xref: /freebsd/sbin/routed/rdisc.c (revision 62cfcf62f627e5093fb37026a6d8c98e4d2ef04c)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  * $FreeBSD$
32  */
33 
34 #include "defs.h"
35 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
36 #include <netinet/ip.h>
37 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
38 
39 #ifdef __NetBSD__
40 __RCSID("$NetBSD$");
41 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
42 __RCSID("$FreeBSD$");
43 #else
44 __RCSID("$Revision: 2.27 $");
45 #ident "$Revision: 2.27 $"
46 #endif
47 
48 /* router advertisement ICMP packet */
49 struct icmp_ad {
50 	u_int8_t    icmp_type;		/* type of message */
51 	u_int8_t    icmp_code;		/* type sub code */
52 	u_int16_t   icmp_cksum;		/* ones complement cksum of struct */
53 	u_int8_t    icmp_ad_num;	/* # of following router addresses */
54 	u_int8_t    icmp_ad_asize;	/* 2--words in each advertisement */
55 	u_int16_t   icmp_ad_life;	/* seconds of validity */
56 	struct icmp_ad_info {
57 	    n_long  icmp_ad_addr;
58 	    n_long  icmp_ad_pref;
59 	} icmp_ad_info[1];
60 };
61 
62 /* router solicitation ICMP packet */
63 struct icmp_so {
64 	u_int8_t    icmp_type;		/* type of message */
65 	u_int8_t    icmp_code;		/* type sub code */
66 	u_int16_t   icmp_cksum;		/* ones complement cksum of struct */
67 	n_long	    icmp_so_rsvd;
68 };
69 
70 union ad_u {
71 	struct icmp icmp;
72 	struct icmp_ad ad;
73 	struct icmp_so so;
74 };
75 
76 
77 int	rdisc_sock = -1;		/* router-discovery raw socket */
78 static const struct interface *rdisc_sock_mcast; /* current multicast interface */
79 
80 struct timeval rdisc_timer;
81 int rdisc_ok;				/* using solicited route */
82 
83 
84 #define MAX_ADS 16			/* at least one per interface */
85 struct dr {				/* accumulated advertisements */
86     struct interface *dr_ifp;
87     naddr   dr_gate;			/* gateway */
88     time_t  dr_ts;			/* when received */
89     time_t  dr_life;			/* lifetime in host byte order */
90     n_long  dr_recv_pref;		/* received but biased preference */
91     n_long  dr_pref;			/* preference adjusted by metric */
92 };
93 static const struct dr *cur_drp;
94 static struct dr drs[MAX_ADS];
95 
96 /* convert between signed, balanced around zero,
97  * and unsigned zero-based preferences */
98 #define SIGN_PREF(p) ((p) ^ MIN_PreferenceLevel)
99 #define UNSIGN_PREF(p) SIGN_PREF(p)
100 /* adjust unsigned preference by interface metric,
101  * without driving it to infinity */
102 #define PREF(p, ifp) ((int)(p) <= ((ifp)->int_metric+(ifp)->int_adj_outmetric)\
103 		      ? ((p) != 0 ? 1 : 0)				    \
104 		      : (p) - ((ifp)->int_metric+(ifp)->int_adj_outmetric))
105 
106 static void rdisc_sort(void);
107 
108 
109 /* dump an ICMP Router Discovery Advertisement Message
110  */
111 static void
112 trace_rdisc(const char	*act,
113 	    naddr	from,
114 	    naddr	to,
115 	    struct interface *ifp,
116 	    union ad_u	*p,
117 	    u_int	len)
118 {
119 	int i;
120 	n_long *wp, *lim;
121 
122 
123 	if (!TRACEPACKETS || ftrace == NULL)
124 		return;
125 
126 	lastlog();
127 
128 	if (p->icmp.icmp_type == ICMP_ROUTERADVERT) {
129 		(void)fprintf(ftrace, "%s Router Ad"
130 			      " from %s to %s via %s life=%d\n",
131 			      act, naddr_ntoa(from), naddr_ntoa(to),
132 			      ifp ? ifp->int_name : "?",
133 			      ntohs(p->ad.icmp_ad_life));
134 		if (!TRACECONTENTS)
135 			return;
136 
137 		wp = &p->ad.icmp_ad_info[0].icmp_ad_addr;
138 		lim = &wp[(len - sizeof(p->ad)) / sizeof(*wp)];
139 		for (i = 0; i < p->ad.icmp_ad_num && wp <= lim; i++) {
140 			(void)fprintf(ftrace, "\t%s preference=%d",
141 				      naddr_ntoa(wp[0]), (int)ntohl(wp[1]));
142 			wp += p->ad.icmp_ad_asize;
143 		}
144 		(void)fputc('\n',ftrace);
145 
146 	} else {
147 		trace_act("%s Router Solic. from %s to %s via %s value=%#x",
148 			  act, naddr_ntoa(from), naddr_ntoa(to),
149 			  ifp ? ifp->int_name : "?",
150 			  (int)ntohl(p->so.icmp_so_rsvd));
151 	}
152 }
153 
154 /* prepare Router Discovery socket.
