xref: /freebsd/sbin/routed/radix.c (revision 3fc36ee018bb836bd1796067cf4ef8683f166ebc)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  *	@(#)radix.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 11/2/94
30  *
31  * $FreeBSD$
32  */
33 
34 /*
35  * Routines to build and maintain radix trees for routing lookups.
36  */
37 
38 #include "defs.h"
39 
40 #ifdef __NetBSD__
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD$");
42 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
43 __RCSID("$FreeBSD$");
44 #else
45 __RCSID("$Revision: 2.23 $");
46 #ident "$Revision: 2.23 $"
47 #endif
48 
49 #define log(x, msg) syslog(x, msg)
50 #define panic(s) {log(LOG_ERR,s); exit(1);}
51 #define min(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
52 
53 int	max_keylen;
54 static struct radix_mask *rn_mkfreelist;
55 static struct radix_node_head *mask_rnhead;
56 static char *addmask_key;
57 static const uint8_t normal_chars[] =
58     { 0, 0x80, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0xf8, 0xfc, 0xfe, 0xff};
59 static char *rn_zeros, *rn_ones;
60 
61 #define rn_masktop (mask_rnhead->rnh_treetop)
62 #define Bcmp(a, b, l) (l == 0 ? 0 \
63 		       : memcmp((caddr_t)(a), (caddr_t)(b), (size_t)l))
64 
65 static int rn_satisfies_leaf(char *, struct radix_node *, int);
66 static struct radix_node *rn_addmask(void *n_arg, int search, int skip);
67 static struct radix_node *rn_addroute(void *v_arg, void *n_arg,
68 	    struct radix_node_head *head, struct radix_node treenodes[2]);
69 static struct radix_node *rn_match(void *v_arg, struct radix_node_head *head);
70 
71 /*
72  * The data structure for the keys is a radix tree with one way
73  * branching removed.  The index rn_b at an internal node n represents a bit
74  * position to be tested.  The tree is arranged so that all descendants
75  * of a node n have keys whose bits all agree up to position rn_b - 1.
76  * (We say the index of n is rn_b.)
77  *
78  * There is at least one descendant which has a one bit at position rn_b,
79  * and at least one with a zero there.
80  *
81  * A route is determined by a pair of key and mask.  We require that the
82  * bit-wise logical and of the key and mask to be the key.
83  * We define the index of a route to associated with the mask to be
84  * the first bit number in the mask where 0 occurs (with bit number 0
85  * representing the highest order bit).
86  *
87  * We say a mask is normal if every bit is 0, past the index of the mask.
88  * If a node n has a descendant (k, m) with index(m) == index(n) == rn_b,
89  * and m is a normal mask, then the route applies to every descendant of n.
90  * If the index(m) < rn_b, this implies the trailing last few bits of k
91  * before bit b are all 0, (and hence consequently true of every descendant
92  * of n), so the route applies to all descendants of the node as well.
93  *
94  * Similar logic shows that a non-normal mask m such that
95  * index(m) <= index(n) could potentially apply to many children of n.
96  * Thus, for each non-host route, we attach its mask to a list at an internal
97  * node as high in the tree as we can go.
98  *
99  * The present version of the code makes use of normal routes in short-
100  * circuiting an explicit mask and compare operation when testing whether
101  * a key satisfies a normal route, and also in remembering the unique leaf
102  * that governs a subtree.
