xref: /freebsd/sbin/routed/radix.c (revision ad30f8e79bd1007cc2476e491bd21b4f5e389e0a)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  *	@(#)radix.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 11/2/94
30  *
31  * $FreeBSD$
32  */
33 
34 /*
35  * Routines to build and maintain radix trees for routing lookups.
36  */
37 
38 #include "defs.h"
39 
40 #ifdef __NetBSD__
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD$");
42 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
43 __RCSID("$FreeBSD$");
44 #else
45 __RCSID("$Revision: 2.23 $");
46 #ident "$Revision: 2.23 $"
47 #endif
48 
49 #define log(x, msg) syslog(x, msg)
50 #define panic(s) {log(LOG_ERR,s); exit(1);}
51 #define min(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
52 
53 int	max_keylen;
54 static struct radix_mask *rn_mkfreelist;
55 static struct radix_node_head *mask_rnhead;
56 static char *addmask_key;
57 static const uint8_t normal_chars[] =
58     { 0, 0x80, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0xf8, 0xfc, 0xfe, 0xff};
59 static char *rn_zeros, *rn_ones;
60 
61 #define rn_masktop (mask_rnhead->rnh_treetop)
62 #define Bcmp(a, b, l) (l == 0 ? 0 \
63 		       : memcmp((caddr_t)(a), (caddr_t)(b), (size_t)l))
64 
65 static int rn_satisfies_leaf(char *, struct radix_node *, int);
66 static struct radix_node *rn_addmask(void *n_arg, int search, int skip);
67 static struct radix_node *rn_addroute(void *v_arg, void *n_arg,
68 	    struct radix_node_head *head, struct radix_node treenodes[2]);
69 static struct radix_node *rn_match(void *v_arg, struct radix_node_head *head);
70 
71 /*
72  * The data structure for the keys is a radix tree with one way
73  * branching removed.  The index rn_b at an internal node n represents a bit
74  * position to be tested.  The tree is arranged so that all descendants
75  * of a node n have keys whose bits all agree up to position rn_b - 1.
76  * (We say the index of n is rn_b.)
77  *
78  * There is at least one descendant which has a one bit at position rn_b,
79  * and at least one with a zero there.
80  *
81  * A route is determined by a pair of key and mask.  We require that the
82  * bit-wise logical and of the key and mask to be the key.
83  * We define the index of a route to associated with the mask to be
84  * the first bit number in the mask where 0 occurs (with bit number 0
85  * representing the highest order bit).
86  *
87  * We say a mask is normal if every bit is 0, past the index of the mask.
88  * If a node n has a descendant (k, m) with index(m) == index(n) == rn_b,
89  * and m is a normal mask, then the route applies to every descendant of n.
90  * If the index(m) < rn_b, this implies the trailing last few bits of k
91  * before bit b are all 0, (and hence consequently true of every descendant
92  * of n), so the route applies to all descendants of the node as well.
93  *
94  * Similar logic shows that a non-normal mask m such that
95  * index(m) <= index(n) could potentially apply to many children of n.
96  * Thus, for each non-host route, we attach its mask to a list at an internal
97  * node as high in the tree as we can go.
98  *
99  * The present version of the code makes use of normal routes in short-
100  * circuiting an explict mask and compare operation when testing whether
101  * a key satisfies a normal route, and also in remembering the unique leaf
102  * that governs a subtree.