155  */
156 static void
157 get_rdisc_sock(void)
158 {
159 	if (rdisc_sock < 0) {
160 		rdisc_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
161 		if (rdisc_sock < 0)
162 			BADERR(1,"rdisc_sock = socket()");
163 		fix_sock(rdisc_sock,"rdisc_sock");
164 		fix_select();
165 	}
166 }
167 
168 
169 /* Pick multicast group for router-discovery socket
170  */
171 void
172 set_rdisc_mg(struct interface *ifp,
173 	     int on)			/* 0=turn it off */
174 {
175 	struct group_req gr;
176 	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
177 
178 	assert(ifp != NULL);
179 
180 	if (rdisc_sock < 0) {
181 		/* Create the raw socket so that we can hear at least
182 		 * broadcast router discovery packets.
183 		 */
184 		if ((ifp->int_state & IS_NO_RDISC) == IS_NO_RDISC
185 		    || !on)
186 			return;
187 		get_rdisc_sock();
188 	}
189 
190 	if (!(ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_MULTICAST)) {
191 		ifp->int_state &= ~(IS_ALL_HOSTS | IS_ALL_ROUTERS);
192 		return;
193 	}
194 
195 	memset(&gr, 0, sizeof(gr));
196 	gr.gr_interface = ifp->int_index;
197 	sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&gr.gr_group;
198 	sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
199 #ifdef _HAVE_SIN_LEN
200 	sin->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
201 #endif
202 
203 	if (supplier
204 	    || (ifp->int_state & IS_NO_ADV_IN)
205 	    || !on) {
206 		/* stop listening to advertisements
207 		 */
208 		if (ifp->int_state & IS_ALL_HOSTS) {
209 			sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP);
210 			if (setsockopt(rdisc_sock, IPPROTO_IP,
211 				       MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP,
212 				       &gr, sizeof(gr)) < 0)
213 				LOGERR("MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP ALLHOSTS");
214 			ifp->int_state &= ~IS_ALL_HOSTS;
215 		}
216 
217 	} else if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_ALL_HOSTS)) {
218 		/* start listening to advertisements
219 		 */
220 		sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP);
221 		if (setsockopt(rdisc_sock, IPPROTO_IP, MCAST_JOIN_GROUP,
222 			       &gr, sizeof(gr)) < 0) {
223 			LOGERR("MCAST_JOIN_GROUP ALLHOSTS");
224 		} else {
225 			ifp->int_state |= IS_ALL_HOSTS;
226 		}
227 	}
228 
229 	if (!supplier
230 	    || (ifp->int_state & IS_NO_ADV_OUT)
231 	    || !on) {
232 		/* stop listening to solicitations
233 		 */
234 		if (ifp->int_state & IS_ALL_ROUTERS) {
235 			sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ALLROUTERS_GROUP);
236 			if (setsockopt(rdisc_sock, IPPROTO_IP,
237 				       MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP,
238 				       &gr, sizeof(gr)) < 0)
239 				LOGERR("MCAST_LEAVE_GROUP ALLROUTERS");
240 			ifp->int_state &= ~IS_ALL_ROUTERS;
241 		}
242 
243 	} else if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_ALL_ROUTERS)) {
244 		/* start hearing solicitations
245 		 */
246 		sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ALLROUTERS_GROUP);
247 		if (setsockopt(rdisc_sock, IPPROTO_IP, MCAST_JOIN_GROUP,
248 			       &gr, sizeof(gr)) < 0) {
249 			LOGERR("MCAST_JOIN_GROUP ALLROUTERS");
250 		} else {
251 			ifp->int_state |= IS_ALL_ROUTERS;
252 		}
253 	}
254 }
255 
256 
257 /* start supplying routes
258  */
259 void
260 set_supplier(void)
261 {
262 	struct interface *ifp;
263 	struct dr *drp;
264 
265 	if (supplier_set)
266 		return;
267 
268 	trace_act("start supplying routes");
269 
270 	/* Forget discovered routes.