103  */
104 
105 static struct radix_node *
106 rn_search(void *v_arg,
107 	  struct radix_node *head)
108 {
109 	struct radix_node *x;
110 	caddr_t v;
111 
112 	for (x = head, v = v_arg; x->rn_b >= 0;) {
113 		if (x->rn_bmask & v[x->rn_off])
114 			x = x->rn_r;
115 		else
116 			x = x->rn_l;
117 	}
118 	return (x);
119 }
120 
121 static struct radix_node *
122 rn_search_m(void *v_arg,
123 	    struct radix_node *head,
124 	    void *m_arg)
125 {
126 	struct radix_node *x;
127 	caddr_t v = v_arg, m = m_arg;
128 
129 	for (x = head; x->rn_b >= 0;) {
130 		if ((x->rn_bmask & m[x->rn_off]) &&
131 		    (x->rn_bmask & v[x->rn_off]))
132 			x = x->rn_r;
133 		else
134 			x = x->rn_l;
135 	}
136 	return x;
137 }
138 
139 static int
140 rn_refines(void* m_arg, void *n_arg)
141 {
142 	caddr_t m = m_arg, n = n_arg;
143 	caddr_t lim, lim2 = lim = n + *(u_char *)n;
144 	int longer = (*(u_char *)n++) - (int)(*(u_char *)m++);
145 	int masks_are_equal = 1;
146 
147 	if (longer > 0)
148 		lim -= longer;
149 	while (n < lim) {
150 		if (*n & ~(*m))
151 			return 0;
152 		if (*n++ != *m++)
153 			masks_are_equal = 0;
154 	}
155 	while (n < lim2)
156 		if (*n++)
157 			return 0;
158 	if (masks_are_equal && (longer < 0))
159 		for (lim2 = m - longer; m < lim2; )
160 			if (*m++)
161 				return 1;
162 	return (!masks_are_equal);
163 }
164 
165 static struct radix_node *
166 rn_lookup(void *v_arg, void *m_arg, struct radix_node_head *head)
167 {
168 	struct radix_node *x;
169 	caddr_t netmask = 0;
170 
171 	if (m_arg) {
172 		if ((x = rn_addmask(m_arg, 1,
173 		    head->rnh_treetop->rn_off)) == NULL)
174 			return (0);
175 		netmask = x->rn_key;
176 	}
177 	x = rn_match(v_arg, head);
178 	if (x && netmask) {
179 		while (x && x->rn_mask != netmask)
180 			x = x->rn_dupedkey;
181 	}
182 	return x;
183 }
184 
185 static int
186 rn_satisfies_leaf(char *trial,
187 		  struct radix_node *leaf,
188 		  int skip)
189 {
190 	char *cp = trial, *cp2 = leaf->rn_key, *cp3 = leaf->rn_mask;
191 	char *cplim;
192 	int length = min(*(u_char *)cp, *(u_char *)cp2);
193 
194 	if (cp3 == NULL)
195 		cp3 = rn_ones;
196 	else
197 		length = min(length, *(u_char *)cp3);
198 	cplim = cp + length; cp3 += skip; cp2 += skip;
199 	for (cp += skip; cp < cplim; cp++, cp2++, cp3++)
200 		if ((*cp ^ *cp2) & *cp3)
201 			return 0;
202 	return 1;
203 }
204 
205 static struct radix_node *
206 rn_match(void *v_arg,
207 	 struct radix_node_head *head)
208 {
209 	caddr_t v = v_arg;
210 	struct radix_node *t = head->rnh_treetop, *x;
211 	caddr_t cp = v, cp2;
212 	caddr_t cplim;
213 	struct radix_node *saved_t, *top = t;
214 	int off = t->rn_off, vlen = *(u_char *)cp, matched_off;
215 	int test, b, rn_b;
216 
217 	/*
218 	 * Open code rn_search(v, top) to avoid overhead of extra
219 	 * subroutine call.
220 	 */
221 	for (; t->rn_b >= 0; ) {
222 		if (t->rn_bmask & cp[t->rn_off])
223 			t = t->rn_r;
224 		else
225 			t = t->rn_l;
226 	}
227 	/*
228 	 * See if we match exactly as a host destination
229 	 * or at least learn how many bits match, for normal mask finesse.
230 	 *
231 	 * It doesn't hurt us to limit how many bytes to check
232 	 * to the length of the mask, since if it matches we had a genuine
233 	 * match and the leaf we have is the most specific one anyway;
234 	 * if it didn't match with a shorter length it would fail
235 	 * with a long one.  This wins big for class B&C netmasks which
236 	 * are probably the most common case...
237 	 */
238 	if (t->rn_mask)
239 		vlen = *(u_char *)t->rn_mask;
240 	cp += off; cp2 = t->rn_key + off; cplim = v + vlen;
241 	for (; cp < cplim; cp++, cp2++)
242 		if (*cp != *cp2)
243 			goto on1;
244 	/*
245 	 * This extra grot is in case we are explicitly asked
246 	 * to look up the default.  Ugh!
247 	 * Or 255.255.255.255
248 	 *
249 	 * In this case, we have a complete match of the key.  Unless
250 	 * the node is one of the roots, we are finished.