103  */
104 
105 static struct radix_node *
106 rn_search(void *v_arg,
107 	  struct radix_node *head)
108 {
109 	struct radix_node *x;
110 	caddr_t v;
111 
112 	for (x = head, v = v_arg; x->rn_b >= 0;) {
113 		if (x->rn_bmask & v[x->rn_off])
114 			x = x->rn_r;
115 		else
116 			x = x->rn_l;
117 	}
118 	return (x);
119 }
120 
121 static struct radix_node *
122 rn_search_m(void *v_arg,
123 	    struct radix_node *head,
124 	    void *m_arg)
125 {
126 	struct radix_node *x;
127 	caddr_t v = v_arg, m = m_arg;
128 
129 	for (x = head; x->rn_b >= 0;) {
130 		if ((x->rn_bmask & m[x->rn_off]) &&
131 		    (x->rn_bmask & v[x->rn_off]))
132 			x = x->rn_r;
133 		else
134 			x = x->rn_l;
135 	}
136 	return x;
137 }
138 
139 static int
140 rn_refines(void* m_arg, void *n_arg)
141 {
142 	caddr_t m = m_arg, n = n_arg;
143 	caddr_t lim, lim2 = lim = n + *(u_char *)n;
144 	int longer = (*(u_char *)n++) - (int)(*(u_char *)m++);
145 	int masks_are_equal = 1;
146 
147 	if (longer > 0)
148 		lim -= longer;
149 	while (n < lim) {
150 		if (*n & ~(*m))
151 			return 0;
152 		if (*n++ != *m++)
153 			masks_are_equal = 0;
154 	}
155 	while (n < lim2)
156 		if (*n++)
157 			return 0;
158 	if (masks_are_equal && (longer < 0))
159 		for (lim2 = m - longer; m < lim2; )
160 			if (*m++)
161 				return 1;
162 	return (!masks_are_equal);
163 }
164 
165 static struct radix_node *
166 rn_lookup(void *v_arg, void *m_arg, struct radix_node_head *head)
167 {
168 	struct radix_node *x;
169 	caddr_t netmask = 0;
170 
171 	if (m_arg) {
172 		if ((x = rn_addmask(m_arg, 1, head->rnh_treetop->rn_off)) == 0)
173 			return (0);
174 		netmask = x->rn_key;
175 	}
176 	x = rn_match(v_arg, head);
177 	if (x && netmask) {
178 		while (x && x->rn_mask != netmask)
179 			x = x->rn_dupedkey;
180 	}
181 	return x;
182 }
183 
184 static int
185 rn_satisfies_leaf(char *trial,
186 		  struct radix_node *leaf,
187 		  int skip)
188 {
189 	char *cp = trial, *cp2 = leaf->rn_key, *cp3 = leaf->rn_mask;
190 	char *cplim;
191 	int length = min(*(u_char *)cp, *(u_char *)cp2);
192 
193 	if (cp3 == 0)
194 		cp3 = rn_ones;
195 	else
196 		length = min(length, *(u_char *)cp3);
197 	cplim = cp + length; cp3 += skip; cp2 += skip;
198 	for (cp += skip; cp < cplim; cp++, cp2++, cp3++)
199 		if ((*cp ^ *cp2) & *cp3)
200 			return 0;
201 	return 1;
202 }
203 
204 static struct radix_node *
205 rn_match(void *v_arg,
206 	 struct radix_node_head *head)
207 {
208 	caddr_t v = v_arg;
209 	struct radix_node *t = head->rnh_treetop, *x;
210 	caddr_t cp = v, cp2;
211 	caddr_t cplim;
212 	struct radix_node *saved_t, *top = t;
213 	int off = t->rn_off, vlen = *(u_char *)cp, matched_off;
214 	int test, b, rn_b;
215 
216 	/*
217 	 * Open code rn_search(v, top) to avoid overhead of extra
218 	 * subroutine call.
219 	 */
220 	for (; t->rn_b >= 0; ) {
221 		if (t->rn_bmask & cp[t->rn_off])
222 			t = t->rn_r;
223 		else
224 			t = t->rn_l;
225 	}
226 	/*
227 	 * See if we match exactly as a host destination
228 	 * or at least learn how many bits match, for normal mask finesse.
229 	 *
230 	 * It doesn't hurt us to limit how many bytes to check
231 	 * to the length of the mask, since if it matches we had a genuine
232 	 * match and the leaf we have is the most specific one anyway;
233 	 * if it didn't match with a shorter length it would fail
234 	 * with a long one.  This wins big for class B&C netmasks which
235 	 * are probably the most common case...
236 	 */
237 	if (t->rn_mask)
238 		vlen = *(u_char *)t->rn_mask;
239 	cp += off; cp2 = t->rn_key + off; cplim = v + vlen;
240 	for (; cp < cplim; cp++, cp2++)
241 		if (*cp != *cp2)
242 			goto on1;
243 	/*
244 	 * This extra grot is in case we are explicitly asked
245 	 * to look up the default.  Ugh!
246 	 * Or 255.255.255.255
247 	 *
248 	 * In this case, we have a complete match of the key.  Unless
249 	 * the node is one of the roots, we are finished.