271 	 */
272 	for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
273 		drp->dr_recv_pref = 0;
274 		drp->dr_life = 0;
275 	}
276 	rdisc_age(0);
277 
278 	supplier_set = 1;
279 	supplier = 1;
280 
281 	/* Do not start advertising until we have heard some RIP routes */
282 	LIM_SEC(rdisc_timer, now.tv_sec+MIN_WAITTIME);
283 
284 	/* Switch router discovery multicast groups from soliciting
285 	 * to advertising.
286 	 */
287 	LIST_FOREACH(ifp, &ifnet, int_list) {
288 		if (ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE)
289 			continue;
290 		ifp->int_rdisc_cnt = 0;
291 		ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_usec = rdisc_timer.tv_usec;
292 		ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec = now.tv_sec+MIN_WAITTIME;
293 		set_rdisc_mg(ifp, 1);
294 	}
295 
296 	/* get rid of any redirects */
297 	del_redirects(0,0);
298 }
299 
300 
301 /* age discovered routes and find the best one
302  */
303 void
304 rdisc_age(naddr bad_gate)
305 {
306 	time_t sec;
307 	struct dr *drp;
308 
309 
310 	/* If only advertising, then do only that. */
311 	if (supplier) {
312 		/* If switching from client to server, get rid of old
313 		 * default routes.
314 		 */
315 		if (cur_drp != NULL)
316 			rdisc_sort();
317 		rdisc_adv();
318 		return;
319 	}
320 
321 	/* If we are being told about a bad router,
322 	 * then age the discovered default route, and if there is
323 	 * no alternative, solicit a replacement.
324 	 */
325 	if (bad_gate != 0) {
326 		/* Look for the bad discovered default route.
327 		 * Age it and note its interface.
328 		 */
329 		for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
330 			if (drp->dr_ts == 0)
331 				continue;
332 
333 			/* When we find the bad router, then age the route
334 			 * to at most SUPPLY_INTERVAL.
335 			 * This is contrary to RFC 1256, but defends against
336 			 * black holes.
337 			 */
338 			if (drp->dr_gate == bad_gate) {
339 				sec = (now.tv_sec - drp->dr_life
340 				       + SUPPLY_INTERVAL);
341 				if (drp->dr_ts > sec) {
342 					trace_act("age 0.0.0.0 --> %s via %s",
343 						  naddr_ntoa(drp->dr_gate),
344 						  drp->dr_ifp->int_name);
345 					drp->dr_ts = sec;
346 				}
347 				break;
348 			}
349 		}
350 	}
351 
352 	rdisc_sol();
353 	rdisc_sort();
354 
355 	/* Delete old redirected routes to keep the kernel table small,
356 	 * and to prevent black holes.  Check that the kernel table
357 	 * matches the daemon table (i.e. has the default route).
358 	 * But only if RIP is not running and we are not dealing with
359 	 * a bad gateway, since otherwise age() will be called.
360 	 */
361 	if (rip_sock < 0 && bad_gate == 0)
362 		age(0);
363 }
364 
365 
366 /* Zap all routes discovered via an interface that has gone bad
367  *	This should only be called when !(ifp->int_state & IS_ALIAS)
368  */
369 void
370 if_bad_rdisc(struct interface *ifp)
371 {
372 	struct dr *drp;
373 
374 	for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
375 		if (drp->dr_ifp != ifp)
376 			continue;
377 		drp->dr_recv_pref = 0;
378 		drp->dr_ts = 0;
379 		drp->dr_life = 0;
380 	}
381 
382 	/* make a note to re-solicit, turn RIP on or off, etc. */
383 	rdisc_timer.tv_sec = 0;
384 }
385 
386 
387 /* mark an interface ok for router discovering.
388  */
389 void
390 if_ok_rdisc(struct interface *ifp)
391 {
392 	set_rdisc_mg(ifp, 1);
393 
394 	ifp->int_rdisc_cnt = 0;
395 	ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + (supplier
396 						    ? MIN_WAITTIME
397 						    : MAX_SOLICITATION_DELAY);
398 	if (timercmp(&rdisc_timer, &ifp->int_rdisc_timer, >))
399 		rdisc_timer = ifp->int_rdisc_timer;
400 }
401 
402 
403 /* get rid of a dead discovered router
404  */
405 static void
406 del_rdisc(struct dr *drp)
407 {
408 	struct interface *ifp;
409 	naddr gate;
410 	int i;
411 
412 
413 	del_redirects(gate = drp->dr_gate, 0);
414 	drp->dr_ts = 0;
415 	drp->dr_life = 0;
416 
417 
418 	/* Count the other discovered routes on the interface.
419 	 */
420 	i = 0;
421 	ifp = drp->dr_ifp;
422 	for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
423 		if (drp->dr_ts != 0
424 		    && drp->dr_ifp == ifp)
425 			i++;
426 	}
427 
428 	/* If that was the last good discovered router on the interface,
429 	 * then solicit a new one.