251 	 * If it is the zeros root, then take what we have, preferring
252 	 * any real data.
253 	 * If it is the ones root, then pretend the target key was followed
254 	 * by a byte of zeros.
255 	 */
256 	if (!(t->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT))
257 		return t;		/* not a root */
258 	if (t->rn_dupedkey) {
259 		t = t->rn_dupedkey;
260 		return t;		/* have some real data */
261 	}
262 	if (*(cp-1) == 0)
263 		return t;		/* not the ones root */
264 	b = 0;				/* fake a zero after 255.255.255.255 */
265 	goto on2;
266 on1:
267 	test = (*cp ^ *cp2) & 0xff; /* find first bit that differs */
268 	for (b = 7; (test >>= 1) > 0;)
269 		b--;
270 on2:
271 	matched_off = cp - v;
272 	b += matched_off << 3;
273 	rn_b = -1 - b;
274 	/*
275 	 * If there is a host route in a duped-key chain, it will be first.
276 	 */
277 	if ((saved_t = t)->rn_mask == 0)
278 		t = t->rn_dupedkey;
279 	for (; t; t = t->rn_dupedkey) {
280 		/*
281 		 * Even if we don't match exactly as a host,
282 		 * we may match if the leaf we wound up at is
283 		 * a route to a net.
284 		 */
285 		if (t->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
286 			if (rn_b <= t->rn_b)
287 				return t;
288 		} else if (rn_satisfies_leaf(v, t, matched_off)) {
289 			return t;
290 		}
291 	}
292 	t = saved_t;
293 	/* start searching up the tree */
294 	do {
295 		struct radix_mask *m;
296 		t = t->rn_p;
297 		if ((m = t->rn_mklist)) {
298 			/*
299 			 * If non-contiguous masks ever become important
300 			 * we can restore the masking and open coding of
301 			 * the search and satisfaction test and put the
302 			 * calculation of "off" back before the "do".
303 			 */
304 			do {
305 				if (m->rm_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
306 					if (rn_b <= m->rm_b)
307 						return (m->rm_leaf);
308 				} else {
309 					off = min(t->rn_off, matched_off);
310 					x = rn_search_m(v, t, m->rm_mask);
311 					while (x && x->rn_mask != m->rm_mask)
312 						x = x->rn_dupedkey;
313 					if (x && rn_satisfies_leaf(v, x, off))
314 						    return x;
315 				}
316 			} while ((m = m->rm_mklist));
317 		}
318 	} while (t != top);
319 	return 0;
320 }
321 
322 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
323 int	rn_nodenum;
324 struct	radix_node *rn_clist;
325 int	rn_saveinfo;
326 int	rn_debug =  1;
327 #endif
328 
329 static struct radix_node *
330 rn_newpair(void *v, int b, struct radix_node nodes[2])
331 {
332 	struct radix_node *tt = nodes, *t = tt + 1;
333 	t->rn_b = b; t->rn_bmask = 0x80 >> (b & 7);
334 	t->rn_l = tt; t->rn_off = b >> 3;
335 	tt->rn_b = -1; tt->rn_key = (caddr_t)v; tt->rn_p = t;
336 	tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags = RNF_ACTIVE;
337 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
338 	tt->rn_info = rn_nodenum++; t->rn_info = rn_nodenum++;
339 	tt->rn_twin = t; tt->rn_ybro = rn_clist; rn_clist = tt;
340 #endif
341 	return t;
342 }
343 
344 static struct radix_node *
345 rn_insert(void* v_arg,
346 	  struct radix_node_head *head,
347 	  int *dupentry,
348 	  struct radix_node nodes[2])
349 {
350 	caddr_t v = v_arg;
351 	struct radix_node *top = head->rnh_treetop;
352 	int head_off = top->rn_off, vlen = (int)*((u_char *)v);
