 	} else {
907 		return 0;
908 	}
909 
910 	if (p->icmp.icmp_code != 0) {
911 		trace_pkt("unrecognized ICMP Router %s code=%d from %s to %s",
912 			  type, p->icmp.icmp_code,
913 			  naddr_ntoa(from), naddr_ntoa(to));
914 		return 0;
915 	}
916 
917 	trace_rdisc(act, from, to, ifp, p, len);
918 
919 	if (ifp == 0)
920 		trace_pkt("unknown interface for router-discovery %s"
921 			  " from %s to %s",
922 			  type, naddr_ntoa(from), naddr_ntoa(to));
923 
924 	return ifp;
925 }
926 
927 
928 /* read packets from the router discovery socket
929  */
930 void
931 read_d(void)
932 {
933 	static struct msg_limit bad_asize, bad_len;
934 #ifdef USE_PASSIFNAME
935 	static struct msg_limit  bad_name;
936 #endif
937 	struct sockaddr_in from;
938 	int n, fromlen, cc, hlen;
939 	struct {
940 #ifdef USE_PASSIFNAME
941 		char	ifname[IFNAMSIZ];
942 #endif
943 		union {
944 			struct ip ip;
945 			u_short s[512/2];
946 			u_char	b[512];
947 		} pkt;
948 	} buf;
949 	union ad_u *p;
950 	n_long *wp;
951 	struct interface *ifp;
952 
953 
954 	for (;;) {
955 		fromlen = sizeof(from);
956 		cc = recvfrom(rdisc_sock, &buf, sizeof(buf), 0,
957 			      (struct sockaddr*)&from,
958 			      &fromlen);
959 		if (cc <= 0) {
960 			if (cc < 0 && errno != EWOULDBLOCK)
961 				LOGERR("recvfrom(rdisc_sock)");
962 			break;
963 		}
964 		if (fromlen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))
965 			logbad(1,"impossible recvfrom(rdisc_sock) fromlen=%d",
966 			       fromlen);
967 #ifdef USE_PASSIFNAME
968 		if ((cc -= sizeof(buf.ifname)) < 0)
969 			logbad(0,"missing USE_PASSIFNAME; only %d bytes",
970 			       cc+sizeof(buf.ifname));
971 #endif
972 
973 		hlen = buf.pkt.ip.ip_hl << 2;
974 		if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN)
975 			continue;
976 		p = (union ad_u *)&buf.pkt.b[hlen];
977 		cc -= hlen;
978 
979 #ifdef USE_PASSIFNAME
980 		ifp = ifwithname(buf.ifname, 0);
981 		if (ifp == 0)
982 			msglim(&bad_name, from.sin_addr.s_addr,
983 			       "impossible rdisc if_ name %.*s",
984 			       IFNAMSIZ, buf.ifname);
985 #else
986 		/* If we could tell the interface on which a packet from
987 		 * address 0 arrived, we could deal with such solicitations.
988 		 */
989 		ifp = ((from.sin_addr.s_addr == 0)
990 		       ? 0 : iflookup(from.sin_addr.s_addr));
991 #endif
992 		ifp = ck_icmp("Recv", from.sin_addr.s_addr, ifp,
993 			      buf.pkt.ip.ip_dst.s_addr, p, cc);
994 		if (ifp == 0)
995 			continue;
996 		if (ifwithaddr(from.sin_addr.s_addr, 0, 0)) {
997 			trace_pkt("    "
998 				  "discard our own Router Discovery message");
999 			continue;
1000 		}
1001 
1002 		switch (p->icmp.icmp_type) {
1003 		case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1004 			if (p->ad.icmp_ad_asize*4
1005 			    < (int)sizeof(p->ad.icmp_ad_info[0])) {
1006 				msglim(&bad_asize, from.sin_addr.s_addr,
1007 				       "intolerable rdisc address size=%d",
1008 				       p->ad.icmp_ad_asize);
1009 				continue;
1010 			}
1011 			if (p->ad.icmp_ad_num == 0) {
1012 				trace_pkt("    empty?");
1013 				continue;
1014 			}
1015 			if (cc != (int)(sizeof(p->ad)
1016 					- sizeof(p->ad.icmp_ad_info)
1017 					+ (p->ad.icmp_ad_num
1018 					   * sizeof(p->ad.icmp_ad_info[0])))) {
1019 				msglim(&bad_len, from.sin_addr.s_addr,
1020 				       "rdisc length %d does not match ad_num"
1021 				       " %d", cc, p->ad.icmp_ad_num);
1022 				continue;
1023 			}
1024 			if (supplier)
1025 				continue;
1026 			if (ifp->int_state & IS_NO_ADV_IN)
1027 				continue;
1028 
1029 			wp = &p->ad.icmp_ad_info[0].icmp_ad_addr;
1030 			for (n = 0; n < p->ad.icmp_ad_num; n++) {
1031 				parse_ad(from.sin_addr.s_addr,
1032 					 wp[0], wp[1],
1033 					 ntohs(p->ad.icmp_ad_life),
1034 					 ifp);
1035 				wp += p->ad.icmp_ad_asize;
1036 			}
1037 			break;
1038 
1039 
1040 		case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1041 			if (!supplier)
1042 				continue;
1043 			if (ifp->int_state & IS_NO_ADV_OUT)
1044 				continue;
1045 			if (stopint)
1046 				continue;
1047 
1048 			/* XXX
1049 			 * We should handle messages from address 0.
1050 			 */
1051 
1052 			/* Respond with a point-to-point advertisement */
1053 			send_adv(ifp, from.sin_addr.s_addr, 0);
1054 			break;
1055 		}
1056 	}
1057 
1058 	rdisc_sort();
1059 }
1060