250 	 * If it is the zeros root, then take what we have, prefering
251 	 * any real data.
252 	 * If it is the ones root, then pretend the target key was followed
253 	 * by a byte of zeros.
254 	 */
255 	if (!(t->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT))
256 		return t;		/* not a root */
257 	if (t->rn_dupedkey) {
258 		t = t->rn_dupedkey;
259 		return t;		/* have some real data */
260 	}
261 	if (*(cp-1) == 0)
262 		return t;		/* not the ones root */
263 	b = 0;				/* fake a zero after 255.255.255.255 */
264 	goto on2;
265 on1:
266 	test = (*cp ^ *cp2) & 0xff; /* find first bit that differs */
267 	for (b = 7; (test >>= 1) > 0;)
268 		b--;
269 on2:
270 	matched_off = cp - v;
271 	b += matched_off << 3;
272 	rn_b = -1 - b;
273 	/*
274 	 * If there is a host route in a duped-key chain, it will be first.
275 	 */
276 	if ((saved_t = t)->rn_mask == 0)
277 		t = t->rn_dupedkey;
278 	for (; t; t = t->rn_dupedkey) {
279 		/*
280 		 * Even if we don't match exactly as a host,
281 		 * we may match if the leaf we wound up at is
282 		 * a route to a net.
283 		 */
284 		if (t->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
285 			if (rn_b <= t->rn_b)
286 				return t;
287 		} else if (rn_satisfies_leaf(v, t, matched_off)) {
288 			return t;
289 		}
290 	}
291 	t = saved_t;
292 	/* start searching up the tree */
293 	do {
294 		struct radix_mask *m;
295 		t = t->rn_p;
296 		if ((m = t->rn_mklist)) {
297 			/*
298 			 * If non-contiguous masks ever become important
299 			 * we can restore the masking and open coding of
300 			 * the search and satisfaction test and put the
301 			 * calculation of "off" back before the "do".
302 			 */
303 			do {
304 				if (m->rm_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
305 					if (rn_b <= m->rm_b)
306 						return (m->rm_leaf);
307 				} else {
308 					off = min(t->rn_off, matched_off);
309 					x = rn_search_m(v, t, m->rm_mask);
310 					while (x && x->rn_mask != m->rm_mask)
311 						x = x->rn_dupedkey;
312 					if (x && rn_satisfies_leaf(v, x, off))
313 						    return x;
314 				}
315 			} while ((m = m->rm_mklist));
316 		}
317 	} while (t != top);
318 	return 0;
319 }
320 
321 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
322 int	rn_nodenum;
323 struct	radix_node *rn_clist;
324 int	rn_saveinfo;
325 int	rn_debug =  1;
326 #endif
327 
328 static struct radix_node *
329 rn_newpair(void *v, int b, struct radix_node nodes[2])
330 {
331 	struct radix_node *tt = nodes, *t = tt + 1;
332 	t->rn_b = b; t->rn_bmask = 0x80 >> (b & 7);
333 	t->rn_l = tt; t->rn_off = b >> 3;
334 	tt->rn_b = -1; tt->rn_key = (caddr_t)v; tt->rn_p = t;
335 	tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags = RNF_ACTIVE;
336 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
337 	tt->rn_info = rn_nodenum++; t->rn_info = rn_nodenum++;
338 	tt->rn_twin = t; tt->rn_ybro = rn_clist; rn_clist = tt;
339 #endif
340 	return t;
341 }
342 
343 static struct radix_node *
344 rn_insert(void* v_arg,
345 	  struct radix_node_head *head,
346 	  int *dupentry,
347 	  struct radix_node nodes[2])
348 {
349 	caddr_t v = v_arg;
350 	struct radix_node *top = head->rnh_treetop;
351 	int head_off = top->rn_off, vlen = (int)*((u_char *)v);