353 	struct radix_node *t = rn_search(v_arg, top);
354 	caddr_t cp = v + head_off;
355 	int b;
356 	struct radix_node *tt;
357 
358 	/*
359 	 * Find first bit at which v and t->rn_key differ
360 	 */
361     {
362 		caddr_t cp2 = t->rn_key + head_off;
363 		int cmp_res;
364 	caddr_t cplim = v + vlen;
365 
366 	while (cp < cplim)
367 		if (*cp2++ != *cp++)
368 			goto on1;
369 	/* handle adding 255.255.255.255 */
370 	if (!(t->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) || *(cp2-1) == 0) {
371 		*dupentry = 1;
372 		return t;
373 	}
374 on1:
375 	*dupentry = 0;
376 	cmp_res = (cp[-1] ^ cp2[-1]) & 0xff;
377 	for (b = (cp - v) << 3; cmp_res; b--)
378 		cmp_res >>= 1;
379     }
380     {
381 	    struct radix_node *p, *x = top;
382 	cp = v;
383 	do {
384 		p = x;
385 		if (cp[x->rn_off] & x->rn_bmask)
386 			x = x->rn_r;
387 		else x = x->rn_l;
388 	} while ((unsigned)b > (unsigned)x->rn_b);
389 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
390 	if (rn_debug)
391 		log(LOG_DEBUG, "rn_insert: Going In:\n"), traverse(p);
392 #endif
393 	t = rn_newpair(v_arg, b, nodes); tt = t->rn_l;
394 	if ((cp[p->rn_off] & p->rn_bmask) == 0)
395 		p->rn_l = t;
396 	else
397 		p->rn_r = t;
398 	x->rn_p = t; t->rn_p = p; /* frees x, p as temp vars below */
399 	if ((cp[t->rn_off] & t->rn_bmask) == 0) {
400 		t->rn_r = x;
401 	} else {
402 		t->rn_r = tt; t->rn_l = x;
403 	}
404 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
405 	if (rn_debug)
406 		log(LOG_DEBUG, "rn_insert: Coming Out:\n"), traverse(p);
407 #endif
408     }
409 	return (tt);
410 }
411 
412 static struct radix_node *
413 rn_addmask(void *n_arg, int search, int skip)
414 {
415 	caddr_t netmask = (caddr_t)n_arg;
416 	struct radix_node *x;
417 	caddr_t cp, cplim;
418 	int b = 0, mlen, j;
419 	int maskduplicated, m0, isnormal;
420 	struct radix_node *saved_x;
421 	static int last_zeroed = 0;
422 
423 	if ((mlen = *(u_char *)netmask) > max_keylen)
424 		mlen = max_keylen;
425 	if (skip == 0)
426 		skip = 1;
427 	if (mlen <= skip)
428 		return (mask_rnhead->rnh_nodes);
429 	if (skip > 1)
430 		Bcopy(rn_ones + 1, addmask_key + 1, skip - 1);
431 	if ((m0 = mlen) > skip)
432 		Bcopy(netmask + skip, addmask_key + skip, mlen - skip);
433 	/*
434 	 * Trim trailing zeroes.
435 	 */
436 	for (cp = addmask_key + mlen; (cp > addmask_key) && cp[-1] == 0;)
437 		cp--;
438 	mlen = cp - addmask_key;
439 	if (mlen <= skip) {
440 		if (m0 >= last_zeroed)
441 			last_zeroed = mlen;
442 		return (mask_rnhead->rnh_nodes);
443 	}
444 	if (m0 < last_zeroed)
445 		Bzero(addmask_key + m0, last_zeroed - m0);
446 	*addmask_key = last_zeroed = mlen;
447 	x = rn_search(addmask_key, rn_masktop);
448 	if (Bcmp(addmask_key, x->rn_key, mlen) != 0)
449 		x = NULL;
450 	if (x || search)
451 		return (x);
452 	x = (struct radix_node *)rtmalloc(max_keylen + 2*sizeof(*x),
453 					  "rn_addmask");
454 	saved_x = x;
455 	Bzero(x, max_keylen + 2 * sizeof (*x));
456 	netmask = cp = (caddr_t)(x + 2);
457 	Bcopy(addmask_key, cp, mlen);
458 	x = rn_insert(cp, mask_rnhead, &maskduplicated, x);
459 	if (maskduplicated) {
460 		log(LOG_ERR, "rn_addmask: mask impossibly already in tree");
461 		Free(saved_x);
462 		return (x);
463 	}
464 	/*
465 	 * Calculate index of mask, and check for normalcy.