430 	 * This is contrary to RFC 1256, but defends against black holes.
431 	 */
432 	if (i != 0) {
433 		trace_act("discovered router %s via %s"
434 			  " is bad--have %d remaining",
435 			  naddr_ntoa(gate), ifp->int_name, i);
436 	} else if (ifp->int_rdisc_cnt >= MAX_SOLICITATIONS) {
437 		trace_act("last discovered router %s via %s"
438 			  " is bad--re-solicit",
439 			  naddr_ntoa(gate), ifp->int_name);
440 		ifp->int_rdisc_cnt = 0;
441 		ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec = 0;
442 		rdisc_sol();
443 	} else {
444 		trace_act("last discovered router %s via %s"
445 			  " is bad--wait to solicit",
446 			  naddr_ntoa(gate), ifp->int_name);
447 	}
448 }
449 
450 
451 /* Find the best discovered route,
452  * and discard stale routers.
453  */
454 static void
455 rdisc_sort(void)
456 {
457 	struct dr *drp, *new_drp;
458 	struct rt_entry *rt;
459 	struct rt_spare new;
460 	struct interface *ifp;
461 	u_int new_st = 0;
462 	n_long new_pref = 0;
463 
464 
465 	/* Find the best discovered route.
466 	 */
467 	new_drp = NULL;
468 	for (drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
469 		if (drp->dr_ts == 0)
470 			continue;
471 		ifp = drp->dr_ifp;
472 
473 		/* Get rid of expired discovered routers.
474 		 */
475 		if (drp->dr_ts + drp->dr_life <= now.tv_sec) {
476 			del_rdisc(drp);
477 			continue;
478 		}
479 
480 		LIM_SEC(rdisc_timer, drp->dr_ts+drp->dr_life+1);
481 
482 		/* Update preference with possibly changed interface
483 		 * metric.
484 		 */
485 		drp->dr_pref = PREF(drp->dr_recv_pref, ifp);
486 
487 		/* Prefer the current route to prevent thrashing.
488 		 * Prefer shorter lifetimes to speed the detection of
489 		 * bad routers.
490 		 * Avoid sick interfaces.
491 		 */
492 		if (new_drp == NULL
493 		    || (!((new_st ^ drp->dr_ifp->int_state) & IS_SICK)
494 			&& (new_pref < drp->dr_pref
495 			    || (new_pref == drp->dr_pref
496 				&& (drp == cur_drp
497 				    || (new_drp != cur_drp
498 					&& new_drp->dr_life > drp->dr_life)))))
499 		    || ((new_st & IS_SICK)
500 			&& !(drp->dr_ifp->int_state & IS_SICK))) {
501 			    new_drp = drp;
502 			    new_st = drp->dr_ifp->int_state;
503 			    new_pref = drp->dr_pref;
504 		}
505 	}
506 
507 	/* switch to a better default route
508 	 */
509 	if (new_drp != cur_drp) {
510 		rt = rtget(RIP_DEFAULT, 0);
511 
512 		/* Stop using discovered routes if they are all bad
513 		 */
514 		if (new_drp == NULL) {
515 			trace_act("turn off Router Discovery client");
516 			rdisc_ok = 0;
517 
518 			if (rt != NULL
519 			    && (rt->rt_state & RS_RDISC)) {
520 				new = rt->rt_spares[0];
521 				new.rts_metric = HOPCNT_INFINITY;
522 				new.rts_time = now.tv_sec - GARBAGE_TIME;
523 				rtchange(rt, rt->rt_state & ~RS_RDISC,
524 					 &new, 0);
525 				rtswitch(rt, 0);
526 			}
527 
528 		} else {
529 			if (cur_drp == NULL) {
530 				trace_act("turn on Router Discovery client"
531 					  " using %s via %s",
532 					  naddr_ntoa(new_drp->dr_gate),
533 					  new_drp->dr_ifp->int_name);
534 				rdisc_ok = 1;
535 
536 			} else {
537 				trace_act("switch Router Discovery from"
538 					  " %s via %s to %s via %s",
539 					  naddr_ntoa(cur_drp->dr_gate),
540 					  cur_drp->dr_ifp->int_name,
541 					  naddr_ntoa(new_drp->dr_gate),
542 					  new_drp->dr_ifp->int_name);
543 			}
544 
545 			memset(&new, 0, sizeof(new));
546 			new.rts_ifp = new_drp->dr_ifp;
547 			new.rts_gate = new_drp->dr_gate;
548 			new.rts_router = new_drp->dr_gate;
549 			new.rts_metric = HOPCNT_INFINITY-1;
550 			new.rts_time = now.tv_sec;
551 			if (rt != NULL) {
552 				rtchange(rt, rt->rt_state | RS_RDISC, &new, 0);
553 			} else {