352 	struct radix_node *t = rn_search(v_arg, top);
353 	caddr_t cp = v + head_off;
354 	int b;
355 	struct radix_node *tt;
356 
357 	/*
358 	 * Find first bit at which v and t->rn_key differ
359 	 */
360     {
361 		caddr_t cp2 = t->rn_key + head_off;
362 		int cmp_res;
363 	caddr_t cplim = v + vlen;
364 
365 	while (cp < cplim)
366 		if (*cp2++ != *cp++)
367 			goto on1;
368 	/* handle adding 255.255.255.255 */
369 	if (!(t->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) || *(cp2-1) == 0) {
370 		*dupentry = 1;
371 		return t;
372 	}
373 on1:
374 	*dupentry = 0;
375 	cmp_res = (cp[-1] ^ cp2[-1]) & 0xff;
376 	for (b = (cp - v) << 3; cmp_res; b--)
377 		cmp_res >>= 1;
378     }
379     {
380 	    struct radix_node *p, *x = top;
381 	cp = v;
382 	do {
383 		p = x;
384 		if (cp[x->rn_off] & x->rn_bmask)
385 			x = x->rn_r;
386 		else x = x->rn_l;
387 	} while ((unsigned)b > (unsigned)x->rn_b);
388 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
389 	if (rn_debug)
390 		log(LOG_DEBUG, "rn_insert: Going In:\n"), traverse(p);
391 #endif
392 	t = rn_newpair(v_arg, b, nodes); tt = t->rn_l;
393 	if ((cp[p->rn_off] & p->rn_bmask) == 0)
394 		p->rn_l = t;
395 	else
396 		p->rn_r = t;
397 	x->rn_p = t; t->rn_p = p; /* frees x, p as temp vars below */
398 	if ((cp[t->rn_off] & t->rn_bmask) == 0) {
399 		t->rn_r = x;
400 	} else {
401 		t->rn_r = tt; t->rn_l = x;
402 	}
403 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
404 	if (rn_debug)
405 		log(LOG_DEBUG, "rn_insert: Coming Out:\n"), traverse(p);
406 #endif
407     }
408 	return (tt);
409 }
410 
411 static struct radix_node *
412 rn_addmask(void *n_arg, int search, int skip)
413 {
414 	caddr_t netmask = (caddr_t)n_arg;
415 	struct radix_node *x;
416 	caddr_t cp, cplim;
417 	int b = 0, mlen, j;
418 	int maskduplicated, m0, isnormal;
419 	struct radix_node *saved_x;
420 	static int last_zeroed = 0;
421 
422 	if ((mlen = *(u_char *)netmask) > max_keylen)
423 		mlen = max_keylen;
424 	if (skip == 0)
425 		skip = 1;
426 	if (mlen <= skip)
427 		return (mask_rnhead->rnh_nodes);
428 	if (skip > 1)
429 		Bcopy(rn_ones + 1, addmask_key + 1, skip - 1);
430 	if ((m0 = mlen) > skip)
431 		Bcopy(netmask + skip, addmask_key + skip, mlen - skip);
432 	/*
433 	 * Trim trailing zeroes.
434 	 */
435 	for (cp = addmask_key + mlen; (cp > addmask_key) && cp[-1] == 0;)
436 		cp--;
437 	mlen = cp - addmask_key;
438 	if (mlen <= skip) {
439 		if (m0 >= last_zeroed)
440 			last_zeroed = mlen;
441 		return (mask_rnhead->rnh_nodes);
442 	}
443 	if (m0 < last_zeroed)
444 		Bzero(addmask_key + m0, last_zeroed - m0);
445 	*addmask_key = last_zeroed = mlen;
446 	x = rn_search(addmask_key, rn_masktop);
447 	if (Bcmp(addmask_key, x->rn_key, mlen) != 0)
448 		x = 0;
449 	if (x || search)
450 		return (x);
451 	x = (struct radix_node *)rtmalloc(max_keylen + 2*sizeof(*x),
452 					  "rn_addmask");
453 	saved_x = x;
454 	Bzero(x, max_keylen + 2 * sizeof (*x));
455 	netmask = cp = (caddr_t)(x + 2);
456 	Bcopy(addmask_key, cp, mlen);
457 	x = rn_insert(cp, mask_rnhead, &maskduplicated, x);
458 	if (maskduplicated) {
459 		log(LOG_ERR, "rn_addmask: mask impossibly already in tree");
460 		Free(saved_x);
461 		return (x);
462 	}
463 	/*
464 	 * Calculate index of mask, and check for normalcy.