466 	 */
467 	cplim = netmask + mlen; isnormal = 1;
468 	for (cp = netmask + skip; (cp < cplim) && *(u_char *)cp == 0xff;)
469 		cp++;
470 	if (cp != cplim) {
471 		for (j = 0x80; (j & *cp) != 0; j >>= 1)
472 			b++;
473 		if (*cp != normal_chars[b] || cp != (cplim - 1))
474 			isnormal = 0;
475 	}
476 	b += (cp - netmask) << 3;
477 	x->rn_b = -1 - b;
478 	if (isnormal)
479 		x->rn_flags |= RNF_NORMAL;
480 	return (x);
481 }
482 
483 static int	/* XXX: arbitrary ordering for non-contiguous masks */
484 rn_lexobetter(void *m_arg, void *n_arg)
485 {
486 	u_char *mp = m_arg, *np = n_arg, *lim;
487 
488 	if (*mp > *np)
489 		return 1;  /* not really, but need to check longer one first */
490 	if (*mp == *np)
491 		for (lim = mp + *mp; mp < lim;)
492 			if (*mp++ > *np++)
493 				return 1;
494 	return 0;
495 }
496 
497 static struct radix_mask *
498 rn_new_radix_mask(struct radix_node *tt,
499 		  struct radix_mask *next)
500 {
501 	struct radix_mask *m;
502 
503 	MKGet(m);
504 	if (m == NULL) {
505 		log(LOG_ERR, "Mask for route not entered\n");
506 		return (0);
507 	}
508 	Bzero(m, sizeof *m);
509 	m->rm_b = tt->rn_b;
510 	m->rm_flags = tt->rn_flags;
511 	if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL)
512 		m->rm_leaf = tt;
513 	else
514 		m->rm_mask = tt->rn_mask;
515 	m->rm_mklist = next;
516 	tt->rn_mklist = m;
517 	return m;
518 }
519 
520 static struct radix_node *
521 rn_addroute(void *v_arg,
522 	    void *n_arg,
523 	    struct radix_node_head *head,
524 	    struct radix_node treenodes[2])
525 {
526 	caddr_t v = (caddr_t)v_arg, netmask = (caddr_t)n_arg;
527 	struct radix_node *t, *x = NULL, *tt;
528 	struct radix_node *saved_tt, *top = head->rnh_treetop;
529 	short b = 0, b_leaf = 0;
530 	int keyduplicated;
531 	caddr_t mmask;
532 	struct radix_mask *m, **mp;
533 
534 	/*
535 	 * In dealing with non-contiguous masks, there may be
536 	 * many different routes which have the same mask.
537 	 * We will find it useful to have a unique pointer to
538 	 * the mask to speed avoiding duplicate references at
539 	 * nodes and possibly save time in calculating indices.
540 	 */
541 	if (netmask)  {
542 		if ((x = rn_addmask(netmask, 0, top->rn_off)) == NULL)
543 			return (0);
544 		b_leaf = x->rn_b;
545 		b = -1 - x->rn_b;
546 		netmask = x->rn_key;
547 	}
548 	/*
549 	 * Deal with duplicated keys: attach node to previous instance
550 	 */
551 	saved_tt = tt = rn_insert(v, head, &keyduplicated, treenodes);
552 	if (keyduplicated) {
553 		for (t = tt; tt; t = tt, tt = tt->rn_dupedkey) {
554 			if (tt->rn_mask == netmask)
555 				return (0);
556 			if (netmask == 0 ||
557 			    (tt->rn_mask &&
558 			     ((b_leaf < tt->rn_b) || /* index(netmask) > node */
559 			       rn_refines(netmask, tt->rn_mask) ||
560 			       rn_lexobetter(netmask, tt->rn_mask))))
561 				break;
562 		}
563 		/*
564 		 * If the mask is not duplicated, we wouldn't
565 		 * find it among possible duplicate key entries
566 		 * anyway, so the above test doesn't hurt.
567 		 *
568 		 * We sort the masks for a duplicated key the same way as
569 		 * in a masklist -- most specific to least specific.
570 		 * This may require the unfortunate nuisance of relocating
571 		 * the head of the list.