554 				rtadd(RIP_DEFAULT, 0, RS_RDISC, &new);
555 			}
556 		}
557 
558 		cur_drp = new_drp;
559 	}
560 
561 	/* turn RIP on or off */
562 	if (!rdisc_ok || rip_interfaces > 1) {
563 		rip_on(0);
564 	} else {
565 		rip_off();
566 	}
567 }
568 
569 
570 /* handle a single address in an advertisement
571  */
572 static void
573 parse_ad(naddr from,
574 	 naddr gate,
575 	 n_long pref,			/* signed and in network order */
576 	 u_short life,			/* in host byte order */
577 	 struct interface *ifp)
578 {
579 	static struct msg_limit bad_gate;
580 	struct dr *drp, *new_drp;
581 
582 
583 	if (gate == RIP_DEFAULT
584 	    || !check_dst(gate)) {
585 		msglim(&bad_gate, from,"router %s advertising bad gateway %s",
586 		       naddr_ntoa(from),
587 		       naddr_ntoa(gate));
588 		return;
589 	}
590 
591 	/* ignore pointers to ourself and routes via unreachable networks
592 	 */
593 	if (ifwithaddr(gate, 1, 0) != NULL) {
594 		trace_pkt("    discard Router Discovery Ad pointing at us");
595 		return;
596 	}
597 	if (!on_net(gate, ifp->int_net, ifp->int_mask)) {
598 		trace_pkt("    discard Router Discovery Ad"
599 			  " toward unreachable net");
600 		return;
601 	}
602 
603 	/* Convert preference to an unsigned value
604 	 * and later bias it by the metric of the interface.
605 	 */
606 	pref = UNSIGN_PREF(ntohl(pref));
607 
608 	if (pref == 0 || life < MinMaxAdvertiseInterval) {
609 		pref = 0;
610 		life = 0;
611 	}
612 
613 	for (new_drp = NULL, drp = drs; drp < &drs[MAX_ADS]; drp++) {
614 		/* accept new info for a familiar entry
615 		 */
616 		if (drp->dr_gate == gate) {
617 			new_drp = drp;
618 			break;
619 		}
620 
621 		if (life == 0)
622 			continue;	/* do not worry about dead ads */
623 
624 		if (drp->dr_ts == 0) {
625 			new_drp = drp;	/* use unused entry */
626 
627 		} else if (new_drp == NULL) {
628 			/* look for an entry worse than the new one to
629 			 * reuse.
630 			 */
631 			if ((!(ifp->int_state & IS_SICK)
632 			     && (drp->dr_ifp->int_state & IS_SICK))
633 			    || (pref > drp->dr_pref
634 				&& !((ifp->int_state ^ drp->dr_ifp->int_state)
635 				     & IS_SICK)))
636 				new_drp = drp;
637 
638 		} else if (new_drp->dr_ts != 0) {
639 			/* look for the least valuable entry to reuse
640 			 */
641 			if ((!(new_drp->dr_ifp->int_state & IS_SICK)
642 			     && (drp->dr_ifp->int_state & IS_SICK))
643 			    || (new_drp->dr_pref > drp->dr_pref
644 				&& !((new_drp->dr_ifp->int_state
645 				      ^ drp->dr_ifp->int_state)
646 				     & IS_SICK)))
647 				new_drp = drp;
648 		}
649 	}
650 
651 	/* forget it if all of the current entries are better */
652 	if (new_drp == NULL)
653 		return;
654 
655 	new_drp->dr_ifp = ifp;
656 	new_drp->dr_gate = gate;
657 	new_drp->dr_ts = now.tv_sec;
658 	new_drp->dr_life = life;
659 	new_drp->dr_recv_pref = pref;
660 	/* bias functional preference by metric of the interface */
661 	new_drp->dr_pref = PREF(pref,ifp);
662 
663 	/* after hearing a good advertisement, stop asking
664 	 */
665 	if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_SICK))
666 		ifp->int_rdisc_cnt = MAX_SOLICITATIONS;
667 }
668 
669 
670 /* Compute the IP checksum
671  *	This assumes the packet is less than 32K long.
672  */
673 static u_short
674 in_cksum(u_short *p,
675 	 u_int len)
676 {
677 	u_int sum = 0;
678 	int nwords = len >> 1;
679 
680 	while (nwords-- != 0)
681 		sum += *p++;
682 
683 	if (len & 1)
684 		sum += *(u_char *)p;
685 
686 	/* end-around-carry */
687 	sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);
688 	sum += (sum >> 16);
689 	return (~sum);
690 }
691 
692 
693 /* Send a router discovery advertisement or solicitation ICMP packet.