465 	 */
466 	cplim = netmask + mlen; isnormal = 1;
467 	for (cp = netmask + skip; (cp < cplim) && *(u_char *)cp == 0xff;)
468 		cp++;
469 	if (cp != cplim) {
470 		for (j = 0x80; (j & *cp) != 0; j >>= 1)
471 			b++;
472 		if (*cp != normal_chars[b] || cp != (cplim - 1))
473 			isnormal = 0;
474 	}
475 	b += (cp - netmask) << 3;
476 	x->rn_b = -1 - b;
477 	if (isnormal)
478 		x->rn_flags |= RNF_NORMAL;
479 	return (x);
480 }
481 
482 static int	/* XXX: arbitrary ordering for non-contiguous masks */
483 rn_lexobetter(void *m_arg, void *n_arg)
484 {
485 	u_char *mp = m_arg, *np = n_arg, *lim;
486 
487 	if (*mp > *np)
488 		return 1;  /* not really, but need to check longer one first */
489 	if (*mp == *np)
490 		for (lim = mp + *mp; mp < lim;)
491 			if (*mp++ > *np++)
492 				return 1;
493 	return 0;
494 }
495 
496 static struct radix_mask *
497 rn_new_radix_mask(struct radix_node *tt,
498 		  struct radix_mask *next)
499 {
500 	struct radix_mask *m;
501 
502 	MKGet(m);
503 	if (m == 0) {
504 		log(LOG_ERR, "Mask for route not entered\n");
505 		return (0);
506 	}
507 	Bzero(m, sizeof *m);
508 	m->rm_b = tt->rn_b;
509 	m->rm_flags = tt->rn_flags;
510 	if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL)
511 		m->rm_leaf = tt;
512 	else
513 		m->rm_mask = tt->rn_mask;
514 	m->rm_mklist = next;
515 	tt->rn_mklist = m;
516 	return m;
517 }
518 
519 static struct radix_node *
520 rn_addroute(void *v_arg,
521 	    void *n_arg,
522 	    struct radix_node_head *head,
523 	    struct radix_node treenodes[2])
524 {
525 	caddr_t v = (caddr_t)v_arg, netmask = (caddr_t)n_arg;
526 	struct radix_node *t, *x = 0, *tt;
527 	struct radix_node *saved_tt, *top = head->rnh_treetop;
528 	short b = 0, b_leaf = 0;
529 	int keyduplicated;
530 	caddr_t mmask;
531 	struct radix_mask *m, **mp;
532 
533 	/*
534 	 * In dealing with non-contiguous masks, there may be
535 	 * many different routes which have the same mask.
536 	 * We will find it useful to have a unique pointer to
537 	 * the mask to speed avoiding duplicate references at
538 	 * nodes and possibly save time in calculating indices.
539 	 */
540 	if (netmask)  {
541 		if ((x = rn_addmask(netmask, 0, top->rn_off)) == 0)
542 			return (0);
543 		b_leaf = x->rn_b;
544 		b = -1 - x->rn_b;
545 		netmask = x->rn_key;
546 	}
547 	/*
548 	 * Deal with duplicated keys: attach node to previous instance
549 	 */
550 	saved_tt = tt = rn_insert(v, head, &keyduplicated, treenodes);
551 	if (keyduplicated) {
552 		for (t = tt; tt; t = tt, tt = tt->rn_dupedkey) {
553 			if (tt->rn_mask == netmask)
554 				return (0);
555 			if (netmask == 0 ||
556 			    (tt->rn_mask &&
557 			     ((b_leaf < tt->rn_b) || /* index(netmask) > node */
558 			       rn_refines(netmask, tt->rn_mask) ||
559 			       rn_lexobetter(netmask, tt->rn_mask))))
560 				break;
561 		}
562 		/*
563 		 * If the mask is not duplicated, we wouldn't
564 		 * find it among possible duplicate key entries
565 		 * anyway, so the above test doesn't hurt.
566 		 *
567 		 * We sort the masks for a duplicated key the same way as
568 		 * in a masklist -- most specific to least specific.
569 		 * This may require the unfortunate nuisance of relocating
570 		 * the head of the list.