572 		 */
573 		if (tt == saved_tt) {
574 			struct	radix_node *xx = x;
575 			/* link in at head of list */
576 			(tt = treenodes)->rn_dupedkey = t;
577 			tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags;
578 			tt->rn_p = x = t->rn_p;
579 			if (x->rn_l == t) x->rn_l = tt; else x->rn_r = tt;
580 			saved_tt = tt; x = xx;
581 		} else {
582 			(tt = treenodes)->rn_dupedkey = t->rn_dupedkey;
583 			t->rn_dupedkey = tt;
584 		}
585 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
586 		t=tt+1; tt->rn_info = rn_nodenum++; t->rn_info = rn_nodenum++;
587 		tt->rn_twin = t; tt->rn_ybro = rn_clist; rn_clist = tt;
588 #endif
589 		tt->rn_key = (caddr_t) v;
590 		tt->rn_b = -1;
591 		tt->rn_flags = RNF_ACTIVE;
592 	}
593 	/*
594 	 * Put mask in tree.
595 	 */
596 	if (netmask) {
597 		tt->rn_mask = netmask;
598 		tt->rn_b = x->rn_b;
599 		tt->rn_flags |= x->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL;
600 	}
601 	t = saved_tt->rn_p;
602 	if (keyduplicated)
603 		goto on2;
604 	b_leaf = -1 - t->rn_b;
605 	if (t->rn_r == saved_tt) x = t->rn_l; else x = t->rn_r;
606 	/* Promote general routes from below */
607 	if (x->rn_b < 0) {
608 	    for (mp = &t->rn_mklist; x; x = x->rn_dupedkey)
609 		if (x->rn_mask && (x->rn_b >= b_leaf) && x->rn_mklist == 0) {
610 			if ((*mp = m = rn_new_radix_mask(x, 0)))
611 				mp = &m->rm_mklist;
612 		}
613 	} else if (x->rn_mklist) {
614 		/*
615 		 * Skip over masks whose index is > that of new node
616 		 */
617 		for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; (m = *mp); mp = &m->rm_mklist)
618 			if (m->rm_b >= b_leaf)
619 				break;
620 		t->rn_mklist = m; *mp = NULL;
621 	}
622 on2:
623 	/* Add new route to highest possible ancestor's list */
624 	if ((netmask == 0) || (b > t->rn_b ))
625 		return tt; /* can't lift at all */
626 	b_leaf = tt->rn_b;
627 	do {
628 		x = t;
629 		t = t->rn_p;
630 	} while (b <= t->rn_b && x != top);
631 	/*
632 	 * Search through routes associated with node to
633 	 * insert new route according to index.
634 	 * Need same criteria as when sorting dupedkeys to avoid
635 	 * double loop on deletion.
636 	 */
637 	for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; (m = *mp); mp = &m->rm_mklist) {
638 		if (m->rm_b < b_leaf)
639 			continue;
640 		if (m->rm_b > b_leaf)
641 			break;
642 		if (m->rm_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
643 			mmask = m->rm_leaf->rn_mask;
644 			if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
645 				log(LOG_ERR,
646 				   "Non-unique normal route, mask not entered");
647 				return tt;
648 			}
649 		} else
650 			mmask = m->rm_mask;
651 		if (mmask == netmask) {
652 			m->rm_refs++;
653 			tt->rn_mklist = m;
654 			return tt;
655 		}
656 		if (rn_refines(netmask, mmask) || rn_lexobetter(netmask, mmask))
657 			break;
658 	}
659 	*mp = rn_new_radix_mask(tt, *mp);
660 	return tt;
661 }
662 
663 static struct radix_node *
664 rn_delete(void *v_arg,
665 	  void *netmask_arg,
666 	  struct radix_node_head *head)
667 {
668 	struct radix_node *t, *p, *x, *tt;
669 	struct radix_mask *m, *saved_m, **mp;
670 	struct radix_node *dupedkey, *saved_tt, *top;
671 	caddr_t v, netmask;
672 	int b, head_off, vlen;
673 
674 	v = v_arg;
675 	netmask = netmask_arg;
676 	x = head->rnh_treetop;
677 	tt = rn_search(v, x);
678 	head_off = x->rn_off;
679 	vlen =  *(u_char *)v;
680 	saved_tt = tt;
681 	top = x;
682 	if (tt == NULL ||
683 	    Bcmp(v + head_off, tt->rn_key + head_off, vlen - head_off))
684 		return (0);
685 	/*
686 	 * Delete our route from mask lists.