694  */
695 static void
696 send_rdisc(union ad_u *p,
697 	   int p_size,
698 	   struct interface *ifp,
699 	   naddr dst,			/* 0 or unicast destination */
700 	   int	type)			/* 0=unicast, 1=bcast, 2=mcast */
701 {
702 	struct sockaddr_in rsin;
703 	int flags;
704 	const char *msg;
705 
706 
707 	memset(&rsin, 0, sizeof(rsin));
708 	rsin.sin_addr.s_addr = dst;
709 	rsin.sin_family = AF_INET;
710 #ifdef _HAVE_SIN_LEN
711 	rsin.sin_len = sizeof(rsin);
712 #endif
713 	flags = MSG_DONTROUTE;
714 
715 	switch (type) {
716 	case 0:				/* unicast */
717 	default:
718 		msg = "Send";
719 		break;
720 
721 	case 1:				/* broadcast */
722 		if (ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT) {
723 			msg = "Send pt-to-pt";
724 			rsin.sin_addr.s_addr = ifp->int_dstaddr;
725 		} else {
726 			msg = "Send broadcast";
727 			rsin.sin_addr.s_addr = ifp->int_brdaddr;
728 		}
729 		break;
730 
731 	case 2:				/* multicast */
732 		msg = "Send multicast";
733 		if (ifp->int_state & IS_DUP) {
734 			trace_act("abort multicast output via %s"
735 				  " with duplicate address",
736 				  ifp->int_name);
737 			return;
738 		}
739 		if (rdisc_sock_mcast != ifp) {
740 			/* select the right interface. */
741 			struct ip_mreqn mreqn;
742 
743 			memset(&mreqn, 0, sizeof(struct ip_mreqn));
744 			mreqn.imr_ifindex = ifp->int_index;
745 			if (0 > setsockopt(rdisc_sock,
746 					   IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF,
747 					   &mreqn,
748 					   sizeof(mreqn))) {
749 				LOGERR("setsockopt(rdisc_sock,"
750 				       "IP_MULTICAST_IF)");
751 				rdisc_sock_mcast = NULL;
752 				return;
753 			}
754 			rdisc_sock_mcast = ifp;
755 		}
756 		flags = 0;
757 		break;
758 	}
759 
760 	if (rdisc_sock < 0)
761 		get_rdisc_sock();
762 
763 	trace_rdisc(msg, (ifp ? ifp->int_addr : 0), rsin.sin_addr.s_addr, ifp,
764 		    p, p_size);
765 
766 	if (0 > sendto(rdisc_sock, p, p_size, flags,
767 		       (struct sockaddr *)&rsin, sizeof(rsin))) {
768 		if (ifp == NULL || !(ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE))
769 			msglog("sendto(%s%s%s): %s",
770 			       ifp != NULL ? ifp->int_name : "",
771 			       ifp != NULL ? ", " : "",
772 			       inet_ntoa(rsin.sin_addr),
773 			       strerror(errno));
774 		if (ifp != NULL)
775 			if_sick(ifp);
776 	}
777 }
778 
779 
780 /* Send an advertisement
781  */
782 static void
783 send_adv(struct interface *ifp,
784 	 naddr	dst,			/* 0 or unicast destination */
785 	 int	type)			/* 0=unicast, 1=bcast, 2=mcast */
786 {
787 	union ad_u u;
788 	n_long pref;
789 
790 
791 	memset(&u, 0, sizeof(u.ad));
792 
793 	u.ad.icmp_type = ICMP_ROUTERADVERT;
794 	u.ad.icmp_ad_num = 1;
795 	u.ad.icmp_ad_asize = sizeof(u.ad.icmp_ad_info[0])/4;
796 
797 	u.ad.icmp_ad_life = stopint ? 0 : htons(ifp->int_rdisc_int*3);
798 
799 	/* Convert the configured preference to an unsigned value,
800 	 * bias it by the interface metric, and then send it as a
801 	 * signed, network byte order value.