571 		 */
572 		if (tt == saved_tt) {
573 			struct	radix_node *xx = x;
574 			/* link in at head of list */
575 			(tt = treenodes)->rn_dupedkey = t;
576 			tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags;
577 			tt->rn_p = x = t->rn_p;
578 			if (x->rn_l == t) x->rn_l = tt; else x->rn_r = tt;
579 			saved_tt = tt; x = xx;
580 		} else {
581 			(tt = treenodes)->rn_dupedkey = t->rn_dupedkey;
582 			t->rn_dupedkey = tt;
583 		}
584 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
585 		t=tt+1; tt->rn_info = rn_nodenum++; t->rn_info = rn_nodenum++;
586 		tt->rn_twin = t; tt->rn_ybro = rn_clist; rn_clist = tt;
587 #endif
588 		tt->rn_key = (caddr_t) v;
589 		tt->rn_b = -1;
590 		tt->rn_flags = RNF_ACTIVE;
591 	}
592 	/*
593 	 * Put mask in tree.
594 	 */
595 	if (netmask) {
596 		tt->rn_mask = netmask;
597 		tt->rn_b = x->rn_b;
598 		tt->rn_flags |= x->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL;
599 	}
600 	t = saved_tt->rn_p;
601 	if (keyduplicated)
602 		goto on2;
603 	b_leaf = -1 - t->rn_b;
604 	if (t->rn_r == saved_tt) x = t->rn_l; else x = t->rn_r;
605 	/* Promote general routes from below */
606 	if (x->rn_b < 0) {
607 	    for (mp = &t->rn_mklist; x; x = x->rn_dupedkey)
608 		if (x->rn_mask && (x->rn_b >= b_leaf) && x->rn_mklist == 0) {
609 			if ((*mp = m = rn_new_radix_mask(x, 0)))
610 				mp = &m->rm_mklist;
611 		}
612 	} else if (x->rn_mklist) {
613 		/*
614 		 * Skip over masks whose index is > that of new node
615 		 */
616 		for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; (m = *mp); mp = &m->rm_mklist)
617 			if (m->rm_b >= b_leaf)
618 				break;
619 		t->rn_mklist = m; *mp = 0;
620 	}
621 on2:
622 	/* Add new route to highest possible ancestor's list */
623 	if ((netmask == 0) || (b > t->rn_b ))
624 		return tt; /* can't lift at all */
625 	b_leaf = tt->rn_b;
626 	do {
627 		x = t;
628 		t = t->rn_p;
629 	} while (b <= t->rn_b && x != top);
630 	/*
631 	 * Search through routes associated with node to
632 	 * insert new route according to index.
633 	 * Need same criteria as when sorting dupedkeys to avoid
634 	 * double loop on deletion.
635 	 */
636 	for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; (m = *mp); mp = &m->rm_mklist) {
637 		if (m->rm_b < b_leaf)
638 			continue;
639 		if (m->rm_b > b_leaf)
640 			break;
641 		if (m->rm_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
642 			mmask = m->rm_leaf->rn_mask;
643 			if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
644 				log(LOG_ERR,
645 				   "Non-unique normal route, mask not entered");
646 				return tt;
647 			}
648 		} else
649 			mmask = m->rm_mask;
650 		if (mmask == netmask) {
651 			m->rm_refs++;
652 			tt->rn_mklist = m;
653 			return tt;
654 		}
655 		if (rn_refines(netmask, mmask) || rn_lexobetter(netmask, mmask))
656 			break;
657 	}
658 	*mp = rn_new_radix_mask(tt, *mp);
659 	return tt;
660 }
661 
662 static struct radix_node *
663 rn_delete(void *v_arg,
664 	  void *netmask_arg,
665 	  struct radix_node_head *head)
666 {
667 	struct radix_node *t, *p, *x, *tt;
668 	struct radix_mask *m, *saved_m, **mp;
669 	struct radix_node *dupedkey, *saved_tt, *top;
670 	caddr_t v, netmask;
671 	int b, head_off, vlen;
672 
673 	v = v_arg;
674 	netmask = netmask_arg;
675 	x = head->rnh_treetop;
676 	tt = rn_search(v, x);
677 	head_off = x->rn_off;
678 	vlen =  *(u_char *)v;
679 	saved_tt = tt;
680 	top = x;
681 	if (tt == 0 ||
682 	    Bcmp(v + head_off, tt->rn_key + head_off, vlen - head_off))
683 		return (0);
684 	/*
685 	 * Delete our route from mask lists.