687 	 */
688 	if (netmask) {
689 		if ((x = rn_addmask(netmask, 1, head_off)) == NULL)
690 			return (0);
691 		netmask = x->rn_key;
692 		while (tt->rn_mask != netmask)
693 			if ((tt = tt->rn_dupedkey) == NULL)
694 				return (0);
695 	}
696 	if (tt->rn_mask == 0 || (saved_m = m = tt->rn_mklist) == NULL)
697 		goto on1;
698 	if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
699 		if (m->rm_leaf != tt || m->rm_refs > 0) {
700 			log(LOG_ERR, "rn_delete: inconsistent annotation\n");
701 			return 0;  /* dangling ref could cause disaster */
702 		}
703 	} else {
704 		if (m->rm_mask != tt->rn_mask) {
705 			log(LOG_ERR, "rn_delete: inconsistent annotation\n");
706 			goto on1;
707 		}
708 		if (--m->rm_refs >= 0)
709 			goto on1;
710 	}
711 	b = -1 - tt->rn_b;
712 	t = saved_tt->rn_p;
713 	if (b > t->rn_b)
714 		goto on1; /* Wasn't lifted at all */
715 	do {
716 		x = t;
717 		t = t->rn_p;
718 	} while (b <= t->rn_b && x != top);
719 	for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; (m = *mp); mp = &m->rm_mklist)
720 		if (m == saved_m) {
721 			*mp = m->rm_mklist;
722 			MKFree(m);
723 			break;
724 		}
725 	if (m == NULL) {
726 		log(LOG_ERR, "rn_delete: couldn't find our annotation\n");
727 		if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_NORMAL)
728 			return (0); /* Dangling ref to us */
729 	}
730 on1:
731 	/*
732 	 * Eliminate us from tree
733 	 */
734 	if (tt->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT)
735 		return (0);
736 #ifdef RN_DEBUG
737 	/* Get us out of the creation list */
738 	for (t = rn_clist; t && t->rn_ybro != tt; t = t->rn_ybro) {}
739 	if (t) t->rn_ybro = tt->rn_ybro;
740 #endif
741 	t = tt->rn_p;
742 	if ((dupedkey = saved_tt->rn_dupedkey)) {
743 		if (tt == saved_tt) {
744 			x = dupedkey; x->rn_p = t;
745 			if (t->rn_l == tt) t->rn_l = x; else t->rn_r = x;
746 		} else {
747 			for (x = p = saved_tt; p && p->rn_dupedkey != tt;)
748 				p = p->rn_dupedkey;
749 			if (p) p->rn_dupedkey = tt->rn_dupedkey;
750 			else log(LOG_ERR, "rn_delete: couldn't find us\n");
751 		}
752 		t = tt + 1;
753 		if  (t->rn_flags & RNF_ACTIVE) {
754 #ifndef RN_DEBUG
755 			*++x = *t; p = t->rn_p;
756 #else
757 			b = t->rn_info; *++x = *t; t->rn_info = b; p = t->rn_p;
758 #endif
759 			if (p->rn_l == t) p->rn_l = x; else p->rn_r = x;
760 			x->rn_l->rn_p = x; x->rn_r->rn_p = x;
761 		}
762 		goto out;
763 	}
764 	if (t->rn_l == tt) x = t->rn_r; else x = t->rn_l;
765 	p = t->rn_p;
766 	if (p->rn_r == t) p->rn_r = x; else p->rn_l = x;
767 	x->rn_p = p;
768 	/*
769 	 * Demote routes attached to us.
770 	 */
771 	if (t->rn_mklist) {
772 		if (x->rn_b >= 0) {
773 			for (mp = &x->rn_mklist; (m = *mp);)
774 				mp = &m->rm_mklist;
775 			*mp = t->rn_mklist;
776 		} else {
777 			/* If there are any key,mask pairs in a sibling
778 			   duped-key chain, some subset will appear sorted
779 			   in the same order attached to our mklist */
780 			for (m = t->rn_mklist; m && x; x = x->rn_dupedkey)
781 				if (m == x->rn_mklist) {
782 					struct radix_mask *mm = m->rm_mklist;
783 					x->rn_mklist = 0;
784 					if (--(m->rm_refs) < 0)
785 						MKFree(m);
786 					m = mm;
787 				}
788 			if (m)
789 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s 0x%lx at 0x%lx\n",
790 				       "rn_delete: Orphaned Mask",
791 				       (unsigned long)m,
792 				       (unsigned long)x);
793 		}
794 	}
795 	/*
796 	 * We may be holding an active internal node in the tree.