802 	 */
803 	pref = UNSIGN_PREF(ifp->int_rdisc_pref);
804 	u.ad.icmp_ad_info[0].icmp_ad_pref = htonl(SIGN_PREF(PREF(pref, ifp)));
805 
806 	u.ad.icmp_ad_info[0].icmp_ad_addr = ifp->int_addr;
807 
808 	u.ad.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&u.ad, sizeof(u.ad));
809 
810 	send_rdisc(&u, sizeof(u.ad), ifp, dst, type);
811 }
812 
813 
814 /* Advertise for Router Discovery
815  */
816 void
817 rdisc_adv(void)
818 {
819 	struct interface *ifp;
820 
821 	if (!supplier)
822 		return;
823 
824 	rdisc_timer.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + NEVER;
825 
826 	LIST_FOREACH(ifp, &ifnet, int_list) {
827 		if (0 != (ifp->int_state & (IS_NO_ADV_OUT | IS_BROKE)))
828 			continue;
829 
830 		if (!timercmp(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer, &now, >)
831 		    || stopint) {
832 			send_adv(ifp, htonl(INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP),
833 				 (ifp->int_state&IS_BCAST_RDISC) ? 1 : 2);
834 			ifp->int_rdisc_cnt++;
835 
836 			intvl_random(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer,
837 				     (ifp->int_rdisc_int*3)/4,
838 				     ifp->int_rdisc_int);
839 			if (ifp->int_rdisc_cnt < MAX_INITIAL_ADVERTS
840 			    && (ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec
841 				> MAX_INITIAL_ADVERT_INTERVAL)) {
842 				ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec
843 				= MAX_INITIAL_ADVERT_INTERVAL;
844 			}
845 			timevaladd(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer, &now);
846 		}
847 
848 		if (timercmp(&rdisc_timer, &ifp->int_rdisc_timer, >))
849 			rdisc_timer = ifp->int_rdisc_timer;
850 	}
851 }
852 
853 
854 /* Solicit for Router Discovery
855  */
856 void
857 rdisc_sol(void)
858 {
859 	struct interface *ifp;
860 	union ad_u u;
861 
862 
863 	if (supplier)
864 		return;
865 
866 	rdisc_timer.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + NEVER;
867 
868 	LIST_FOREACH(ifp, &ifnet, int_list) {
869 		if (0 != (ifp->int_state & (IS_NO_SOL_OUT | IS_BROKE))
870 		    || ifp->int_rdisc_cnt >= MAX_SOLICITATIONS)
871 			continue;
872 
873 		if (!timercmp(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer, &now, >)) {
874 			memset(&u, 0, sizeof(u.so));
875 			u.so.icmp_type = ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT;
876 			u.so.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&u.so,
877 						   sizeof(u.so));
878 			send_rdisc(&u, sizeof(u.so), ifp,
879 				   htonl(INADDR_ALLROUTERS_GROUP),
880 				   ((ifp->int_state&IS_BCAST_RDISC) ? 1 : 2));
881 
882 			if (++ifp->int_rdisc_cnt >= MAX_SOLICITATIONS)
883 				continue;
884 
885 			ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_sec = SOLICITATION_INTERVAL;
886 			ifp->int_rdisc_timer.tv_usec = 0;
887 			timevaladd(&ifp->int_rdisc_timer, &now);
888 		}
889 
890 		if (timercmp(&rdisc_timer, &ifp->int_rdisc_timer, >))
891 			rdisc_timer = ifp->int_rdisc_timer;
892 	}
893 }
894 
895 
896 /* check the IP header of a possible Router Discovery ICMP packet */
897 static struct interface *		/* 0 if bad */
898 ck_icmp(const char *act,
899 	naddr	from,
900 	struct interface *ifp,
901 	naddr	to,
902 	union ad_u *p,
903 	u_int	len)
904 {
905 	const char *type;
906 
907 
908 	if (p->icmp.icmp_type == ICMP_ROUTERADVERT) {
909 		type = "advertisement";
910 	} else if (p->icmp.icmp_type == ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT) {
911 		type = "solicitation";
912 	} else {
913 		return 0;
914 	}
915 
916 	if (p->icmp.icmp_code != 0) {
917 		trace_pkt("unrecognized ICMP Router %s code=%d from %s to %s",
918 			  type, p->icmp.icmp_code,
919 			  naddr_ntoa(from), naddr_ntoa(to));
920 		return 0;
921 	}
922 
923 	trace_rdisc(act, from, to, ifp, p, len);
924 
925 	if (ifp == NULL)
926 		trace_pkt("unknown interface for router-discovery %s"
927 			  " from %s to %s",