686 	 */
687 	if (netmask) {
688 		if ((x = rn_addmask(netmask, 1, head_off)) == 0)
689 			return (0);
690 		netmask = x->rn_key;
691 		while (tt->rn_mask != netmask)
692 			if ((tt = tt->rn_dupedkey) == 0)
693 				return (0);
694 	}
695 	if (tt->rn_mask == 0 || (saved_m = m = tt->rn_mklist) == 0)
696 		goto on1;
697 	if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
698 		if (m->rm_leaf != tt || m->rm_refs > 0) {
699 			log(LOG_ERR, "rn_delete: inconsistent annotation\n");
700 			return 0;  /* dangling ref could cause disaster */
701 		}
702 	} else {
703 		if (m->rm_mask != tt->rn_mask) {
704 			log(LOG_ERR, "rn_delete: inconsistent annotation\n");
705 			goto on1;
706 		}
707 		if (--m->rm_refs >= 0)
708 			goto on1;
709 	}
710 	b = -1 - tt->rn_b;
711 	t = saved_tt->rn_p;
712 	if (b > t->rn_b)
713 		goto on1; /* Wasn't lifted at all */
714 	do {
715 		x = t;
716 		t = t->rn_p;
717 	} while (b <= t->rn_b && x != top);
718 	for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; (m = *mp); mp = &m->rm_mklist)
719 		if (m == saved_m) {
720 			*mp = m->rm_mklist;
721 			MKFree(m);
722 			break;
723 		}
724 	if (m == 0) {
725 		log(LOG_ERR, "rn_delete: couldn't find our annotation\n");
726 		if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL)
727 			return (0); /* Dangling ref to us */
728 	}
729 on1:
730 	/*
731 	 * Eliminate us from tree
732 	 */
733 	if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT)
734 		return (0);
735 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
736 	/* Get us out of the creation list */
737 	for (t = rn_clist; t && t->rn_ybro != tt; t = t->rn_ybro) {}
738 	if (t) t->rn_ybro = tt->rn_ybro;
739 #endif
740 	t = tt->rn_p;
741 	if ((dupedkey = saved_tt->rn_dupedkey)) {
742 		if (tt == saved_tt) {
743 			x = dupedkey; x->rn_p = t;
744 			if (t->rn_l == tt) t->rn_l = x; else t->rn_r = x;
745 		} else {
746 			for (x = p = saved_tt; p && p->rn_dupedkey != tt;)
747 				p = p->rn_dupedkey;
748 			if (p) p->rn_dupedkey = tt->rn_dupedkey;
749 			else log(LOG_ERR, "rn_delete: couldn't find us\n");
750 		}
751 		t = tt + 1;
752 		if  (t->rn_flags & RNF_ACTIVE) {
753 #ifndef RN_DEBUG
754 			*++x = *t; p = t->rn_p;
755 #else
756 			b = t->rn_info; *++x = *t; t->rn_info = b; p = t->rn_p;
757 #endif
758 			if (p->rn_l == t) p->rn_l = x; else p->rn_r = x;
759 			x->rn_l->rn_p = x; x->rn_r->rn_p = x;
760 		}
761 		goto out;
762 	}
763 	if (t->rn_l == tt) x = t->rn_r; else x = t->rn_l;
764 	p = t->rn_p;
765 	if (p->rn_r == t) p->rn_r = x; else p->rn_l = x;
766 	x->rn_p = p;
767 	/*
768 	 * Demote routes attached to us.
769 	 */
770 	if (t->rn_mklist) {
771 		if (x->rn_b >= 0) {
772 			for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; (m = *mp);)
773 				mp = &m->rm_mklist;
774 			*mp = t->rn_mklist;
775 		} else {
776 			/* If there are any key,mask pairs in a sibling
777 			   duped-key chain, some subset will appear sorted
778 			   in the same order attached to our mklist */
779 			for (m = t->rn_mklist; m && x; x = x->rn_dupedkey)
780 				if (m == x->rn_mklist) {
781 					struct radix_mask *mm = m->rm_mklist;
782 					x->rn_mklist = 0;
783 					if (--(m->rm_refs) < 0)
784 						MKFree(m);
785 					m = mm;
786 				}
787 			if (m)
788 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s 0x%lx at 0x%lx\n",
789 				       "rn_delete: Orphaned Mask",
790 				       (unsigned long)m,
791 				       (unsigned long)x);
792 		}
793 	}
794 	/*
795 	 * We may be holding an active internal node in the tree.