797 	 */
798 	x = tt + 1;
799 	if (t != x) {
800 #ifndef RN_DEBUG
801 		*t = *x;
802 #else
803 		b = t->rn_info; *t = *x; t->rn_info = b;
804 #endif
805 		t->rn_l->rn_p = t; t->rn_r->rn_p = t;
806 		p = x->rn_p;
807 		if (p->rn_l == x) p->rn_l = t; else p->rn_r = t;
808 	}
809 out:
810 	tt->rn_flags &= ~RNF_ACTIVE;
811 	tt[1].rn_flags &= ~RNF_ACTIVE;
812 	return (tt);
813 }
814 
815 int
816 rn_walktree(struct radix_node_head *h,
817 	    int (*f)(struct radix_node *, struct walkarg *),
818 	    struct walkarg *w)
819 {
820 	int error;
821 	struct radix_node *base, *next;
822 	struct radix_node *rn = h->rnh_treetop;
823 	/*
824 	 * This gets complicated because we may delete the node
825 	 * while applying the function f to it, so we need to calculate
826 	 * the successor node in advance.
827 	 */
828 	/* First time through node, go left */
829 	while (rn->rn_b >= 0)
830 		rn = rn->rn_l;
831 	for (;;) {
832 		base = rn;
833 		/* If at right child go back up, otherwise, go right */
834 		while (rn->rn_p->rn_r == rn && (rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) == 0)
835 			rn = rn->rn_p;
836 		/* Find the next *leaf* since next node might vanish, too */
837 		for (rn = rn->rn_p->rn_r; rn->rn_b >= 0;)
838 			rn = rn->rn_l;
839 		next = rn;
840 		/* Process leaves */
841 		while ((rn = base)) {
842 			base = rn->rn_dupedkey;
843 			if (!(rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) && (error = (*f)(rn, w)))
844 				return (error);
845 		}
846 		rn = next;
847 		if (rn->rn_flags & RNF_ROOT)
848 			return (0);
849 	}
850 	/* NOTREACHED */
851 }
852 
853 int
854 rn_inithead(struct radix_node_head **head, int off)
855 {
856 	struct radix_node_head *rnh;
857 	struct radix_node *t, *tt, *ttt;
858 	if (*head)
859 		return (1);
860 	rnh = (struct radix_node_head *)rtmalloc(sizeof(*rnh), "rn_inithead");
861 	Bzero(rnh, sizeof (*rnh));
862 	*head = rnh;
863 	t = rn_newpair(rn_zeros, off, rnh->rnh_nodes);
864 	ttt = rnh->rnh_nodes + 2;
865 	t->rn_r = ttt;
866 	t->rn_p = t;
867 	tt = t->rn_l;
868 	tt->rn_flags = t->rn_flags = RNF_ROOT | RNF_ACTIVE;
869 	tt->rn_b = -1 - off;
870 	*ttt = *tt;
871 	ttt->rn_key = rn_ones;
872 	rnh->rnh_addaddr = rn_addroute;
873 	rnh->rnh_deladdr = rn_delete;
874 	rnh->rnh_matchaddr = rn_match;
875 	rnh->rnh_lookup = rn_lookup;
876 	rnh->rnh_walktree = rn_walktree;
877 	rnh->rnh_treetop = t;
878 	return (1);
879 }
880 
881 void
882 rn_init(void)
883 {
884 	char *cp, *cplim;
885 	if (max_keylen == 0) {
886 		printf("rn_init: radix functions require max_keylen be set\n");
887 		return;
888 	}
889 	rn_zeros = (char *)rtmalloc(3 * max_keylen, "rn_init");
890 	Bzero(rn_zeros, 3 * max_keylen);
891 	rn_ones = cp = rn_zeros + max_keylen;
892 	addmask_key = cplim = rn_ones + max_keylen;
893 	while (cp < cplim)
894 		*cp++ = -1;
895 	if (rn_inithead(&mask_rnhead, 0) == 0)
896 		panic("rn_init 2");
897 }
898 
899