928 			  type, naddr_ntoa(from), naddr_ntoa(to));
929 
930 	return ifp;
931 }
932 
933 
934 /* read packets from the router discovery socket
935  */
936 void
937 read_d(void)
938 {
939 	static struct msg_limit bad_asize, bad_len;
940 #ifdef USE_PASSIFNAME
941 	static struct msg_limit  bad_name;
942 #endif
943 	struct sockaddr_in from;
944 	int n, fromlen, cc, hlen;
945 	struct {
946 #ifdef USE_PASSIFNAME
947 		char	ifname[IFNAMSIZ];
948 #endif
949 		union {
950 			struct ip ip;
951 			u_char	b[512];
952 		} pkt;
953 	} buf;
954 	union ad_u *p;
955 	n_long *wp;
956 	struct interface *ifp;
957 
958 
959 	for (;;) {
960 		fromlen = sizeof(from);
961 		cc = recvfrom(rdisc_sock, &buf, sizeof(buf), 0,
962 			      (struct sockaddr*)&from,
963 			      &fromlen);
964 		if (cc <= 0) {
965 			if (cc < 0 && errno != EWOULDBLOCK)
966 				LOGERR("recvfrom(rdisc_sock)");
967 			break;
968 		}
969 		if (fromlen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))
970 			logbad(1,"impossible recvfrom(rdisc_sock) fromlen=%d",
971 			       fromlen);
972 #ifdef USE_PASSIFNAME
973 		if ((cc -= sizeof(buf.ifname)) < 0)
974 			logbad(0,"missing USE_PASSIFNAME; only %d bytes",
975 			       cc+sizeof(buf.ifname));
976 #endif
977 
978 		hlen = buf.pkt.ip.ip_hl << 2;
979 		if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN)
980 			continue;
981 		p = (union ad_u *)&buf.pkt.b[hlen];
982 		cc -= hlen;
983 
984 #ifdef USE_PASSIFNAME
985 		ifp = ifwithname(buf.ifname, 0);
986 		if (ifp == NULL)
987 			msglim(&bad_name, from.sin_addr.s_addr,
988 			       "impossible rdisc if_ name %.*s",
989 			       IFNAMSIZ, buf.ifname);
990 #else
991 		/* If we could tell the interface on which a packet from
992 		 * address 0 arrived, we could deal with such solicitations.
993 		 */
994 		ifp = ((from.sin_addr.s_addr == 0)
995 		       ? 0 : iflookup(from.sin_addr.s_addr));
996 #endif
997 		ifp = ck_icmp("Recv", from.sin_addr.s_addr, ifp,
998 			      buf.pkt.ip.ip_dst.s_addr, p, cc);
999 		if (ifp == NULL)
1000 			continue;
1001 		if (ifwithaddr(from.sin_addr.s_addr, 0, 0)) {
1002 			trace_pkt("    "
1003 				  "discard our own Router Discovery message");
1004 			continue;
1005 		}
1006 
1007 		switch (p->icmp.icmp_type) {
1008 		case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1009 			if (p->ad.icmp_ad_asize*4
1010 			    < (int)sizeof(p->ad.icmp_ad_info[0])) {
1011 				msglim(&bad_asize, from.sin_addr.s_addr,
1012 				       "intolerable rdisc address size=%d",
1013 				       p->ad.icmp_ad_asize);
1014 				continue;
1015 			}
1016 			if (p->ad.icmp_ad_num == 0) {
1017 				trace_pkt("    empty?");
1018 				continue;
1019 			}
1020 			if (cc != (int)(sizeof(p->ad)
1021 					- sizeof(p->ad.icmp_ad_info)
1022 					+ (p->ad.icmp_ad_num
1023 					   * sizeof(p->ad.icmp_ad_info[0])))) {
1024 				msglim(&bad_len, from.sin_addr.s_addr,
1025 				       "rdisc length %d does not match ad_num"
1026 				       " %d", cc, p->ad.icmp_ad_num);
1027 				continue;
1028 			}
1029 			if (supplier)
1030 				continue;
1031 			if (ifp->int_state & IS_NO_ADV_IN)
1032 				continue;
1033 
1034 			wp = &p->ad.icmp_ad_info[0].icmp_ad_addr;
1035 			for (n = 0; n < p->ad.icmp_ad_num; n++) {
1036 				parse_ad(from.sin_addr.s_addr,
1037 					 wp[0], wp[1],
1038 					 ntohs(p->ad.icmp_ad_life),
1039 					 ifp);
1040 				wp += p->ad.icmp_ad_asize;
1041 			}
1042 			break;
1043 
1044 
1045 		case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1046 			if (!supplier)
1047 				continue;
1048 			if (ifp->int_state & IS_NO_ADV_OUT)
1049 				continue;
1050 			if (stopint)
1051 				continue;
1052 
1053 			/* XXX
1054 			 * We should handle messages from address 0.
1055 			 */
1056 
1057 			/* Respond with a point-to-point advertisement */
1058 			send_adv(ifp, from.sin_addr.s_addr, 0);
1059 			break;
1060 		}
1061 	}
1062 
1063 	rdisc_sort();
1064 }
1065