796 	 */
797 	x = tt + 1;
798 	if (t != x) {
799 #ifndef RN_DEBUG
800 		*t = *x;
801 #else
802 		b = t->rn_info; *t = *x; t->rn_info = b;
803 #endif
804 		t->rn_l->rn_p = t; t->rn_r->rn_p = t;
805 		p = x->rn_p;
806 		if (p->rn_l == x) p->rn_l = t; else p->rn_r = t;
807 	}
808 out:
809 	tt->rn_flags &= ~RNF_ACTIVE;
810 	tt[1].rn_flags &= ~RNF_ACTIVE;
811 	return (tt);
812 }
813 
814 int
815 rn_walktree(struct radix_node_head *h,
816 	    int (*f)(struct radix_node *, struct walkarg *),
817 	    struct walkarg *w)
818 {
819 	int error;
820 	struct radix_node *base, *next;
821 	struct radix_node *rn = h->rnh_treetop;
822 	/*
823 	 * This gets complicated because we may delete the node
824 	 * while applying the function f to it, so we need to calculate
825 	 * the successor node in advance.
826 	 */
827 	/* First time through node, go left */
828 	while (rn->rn_b >= 0)
829 		rn = rn->rn_l;
830 	for (;;) {
831 		base = rn;
832 		/* If at right child go back up, otherwise, go right */
833 		while (rn->rn_p->rn_r == rn && (rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) == 0)
834 			rn = rn->rn_p;
835 		/* Find the next *leaf* since next node might vanish, too */
836 		for (rn = rn->rn_p->rn_r; rn->rn_b >= 0;)
837 			rn = rn->rn_l;
838 		next = rn;
839 		/* Process leaves */
840 		while ((rn = base)) {
841 			base = rn->rn_dupedkey;
842 			if (!(rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) && (error = (*f)(rn, w)))
843 				return (error);
844 		}
845 		rn = next;
846 		if (rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT)
847 			return (0);
848 	}
849 	/* NOTREACHED */
850 }
851 
852 int
853 rn_inithead(struct radix_node_head **head, int off)
854 {
855 	struct radix_node_head *rnh;
856 	struct radix_node *t, *tt, *ttt;
857 	if (*head)
858 		return (1);
859 	rnh = (struct radix_node_head *)rtmalloc(sizeof(*rnh), "rn_inithead");
860 	Bzero(rnh, sizeof (*rnh));
861 	*head = rnh;
862 	t = rn_newpair(rn_zeros, off, rnh->rnh_nodes);
863 	ttt = rnh->rnh_nodes + 2;
864 	t->rn_r = ttt;
865 	t->rn_p = t;
866 	tt = t->rn_l;
867 	tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags = RNF_ROOT | RNF_ACTIVE;
868 	tt->rn_b = -1 - off;
869 	*ttt = *tt;
870 	ttt->rn_key = rn_ones;
871 	rnh->rnh_addaddr = rn_addroute;
872 	rnh->rnh_deladdr = rn_delete;
873 	rnh->rnh_matchaddr = rn_match;
874 	rnh->rnh_lookup = rn_lookup;
875 	rnh->rnh_walktree = rn_walktree;
876 	rnh->rnh_treetop = t;
877 	return (1);
878 }
879 
880 void
881 rn_init(void)
882 {
883 	char *cp, *cplim;
884 	if (max_keylen == 0) {
885 		printf("rn_init: radix functions require max_keylen be set\n");
886 		return;
887 	}
888 	rn_zeros = (char *)rtmalloc(3 * max_keylen, "rn_init");
889 	Bzero(rn_zeros, 3 * max_keylen);
890 	rn_ones = cp = rn_zeros + max_keylen;
891 	addmask_key = cplim = rn_ones + max_keylen;
892 	while (cp < cplim)
893 		*cp++ = -1;
894 	if (rn_inithead(&mask_rnhead, 0) == 0)
895 		panic("rn_init 2");
896 }
897 
898